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Noshin Ilyas
Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

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Dr. Noshin Ilyas is working in the field of plant microbiology and plant physiology.

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Article
Published: 23 August 2021 in Journal of Plant Growth Regulation
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Plant-derived smoke (PDS) is an emerging area of interest for research in plant growth during stress conditions. Two wheat varieties (NARC 2011 and NARC 2009) were imbibed in different dilutions of PDS solution and were subjected to salinity (50 mM and 100 mM NaCl). Among all three concentrations (1:100, 1:250, and 1:500), the PDS solution 1:500 has shown improvement in germination, morphological, physiological, and biochemical attributes. It has shown an increase in germination percentage by 48.9% and 27.7% at 50 mM and 100 mM salinity, respectively. Similar results were observed among plant physiological attributes (i.e., relative water content, leaf water potential, leaf osmotic potential, membrane stability index, leaf chlorophyll contents, ionic contents) and biochemical parameters (i.e., proline contents, free amino acid, soluble sugar, protein contents). Among antioxidants enzyme assay, superoxide dismutase activity has shown a reduction of 14.02% and 10.5% at 50 mM and 100 mM NaCl, respectively, by application of PDS solution (1:500 conc.). Compound 1 isolated as a result of repeated column chromatography was light brown and its name [1,4-dihydroxybenzene (hydroquinone)] was confirmed by mass spectrometry. Results have shown that lower concentrations (10 ppm and 25 ppm) exhibited more stimulatory effects on seed germination. In light of our findings, it can be suggested that PDS has shown positive and stimulatory effects on wheat variety NARC 2011 under stress conditions. Moreover, it can be used as an alternative to phytohormones in the coming future.

ACS Style

Sumera Shabir; Noshin Ilyas; Saira Asif; Muhammad Iqbal; Sidra Kanwal; Zeshan Ali. Deciphering the Role of Plant-Derived Smoke Solution in Ameliorating Saline Stress and Improving Physiological, Biochemical, and Growth Responses of Wheat. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 2021, 1 -18.

AMA Style

Sumera Shabir, Noshin Ilyas, Saira Asif, Muhammad Iqbal, Sidra Kanwal, Zeshan Ali. Deciphering the Role of Plant-Derived Smoke Solution in Ameliorating Saline Stress and Improving Physiological, Biochemical, and Growth Responses of Wheat. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation. 2021; ():1-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sumera Shabir; Noshin Ilyas; Saira Asif; Muhammad Iqbal; Sidra Kanwal; Zeshan Ali. 2021. "Deciphering the Role of Plant-Derived Smoke Solution in Ameliorating Saline Stress and Improving Physiological, Biochemical, and Growth Responses of Wheat." Journal of Plant Growth Regulation , no. : 1-18.

Journal article
Published: 05 August 2021 in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Drought stress is reducing the production of crops globally. This research was designed to evaluate the role of titanium dioxide (TiO2 NPs) nanoparticles and calcium phosphate on wheat facing drought stress. TiO2 NPs were prepared by green synthesis and their characterization (by UV–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX)) was also done. The results showed that TiO2 NPs worked efficiently and improved plant growth under drought. However, the best results were obtained from combined applications of 40 ppm TiO2 NPs and 40 ppm calcium phosphate on plants. They increased root length (33%), shoot length (53%), fresh weight (48%), and dry weight (44%) of wheat as compared to control. The physiological parameters including chlorophyll content, relative water content, membrane stability index, and osmolyte content (proline and sugar) were also improved. The increase in superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and, catalase activity by the combined application of TiO2 NPs and calcium phosphate was 83% and 78%, 74% and 52%, 81%, and 67% in Pakistan-13 and Zincol-16 respectively, as compared to untreated drought exposed plants. They also enhanced the nutrients uptake (including potassium, phosphorus, and nitrogen) that ultimately improved plant biomass. They also maintained the level of growth hormones in plants. These hormones regulate cellular processes and are responsible for germination, development, and plant reaction in drought stress. The increase in the yield was also significant, hence it is recommended that the 40 ppm concentration of TiO2 NPs along with calcium phosphate improves the productivity of wheat under drought stress.

ACS Style

Hina Mustafa; Noshin Ilyas; Nosheen Akhtar; Naveed Iqbal Raja; Tayyaba Zainab; Tariq Shah; Ajaz Ahmad; Parvaiz Ahmad. Biosynthesis and characterization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and its effects along with calcium phosphate on physicochemical attributes of wheat under drought stress. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2021, 223, 112519 .

AMA Style

Hina Mustafa, Noshin Ilyas, Nosheen Akhtar, Naveed Iqbal Raja, Tayyaba Zainab, Tariq Shah, Ajaz Ahmad, Parvaiz Ahmad. Biosynthesis and characterization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and its effects along with calcium phosphate on physicochemical attributes of wheat under drought stress. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2021; 223 ():112519.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hina Mustafa; Noshin Ilyas; Nosheen Akhtar; Naveed Iqbal Raja; Tayyaba Zainab; Tariq Shah; Ajaz Ahmad; Parvaiz Ahmad. 2021. "Biosynthesis and characterization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and its effects along with calcium phosphate on physicochemical attributes of wheat under drought stress." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 223, no. : 112519.

Special issue article
Published: 09 July 2021 in Physiologia Plantarum
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The growth and persistence of rhizobacteria in soils are highly impacted by moisture stress. In this study, we report the first transcript analysis of four Pseudomonas strains (PS1, PS2, PS3, and PS4) isolated from the root-soil interface of rice and maize associated with different moisture levels during water deprivation. Filtered Pseudomonas sp. cells incubated at low (RH10%) and high (RH85%) relative humidity showed decreased survival of all Pseudomonas sp. at RH10% when compared with RH85%. RT-PCR showed differential expression of treS (trehalose synthase), rpoS (sigma factor), mucA (alginate regulatory gene), and fliM (flagellar motor switch protein gene) in response to exposure to RH10%. However, molecular fingerprinting and nutrient assimilation profile of Pseudomonas strains demonstrated genetic and physiological variation between the four strains irrespective of water regime and host. In vitro testing of these strains showed ACC deaminase activity and gibberellic acid, abscisic acid, indole acetic acid, and exopolysaccharide production. We determined that 50 μl of 1.2 × 103 CFU ml-1 of these Pseudomonas strains was enough to protect Arabidopsis plants against drought stress in a pot experiment. Inoculated plants increased their root colonization ability and biomass; however, PS2 showed higher survival (95%), relative water content (59%), chlorophyll (30%), glycine betaine (38%), proline (23%), and reduced MDA (43%) in shoots than irrigated control under induced water deprivation. It can be concluded that all Pseudomonas strains were effective in mitigating drought stress, however, PS2 appears to impart more resistance to drought than the other strains by upregulating key defense mechanisms.

