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Microalgal biomass is a valuable feedstock for biogas production, but the high protein content and the rigid cell wall are the main causes of disturbances in the methane fermentation process. In the paper, the influence of ultrasonic pretreatment of biomass of Chlorella vulgaris and Parachlorella kessleri, i.e. high-protein and rigid cell wall microalgal species, on their suitability for biogas production, was investigated. The ultrasonication effect was evaluated for the first time using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) of biomasses, and the fraction of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) isolated from the biomasses was analyzed. The results showed that the ultrasonic pretreatment of carbohydrate-rich biomass of P. kessleri caused a significant decrease in the content of structural complex carbohydrates and positive changes in the course of the methane fermentation process. On the contrary, the pretreatment of high-protein biomass of C. vulgaris negatively influenced its methane fermentation due to the aggregation of proteins and formation of a free NH2 group.
Marta Oleszek; Izabela Krzemińska. Biogas production from high-protein and rigid cell wall microalgal biomasses: Ultrasonication and FT-IR evaluation of pretreatment effects. Fuel 2021, 296, 120676 .
AMA StyleMarta Oleszek, Izabela Krzemińska. Biogas production from high-protein and rigid cell wall microalgal biomasses: Ultrasonication and FT-IR evaluation of pretreatment effects. Fuel. 2021; 296 ():120676.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Oleszek; Izabela Krzemińska. 2021. "Biogas production from high-protein and rigid cell wall microalgal biomasses: Ultrasonication and FT-IR evaluation of pretreatment effects." Fuel 296, no. : 120676.
The paper evaluates the relation between energy input (Ei) and output (Eo) of biogas production from six energy crops: maize, sorghum, sunflower, triticale, reed canary grass (RCG), and Virginia mallow (VM), cultivated in three different nitrogen fertilization levels. Furthermore, in the case of RCG, the impact of cutting system was examined. The results showed that raised N fertilization dose (in the range of 40–120 kg ha−1 and 80–160 kg ha−1, depending on the crops) increased biomass yield and methane productivity (MP) but simultaneously caused also the increase in Ei. Nonetheless, the application of higher N doses did not cause drastic decrease in energy use efficiency (EUE). The Ei was significantly lower for perennials than for annual crops. For this reason, EUE for RCG harvested in two cuts (5.0–5.2 GJ GJ−1) was close to EUE for maize (5.7–6.8 GJ GJ−1), despite the much lower MP (2027–2903 m3 ha−1 and 4409–5692 m3 ha−1, respectively) and Eo (73–105 GJ ha−1 and 159–205 GJ ha−1, respectively). Furthermore, the collection of RCG in more than two cuts turned out to be unjustified, due to increase in Ei and, simultaneously, decrease in MP.
Marta Oleszek; Mariusz Matyka. Energy Use Efficiency of Biogas Production Depended on Energy Crops, Nitrogen Fertilization Level, and Cutting System. BioEnergy Research 2020, 13, 1069 -1081.
AMA StyleMarta Oleszek, Mariusz Matyka. Energy Use Efficiency of Biogas Production Depended on Energy Crops, Nitrogen Fertilization Level, and Cutting System. BioEnergy Research. 2020; 13 (4):1069-1081.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Oleszek; Mariusz Matyka. 2020. "Energy Use Efficiency of Biogas Production Depended on Energy Crops, Nitrogen Fertilization Level, and Cutting System." BioEnergy Research 13, no. 4: 1069-1081.
Saponins belong to the group of plant glycosides widely distributed in more than 100 families of both wild and cultivated plants and in some marine organisms. They consist of the steroidal or triterpene hydrophobic aglycone and one to three sugar chains (hydrophilic part) attached by ester or ether linkage. Based on number of chains attached to the aglycone, they can be categorized as monodesmosides, bidesmosides, or tridesmosides. To this group of compounds, the glycoalkaloids are also included. Some saponins may contain in their structures (in aglycone part or in sugar chain) glucuronic acid, what makes them acidic. A big number of structurally divergent compounds have been described. Their structures and concertation can be different even in the organs (roots, rhizomes, stems, bark, leaves, seeds, and fruits) of the same plant species. Depending on the structure, they express different biological activities. Triterpenoid saponins can be found in many legumes (alfalfa, soybean, chickpeas, beans, peanuts, broad beans, kidney beans, and lentils), ginseng roots, sunflower seeds, horse chestnut, liquorice roots, spinach leaves, tea leaves, quillaja bark, quinoa seeds, sugar beet, or alliums species. Steroidal saponins can be found in oats, Yucca, tomato seeds, yam, fenugreek seeds, ginseng roots, asparagus, aubergine, or capsicum peppers. Glycoalkaloids are characteristic compounds mostly for Soalanaceae species. In general these compounds show no or little toxicity and do not seem to be of hazard for consumers. Depending on the structure, they express different biological activities. In general, saponins have been related to immunostimulatory, hypocholesterolemic, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic activities. The major feature of these compounds is their sterol affinity, which seem to be responsible for most of activities they express. When consumed they may provide different health benefits, out of which cholesterol reducing activity is most pronounced.
