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Iwona Bąk, Ph.D., is an Associate Professor at the West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Poland. She is Head of Mathematics in the Economics Department and the editor of the Statistical Journal Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis Oeconomica. She is a member of the Classification and Data Analysis Section of the Polish Statistical Society, the Polish Economic Society, and the Polish Society of Gerontology. Bąk is an expert in the field of quantitative methods, specialising in analyses regarding the use of quantitative methods in economic research, with a particular emphasis on the labour market and tourism, as well as regional development. Bąk is the author or co-author of more than 200 reviewed papers, including academic books, and also she has practical experience in the implementation of projects carried out on behalf of public institutions.
The main purpose of the paper is to present a proposal to measure the relationships between Goal 7 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and one of the areas considered in the green growth concept: environmental production efficiency. Both of these areas illustrate the relationship between the natural environment and the economy, emphasizing transformations in the field of energy use. Selected taxonomic methods, TOPSIS, and multicriteria taxonomy, were applied to study the relationships between the two areas. The results of the EU countries classification showed a variety of countries’ development pathways within a single economic community. Despite continued attempts to equalize the development levels between European Union countries in many strategic areas, they remain highly diversified. That is also true for the areas analyzed in the paper, which is a disturbing situation, indicating that both strategies might not correlate in all respects. Further research into the relationships linking the remaining dimensions of both strategies is required.
Katarzyna Cheba; Iwona Bąk. Environmental Production Efficiency in the European Union Countries as a Tool for the Implementation of Goal 7 of the 2030 Agenda. Energies 2021, 14, 4593 .
AMA StyleKatarzyna Cheba, Iwona Bąk. Environmental Production Efficiency in the European Union Countries as a Tool for the Implementation of Goal 7 of the 2030 Agenda. Energies. 2021; 14 (15):4593.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatarzyna Cheba; Iwona Bąk. 2021. "Environmental Production Efficiency in the European Union Countries as a Tool for the Implementation of Goal 7 of the 2030 Agenda." Energies 14, no. 15: 4593.
The energy transformation towards renewable energy sources in the conditions of climate change and the accompanying climate risk is a priority for all countries in the world. However, the degree of advancement of activities in this area varies significantly between countries, which is the result of different activities for renewable energy sources in individual countries. The aim of this article is to determine the trends of changes in the area of the use of renewable energy sources in EU countries. The study uses TMD (taxonomic measure of development) methods and dynamic classification, which allowed to distinguish typological groups of objects with similar dynamics of the studied phenomenon. The EU 28 countries were analyzed. Statistics (Eurostat database) are provided for the period 2004–2019. As a result of the research, it was found that the Scandinavian countries and the countries of Western Europe were characterized by the highest stability in terms of the use of renewable energy sources over time. These countries also recorded the smallest increases in TMD. On the other hand, the unfavorable situation in terms of stability was observed mainly in the countries of Southern Europe.
Iwona Bąk; Anna Spoz; Magdalena Zioło; Marek Dylewski. Dynamic Analysis of the Similarity of Objects in Research on the Use of Renewable Energy Resources in European Union Countries. Energies 2021, 14, 3952 .
AMA StyleIwona Bąk, Anna Spoz, Magdalena Zioło, Marek Dylewski. Dynamic Analysis of the Similarity of Objects in Research on the Use of Renewable Energy Resources in European Union Countries. Energies. 2021; 14 (13):3952.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIwona Bąk; Anna Spoz; Magdalena Zioło; Marek Dylewski. 2021. "Dynamic Analysis of the Similarity of Objects in Research on the Use of Renewable Energy Resources in European Union Countries." Energies 14, no. 13: 3952.