ACS Style

Humaira Yasmin; Asghari Bano; Neil L. Wilson; Asia Nosheen; Rabia Naz; Muhammad Nadeem Hassan; Noshin Ilyas; Muhammad Hamzah Saleem; Ahmed Noureldeen; Parvaiz Ahmad; Ivan Kennedy. Drought‐tolerant Pseudomonas sp. showed differential expression of stress‐responsive genes and induced drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Physiologia Plantarum 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Humaira Yasmin, Asghari Bano, Neil L. Wilson, Asia Nosheen, Rabia Naz, Muhammad Nadeem Hassan, Noshin Ilyas, Muhammad Hamzah Saleem, Ahmed Noureldeen, Parvaiz Ahmad, Ivan Kennedy. Drought‐tolerant Pseudomonas sp. showed differential expression of stress‐responsive genes and induced drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Physiologia Plantarum. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Humaira Yasmin; Asghari Bano; Neil L. Wilson; Asia Nosheen; Rabia Naz; Muhammad Nadeem Hassan; Noshin Ilyas; Muhammad Hamzah Saleem; Ahmed Noureldeen; Parvaiz Ahmad; Ivan Kennedy. 2021. "Drought‐tolerant Pseudomonas sp. showed differential expression of stress‐responsive genes and induced drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana." Physiologia Plantarum , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 06 July 2021 in Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
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Avian colibacillosis caused by the zoonotic pathogen Escherichia coli is a common bacterial infection that causes major losses in the poultry sector. Extracts of different medicinal plants and antibiotics have been used against poultry bacterial pathogens. However, overuse of antibiotics and extracts against pathogenic strains leads to the proliferation of multi-drug resistant bacteria. Due to their environmentally friendly nature, nanotechnology and beneficial bacterial strains can be used as effective strategies against poultry infections. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) from Eucalyptus globulus leaves was carried out in this study. Their characterization was done by UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) which confirmed their synthesis, structure, and size. In vitro, antimicrobial activities of plant leaf extract, ZnO-NPs, and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were checked against E. coli using well diffusion as well as disc diffusion method. Results proved that the antimicrobial activity of ZnO-NPs and PGPR strains was more enhanced when compared to eucalyptus leaf extract at 36 h. The maximum relative inhibition shown by ZnO-NPs, PGPR strains and eucalyptus leaf extracts was 88%, 67% and 58%, respectively. The effectiveness of ZnO-NPs was also increased with an increase in particle dose and treatment time. The 90 mg/ml of ZnO-NPs was more effective. PGPR strains from all over the tested strains, Pseudomonas sp. (HY8N) exhibited a strong antagonism against the E. coli strain as compared to other PGPR strains used in this study. However, combined application of PGPR (Pseudomonas sp. (HY8N)) and ZnO-NPs augment antagonistic effects and showed maximum 69% antagonism. The study intends to investigate the binding affinity of ZnO-NPs with the suitable receptor of the bacterial pathogen by in silico methods. The binding site conformations showed that the ligand ZnO binds with conserved binding site of penicillin-binding protein 6 (PBP 6) receptor. According to the interactions, ZnO-NPs form the same interaction pattern with respect to other reported ligands, hence it can play a significant role in the inhibition of PBP 6. This research also found that combining ZnO-NPs with Pseudomonas sp. (HY8N) was a novel and effective technique for treating pathogenic bacteria, including multidrug-resistant bacteria.

ACS Style

Kainat Masood; Humaira Yasmin; Sidra Batool; Noshin Ilyas; Asia Nosheen; Rabia Naz; Naeem Khan; Muhammad Nadeem Hassan; Adil Aldhahrani; Fayez Althobaiti. A strategy for mitigating avian colibacillosis disease using plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 2021, 28, 4957 -4968.

AMA Style

Kainat Masood, Humaira Yasmin, Sidra Batool, Noshin Ilyas, Asia Nosheen, Rabia Naz, Naeem Khan, Muhammad Nadeem Hassan, Adil Aldhahrani, Fayez Althobaiti. A strategy for mitigating avian colibacillosis disease using plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021; 28 (9):4957-4968.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kainat Masood; Humaira Yasmin; Sidra Batool; Noshin Ilyas; Asia Nosheen; Rabia Naz; Naeem Khan; Muhammad Nadeem Hassan; Adil Aldhahrani; Fayez Althobaiti. 2021. "A strategy for mitigating avian colibacillosis disease using plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28, no. 9: 4957-4968.

Journal article
Published: 04 June 2021 in Plant Physiology and Biochemistry
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Drought tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can confer drought tolerance in plants, when inoculated, and this effect can be more pronounced by their combined application with silicon oxide nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs). In this research, drought-tolerant and plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial strains were isolated from the rhizospheric soil of wheat plants growing in the arid region of Pakistan. Out of 30 isolated strains, three rhizobacterial strains were selected based on their drought tolerance, higher phytohormones (indole acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), and cytokinin (CK), and osmolyte (proline and sugar) production ability. These strains were identified as Bacillus sp. Azospirillum lipoferum and Azospirillum brasilense by 16S rRNA sequencing and accession numbers (MT482404, MT742664, and MT 742666, respectively) were obtained. Inoculation of these strains, alone and in combination, improved the germination attributes of wheat seeds under drought stress conditions. However, the combination of all three bacterial strains gave the best results. SiO2 NPs were prepared from silicon dioxide and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-rays pattern (EDX), and UV–visible spectrum. The effect of SiO2 NPs was also tested on wheat seeds under drought stress and it was observed that SiO2 NPs (150 mg/L) create pronounced drought ameliorative potential in wheat seedlings. In the pot experiment, the combined application of SiO2 NPs and PGPR exhibited a synergistic role and improved the growth and yield of wheat. The interaction between SiO2 NPs and bacterial combination improved biomass (fresh and dry weight), and chlorophyll-a, b content by 138.78%, 65.70%, 128.57%, and 283.33% respectively as compared to untreated but drought exposed plants. They also improved relative water content (71.66%), gas exchange attributes, increased nutrients uptake, and osmolytes production of wheat. Up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes; superoxide dismutase (60.49%), peroxidase (55.99%), and catalase (81.69%) was also observed. This research work suggested that the application of SiO2 NPs and PGPR strains induced drought tolerance in wheat by modulating different physiological and metabolic processes in plants which ultimately improved the growth and yield of wheat under drought stress.