Marta Oleszek; Wieslaw Oleszek. Saponins in Food. Handbook of Dietary Phytochemicals 2019, 1 -40.
AMA StyleMarta Oleszek, Wieslaw Oleszek. Saponins in Food. Handbook of Dietary Phytochemicals. 2019; ():1-40.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Oleszek; Wieslaw Oleszek. 2019. "Saponins in Food." Handbook of Dietary Phytochemicals , no. : 1-40.
In recent years, there has been growing interest in the biomass of unicellular algae as a source of valuable metabolites. The main limitations in the commercial application of microbial biomass are associated with the costs of production thereof. Maize silage is one of the main substrates used in biogas plants in Europe. The effects of sterilized agricultural liquid digestate (LD) from methane fermentation of maize silage on the growth rates, macro and micronutrient removal efficiency, lipid content, and fatty acid profile in Auxenochlorella protothecoides were investigated. The results indicate that A. prothecoides can proliferate and accumulate lipids with simultaneous reduction of nutrients in the 1:20 diluted liquid digestate. The rate of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from the liquid digestate was 79.45% and 78.4%, respectively. Cells growing in diluted liquid digestate exhibited the maximum lipid content, i.e., 44.65%. The fatty acid profile of A. prothecoides shows a decrease in the content of linolenic acid by 20.87% and an increase in oleic acid by 32.16% in the LD, compared with the control. The liquid digestate changed the content of monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The cells of A. protothecoides growing in the liquid digestate were characterized by lower PUFA content and higher MUFA levels.
Izabela Krzemińska; Marta Oleszek; Dariusz Wiącek. Liquid Anaerobic Digestate as a Source of Nutrients for Lipid and Fatty Acid Accumulation by Auxenochlorella Protothecoides. Molecules 2019, 24, 3582 .
AMA StyleIzabela Krzemińska, Marta Oleszek, Dariusz Wiącek. Liquid Anaerobic Digestate as a Source of Nutrients for Lipid and Fatty Acid Accumulation by Auxenochlorella Protothecoides. Molecules. 2019; 24 (19):3582.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIzabela Krzemińska; Marta Oleszek; Dariusz Wiącek. 2019. "Liquid Anaerobic Digestate as a Source of Nutrients for Lipid and Fatty Acid Accumulation by Auxenochlorella Protothecoides." Molecules 24, no. 19: 3582.
Cellulose degradation is less known in the Ascomycota phylum, but it is important to recognize it because this process influences the most important biochemical cycle: the carbon cycle. Cellulose degradation is carried out by a complex enzyme: cellulase. Petriella setifera has recently been recognized as a producer of cellulolytic enzymes. In this work, it was shown, that the activity of cellulose-degrading enzymes, carbon source utilization and the gene expression of P. setifera were not determined by pre-culturing in different lignocellulosic wastes. Moreover, it was found that the presence of glucose and cellobiose could inhibit the activity and the expression of the cellobiohydrolase enzyme. β-glucosidase exhibits a higher activity in all of the analysed wastes and this behaviour can be explained as a mechanism for P. setifera to overcome cellobiose-glucose inhibition through the transglycosylation reaction. The significance of our research is to enable researchers to understand more thoroughly the cellulose degradation caused by soft rot fungus which belongs to the Ascomycota phylum. Our research is contributing to the understanding of cellulase activity and gene expression inhibition through the availability of a carbon source for P. setifera. Furthermore, it facilitates the acquisition of more information concerning the fungus P. setifera.
Giorgia Pertile; Jacek Panek; Karolina Oszust; Anna Siczek; Marta Oleszek; Agata Gryta; Magdalena Frąc. Effect of different organic waste on cellulose-degrading enzymes secreted by Petriella setifera in the presence of cellobiose and glucose. Cellulose 2019, 26, 7905 -7922.