Three-quarters of global greenhouse gas emissions come from burning fossil fuels for energy. To confront climate change, the world must move away from fossil fuels and decarbonise its energy systems. In the light of European Union documents, decarbonisation signifies the elimination of CO2 emissions on account of their harmfulness to the environment. The European Union is planning that by 2030, these emissions will be 40% lower in comparison to 1990. A fundamental query arises here: do the achievements of EU countries give cause for optimism in this regard? The aim of the study is an attempt to determine the tendency of changes concerning energy decarbonisation as well as to distinguish typological groups of bodies (EU countries) with similar dynamics in the researched phenomenon. Trend functions and the distance matrices of the growth rate of the researched phenomenon were used for the dynamic classification. The conducted research confirmed that EU countries indicate spatial differentiation in terms of CO2 emissions. It is related to the general socio-economic development of countries, their level of industrialisation, the quality of their natural environment, their degree of urbanisation, etc. The most favourable situation, in terms of the analysed phenomenon, i.e., the largest average decrease in CO2 per capita in the analysed period, was characteristic of Ireland, Greece, and Cyprus. On the other hand, an adverse situation relating to an increase in the indicator occurred in five EU countries, specifically in Luxembourg and Lithuania.
Iwona Bąk; Anna Barwińska-Małajowicz; Grażyna Wolska; Paweł Walawender; Paweł Hydzik. Is the European Union Making Progress on Energy Decarbonisation While Moving towards Sustainable Development? Energies 2021, 14, 3792 .
AMA StyleIwona Bąk, Anna Barwińska-Małajowicz, Grażyna Wolska, Paweł Walawender, Paweł Hydzik. Is the European Union Making Progress on Energy Decarbonisation While Moving towards Sustainable Development? Energies. 2021; 14 (13):3792.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIwona Bąk; Anna Barwińska-Małajowicz; Grażyna Wolska; Paweł Walawender; Paweł Hydzik. 2021. "Is the European Union Making Progress on Energy Decarbonisation While Moving towards Sustainable Development?" Energies 14, no. 13: 3792.
The aim of the article is to show that in rural areas, with particular emphasis on former state-owned farms, which were created as a result of changes in the forms of land ownership, mainly in Central and Eastern European countries, the economic situation of households is still worse than in the areas where there were no State Agricultural Enterprises (PGR). Research in Poland served as a case study. Selected methods of descriptive statistics and multivariate comparative analysis were used in the analyses. The results presented in the study at different levels of aggregation (voivodeships, poviats, and communes) allowed the identification of the regularities in the situation of rural areas. Among the beneficiaries of social assistance, most of the people live in rural areas and have a high unemployment rate; the problem of unemployment especially concerns those areas where the rural population with lower education levels predominates. Moreover, in former state-owned farms, the total disposable income per person is lower than in other areas, and the funds from the government program “Rodzina 500+” constitute a significant contribution to household budgets.
Iwona Bąk; Katarzyna Wawrzyniak; Maciej Oesterreich. The Impact of Transformational Changes on the Socio-Economic Conditions of the Rural Population. An Example of Poland. Agriculture 2021, 11, 403 .
AMA StyleIwona Bąk, Katarzyna Wawrzyniak, Maciej Oesterreich. The Impact of Transformational Changes on the Socio-Economic Conditions of the Rural Population. An Example of Poland. Agriculture. 2021; 11 (5):403.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIwona Bąk; Katarzyna Wawrzyniak; Maciej Oesterreich. 2021. "The Impact of Transformational Changes on the Socio-Economic Conditions of the Rural Population. An Example of Poland." Agriculture 11, no. 5: 403.
One of the key challenges for climate policies is the identification of strategies that will effectively support the implementation of environmental goals. Environmental policies are connected with other development policies carried out by governments. In order to comprehensively shape environmental policy, it is important to understand the interactions between sustainable development goals (SDGs) as well as their impact on environmental goals. Employing econometric modeling based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) method and full-factorial analysis, the authors identify a number of statistically significant relationships between the implementation of sustainable development goals and the environmental variable represented by greenhouse gas emissions. Analysis reveals that implementation of particular sustainable development goals, namely SDG4 (Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities) and SDG17 (Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development), explicitly facilitate the achievement of environmental policies. In addition, other SDGs exert an indirect influence on environmental goals through their reinforcing interactions with SDG4 and SDG17 variables. These are: SDG1 (End poverty), SDG3 (Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being), SDG8 (Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, and productive employment) and SDG15 (Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests and halt biodiversity loss). These findings have important implications for proper identification of effective government policy instruments which indirectly support the achievement of environmental goals.