ACS Style

Nosheen Akhtar; Noshin Ilyas; Zia-Ur-Rahman Mashwani; Rifat Hayat; Humaira Yasmin; Ahmed Noureldeen; Parvaiz Ahmad. Synergistic Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and Silicon dioxide Nano-Particles for Amelioration of Drought Stress in Wheat. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2021, 166, 160 -176.

AMA Style

Nosheen Akhtar, Noshin Ilyas, Zia-Ur-Rahman Mashwani, Rifat Hayat, Humaira Yasmin, Ahmed Noureldeen, Parvaiz Ahmad. Synergistic Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and Silicon dioxide Nano-Particles for Amelioration of Drought Stress in Wheat. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 2021; 166 ():160-176.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nosheen Akhtar; Noshin Ilyas; Zia-Ur-Rahman Mashwani; Rifat Hayat; Humaira Yasmin; Ahmed Noureldeen; Parvaiz Ahmad. 2021. "Synergistic Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and Silicon dioxide Nano-Particles for Amelioration of Drought Stress in Wheat." Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 166, no. : 160-176.

Journal article
Published: 08 May 2021 in Agronomy
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Although wheat and maize are the major economically important cereal crops and staple food sources in the world, their productivity is highly affected by excess salts in soil (salinity). Applications of multifarious halophilic plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in saline soil protect the plants from osmotic damages and promote plant growth through the secretion of plant growth promoting (PGP) and osmolytes. In this study, Klebsiella variicola SURYA6—a PGPR—was evaluated for plant-growth-promotion and salinity amelioration in wheat and maize, and enrichment of soil nutrients. The results of the present study revealed that K. variicola SURYA6 grows luxuriously under high salinity stress conditions and produces copious amounts of three principal salinity ameliorating traits, such as 1 aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACCD), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), exopolysaccharides (EPS), and osmolytes—such as proline, sugars, proteins, and amino acids. The isolate also exhibited sensitivity to a wide range of antibiotics, lack of hemolytic ability, and absence of catalase and oxidase activities confirming its nonpathogenic nature. Inoculation of wheat and maize seeds with this multifarious strain, improved the physicochemical properties of soil, improved seed germination by 33.9% and 36.0%, root length by 111.0%, 35.1%, shoot height by 64.8% and 78.9%, and chlorophyll content by 68.4% and 66.7% in wheat and maize seedlings, respectively, at 45 days after sowing (DAS) under salinity stress. The improvement in plant growth can be correlated with the secretion of PGP traits and improved, uptake of minerals such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg). While amelioration of salinity can be the result of secretion of osmolytes and the change in pH from salinity to neutrality. This inoculation also significantly improved the soil nutrients under salinity stress conditions. Inoculation of K. variicola SURYA6, resulted in more improved growth and nutrients contents in plants and enriched soil nutrients under salinity stress as compared to normal (non-saline) conditions. Such multifarious strain can serve as a potent bio-inoculant for growth promotion of wheat and maize in saline soil. However, multi-year field trials under different agro-climatic conditions are required to confirm the bio-efficacy of K. variicola SURYA6.

ACS Style

Supriya Kusale; Yasmin Attar; R. Sayyed; Hesham El Enshasy; Siti Hanapi; Noshin Ilyas; Abdallah Elgorban; Ali Bahkali; Najat Marraiki. Inoculation of Klebsiella variicola Alleviated Salt Stress and Improved Growth and Nutrients in Wheat and Maize. Agronomy 2021, 11, 927 .

AMA Style

Supriya Kusale, Yasmin Attar, R. Sayyed, Hesham El Enshasy, Siti Hanapi, Noshin Ilyas, Abdallah Elgorban, Ali Bahkali, Najat Marraiki. Inoculation of Klebsiella variicola Alleviated Salt Stress and Improved Growth and Nutrients in Wheat and Maize. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (5):927.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Supriya Kusale; Yasmin Attar; R. Sayyed; Hesham El Enshasy; Siti Hanapi; Noshin Ilyas; Abdallah Elgorban; Ali Bahkali; Najat Marraiki. 2021. "Inoculation of Klebsiella variicola Alleviated Salt Stress and Improved Growth and Nutrients in Wheat and Maize." Agronomy 11, no. 5: 927.

Journal article
Published: 26 March 2021 in Molecules
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Bacteria that surround plant roots and exert beneficial effects on plant growth are known as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). In addition to the plant growth-promotion, PGPR also imparts resistance against salinity and oxidative stress and needs to be studied. Such PGPR can function as dynamic bioinoculants under salinity conditions. The present study reports the isolation of phytase positive multifarious Klebsiella variicola SURYA6 isolated from wheat rhizosphere in Kolhapur, India. The isolate produced various plant growth-promoting (PGP), salinity ameliorating, and antioxidant traits. It produced organic acid, yielded a higher phosphorous solubilization index (9.3), maximum phytase activity (376.67 ± 2.77 U/mL), and copious amounts of siderophore (79.0%). The isolate also produced salt ameliorating traits such as indole acetic acid (78.45 ± 1.9 µg/mL), 1 aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (0.991 M/mg/h), and exopolysaccharides (32.2 ± 1.2 g/L). In addition to these, the isolate also produced higher activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (13.86 IU/mg protein), catalase (0.053 IU/mg protein), and glutathione oxidase (22.12 µg/mg protein) at various salt levels. The isolate exhibited optimum growth and maximum secretion of these metabolites during the log-phase growth. It exhibited sensitivity to a wide range of antibiotics and did not produce hemolysis on blood agar, indicative of its non-pathogenic nature. The potential of K. variicola to produce copious amounts of various PGP, salt ameliorating, and antioxidant metabolites make it a potential bioinoculant for salinity stress management.

ACS Style

Supriya Kusale; Yasmin Attar; R. Sayyed; Roslinda Malek; Noshin Ilyas; Ni Suriani; Naeem Khan; Hesham El Enshasy. Production of Plant Beneficial and Antioxidants Metabolites by Klebsiellavariicola under Salinity Stress. Molecules 2021, 26, 1894 .