AMA StyleGiorgia Pertile, Jacek Panek, Karolina Oszust, Anna Siczek, Marta Oleszek, Agata Gryta, Magdalena Frąc. Effect of different organic waste on cellulose-degrading enzymes secreted by Petriella setifera in the presence of cellobiose and glucose. Cellulose. 2019; 26 (13-14):7905-7922.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiorgia Pertile; Jacek Panek; Karolina Oszust; Anna Siczek; Marta Oleszek; Agata Gryta; Magdalena Frąc. 2019. "Effect of different organic waste on cellulose-degrading enzymes secreted by Petriella setifera in the presence of cellobiose and glucose." Cellulose 26, no. 13-14: 7905-7922.
The phytochemical constituents of apple waste were established as potential antifungal agents against four crops pathogens, specifically, Botrytis sp., Fusarium oxysporum, Petriella setifera, and Neosartorya fischeri. Crude, purified extracts and fractions of apple pomace were tested in vitro to evaluate their antifungal and antioxidant properties. The phytochemical constituents of the tested materials were mainly represented by phloridzin and quercetin derivatives, as well as previously undescribed in apples, monoterpene–pinnatifidanoside D. Its structure was confirmed by 1D- and 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analyses. The fraction containing quercetin pentosides possessed the highest antioxidant activity, while the strongest antifungal activity was exerted by a fraction containing phloridzin. Sugar moieties differentiated the antifungal activity of quercetin glycosides. Quercetin hexosides possessed stronger antifungal activity than quercetin pentosides.
Marta Oleszek; Łukasz Pecio; Solomiia Kozachok; Żaneta Lachowska-Filipiuk; Karolina Oszust; Magdalena Frąc. Phytochemicals of Apple Pomace as Prospect Bio-Fungicide Agents against Mycotoxigenic Fungal Species—In Vitro Experiments. Toxins 2019, 11, 361 .
AMA StyleMarta Oleszek, Łukasz Pecio, Solomiia Kozachok, Żaneta Lachowska-Filipiuk, Karolina Oszust, Magdalena Frąc. Phytochemicals of Apple Pomace as Prospect Bio-Fungicide Agents against Mycotoxigenic Fungal Species—In Vitro Experiments. Toxins. 2019; 11 (6):361.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Oleszek; Łukasz Pecio; Solomiia Kozachok; Żaneta Lachowska-Filipiuk; Karolina Oszust; Magdalena Frąc. 2019. "Phytochemicals of Apple Pomace as Prospect Bio-Fungicide Agents against Mycotoxigenic Fungal Species—In Vitro Experiments." Toxins 11, no. 6: 361.
The use of natural compounds derived from agricultural crops and other plants as health promoting chemicals gains tremendous growing interest in various industrial sectors as well as among people worldwide. These chemicals have been more and more employed by the food industry as food additives, functional food ingredients, nutraceuticals, by feedstuffs industry, but also by the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The general idea for this interest is to use natural products as potential alternatives to synthetic chemicals. On the other hand, some plants characterized by high yield and being used as energy crops also contained significant amount of bioactive compounds. This review focuses on the wide spectrum of the phytochemicals present in available biomass plants. It is supposed that extraction of bioactive chemicals from energy crops before their energetic use may increase economical effectiveness, providing simultaneously a double benefit in the form of phytochemicals and bioenergy as value added products. This remains in line with bioeconomy, which is defined by European Commission as “the production of renewable biological resources and the conversion of these resources and waste streams into value added products, such as food, feed, bio-based products and bioenergy”. However, the issue is still a challenging effort due to the high costs, technology readiness and regulatory hurdles.
Marta Oleszek; Iwona Kowalska; Wieslaw Oleszek. Phytochemicals in bioenergy crops. Phytochemistry Reviews 2019, 18, 893 -927.
AMA StyleMarta Oleszek, Iwona Kowalska, Wieslaw Oleszek. Phytochemicals in bioenergy crops. Phytochemistry Reviews. 2019; 18 (3):893-927.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Oleszek; Iwona Kowalska; Wieslaw Oleszek. 2019. "Phytochemicals in bioenergy crops." Phytochemistry Reviews 18, no. 3: 893-927.
