Having high cytotoxicity cell line effect, Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume essential oil offers a novel approach to the chemotherapy treatment. In order to enhance its quantity/purity, the experimental conditions to produce essential oil should be more exploited. Steam distillation was used to isolate essential oil, and its conditions’ optimization was carried out with the surface-response methodology. The maximum amount (2.6 g/100 g d.b.) was obtained under minimum condensation water flow (0.8 mL/min), a sample size of 6.5 cm, a saline solution concentration of 262.5 g/L, and five washings. The produced essential oil contains >77% of polyphenols. In vitro cytotoxicity was examined using an MTT assay against HeLa and Raji cell lines. The essential oil’s capability to inhibit the proliferation of HeLa and Raji cell lines was studied under some conditions presenting IC₅₀ values of 0.13 and 0.57 μg/mL, respectively. The essential oil was evaluated for its potential as an antioxidant by using in vitro models, such as phosphomolybdenum, DPPH, and H₂O₂ methods, in comparison with the synthetic antioxidant BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) as positive controls. The ammonium phosphomolybdate potency in the present study is of the order of 108.75 ± 32.63 mg of essential oil/equivalent to 1 mg of vitamin C in terms of antioxidant power, and the antioxidant activity of DPPH-H₂O₂ was 21.3% and 55.2%, respectively. The Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume essential oil (CEO) covers important antioxidant and antiproliferative effects. This can be attributed to the presence of few minor and major phenolic compounds.

This study aimed to maximize biomass concentration, biomass productivity and biochemical composition of the marine microalga Tetraselmis sp. In the current study, Box-Behnken Design was used to model the effect of NaNO3, NaH2PO4, metals and vitamins in the F/2 medium on the growth, total chlorophylls, carotenoids and starch contents. The total chlorophylls content was quantified by spectrophotometry. The FT-IR spectroscopy was used to estimate the biochemical compositions of Tetraselmis sp. grown under both optimized medium culture for starch production and standard culture medium. Finalized NaNO3 (1.76 mM), NaH2PO4 (0.018 mM), metals (1500 μL.L−1) and vitamins (312.5 μL.L−1) concentrations, generated an increase in biomass concentration up to 5.72 g.L−1 which contributed to an increase about 2.4-fold than that of the standard conditions of biomass productivity (408.57 mg.L−1.day−1). The maximum value of carotenoids content (0.3 mg.g DW−1) was achieved at the highest level of all factors. The total chlorophylls content reached also its maximum (5.18 mg.g DW−1) at high nitrate (1.76 mM), phosphate (0.054 mM), metals and vitamins concentrations, while the maximum starch content (42% DW) was achieved with low nitrate and phosphate concentrations (0.58 mM and 0.027 mM) and with metals and vitamins limitations. Thus, the nitrogen, phosphorus, metals and vitamins limitations led to divert the metabolism for the starch biosynthesis. The high biomass concentration productivity and starch production make Tetraselmis sp. strain a good candidate for biotechnological applications.

In this work, a novel enhanced model of the thermophysical characteristics of hybrid nanofluid is introduced. An innovative kind of fluid called hybrid nanofluid has been engineered to increase the heat transfer rate of heat and performance of thermal system. A growing trend in scientific and industrial applications pushed researchers to establish mathematical models for non-Newtonian fluids. A parametric study on theheat transfer and fluid flow of a Williamson hybrid nanofluid based on AA7075-AA7072/Methanol overincessantly moving thin needle under the porosity, Lorentz force, and non-uniform heat rise/fallis performed. Due to similarity variables, the partial differential equations governing the studied configuration undergo appropriate transformation to be converted into ordinary differential equations. The rigorous built-in numerical solver in bvp4c MATLAB has been employed to determine the numerical solutions of the established non-linear ordinary differential equations. It is worthy to note that velocity declines for both AA7075/Methanol nanofluid and AA7075- AA7072/Methanol hybrid nanofluid, but highervelocitymagnitudes occur for theAA7075/Methanol whilethe Williamson fluid parameters increased. It is alsoconcluded that as the porosity parameter isincreased, the flow intensity decreases gradually. It is worthy to note that for both non-uniform heat-rise and fall parameters, the temperature of the fluid gets stronger. Mounting valuesof needle thickness parameter leads to reduction in fluid speed and temperature. It is noticedthat as volume fractions of both types of nanoparticles are augmented then fluidvelocity and temperature amplify rapidly. A Comparison of current and published results is performed to ensure the validity of the established numerical model.