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Prof. Krish Jayachandran
Institute of Environment, Earth and Environment Department, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA

Basic Info


Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Restoration Ecology
0 Wetlands soil characterization
0 Nutrient cycling and soil quality in wetland and upland systems
0 Microbial diversity and activity in surface and subsurface soils
0 Pesticide degradation, transport, and potential groundwater contamination

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Short Biography

Dr. Krish Jayachandran is Professor of environmental microbiology/soil science in the Department of Earth and Environment at Florida International University, Miami, FL. Dr. Jayachandran received his PhD in Plant Pathology with specialization in soil microbiology and soil science, from Kansas State University in 1991 and a master’s degree in agricultural microbiology in 1983 from Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India. Dr. Jayachandran’s current research focuses on biological control of invasive plant species in South Florida, biodegradation processes and mitigation potential for freshwater and marine toxins, mycorrhizal fungal interactions with tropical plants for conservation/restoration, and agroecology/sustainable agriculture. Using microbiology as a central tool, he is specialized in nutrient cycling and soil quality in wetland and upland systems, microbial diversity and activity in soils, pesticide degradation, transport, and potential groundwater contamination, isolation and characterization of pesticide degrading microorganisms, biocontrol of invasive plant species, bioenergy and microbial hydrogen production, marine and freshwater toxins and microbial degradation, and soil-plant-microbial interactions.

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Journal article
Published: 25 May 2021 in Sustainability
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Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important vegetable crop in Florida, a state located in the south-eastern region of the United States. The state is the second largest producer of tomatoes in the country and contributes to almost 90% of the domestic winter tomato supplies. However, tomato farmers in Florida have come under increasing pressure due to climate changes, foreign imports, and rising production costs. The purpose of this paper is to analyze whether Florida tomato growers will continue to sustain their production given the seasonal and geographic production advantage, yet against various internal and external threats emerging throughout the fresh produce supply chain. We developed our study on a multi-disciplinary conceptual model of network (supply chain) relationship and primary and secondary data gathered from various stakeholders and the literature. We found that Florida farmers have done remarkably well by adapting to warming temperatures and changing consumer expectations about environmental sustainability and responsible labor practices. However, foreign competition, labor shortage, the rising costs of inputs, extreme weather events (hurricanes), and pests and diseases due to humid climate continue to affect the sustainability of the Florida tomato production. Our paper suggests various farm-, market-, and institution-level adaptation mechanisms for preventing the regional production advantage of the Florida tomato industry from eroding. Newer immigration laws are necessary for easing the labor situation. In order to have a level playing field with respect to the use of protected agriculture technology such as in Mexico and Canada, U.S. farmers in general and Florida farmers in particular need government support. Florida farmers need to diversify their fresh produce market strategies, finding new product streams. There is also a need for reforming the product certification landscape, which some growers find cumbersome and cost prohibitive. Growers may gain from being better able to convey to consumers the information regarding their effort put into environmental sustainability, workers welfare, and safe food.

ACS Style

Saoli Chanda; Mahadev Bhat; Kateel Shetty; Krishnaswamy Jayachandran. Technology, Policy, and Market Adaptation Mechanisms for Sustainable Fresh Produce Industry: The Case of Tomato Production in Florida, USA. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5933 .

AMA Style

Saoli Chanda, Mahadev Bhat, Kateel Shetty, Krishnaswamy Jayachandran. Technology, Policy, and Market Adaptation Mechanisms for Sustainable Fresh Produce Industry: The Case of Tomato Production in Florida, USA. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):5933.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saoli Chanda; Mahadev Bhat; Kateel Shetty; Krishnaswamy Jayachandran. 2021. "Technology, Policy, and Market Adaptation Mechanisms for Sustainable Fresh Produce Industry: The Case of Tomato Production in Florida, USA." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 5933.