The efficiency and kinetics of methane fermentation were evaluated for six energy crops when cultivated at three different nitrogen (N) fertilization levels, specifically, maize, sorghum, sunflower, triticale, reed canary grass (RCG), and Virginia mallow (VM). In the case of the perennials, RCG and VM, the impacts of individual swath and cutting frequency were examined. A new model for predicting the methane yield based on the substrate chemical composition was developed and validated. A raised N fertilization dose increased the biogas, methane yield, and the specific rate of their production. The highest increase in methane yield was observed in VM from 145 to 197 dm3 kg-1 of volatile solids (VS) due to a 15% rise in biodegradability. This resulted from a decrease in the lignin content and favorable changes in the lignin to structural carbohydrates ratio. Moreover, in the case of perennials, more efficient biogas production was observed for the biomass collected at an earlier stage. The results in this investigation are important for the production of high-quality biomass for biogas plants, without competition for arable land areas with food and feed production.
Marta Oleszek; Mariusz Matyka. Determination of the Efficiency and Kinetics of Biogas Production from Energy Crops through Nitrogen Fertilization Levels and Cutting Frequency. BioResources 2018, 13, 8505-8528 .
AMA StyleMarta Oleszek, Mariusz Matyka. Determination of the Efficiency and Kinetics of Biogas Production from Energy Crops through Nitrogen Fertilization Levels and Cutting Frequency. BioResources. 2018; 13 (4):8505-8528.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Oleszek; Mariusz Matyka. 2018. "Determination of the Efficiency and Kinetics of Biogas Production from Energy Crops through Nitrogen Fertilization Levels and Cutting Frequency." BioResources 13, no. 4: 8505-8528.
Extracts of Solidago virgaurea L. (European goldenrod), Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (lavender) and Arnica chamissonis Less. (arnica) were tested as potential additives for methane fermentation in bioreactors, as it was hypothesized that their antioxidant properties may improve biogas production efficiency. Hence, methane fermentation of maize silage with the addition of tested extracts was performed in eudiometers, and both the biogas volume and methane content in biogas were measured. In addition, antioxidant properties, such as reducing power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical-scavenging activity, were determined spectrophotometrically. The results showed that only the addition of a goldenrod crude extract caused a significant increase in biogas yield, despite the fact that it presented the lowest antioxidant activity of the three tested species. No significant differences in biogas yield were found between the other two additives and the control. Biogas production efficiency was not correlated with the antioxidant activity of the crude extracts. Hence, the increase in methane fermentation efficiency in the case of goldenrod supplementation might have resulted from some other non-antioxidant compounds occurring in this species.
Marta Oleszek; Solomiia Kozachok. Antioxidant activity of plant extracts and their effect on methane fermentation in bioreactors. International Agrophysics 2018, 32, 395 -401.
AMA StyleMarta Oleszek, Solomiia Kozachok. Antioxidant activity of plant extracts and their effect on methane fermentation in bioreactors. International Agrophysics. 2018; 32 (3):395-401.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Oleszek; Solomiia Kozachok. 2018. "Antioxidant activity of plant extracts and their effect on methane fermentation in bioreactors." International Agrophysics 32, no. 3: 395-401.
Although fungi that belong to Petriella genus are considered to be favorable agents in the process of microbial decomposition or as plant endophytes, they may simultaneously become plant pests. Hence, nutrition factors are supposed to play an important role. Therefore, it was hypothesized that Petriella setifera compost isolates, precultured on three different waste-based media containing oak sawdust, beet pulp (BP) and wheat bran (WB) will subsequently reveal different metabolic properties and shifts in genetic fingerprinting. In fact, the aim was to measure the influence of selected waste on the properties of P. setifera. The metabolic potential was evaluated by the ability of five P. setifera strains to decompose oak sawdust, BP and WB following the MT2 plate® method and the catabolic abilities of the fungus to utilize the carbon compounds located on filamentous fungi (FF) plates®. Genetic diversity was evaluated using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism analysis performed both on DNA sequences and on transcript-derived fragments. P. setifera isolates were found to be more suitable for decomposing waste materials rich in protein, N, P, K and easily accessible sugars (as found in WB and BP), than those rich in lignocellulose (oak sawdust). Surprisingly, among the different waste media, lignocellulose-rich sawdust-based culture chiefly triggered changes in the metabolic and genetic features of P. setifera. Most particularly, it contributed to improvements in the ability of the fungus to utilize waste-substrates in MT2 plate® and two times increase the ability to catabolize carbon compounds located in FF plates®. Expressive metabolic properties resulting from being grown in sawdust-based substrate were in accordance with differing genotype profiles but not transcriptome. Intraspecific differences among P. setifera isolates are described.
Karolina Oszust; Jacek Panek; Giorgia Pertile; Anna Siczek; Marta Oleszek; Magdalena Frąc. Metabolic and Genetic Properties of Petriella setifera Precultured on Waste. Frontiers in Microbiology 2018, 9, 115 .