Krzysztof Kluza; Magdalena Zioło; Iwona Bąk; Anna Spoz. Achieving Environmental Policy Objectives through the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals. The Case for European Union Countries. Energies 2021, 14, 2129 .
AMA StyleKrzysztof Kluza, Magdalena Zioło, Iwona Bąk, Anna Spoz. Achieving Environmental Policy Objectives through the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals. The Case for European Union Countries. Energies. 2021; 14 (8):2129.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKrzysztof Kluza; Magdalena Zioło; Iwona Bąk; Anna Spoz. 2021. "Achieving Environmental Policy Objectives through the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals. The Case for European Union Countries." Energies 14, no. 8: 2129.
The paper presents the results of classifying public administration employees in terms of level of occupational burnout, taking into account their place of residence, gender and age. One of the methods of multidimensional statistical analysis – classification trees – was used as a research tool. Two dependent variables are defined. The first has only two variants, defined as “no occupational burnout” and “occupational burnout”, which characterise all respondents. The second dependent variable was limited to those respondents diagnosed with occupational burnout and has four variants corresponding to intensity of burnout. The obtained results indicate the differentiation of voivodeships (first-order administrative regions) in terms of the level of the studied phenomenon.
Iwona Bąk; Katarzyna Wawrzyniak. Spatial differentiation of public administration employees due to professional burnout. Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 2021, 51, 47 -59.
AMA StyleIwona Bąk, Katarzyna Wawrzyniak. Spatial differentiation of public administration employees due to professional burnout. Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series. 2021; 51 (51):47-59.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIwona Bąk; Katarzyna Wawrzyniak. 2021. "Spatial differentiation of public administration employees due to professional burnout." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 51, no. 51: 47-59.
The World Bank and International Monetary Fund reported that the achievement of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires an escalation of development finance. The report Scaling Finance for the Sustainable Development Goals highlighted the urgency of the efforts to realize SDGs in encouraging financial innovation to move quickly. Even if the role of finance in achieving SDGs is unquestionable, few scientific studies have addressed these issues. We tried to fill the existing research gap. In this study, we examined the link between sustainable finance and SDGs based on European Union countries belonging to the OECD. We present a new and the original research approach. We assumed that the sustainable finance model plays a fundamental role in implementing SDGs (all SDGs were analysed except for SDG 6 and SDG14, due to lack of statistics were not analysed) and ensuring that social and environmental sustainability are reflected in SDGs. The results of this study show that the more sustainable the finance model, the better the achievement of SDGs in the group of analysed countries. We found a strong link between sustainable finance model and social sustainability (SDG1, 3, 4, 5, 10, 16); environmental sustainability (SDG11, 12, 13, 15) and economic sustainability (SDG8, 9, 17).
Magdalena Ziolo; Iwona Bak; Katarzyna Cheba. THE ROLE OF SUSTAINABLE FINANCE IN ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: DOES IT WORK? Technological and Economic Development of Economy 2020, 27, 45 -70.
AMA StyleMagdalena Ziolo, Iwona Bak, Katarzyna Cheba. THE ROLE OF SUSTAINABLE FINANCE IN ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: DOES IT WORK? Technological and Economic Development of Economy. 2020; 27 (1):45-70.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagdalena Ziolo; Iwona Bak; Katarzyna Cheba. 2020. "THE ROLE OF SUSTAINABLE FINANCE IN ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: DOES IT WORK?" Technological and Economic Development of Economy 27, no. 1: 45-70.