AMA Style

Supriya Kusale, Yasmin Attar, R. Sayyed, Roslinda Malek, Noshin Ilyas, Ni Suriani, Naeem Khan, Hesham El Enshasy. Production of Plant Beneficial and Antioxidants Metabolites by Klebsiellavariicola under Salinity Stress. Molecules. 2021; 26 (7):1894.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Supriya Kusale; Yasmin Attar; R. Sayyed; Roslinda Malek; Noshin Ilyas; Ni Suriani; Naeem Khan; Hesham El Enshasy. 2021. "Production of Plant Beneficial and Antioxidants Metabolites by Klebsiellavariicola under Salinity Stress." Molecules 26, no. 7: 1894.

Journal article
Published: 22 March 2021 in Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
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Crude oil contamination is a serious environmental threat to soil and plants growing in it. Biochar has the potential of biostimulation for remediation of crude oil-contaminated soil. Therefore, the current research was designed to analyze the bio-stimulatory impact of biochar for remediating the crude oil contaminated soil (10%, and 15%), and growth of maize under glasshouse conditions. Biochar was produced by pyrolysis of Australian pines at 350 °C. Soil incubations were done for 20 days. The results of soil analysis showed that the crude oil degradation efficiency of biochar was 34%. The soil enzymatic activities had shown 38.5% increase in fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis and 55.6% increase in dehydrogenase activity in soil incubated with biochar in comparison to control. The soil microbial diversity was improved to 41% in biochar treated soil with respect to untreated one, while microbial respiration rate had shown a 33.67% increase in soil incubated with biochar with respect to control under oil stress. Gas Chromatography Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis had shown the high content of low molecular weight hydrocarbons (C9-C13) in the soil incubated with biochar in comparison to untreated soil. Biochar showed a significant increase in fresh and dry biomass (25%, 14.61%), leaf area (10%), total chlorophyll (11%), water potential (21.6%), osmotic potential (21%), and membrane stability index (12.7%). Moreover, biochar treatment showed a higher increase in the contents of proline (29%), total amino acids (18%), soluble sugars (30.4%), and antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (16.5%), catalase (11%), and peroxidase (12%). Overall, the results of the present study suggest the bio-stimulating potential of biochar for degradation of hydrocarbons in crude oil contaminated soil and their growth-stimulating effects on maize.

ACS Style

Maimona Saeed; Noshin Ilyas; Krish Jayachandran; Shagufta Gaffar; Muhammad Arshad; Muhammad Sheeraz Ahmad; Fatima Bibi; Kaouthar Jeddi; Kamel Hessini. Biostimulation potential of biochar for remediating the crude oil contaminated soil and plant growth. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 2021, 28, 2667 -2676.

AMA Style

Maimona Saeed, Noshin Ilyas, Krish Jayachandran, Shagufta Gaffar, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Sheeraz Ahmad, Fatima Bibi, Kaouthar Jeddi, Kamel Hessini. Biostimulation potential of biochar for remediating the crude oil contaminated soil and plant growth. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021; 28 (5):2667-2676.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maimona Saeed; Noshin Ilyas; Krish Jayachandran; Shagufta Gaffar; Muhammad Arshad; Muhammad Sheeraz Ahmad; Fatima Bibi; Kaouthar Jeddi; Kamel Hessini. 2021. "Biostimulation potential of biochar for remediating the crude oil contaminated soil and plant growth." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28, no. 5: 2667-2676.

Journal article
Published: 12 March 2021 in Molecules
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Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) mediate heavy metal tolerance and improve phytoextraction potential in plants. The present research was conducted to find the potential of bacterial strains in improving the growth and phytoextraction abilities of Brassica nigra (L.) K. Koch. in chromium contaminated soil. In this study, a total of 15 bacterial strains were isolated from heavy metal polluted soil and were screened for their heavy metal tolerance and plant growth promotion potential. The most efficient strain was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and was identified as Bacillus cereus. The isolate also showed the potential to solubilize phosphate and synthesize siderophore, phytohormones (indole acetic acid, cytokinin, and abscisic acid), and osmolyte (proline and sugar) in chromium (Cr+3) supplemented medium. The results of the present study showed that chromium stress has negative effects on seed germination and plant growth in B. nigra while inoculation of B. cereus improved plant growth and reduced chromium toxicity. The increase in seed germination percentage, shoot length, and root length was 28.07%, 35.86%, 19.11% while the fresh and dry biomass of the plant increased by 48.00% and 62.16%, respectively, as compared to the uninoculated/control plants. The photosynthetic pigments were also improved by bacterial inoculation as compared to untreated stress-exposed plants, i.e., increase in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a + b, and carotenoid was d 25.94%, 10.65%, 20.35%, and 44.30%, respectively. Bacterial inoculation also resulted in osmotic adjustment (proline 8.76% and sugar 28.71%) and maintained the membrane stability (51.39%) which was also indicated by reduced malondialdehyde content (59.53% decrease). The antioxidant enzyme activities were also improved to 35.90% (superoxide dismutase), 59.61% (peroxide), and 33.33% (catalase) in inoculated stress-exposed plants as compared to the control plants. B. cereus inoculation also improved the uptake, bioaccumulation, and translocation of Cr in the plant. Data showed that B. cereus also increased Cr content in the root (2.71-fold) and shoot (4.01-fold), its bioaccumulation (2.71-fold in root and 4.03-fold in the shoot) and translocation (40%) was also high in B. nigra. The data revealed that B. cereus is a multifarious PGPR that efficiently tolerates heavy metal ions (Cr+3) and it can be used to enhance the growth and phytoextraction potential of B. nigra in heavy metal contaminated soil.

ACS Style

Nosheen Akhtar; Noshin Ilyas; Humaira Yasmin; R. Sayyed; Zuhair Hasnain; Elsayed A. Elsayed; Hesham El Enshasy. Role of Bacillus cereus in Improving the Growth and Phytoextractability of Brassica nigra (L.) K. Koch in Chromium Contaminated Soil. Molecules 2021, 26, 1569 .

AMA Style

Nosheen Akhtar, Noshin Ilyas, Humaira Yasmin, R. Sayyed, Zuhair Hasnain, Elsayed A. Elsayed, Hesham El Enshasy. Role of Bacillus cereus in Improving the Growth and Phytoextractability of Brassica nigra (L.) K. Koch in Chromium Contaminated Soil. Molecules. 2021; 26 (6):1569.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nosheen Akhtar; Noshin Ilyas; Humaira Yasmin; R. Sayyed; Zuhair Hasnain; Elsayed A. Elsayed; Hesham El Enshasy. 2021. "Role of Bacillus cereus in Improving the Growth and Phytoextractability of Brassica nigra (L.) K. Koch in Chromium Contaminated Soil." Molecules 26, no. 6: 1569.