AMA StyleKarolina Oszust, Jacek Panek, Giorgia Pertile, Anna Siczek, Marta Oleszek, Magdalena Frąc. Metabolic and Genetic Properties of Petriella setifera Precultured on Waste. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2018; 9 ():115.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarolina Oszust; Jacek Panek; Giorgia Pertile; Anna Siczek; Marta Oleszek; Magdalena Frąc. 2018. "Metabolic and Genetic Properties of Petriella setifera Precultured on Waste." Frontiers in Microbiology 9, no. : 115.
The influence of the nitrogen fertilization level was investigated relative to the chemical composition of lignocellulosic energy crops and their usefulness as a substrate for the purpose of biogas production. In the case of perennial crops, such as Virginia mallow (VM) and reed canary grass (RCG), the impacts of individual swath and cutting frequency were examined. The results showed that raised nitrogen fertilization improved the biomass quality. This was important for biogas production, primarily through decreased lignin content, and for an increased ratio of structural carbohydrates to lignin. It is believed that this tendency may facilitate the digestion of the tested substrate and increase the methane fermentation efficiency. Likewise, the swath of perennial crops differed significantly in terms of the analyzed properties, which also may have been reflected in the suitability of biomass as a feedstock for biogas plants.
Marta Oleszek; Mariusz Matyka. Nitrogen fertilization level and cutting affected lignocellulosic crops properties important for biogas production. BioResources 2017, 12, 1 .
AMA StyleMarta Oleszek, Mariusz Matyka. Nitrogen fertilization level and cutting affected lignocellulosic crops properties important for biogas production. BioResources. 2017; 12 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Oleszek; Mariusz Matyka. 2017. "Nitrogen fertilization level and cutting affected lignocellulosic crops properties important for biogas production." BioResources 12, no. 4: 1.
This paper analyses the suitability of common goldenrod plants as mono- and co-substrates for biogas production. Furthermore, the role of bioactive compounds included in the biomass of this plant species was investigated. The results showed that the common goldenrod species produced lower biogas and methane yields than maize silage. However, the methane fermentation of their mixture resulted in approximately 9.5% higher biogas yield and 16.6% higher methane yield compared to the theoretical yields estimated based on two mono-digestions. A statistically significant increase in biogas production efficiency resulted from more favorable C/N ratio and the influence of bioactive compounds contained in common goldenrod. The addition of goldenrod crude extract caused an approximately 30% increase in the biogas yield of maize silage. This effect may be associated with a positive impact of biologically active substances on microorganisms or with a decrease in redox potential of the fermenting mass.
Marta Oleszek; Izabela Krzemińska. Enhancement of Biogas Production by Co-Digestion of Maize Silage with Common Goldenrod Rich in Biologically Active Compounds. BioResources 2016, 12, 1 .
AMA StyleMarta Oleszek, Izabela Krzemińska. Enhancement of Biogas Production by Co-Digestion of Maize Silage with Common Goldenrod Rich in Biologically Active Compounds. BioResources. 2016; 12 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Oleszek; Izabela Krzemińska. 2016. "Enhancement of Biogas Production by Co-Digestion of Maize Silage with Common Goldenrod Rich in Biologically Active Compounds." BioResources 12, no. 1: 1.
This study evaluates the effect of different concentrations of glucose supplementation on growth, lipid accumulation, and the fatty acid profile in the Auxenochlorella protothecoides. Addition of glucose promoted the growth rate and decreased the chlorophyll content. Compared with photoautotrophic cells, an increase in the lipid content was observed in mixotrophic cells. The glucose addition induced changes in the fatty acid profile. Higher content of saturated fatty acids was found in the case of cells growing in the glucose-free medium. Oleic acid was the predominant component in mixotrophic cells supplemented with 5gL(-1) glucose, while linoleic acids dominated in cultures supplemented with both 1 and 3gL(-1) glucose. The use of glucose was associated with decreased levels of linolenic acid and PUFA. The changes in the fatty acid profile in mixotrophic cells are favourable for biodiesel production.
Izabela Krzemińska; Marta Oleszek. Glucose supplementation-induced changes in the Auxenochlorella protothecoides fatty acid composition suitable for biodiesel production. Bioresource Technology 2016, 218, 1294 -1297.