Research background: The efficiency of the functioning of District Employment Agencies is often assessed on the basis of the level of employment and cost-effectiveness indices. The values of these indices are influenced by various socio-economic factors, which were grouped into five areas in the paper: unemployment, demography, environment, entities and the human potential of District Employment Agencies (PUPs). The research was conducted in 340 District Employment Agencies in 2017. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to separate groups of District Employment Agencies with similar values of employment and cost-effectiveness indices, with the simultaneous identification of the level of factors that characterize the socio-economic situation and staff potential in each of the separated groups. Research methodology: One of the methods of a multidimensional statistical analysis – the regression trees method was used in the work. Results: The use of regression trees allowed the separation of groups of District Employment Agencies, which differed in terms of the level of employment and cost-effectiveness indices, and characterized these groups due to socio-economic factors and staffing potential. Novelty: The survey covers all District Employment Agencies in Poland and the obtained research results can be useful for labor market institutions to assess the efficiency of PUPs.
Iwona Bąk; Katarzyna Wawrzyniak; Antoni Sobolewski. Classification of District Employment Agencies in Terms of Employment and Cost-Effectiveness Using Regression Trees. Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia 2020, 20, 20 -35.
AMA StyleIwona Bąk, Katarzyna Wawrzyniak, Antoni Sobolewski. Classification of District Employment Agencies in Terms of Employment and Cost-Effectiveness Using Regression Trees. Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia. 2020; 20 (2):20-35.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIwona Bąk; Katarzyna Wawrzyniak; Antoni Sobolewski. 2020. "Classification of District Employment Agencies in Terms of Employment and Cost-Effectiveness Using Regression Trees." Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia 20, no. 2: 20-35.
The main purpose of the paper is to assess the level of EU countries’ ability to compete in a sustainable manner and to compare these results with achievements in the area of sustainable competitive position. In the paper, the definition of the new economic category – sustainable competitiveness and its main components: sustainable competitive capacity and sustainable competitive position, as well as these new terms’ measurement proposal were presented. The study is also an attempt to the exploration of relationship existing between those categories. For this purpose, the selected statistical methods were applied. The taxonomic measure of development as well as the correlation coefficients, were used to measure the multilevel relationship between those considered areas. Until now, those categories were presented only in the context of examining the countries’ ability to compete sustainably. However, the aspects of sustainable competitive position have been completely ignored. That’s why it should be emphasized that this kind of investigation is a novelty in the area of sustainable competitiveness. The research results confirmed the existence of relationship between the various areas that consist to the holistic concept of sustainable competitiveness. These relationships are not always strong though and this is the crucial fact for further research in this area.
Katarzyna Cheba; Iwona Bąk; Katarzyna Szopik-Depczyńska. SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVENESS AS A NEW ECONOMIC CATEGORY – DEFINITION AND MEASUREMENT ASSESSMENT. Technological and Economic Development of Economy 2020, 26, 1399 -1421.
AMA StyleKatarzyna Cheba, Iwona Bąk, Katarzyna Szopik-Depczyńska. SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVENESS AS A NEW ECONOMIC CATEGORY – DEFINITION AND MEASUREMENT ASSESSMENT. Technological and Economic Development of Economy. 2020; 26 (6):1399-1421.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatarzyna Cheba; Iwona Bąk; Katarzyna Szopik-Depczyńska. 2020. "SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVENESS AS A NEW ECONOMIC CATEGORY – DEFINITION AND MEASUREMENT ASSESSMENT." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 26, no. 6: 1399-1421.
The literature on the subject indicates that green growth is a direct result of implementing a sustainable development strategy. According to this assumption, countries that include sustainable development goals in their strategic documents should also achieve results in the area of green growth or the green economy. The monitoring of green growth should be based on indicators that make it possible to distinguish the green economy from the traditional one by taking into account, inter alia, indicators covering: green products, services, investments, and public procurement as well as green jobs in the green sectors of the economy. OECD proposes to use for this purpose indicators divided into four main groups: environmental and resource productivity, natural asset base, the environmental dimension of the quality of life and economic opportunities and policy responses. The aim of the work is to examine the relationships between sustainable development and green economy, especially in the area of their measurement and to determine the relationship between the results achieved by the EU countries in this area. The result of the research is the assessment of the results obtained by the EU countries in each of the analyzed areas using a taxonomic development measure based on the Weber median and the identification of relation between the results.