Journal article
Published: 02 February 2021 in Scientific Reports
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Crude oil contamination is a serious environmental threat for soil and plants growing in it. This study provides the first experimental evidence for comparison of the efficacy of pyrochar (slow pyrolysis biochar), thermal desorption and their combined application for degradation of crude oil contaminated soil (0%, 10%, and 20%), and growth of lettuce under glasshouse conditions. Pyrochar was produced by pyrolysis of sawdust at 350 °C, whereas thermal desorption was done by soil pyrolysis at 500 °C. Soil incubations were done for 120 days. The results of soil analysis showed that the crude oil degradation efficiency for the combined application was highest (40%), whereas pyrochar and thermal desorption was 25% and 19.6%, respectively. The maximum degradation products of crude oil were manifested by the detection of low molecular weight hydrocarbons (ranged between 173 and 422) in the soil with combined application treatment using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. Crude oil contamination significantly reduced the germination and growth of the lettuce plants. Similarly, the combined application also improved plant growth by an increase of 24% in germination percentage, 35.5% in seedling vigor index, and 27% in promptness index under 20% crude oil contamination. Remediation caused a significant increase in fresh and dry biomass (40%), leaf area (30%), total chlorophyll (21%), water potential (23.6%), osmotic potential (27%), and membrane stability index (40%). Moreover, there was an increase in the contents of proline (32%), total amino acids (29%), soluble sugars (37%), proteins (27%), and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (19%), catalase (33%) and peroxidase (38%). This study confirmed the efficacy of pyrochar (slow pyrolysis biochar), thermal desorption, and their combined application for crude oil decontamination of soil at laboratory scale and also in improving soil usability by improved germination and growth of lettuce.

ACS Style

Noshin Ilyas; Uzma Shoukat; Maimona Saeed; Nosheen Akhtar; Humaira Yasmin; Wajiha Khan; Sumera Iqbal. Comparison of plant growth and remediation potential of pyrochar and thermal desorption for crude oil-contaminated soils. Scientific Reports 2021, 11, 1 -13.

AMA Style

Noshin Ilyas, Uzma Shoukat, Maimona Saeed, Nosheen Akhtar, Humaira Yasmin, Wajiha Khan, Sumera Iqbal. Comparison of plant growth and remediation potential of pyrochar and thermal desorption for crude oil-contaminated soils. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11 (1):1-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Noshin Ilyas; Uzma Shoukat; Maimona Saeed; Nosheen Akhtar; Humaira Yasmin; Wajiha Khan; Sumera Iqbal. 2021. "Comparison of plant growth and remediation potential of pyrochar and thermal desorption for crude oil-contaminated soils." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1: 1-13.

Special issue article
Published: 13 December 2020 in Physiologia Plantarum
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Research on plant growth‐promoting bacteria (PGPR) revealed an effective role of bacterial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in stress alleviation. Out of 15 PGPR strains, infection with VOCs from P. pseudoalcaligenes' resulted in maximum germination, growth promotion, and drought tolerance in maize plants. The VOCs of P. pseudoalcaligenes caused induced systemic tolerance in maize plants during 7 days of drought stress. The VOCs exposed plants displayed resistance to drought stress by reducing electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde content and increasing the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, proline, and phytohormones contents. Maize plants revealed enhanced resistance by showing higher activities of antioxidant defence enzymes both in shoots and roots under drought stress. Activities of antioxidant enzymes were more pronounced in shoots than roots. Gas chromatography and mass spectrophotometric (GC‐MS) analysis comparing VOCs produced by the most efficient P. pseudoalcaligenes strain and inefficient strains of Pseudomonas sp. grown in culture media revealed nine compounds that they had in common. However, dimethyl disulfide, 2,3‐butanediol, and 2‐pentylfuran were detected only in P. pseudoalcaligenes, indicating these compounds are potential candidates for drought stress induction. Further studies are needed to unravel the molecular mechanisms of VOCs mediated systemic drought tolerance in plants related to each identified VOC.

ACS Style

Humaira Yasmin; Urooj Rashid; Muhammad Nadeem Hassan; Asia Nosheen; Rabia Naz; Noshin Ilyas; Muhammad Sajjad; Ammar Azmat; Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni. Volatile organic compounds produced by Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes alleviated drought stress by modulating defense system in maize ( Zea mays L.). Physiologia Plantarum 2020, 172, 896 -911.

AMA Style

Humaira Yasmin, Urooj Rashid, Muhammad Nadeem Hassan, Asia Nosheen, Rabia Naz, Noshin Ilyas, Muhammad Sajjad, Ammar Azmat, Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni. Volatile organic compounds produced by Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes alleviated drought stress by modulating defense system in maize ( Zea mays L.). Physiologia Plantarum. 2020; 172 (2):896-911.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Humaira Yasmin; Urooj Rashid; Muhammad Nadeem Hassan; Asia Nosheen; Rabia Naz; Noshin Ilyas; Muhammad Sajjad; Ammar Azmat; Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni. 2020. "Volatile organic compounds produced by Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes alleviated drought stress by modulating defense system in maize ( Zea mays L.)." Physiologia Plantarum 172, no. 2: 896-911.

Journal article
Published: 27 October 2020 in PeerJ
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Drought stress hampers the growth and productivity of wheat crop worldwide. Thus far, different strategies have been proposed to improve drought tolerance in wheat but the combined application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria formulated bio-fertilizer (BF) and salicylic acid (SA) has not been thoroughly explored yet. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted to observe the effect of SA, BF, and their combination on wheat plants under optimal and drought stress conditions. Seeds priming was done with BF (107CFU mL−1). After 2 weeks of germination, SA (one mM) was applied as a foliar spray. Drought stress was applied by withholding water supply at three-leaf stage (30 d old plants) for the next 15 d until soil moisture dropped to 10%. Foliar application of SA increased the bacterial population of BF significantly compared to the sole application of BF under irrigated as well as drought stress conditions. Co-application of BF and foliar spray of SA induced drought tolerance in wheat plants by enhancing plant biomass, photosynthetic pigments, relative water content and osmolytes, and activities of the defense-related system. Plants treated with SA and BF together under drought stress had significantly increased leaf water status, Chl a, Chl b, and carotenoids synthesis by 238%, 125%, 167%, and 122%, respectively. Moreover, the co-application of SA and BF showed maximum SOD, POD, APX, and CAT activities by 165%, 85%, 156%, and 169% in the leaves while 153%, 86%, 116% and 200% in roots under drought stress. Similarly, the combined treatment exhibited a pronounced decrease in MDA content by 54% while increased production of proteins and proline by 145% and 149%, respectively. Our results showed that the co-application of SA and BF induced better drought tolerance as compared with the sole application of SA or BF. The results obtained herein suggest that combined application of BF and SA can be applied to the wheat crop to greatly improve drought tolerance in field conditions.