Journal article
Published: 09 April 2021 in Agronomy
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Application of biochars in agricultural soils has the potential to reduce groundwater contamination of atrazine, a widely used herbicide in the US, therefore sustaining environmental quality and reducing human health issues. This study was conducted to characterize biochars produced from six feedstocks and investigate their ability to remove and retain atrazine in an organic-rich soil. Australian pine (AP), Brazilian pepper (BP), coconut husk (CH), cypress (Cy), loblolly pine (L), and pecan shell (P) feedstocks were pyrolyzed at 350 °C and 500 °C. Adsorption and desorption behaviors of atrazine were explained using Freundlich isotherms. Higher pyrolysis temperature increased specific surface area (5 times), total pore volume (2.5 times), and aromaticity (1.4 times) of the biochars. CH feedstock produced the most effective biochars (CH350 and CH500), which adsorb 8–12% more atrazine than unamended soils. CH350 biochar performed the best (Kd ads = 13.80, KOC = 153.63, Kd des = 16.98) and had significantly higher (p < 0.05) adsorption than unamended soil, possibly resulting from its highest cation exchange capacity (16.32 cmol kg−1). The Kd des values for atrazine desorption were greater than the Kd ads for adsorption, indicating retention of a considerable amount of atrazine by the biochar-amended soils following desorption.

ACS Style

Shagufta Gaffar; Sanku Dattamudi; Amin Baboukani; Saoli Chanda; Jeffrey Novak; Donald Watts; Chunlei Wang; Krishnaswamy Jayachandran. Physiochemical Characterization of Biochars from Six Feedstocks and Their Effects on the Sorption of Atrazine in an Organic Soil. Agronomy 2021, 11, 716 .

AMA Style

Shagufta Gaffar, Sanku Dattamudi, Amin Baboukani, Saoli Chanda, Jeffrey Novak, Donald Watts, Chunlei Wang, Krishnaswamy Jayachandran. Physiochemical Characterization of Biochars from Six Feedstocks and Their Effects on the Sorption of Atrazine in an Organic Soil. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (4):716.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shagufta Gaffar; Sanku Dattamudi; Amin Baboukani; Saoli Chanda; Jeffrey Novak; Donald Watts; Chunlei Wang; Krishnaswamy Jayachandran. 2021. "Physiochemical Characterization of Biochars from Six Feedstocks and Their Effects on the Sorption of Atrazine in an Organic Soil." Agronomy 11, no. 4: 716.

Journal article
Published: 12 September 2019 in Agronomy
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Salinity is a major abiotic stress that can adversely affect plant growth, yield, other physiological parameters, and soil health. Salinity stress on biomass production of salt-sensitive crops, like snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), is a serious problem, and specifically in South Florida, USA, where saline soils can be found in major agricultural lands. Research studies focused on the ‘snap bean–Rhizobium–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)’ relationship under salinity stress are limited, and fewer studies have evaluated how this tripartite symbiosis affects glomalin production (GRSP), a glycoprotein released by AMF. A shade house experiment was conducted to elucidate the effects of three microbial inoculations (IC = inoculation control; IT1 = AMF and IT2 = AMF + Rhizobium) on three salinity treatments (SC = salinity control 0.6 dS m−1, S1 = 1.0 dS m−1, and S2 = 2.0 dS m−1) on snap bean growth and yield. Our results indicate that S2 reduced 20% bean biomass production, 11% plant height, 13% root weight, and 23% AMF root colonization. However, microbial inoculations increased 26% bean yield over different salinity treatments. Maximum salinity stress (S2) increased 6% and 18% GRSP production than S1 and SC, respectively, indicating the relative advantage of abiotic stress on AMF’s role in soil. Dual inoculation (IT2) demonstrated a beneficial role on all physiological parameters, biomass production, and GRSP synthesis compared to single inoculation (IT1) treatment with all three salinity levels.

ACS Style

Claudia Lyl Garcia; Sanku Dattamudi; Saoli Chanda; Krishnaswamy Jayachandran; Lyl Garcia. Effect of Salinity Stress and Microbial Inoculations on Glomalin Production and Plant Growth Parameters of Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Agronomy 2019, 9, 545 .

AMA Style

Claudia Lyl Garcia, Sanku Dattamudi, Saoli Chanda, Krishnaswamy Jayachandran, Lyl Garcia. Effect of Salinity Stress and Microbial Inoculations on Glomalin Production and Plant Growth Parameters of Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Agronomy. 2019; 9 (9):545.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Claudia Lyl Garcia; Sanku Dattamudi; Saoli Chanda; Krishnaswamy Jayachandran; Lyl Garcia. 2019. "Effect of Salinity Stress and Microbial Inoculations on Glomalin Production and Plant Growth Parameters of Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)." Agronomy 9, no. 9: 545.