Katarzyna Cheba; Iwona Bąk. Sustainable Development and Green Economy in the European Union Countries—Statistical Analysis. Data Science 2020, 163 -185.
AMA StyleKatarzyna Cheba, Iwona Bąk. Sustainable Development and Green Economy in the European Union Countries—Statistical Analysis. Data Science. 2020; ():163-185.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatarzyna Cheba; Iwona Bąk. 2020. "Sustainable Development and Green Economy in the European Union Countries—Statistical Analysis." Data Science , no. : 163-185.
The main purpose of the study is to present a new approach to comparing EU regions according to their level of innovation. For many years, different organizations have published reports related to the innovation level of EU countries and regions. Usually, taxonomic methods are used to measure development in this area. The main disadvantage of this approach is that it offers an assessment of EU innovation level based only on the mean, while the main goal of this kind of analysis should include an assessment of results compatibility obtained in different areas constituting a composite measure. For this purpose, a different procedure based on the multi-criteria taxonomic method is proposed. In this method, the innovation level of every object (in the paper, EU regions) is assessed using results obtained in every group of indicators taken into account for this purpose. This means that EU regions can be divided into groups according their level of innovation in all considered areas, not only according to their mean value of development. This is the basic advantage of this type of analysis. An added value of the considerations presented in the paper is the possibility of obtaining supplementary information about the internal structure of the innovation of socio-economic objects. It should be emphasized that such analysis is a new approach to this kind of assessment. The results are especially relevant to associations such as the European Union, in which internal cohesion is one of its strategic developmental goals.
Katarzyna Szopik-Depczyńska; Katarzyna Cheba; Iwona Bąk; Angelika Kędzierska-Szczepaniak; Krzysztof Szczepaniak; Giuseppe Ioppolo. Innovation level and local development of EU regions. A new assessment approach. Land Use Policy 2020, 99, 104837 .
AMA StyleKatarzyna Szopik-Depczyńska, Katarzyna Cheba, Iwona Bąk, Angelika Kędzierska-Szczepaniak, Krzysztof Szczepaniak, Giuseppe Ioppolo. Innovation level and local development of EU regions. A new assessment approach. Land Use Policy. 2020; 99 ():104837.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatarzyna Szopik-Depczyńska; Katarzyna Cheba; Iwona Bąk; Angelika Kędzierska-Szczepaniak; Krzysztof Szczepaniak; Giuseppe Ioppolo. 2020. "Innovation level and local development of EU regions. A new assessment approach." Land Use Policy 99, no. : 104837.
Gra\yna Wolska; Iwona Bak; Maciej Oesterreich; Joanna Hawlena. Institutions in the Context of Implementing the CSR Concept and Social Trust. EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL 2020, XXIII, 131 -146.
AMA StyleGra\yna Wolska, Iwona Bak, Maciej Oesterreich, Joanna Hawlena. Institutions in the Context of Implementing the CSR Concept and Social Trust. EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL. 2020; XXIII (3):131-146.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGra\yna Wolska; Iwona Bak; Maciej Oesterreich; Joanna Hawlena. 2020. "Institutions in the Context of Implementing the CSR Concept and Social Trust." EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL XXIII, no. 3: 131-146.