ACS Style

Ammar Azmat; Humaira Yasmin; Muhammad Nadeem Hassan; Asia Nosheen; Rabia Naz; Muhammad Sajjad; Noshin Ilyas; Malik Nadeem Akhtar. Co-application of bio-fertilizer and salicylic acid improves growth, photosynthetic pigments and stress tolerance in wheat under drought stress. PeerJ 2020, 8, e9960 .

AMA Style

Ammar Azmat, Humaira Yasmin, Muhammad Nadeem Hassan, Asia Nosheen, Rabia Naz, Muhammad Sajjad, Noshin Ilyas, Malik Nadeem Akhtar. Co-application of bio-fertilizer and salicylic acid improves growth, photosynthetic pigments and stress tolerance in wheat under drought stress. PeerJ. 2020; 8 ():e9960.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ammar Azmat; Humaira Yasmin; Muhammad Nadeem Hassan; Asia Nosheen; Rabia Naz; Muhammad Sajjad; Noshin Ilyas; Malik Nadeem Akhtar. 2020. "Co-application of bio-fertilizer and salicylic acid improves growth, photosynthetic pigments and stress tolerance in wheat under drought stress." PeerJ 8, no. : e9960.

Journal article
Published: 26 October 2020 in Sustainability
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This research was designed to elucidate the role of exopolysaccharides (EPS) producing bacterial strains for the amelioration of drought stress in wheat. Bacterial strains were isolated from a farmer’s field in the arid region of Pakistan. Out of 24 isolated stains, two bacterial strains, Bacillus subtilis (Accession No. MT742976) and Azospirillum brasilense (Accession No. MT742977) were selected, based on their ability to produce EPS and withstand drought stress. Both bacterial strains produced a good amount of EPS and osmolytes and exhibited drought tolerance individually, however, a combination of these strains produced higher amounts of EPS (sugar 6976 µg/g, 731.5 µg/g protein, and 1.1 mg/g uronic acid) and osmolytes (proline 4.4 µg/mg and sugar 79 µg/mg) and significantly changed the level of stress-induced phytohormones (61%, 49% and 30% decrease in Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), Gibberellic Acid (GA), and Cytokinin (CK)) respectively under stress, but an increase of 27.3% in Abscisic acid (ABA) concentration was observed. When inoculated, the combination of these strains improved seed germination, seedling vigor index, and promptness index by 18.2%, 23.7%, and 61.5% respectively under osmotic stress (20% polyethylene glycol, PEG6000). They also promoted plant growth in a pot experiment with an increase of 42.9%, 29.8%, and 33.7% in shoot length, root length, and leaf area, respectively. Physiological attributes of plants were also improved by bacterial inoculation showing an increase of 39.8%, 61.5%, and 45% in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid content respectively, as compared to control. Inoculations of bacterial strains also increased the production of osmolytes such asproline, amino acid, sugar, and protein by 30%, 23%, 68%, and 21.7% respectively. Co-inoculation of these strains enhanced the production of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 35.1%, catalase (CAT) by 77.4%, and peroxidase (POD) by 40.7%. Findings of the present research demonstrated that EPS, osmolyte, stress hormones, and antioxidant enzyme-producing bacterial strains impart drought tolerance in wheat and improve its growth, morphological attributes, physiological parameters, osmolytes production, and increase antioxidant enzymes.

ACS Style

Noshin Ilyas; Komal Mumtaz; Nosheen Akhtar; Humaira Yasmin; R. Sayyed; Wajiha Khan; Hesham Enshasy; Daniel Dailin; Elsayed Elsayed; Zeshan Ali. Exopolysaccharides Producing Bacteria for the Amelioration of Drought Stress in Wheat. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8876 .

AMA Style

Noshin Ilyas, Komal Mumtaz, Nosheen Akhtar, Humaira Yasmin, R. Sayyed, Wajiha Khan, Hesham Enshasy, Daniel Dailin, Elsayed Elsayed, Zeshan Ali. Exopolysaccharides Producing Bacteria for the Amelioration of Drought Stress in Wheat. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):8876.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Noshin Ilyas; Komal Mumtaz; Nosheen Akhtar; Humaira Yasmin; R. Sayyed; Wajiha Khan; Hesham Enshasy; Daniel Dailin; Elsayed Elsayed; Zeshan Ali. 2020. "Exopolysaccharides Producing Bacteria for the Amelioration of Drought Stress in Wheat." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 8876.

Special issue article
Published: 09 October 2020 in Physiologia Plantarum
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Drought stress is a major limitation in enhancing agricultural productivity in order to fulfill the food demand for the world's population. Fertigation of plants with a variety of biochemicals is being used to create drought resistance in wheat, however, the previous work has been limited in addressing? these issues in plants at different growth stages. Therefore, a greenhouse study was conducted to ameliorate the drought stress in two wheat varieties (Chakwal‐50 and Faisalabad‐2008) by foliar application of 24‐epibrassinolide (EBL). It was evident that drought stress had a negative effect on the growth, photosynthesis, and yield of wheat plants. EBL significantly enhanced the plant growth both under optimal and drought conditions. EBL improved the plant height, spike length and the dry weights of roots, shoots and grains as compared to control. Furthermore, the foliar application of EBL positively enhanced the osmolyte accumulation, increased the amounts of photosynthetic pigments, and improved the gas exchange parameters. The EBL minimized the oxidative stress by reducing electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide contents whereas it enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase under drought stress. The EBL significantly improved the level of stress hormones such as abscisic acid, indol acetic acid, and cytokinin under drought stress. The growth response of Chakwal‐50 was higher than that of Faisalabad‐2008 when exposed to EBL under drought stress. Overall, the EBL plays a major role in the enhancement of growth, biomass, yield, and decrease in oxidative damage in wheat under drought conditions, however; field investigations with different doses of EBL are needed before any further recommendation.

ACS Style

Imran Khan; Samrah Afzal Awan; Rizwana Ikram; Muhammad Rizwan; Nosheen Akhtar; Humaira Yasmin; Riyaz Z. Sayyed; Shafaqat Ali; Noshin Ilyas. Effects of 24‐epibrassinolide on plant growth, antioxidants defense system, and endogenous hormones in two wheat varieties under drought stress. Physiologia Plantarum 2020, 172, 696 -706.