Data article
Published: 27 June 2019 in Data in Brief
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Higher foliar nitrogen concentration in plants is often attributed to higher biomass assimilation and subsequently higher plant growth rate. To understand the underlying mechanism of extensive growth rate of an invasive plant, Old World climbing fern (Lygodium microphyllum), we analyzed the leaf tissue samples from the native and invaded habitats. In each habitat we selected 3 different locations with varying habitat characteristics (soil type, land use history and coexisting vegetation). Plant aboveground tissue collected from each site were analyzed for macro and micro nutrients. Total C and N were measured with a Truspec CN Analyzer. Total Ca, Fe, Mg, K, Mn, and P in plant tissue samples were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP -MS). Here we present the difference in foliar nutrient concentration of invasive plant species in their native habitats and invaded habitats.

ACS Style

Pushpa Soti; Matthew F. Purcell; Krish Jayachandran. Data on foliar nutrient concentration of invasive plants in the recipient habitat and their native habitat. Data in Brief 2019, 25, 104201 .

AMA Style

Pushpa Soti, Matthew F. Purcell, Krish Jayachandran. Data on foliar nutrient concentration of invasive plants in the recipient habitat and their native habitat. Data in Brief. 2019; 25 ():104201.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pushpa Soti; Matthew F. Purcell; Krish Jayachandran. 2019. "Data on foliar nutrient concentration of invasive plants in the recipient habitat and their native habitat." Data in Brief 25, no. : 104201.

Journal article
Published: 04 May 2019 in Agriculture
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Over-fertilization is a common practice in ornamental nursery production. Oftentimes, visual analysis is used to determine plant nutrient levels, leading to less accurate estimates of fertilizer application. This study focused on exploring the suitability of two non-destructive sensors, Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD-502) and GreenSeekerTM, for measuring plant tissue nutrient uptake. Florikan Top-Dress fertilizer 12N-6P-8K was applied to Justicia brandegeana in various increments (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g) to simulate plants with deficient to excessive nitrogen rates. Various parameters were recorded including Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and SPAD readings, soil leachate analysis (nitrates and phosphate), and total leaf carbon:nitrogen (C:N). The NDVI and SPAD readings were recorded biweekly for three months after the initial controlled release fertilizer (CRF) treatments. Leaf C:N was analyzed through dry combustion while nitrates and phosphate were determined from soil leachate. Results suggest that the smaller amount (20 g) of CRF is as effective in providing N to J. brandegeana as larger amounts (30, 40, 50 g). Implementation of this fertilizer regimen will result in reduced agricultural nutrient runoff and overall negative environmental impacts. Application of optical sensor technology using SPAD and GreenSeekerTM showed promising results in determining the fertilizer requirements of J. brandegeana. This method could serve as a guideline for nursery producers and landscape personnel as a fast and non-destructive tool for sustainable fertilizer management practices within the ornamental plant industry.

ACS Style

Ariel Freidenreich; Gabriel Barraza; Krishnaswamy Jayachandran; Amir Ali Khoddamzadeh. Precision Agriculture Application for Sustainable Nitrogen Management of Justicia brandegeana Using Optical Sensor Technology. Agriculture 2019, 9, 98 .

AMA Style

Ariel Freidenreich, Gabriel Barraza, Krishnaswamy Jayachandran, Amir Ali Khoddamzadeh. Precision Agriculture Application for Sustainable Nitrogen Management of Justicia brandegeana Using Optical Sensor Technology. Agriculture. 2019; 9 (5):98.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ariel Freidenreich; Gabriel Barraza; Krishnaswamy Jayachandran; Amir Ali Khoddamzadeh. 2019. "Precision Agriculture Application for Sustainable Nitrogen Management of Justicia brandegeana Using Optical Sensor Technology." Agriculture 9, no. 5: 98.

Book chapter
Published: 26 April 2016 in Sowing Seeds in the City
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As wild-caught fish landings plateau and the global population grows, aquaculture has emerged as the fastest-growing agricultural sector. In the context of urbanization, we present the challenges and opportunities surrounding fish farming in its various forms. Intensive, highly controlled recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) treat and recycle fish effluent to maximize fish yields while conserving water. As a subset of RAS, aquaponic systems further enhance water use efficiency and reduce waste by including a hydroponic component that produces marketable plant crops. We discuss details of aquaponic system design and operation and provide a pictorial guide to the aquaponic system at the Rutgers EcoComplex.

ACS Style

Miles Medina; Krish Jayachandran; Mahadev Bhat; David Specca. Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) and Aquaponics for Urban Food Production, with a Pictorial Guide to Aquaponics. Sowing Seeds in the City 2016, 293 -308.