Introduction. The attractiveness and quality of spending free time are becoming more and more important. Its crucial elements are recreation and culture which contribute to the development of interests and personality, an increase in physical activity, the discharge of nervous tension and the prevention of lifestyle diseases. The use of recreation and culture depends on many factors. For the authors, it is particularly interesting to check the level and structure of spending on recreation and tourism in relation to age. Therefore, the purpose of the article was to compare the spending on recreation and culture in two groups of households. The first concerned households where the head of the household was at most 35 years old, while the other group included households of the elderly. Material and methods. The analysis of household expenditure in 2018 on recreation and culture, including organized tourism, was based on a set of unitary unidentifiable data on household budgets, which were made available by the Central Statistical Office for a fee. The basic descriptive parameters of the structure analysis and a power-exponential econometric model were used in the research. Results. The financial situation of the household has the greatest impact on the formation of expenditure related to free time, regardless of the age of the household head. The number of people in the household is also important, which is particularly evident in the case of young households, but it is also important in 60+ households, as they are more willing to enjoy recreation and culture in the company of other people of the household. The education of the head of the household significantly affects spending on recreation and culture only among 60+ households. Conclusion . The results of the research presented in this article prove that the level of expenditure on recreation and culture depends on socio-demographic factors such as age, gender, income, place of residence, etc.
Iwona Bąk; Beata Szczecińska. Household Spending on Recreation and Culture – A Comparative Analysis of Selected Age Groups. PJST 2020, 27, 14 -19.
AMA StyleIwona Bąk, Beata Szczecińska. Household Spending on Recreation and Culture – A Comparative Analysis of Selected Age Groups. PJST. 2020; 27 (2):14-19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIwona Bąk; Beata Szczecińska. 2020. "Household Spending on Recreation and Culture – A Comparative Analysis of Selected Age Groups." PJST 27, no. 2: 14-19.
Iwona Bak; Katarzyna Cheba; Irena Lacka. Sustainable Development and Innovations- How They Work Together? EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL 2020, XXIII, 93 -113.
AMA StyleIwona Bak, Katarzyna Cheba, Irena Lacka. Sustainable Development and Innovations- How They Work Together? EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL. 2020; XXIII (3):93-113.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIwona Bak; Katarzyna Cheba; Irena Lacka. 2020. "Sustainable Development and Innovations- How They Work Together?" EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL XXIII, no. 3: 93-113.
Research background: The study was conducted and based on the project The assessment of mental condition, financed by the Ministry of Health as part of the National Health Program for 2016–2020 (operational objective 3: Prevention of mental health problems and improvement of mental well-being of society). The article focuses on a group of teachers and university lecturers from eight voivodeships selected for the study, whereas burnout was selected from the areas of mental disorders. Purpose: The main objective of the study was to identify the regularities in the relationship between the level of professional burnout and selected demographic characteristics in the group of teachers and university lecturers. Additionally, the spatial diversity of the percentage of respondents diagnosed with occupational burnout was examined. Research methodology: Two methods from the multi-dimensional statistical analysis were used: a classification tree analysis, and a correspondence analysis. Results: The methods used allowed to classify the studied professional group in terms of the degree of occupational burnout. The results obtained using both the classification trees and multidimensional correspondence analysis allowed the identification of similar regularities regarding the impact of demographic variables on the level of occupational burnout. Novelty: The application of multidimensional statistical analysis methods to study mental health based on individual, unique data from eight Polish voivodeships.
Iwona Bąk; Katarzyna Wawrzyniak. The Use of Multidimensional Statistical Analysis Methods in the Burnout Study of Teachers and Lecturers at Universities. Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia 2020, 20, 45 -61.
AMA StyleIwona Bąk, Katarzyna Wawrzyniak. The Use of Multidimensional Statistical Analysis Methods in the Burnout Study of Teachers and Lecturers at Universities. Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia. 2020; 20 (1):45-61.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIwona Bąk; Katarzyna Wawrzyniak. 2020. "The Use of Multidimensional Statistical Analysis Methods in the Burnout Study of Teachers and Lecturers at Universities." Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia 20, no. 1: 45-61.
Katarzyna Wawrzyniak; Iwona Bąk. THE PROFILE OF CANDIDATES FOR STUDIES AND THEIR LEARNING OUTCOMES. Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stietinensis, Oeconomica 2020, 353, 41 -52.