AMA Style

Imran Khan, Samrah Afzal Awan, Rizwana Ikram, Muhammad Rizwan, Nosheen Akhtar, Humaira Yasmin, Riyaz Z. Sayyed, Shafaqat Ali, Noshin Ilyas. Effects of 24‐epibrassinolide on plant growth, antioxidants defense system, and endogenous hormones in two wheat varieties under drought stress. Physiologia Plantarum. 2020; 172 (2):696-706.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Imran Khan; Samrah Afzal Awan; Rizwana Ikram; Muhammad Rizwan; Nosheen Akhtar; Humaira Yasmin; Riyaz Z. Sayyed; Shafaqat Ali; Noshin Ilyas. 2020. "Effects of 24‐epibrassinolide on plant growth, antioxidants defense system, and endogenous hormones in two wheat varieties under drought stress." Physiologia Plantarum 172, no. 2: 696-706.

Journal article
Published: 24 August 2020 in Sustainability
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Controlling agricultural pests using suitable biocontrol agents has been considered the best strategy for sustainable agriculture. Charcoal rot caused by a necrotrophic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina is responsible for a 30–50% annual reduction in soybean yield worldwide. Little is known about the role of Bacillus clausii in reducing charcoal rot disease severity in the soybean crop. In this study, we investigated plant growth promoting and antagonistic potential of Pseudomonas putida (MT604992) and Bacillus clausii (MT604989) against charcoal rot disease incidence in soybean. Among twenty bacteria isolated from soil and water samples of two different hot springs of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, 80% were siderophore positive; 65% were hydrogen cyanide (HCN) positive; 55%, 30%, and 75% were phosphate, potassium, and zinc solubilizers, respectively. Based on higher antagonistic activities and plant growth promoting traits five strains were selected for in vitro screening. Out of all tested strains, Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus clausii showed a significant increase in germination, growth, and disease suppression in soybean. These strains produced a pronounced increase in relative water content, photosynthetic pigments, membrane stability, proline, antioxidant enzymes status, phytohormones content (Salicylic acid, and Jasmonic acid), and disease suppression in comparison to control plants. Bacillus clausii mitigated the disease by 97% with a marked increase in the proline content (73% and 89%), superoxide dismutase (356% and 208%), peroxidase (439% and 138.6%), catalase (255.8% and 80.8%), and ascorbate peroxidase (228% and 90%) activities in shoots and roots, respectively. Infected plants showed an increase in salicylic acid and jasmonic acid content which was further increased with the application of the selected strains to increase resistance against pathogens. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing a rise in salicylic acid and jasmonic acid in Macrophomina phaseolina infected plants. These two strains are suggested as a cost-effective, eco-friendly, and sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides. However, there is a need to explore the field testing and molecular mechanisms leading to disease suppression by these strains.

ACS Style

Humaira Yasmin; Rabia Naz; Asia Nosheen; Muhammad Hassan; Noshin Ilyas; Muhammad Sajjad; Seemab Anjum; Xiangkuo Gao; Zhide Geng. Identification of New Biocontrol Agent against Charcoal Rot Disease Caused by Macrophomina Phaseolina in Soybean (Glycine Max L.). Sustainability 2020, 12, 6856 .

AMA Style

Humaira Yasmin, Rabia Naz, Asia Nosheen, Muhammad Hassan, Noshin Ilyas, Muhammad Sajjad, Seemab Anjum, Xiangkuo Gao, Zhide Geng. Identification of New Biocontrol Agent against Charcoal Rot Disease Caused by Macrophomina Phaseolina in Soybean (Glycine Max L.). Sustainability. 2020; 12 (17):6856.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Humaira Yasmin; Rabia Naz; Asia Nosheen; Muhammad Hassan; Noshin Ilyas; Muhammad Sajjad; Seemab Anjum; Xiangkuo Gao; Zhide Geng. 2020. "Identification of New Biocontrol Agent against Charcoal Rot Disease Caused by Macrophomina Phaseolina in Soybean (Glycine Max L.)." Sustainability 12, no. 17: 6856.

Journal article
Published: 10 July 2020 in Agronomy
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Halo-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have the inherent potential to cope up with salinity. Thus, they can be used as an effective strategy in enhancing the productivity of saline agro-systems. In this study, a total of 50 isolates were screened from the rhizospheric soil of plants growing in the salt range of Pakistan. Out of these, four isolates were selected based on their salinity tolerance and plant growth promotion characters. These isolates (SR1. SR2, SR3, and SR4) were identified as Bacillus sp. (KF719179), Azospirillum brasilense (KJ194586), Azospirillum lipoferum (KJ434039), and Pseudomonas stutzeri (KJ685889) by 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. In vitro, these strains, in alone and in a consortium, showed better production of compatible solute and phytohormones, including indole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA), cytokinin (CK), and abscisic acid (ABA), in culture conditions under salt stress. When tested for inoculation, the consortium of all four strains showed the best results in terms of improved plant biomass and relative water content. Consortium-inoculated wheat plants showed tolerance by reduced electrolyte leakage and increased production of chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll, and osmolytes, including soluble sugar, proline, amino acids, and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase), upon exposure to salinity stress (150 mM NaCl). In conclusion, plant growth-promoting bacteria, isolated from salt-affected regions, have strong potential to mitigate the deleterious effects of salt stress in wheat crop, when inoculated. Therefore, this consortium can be used as potent inoculants for wheat crop under prevailing stress conditions.

ACS Style

Noshin Ilyas; Roomina Mazhar; Humaira Yasmin; Wajiha Khan; Sumera Iqbal; Hesham El Enshasy; Daniel Joe Dailin. Rhizobacteria Isolated from Saline Soil Induce Systemic Tolerance in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) against Salinity Stress. Agronomy 2020, 10, 989 .

AMA Style

Noshin Ilyas, Roomina Mazhar, Humaira Yasmin, Wajiha Khan, Sumera Iqbal, Hesham El Enshasy, Daniel Joe Dailin. Rhizobacteria Isolated from Saline Soil Induce Systemic Tolerance in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) against Salinity Stress. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (7):989.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Noshin Ilyas; Roomina Mazhar; Humaira Yasmin; Wajiha Khan; Sumera Iqbal; Hesham El Enshasy; Daniel Joe Dailin. 2020. "Rhizobacteria Isolated from Saline Soil Induce Systemic Tolerance in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) against Salinity Stress." Agronomy 10, no. 7: 989.