AMA Style

Miles Medina, Krish Jayachandran, Mahadev Bhat, David Specca. Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) and Aquaponics for Urban Food Production, with a Pictorial Guide to Aquaponics. Sowing Seeds in the City. 2016; ():293-308.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Miles Medina; Krish Jayachandran; Mahadev Bhat; David Specca. 2016. "Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) and Aquaponics for Urban Food Production, with a Pictorial Guide to Aquaponics." Sowing Seeds in the City , no. : 293-308.

Journal article
Published: 18 November 2015 in Agriculture
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Objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different controlled release fertilizer technologies on nutrient leaching and plant growth parameters of two palm species, Chinese Fan (Livistona chinensis) and Queen (Syagrus romanzoffiana). We compared Nutri-Pak (12-4-12 controlled release packet) and Harrell’s (12-4-12 controlled release polymer coated urea) against Atlantic (8-4-12 controlled release polymer coated urea, coated sulfate of potash), the most commonly used palm fertilizer in South Florida. Plants were grown in 25 cm (11 L) pots under 70% shade, watered weekly, with pest and weed control done as required. Plant growth parameters: number of leaves, leaf length and width, and basal diameter, were measured every two months. Leachate was collected weekly after irrigation and a two-month composite sample was analyzed for nutrient concentrations. There was no difference in the growth parameters among the three fertilizers for Chinese Fan plants. However for Queen, Atlantic and Harrell’s had significantly thicker basal diameter than Nutri-Pak. Significant difference in the concentration of nutrients in the leachate was observed among the fertilizer types. Throughout the study period, Nutri-Pak had a lower concentration of nutrients in the leachate than Atlantic and Harrell’s. Our research indicates that Nutri-Pak control release fertilizer is comparable to other commercial fertilizers in Chinese Fan growth, but the larger Queen palms likely require an additional packet. Nutri-Pak fertilizer resulted in less nutrient leaching and could be a better environmental choice.

ACS Style

Pushpa Soti; Angie Fleurissaint; Stewart Reed; Krish Jayachandran. Effects of Control Release Fertilizers on Nutrient Leaching, Palm Growth and Production Cost. Agriculture 2015, 5, 1135 -1145.

AMA Style

Pushpa Soti, Angie Fleurissaint, Stewart Reed, Krish Jayachandran. Effects of Control Release Fertilizers on Nutrient Leaching, Palm Growth and Production Cost. Agriculture. 2015; 5 (4):1135-1145.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pushpa Soti; Angie Fleurissaint; Stewart Reed; Krish Jayachandran. 2015. "Effects of Control Release Fertilizers on Nutrient Leaching, Palm Growth and Production Cost." Agriculture 5, no. 4: 1135-1145.

Original paper
Published: 25 May 2011 in Biodegradation
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Presence of microcystin (MC), a predominant freshwater algal toxin and a suspected liver carcinogen, in Florida’s freshwaters poses serious health threat to humans and aquatic species. Being recalcitrant to conventional physical and chemical water treatment methods, biological methods of MC removal is widely researched. Water samples collected from five sites of Lake Okeechobee (LO) frequently exposed to toxic Microcystis blooms were used as inoculum for enrichment with microcystin LR (MC-LR) supplied as sole C and N source. After 20 days incubation, MC levels were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A bacterial consortium consisting of two isolates DC7 and DC8 from the Indian Prairie Canal sample showed over 74% toxin degradation at the end of day 20. Optimal temperature requirement for biodegradation was identified and phosphorus levels did not affect the MC biodegradation. Based on 16S rRNA sequence similarity the isolate DC8 was found to have a match with Microbacterium sp. and the DC7 isolate with Rhizobium gallicum (AY972457).

ACS Style

A. Ramani; K. Rein; K. G. Shetty; K. Jayachandran. Microbial degradation of microcystin in Florida’s freshwaters. Biodegradation 2011, 23, 35 -45.

AMA Style

A. Ramani, K. Rein, K. G. Shetty, K. Jayachandran. Microbial degradation of microcystin in Florida’s freshwaters. Biodegradation. 2011; 23 (1):35-45.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Ramani; K. Rein; K. G. Shetty; K. Jayachandran. 2011. "Microbial degradation of microcystin in Florida’s freshwaters." Biodegradation 23, no. 1: 35-45.