AMA StyleKatarzyna Wawrzyniak, Iwona Bąk. THE PROFILE OF CANDIDATES FOR STUDIES AND THEIR LEARNING OUTCOMES. Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stietinensis, Oeconomica. 2020; 353 (95):41-52.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatarzyna Wawrzyniak; Iwona Bąk. 2020. "THE PROFILE OF CANDIDATES FOR STUDIES AND THEIR LEARNING OUTCOMES." Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stietinensis, Oeconomica 353, no. 95: 41-52.
Iwona Bąk; Katarzyna Wawrzyniak; Antoni Sobolewski; Lwowska 3/1 Stowarzyszenie Czas Przestrzeń Tożsamość. THE IMPACT OF THE UNEMPLOYED POPULATION STRUCTURE ON THE LEVEL OF EMPLOYMENT EFFECTIVENESS. Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stietinensis, Oeconomica 2020, 353, 5 -16.
AMA StyleIwona Bąk, Katarzyna Wawrzyniak, Antoni Sobolewski, Lwowska 3/1 Stowarzyszenie Czas Przestrzeń Tożsamość. THE IMPACT OF THE UNEMPLOYED POPULATION STRUCTURE ON THE LEVEL OF EMPLOYMENT EFFECTIVENESS. Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stietinensis, Oeconomica. 2020; 353 (95):5-16.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIwona Bąk; Katarzyna Wawrzyniak; Antoni Sobolewski; Lwowska 3/1 Stowarzyszenie Czas Przestrzeń Tożsamość. 2020. "THE IMPACT OF THE UNEMPLOYED POPULATION STRUCTURE ON THE LEVEL OF EMPLOYMENT EFFECTIVENESS." Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stietinensis, Oeconomica 353, no. 95: 5-16.
Magdalena Zioło; Iwona Bąk; Katarzyna Cheba; Anna Spoz. Sustainable business models of enterprises - actual and declared activities for ensuring corporate sustainability. Procedia Computer Science 2020, 176, 1497 -1506.
AMA StyleMagdalena Zioło, Iwona Bąk, Katarzyna Cheba, Anna Spoz. Sustainable business models of enterprises - actual and declared activities for ensuring corporate sustainability. Procedia Computer Science. 2020; 176 ():1497-1506.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagdalena Zioło; Iwona Bąk; Katarzyna Cheba; Anna Spoz. 2020. "Sustainable business models of enterprises - actual and declared activities for ensuring corporate sustainability." Procedia Computer Science 176, no. : 1497-1506.
Iwona Bąk; Katarzyna Wawrzyniak. The use of regression trees in the study of dependencies between the employment efficiency index and the structure of the unemployed in county employment offices. Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu 2020, 64, 5 -19.
AMA StyleIwona Bąk, Katarzyna Wawrzyniak. The use of regression trees in the study of dependencies between the employment efficiency index and the structure of the unemployed in county employment offices. Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu. 2020; 64 (4):5-19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIwona Bąk; Katarzyna Wawrzyniak. 2020. "The use of regression trees in the study of dependencies between the employment efficiency index and the structure of the unemployed in county employment offices." Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu 64, no. 4: 5-19.
The main purpose of the paper is to present proposals for the study of relationships between the dimensions of sustainable development and other areas of the EU countries’ development: innovation and competitiveness both from theoretical and practical perspective. The first part presents the assumptions adopted by the authors, and the second the 2-stage research procedure. In the first stage, the relative taxonomic measure of development was calculated, while in the next one the correlation coefficients between considered dimensions and areas were calculated. According to the authors, in the studies of relationships between sustainable development and other considered areas, one should take into account all of the particular dimensions and areas creating the research phenomena.
Katarzyna Cheba; Iwona Bąk. Sustainable development and its relationships with other directions of the development of European Union countries. Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu 2020, 64, 29 -44.
AMA StyleKatarzyna Cheba, Iwona Bąk. Sustainable development and its relationships with other directions of the development of European Union countries. Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu. 2020; 64 (9):29-44.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatarzyna Cheba; Iwona Bąk. 2020. "Sustainable development and its relationships with other directions of the development of European Union countries." Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu 64, no. 9: 29-44.