Original articles
Published: 26 December 2017 in Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis
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Salicylic acid and jasmonic acid play an important role in plants coping with abiotic stresses. An experiment was conducted to examine the effect of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid on wheat under drought. Seeds were primed with jasmonic acid (100µM) and salicylic acid (10 Mm). Water stress was applied by withholding water and each treatment was replicated three times with a factorial block design. Application of Salicylic acid and Jasmonic acid mitigated drought effects in wheat. Results revealed that 100µM Jasmonic acid was more effective than 10 mM SA. Drought decreased germination by 26%, whereas application of Jasmonic acid and Salicylic acid ameliorated stress with the increase of germination by 27% and 21%, respectively. An increase in the shoot length of 23% and 20% was observed with Jasmonic acid and Salicylic acid, under drought conditions. The increase in water potential was 60% and 47% with JA and SA while the increase in proline and soluble sugar was 14% and 25% respectively. The application of Jasmonic acid and Salicylic acid has a potential to enhance the growth of wheat plants under drought.

ACS Style

Noshin Ilyas; Robina Gull; Roomina Mazhar; Maimona Saeed; Sidra Kanwal; Sumera Shabir; Fatima Bibi. Influence of Salicylic Acid and Jasmonic Acid on Wheat Under Drought Stress. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 2017, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Noshin Ilyas, Robina Gull, Roomina Mazhar, Maimona Saeed, Sidra Kanwal, Sumera Shabir, Fatima Bibi. Influence of Salicylic Acid and Jasmonic Acid on Wheat Under Drought Stress. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 2017; ():1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Noshin Ilyas; Robina Gull; Roomina Mazhar; Maimona Saeed; Sidra Kanwal; Sumera Shabir; Fatima Bibi. 2017. "Influence of Salicylic Acid and Jasmonic Acid on Wheat Under Drought Stress." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis , no. : 1-9.

Original articles
Published: 13 November 2017 in Journal of Plant Nutrition
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Salinity is a major abiotic stress that affects crop production throughout the world. Biochar is an activated carbon soil conditioner that can alleviate the negative impacts of salinity. The research was conducted to evaluate the ameliorative effect of 1% and 2% of biochar application on wheat seed germination and growth attributes under salinity. Both levels of biochar improved the germination and growth conditions under salinity; however, 2% biochar level was more effective compared to 1% level. Root and shoot length increased up to 23% and11% with 2% biochar, respectively. The maximum increase of 16% and 10% in leaf water potential and osmotic potential was noted with 2% biochar at 150 mM salt. The decrease in proline content and soluble sugar at 2% biochar was 51% and 27%, respectively. Decrease in superoxide dismutase activity was 15.3% at 2% level of biochar under stress biochar mitigates the negative effects of salinity and improved wheat productivity.

ACS Style

Sidra Kanwal; Noshin Ilyas; Sumera Shabir; Maimona Saeed; Robina Gul; Maryum Zahoor; Nazima Batool; Roomina Mazhar. Application of biochar in mitigation of negative effects of salinity stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Plant Nutrition 2017, 41, 526 -538.

AMA Style

Sidra Kanwal, Noshin Ilyas, Sumera Shabir, Maimona Saeed, Robina Gul, Maryum Zahoor, Nazima Batool, Roomina Mazhar. Application of biochar in mitigation of negative effects of salinity stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Plant Nutrition. 2017; 41 (4):526-538.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sidra Kanwal; Noshin Ilyas; Sumera Shabir; Maimona Saeed; Robina Gul; Maryum Zahoor; Nazima Batool; Roomina Mazhar. 2017. "Application of biochar in mitigation of negative effects of salinity stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)." Journal of Plant Nutrition 41, no. 4: 526-538.

Journal article
Published: 07 December 2016 in Journal of Plant Nutrition
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Among various abiotic stresses, global drought reduces global growth and yield of wheat. Present research has been designed to ameliorate the adverse effects of drought stress on wheat by combined application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), compost, and mineral fertilizers. In this experiment, the role of fertilizer, compost, and PGPR inoculation to ameliorate drought stress was studied in two wheat varieties at vegetative stage. Water stress adversely affects morphology, physiology, and biochemistry of the wheat plant. Inoculated seed with compost and mineral fertilizer grown in drought condition showed 43% increase in relative water content (RWC) of 9.39% in Membrane Stability Index and 82.20% in chlorophyll as compared to control. Drought affected the accumulation of osmolytes, but PGPR in combination with compost and mineral fertilizer under drought stress triggered higher accumulation of soluble sugar and proline content, i.e., 28.96% and 73.91%, respectively. It is concluded from this research that PGPR in combination with compost and mineral fertilizer considerably reduces the effect of drought on wheat by enhancing the physiological (RWC, membrane stability, chlorophyll content, and water potential) and biochemical (proline and sugar) aspects of the plant.

ACS Style

Shadana Kanwal; Noshin Ilyas; Nazima Batool; Muhammad Arshad; Bashir Ahmad. Amelioration of drought stress in wheat by combined application of PGPR, compost, and mineral fertilizer. Journal of Plant Nutrition 2016, 40, 1250 -1260.

AMA Style

Shadana Kanwal, Noshin Ilyas, Nazima Batool, Muhammad Arshad, Bashir Ahmad. Amelioration of drought stress in wheat by combined application of PGPR, compost, and mineral fertilizer. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 2016; 40 (9):1250-1260.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shadana Kanwal; Noshin Ilyas; Nazima Batool; Muhammad Arshad; Bashir Ahmad. 2016. "Amelioration of drought stress in wheat by combined application of PGPR, compost, and mineral fertilizer." Journal of Plant Nutrition 40, no. 9: 1250-1260.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2016 in International Journal of Agriculture and Biology
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ACS Style

Roomina Mazhar; Noshin Ilyas; Maimona Saeed; Fatima Bibi; Nazima Batool. Biocontrol and Salinity Tolerance Potential of Azospirillum lipoferum and its Inoculation Effect in Wheat Crop. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 2016, 18, 494 -500.

AMA Style

Roomina Mazhar, Noshin Ilyas, Maimona Saeed, Fatima Bibi, Nazima Batool. Biocontrol and Salinity Tolerance Potential of Azospirillum lipoferum and its Inoculation Effect in Wheat Crop. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. 2016; 18 (3):494-500.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roomina Mazhar; Noshin Ilyas; Maimona Saeed; Fatima Bibi; Nazima Batool. 2016. "Biocontrol and Salinity Tolerance Potential of Azospirillum lipoferum and its Inoculation Effect in Wheat Crop." International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 18, no. 3: 494-500.