AMA StyleIzabela Krzemińska, Marta Oleszek. Glucose supplementation-induced changes in the Auxenochlorella protothecoides fatty acid composition suitable for biodiesel production. Bioresource Technology. 2016; 218 ():1294-1297.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIzabela Krzemińska; Marta Oleszek. 2016. "Glucose supplementation-induced changes in the Auxenochlorella protothecoides fatty acid composition suitable for biodiesel production." Bioresource Technology 218, no. : 1294-1297.
The article examines the possibility of using residues from greenhouse cucumber and tomato cultivation as biomass for energy and CO2 production in order to meet greenhouse needs. Methane fermentation and combustion were compared. Moreover, the legitimacy of ensiling as a storage method for biogas plant was evaluated. The tested waste was found to be an unsuitable feedstock for the production of silage due to low sugar and high protein content. Fresh waste had a higher biogas yield than silage; however, its fermentation lasted longer. Furthermore, the results showed that, in the case of fresh residues, the methane fermentation proved to be a more energy-efficient process, while air-dry biomass is a more sustainable feedstock for combustion. The energy and CO2 balance showed that, regardless of the method used, the available quantity of waste is too small to meet the greenhouse needs.
Marta Oleszek; Jerzy Tys; Dariusz Wiącek; Aleksandra Król; Jan Kuna. The Possibility of Meeting Greenhouse Energy and CO2 Demands Through Utilisation of Cucumber and Tomato Residues. BioEnergy Research 2016, 9, 624 -632.
AMA StyleMarta Oleszek, Jerzy Tys, Dariusz Wiącek, Aleksandra Król, Jan Kuna. The Possibility of Meeting Greenhouse Energy and CO2 Demands Through Utilisation of Cucumber and Tomato Residues. BioEnergy Research. 2016; 9 (2):624-632.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Oleszek; Jerzy Tys; Dariusz Wiącek; Aleksandra Król; Jan Kuna. 2016. "The Possibility of Meeting Greenhouse Energy and CO2 Demands Through Utilisation of Cucumber and Tomato Residues." BioEnergy Research 9, no. 2: 624-632.
The chemical composition and efficiency of biogas production in the methane fermentation process of silages of wild and cultivated varieties of reed canary grass were compared. An attempt was made to answer the question on how the habitat and the way of utilization of plants affect chemical composition and biogas yield. Physicochemical properties such as dry matter, organic dry matter, protein, fat, crude fiber fraction, macro- and microelements content were considered. The anaerobic digestion process and FTIR analysis were also carried out. The results showed that the two varieties differ essentially in their physical and chemical properties. The cultivated variety was characterized by higher biogas yield (406Ndm3kg−1 VS) than the wild one (120Ndm3kg−1 VS). This was probably related to the chemical composition of plants, especially the high content of indigestible crude fiber fractions and ash. These components could reduce biogas quantity and quality
Marta Oleszek; Aleksandra Król; Jerzy Tys; Mariusz Matyka; Mariusz Kulik. Comparison of biogas production from wild and cultivated varieties of reed canary grass. Bioresource Technology 2014, 156, 303 -306.
AMA StyleMarta Oleszek, Aleksandra Król, Jerzy Tys, Mariusz Matyka, Mariusz Kulik. Comparison of biogas production from wild and cultivated varieties of reed canary grass. Bioresource Technology. 2014; 156 ():303-306.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Oleszek; Aleksandra Król; Jerzy Tys; Mariusz Matyka; Mariusz Kulik. 2014. "Comparison of biogas production from wild and cultivated varieties of reed canary grass." Bioresource Technology 156, no. : 303-306.
Mariusz Kulik; Marta Oleszek; Antoni Lipiec; Marianna Warda; Tomasz Maria Gruszecki; Wiktor Bojar; Aleksandra Król. Total protein and macroelement content in selected psammophilous grassland species under free-range sheep grazing in Kózki Nature Reserve. Journal of Elementology 2012, 1 .
AMA StyleMariusz Kulik, Marta Oleszek, Antoni Lipiec, Marianna Warda, Tomasz Maria Gruszecki, Wiktor Bojar, Aleksandra Król. Total protein and macroelement content in selected psammophilous grassland species under free-range sheep grazing in Kózki Nature Reserve. Journal of Elementology. 2012; (1/2017):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariusz Kulik; Marta Oleszek; Antoni Lipiec; Marianna Warda; Tomasz Maria Gruszecki; Wiktor Bojar; Aleksandra Król. 2012. "Total protein and macroelement content in selected psammophilous grassland species under free-range sheep grazing in Kózki Nature Reserve." Journal of Elementology , no. 1/2017: 1.