The outbreak of the COVID-19 disease has gravely shaken the world economy. The economies of many countries have come under severe strain; Nigeria’s petroleum industry has been particularly affected. This has threatened the countries’ budgets and other essential needs involved in citizens’ welfare. The government is taking drastic measures to combat this scourge, with few results. This study adopts a doctrinal legal research approach and considers both the primary and secondary sources of law, such as judicial precedents, international conventions, and peer-reviewed journals. Legal theories were also applied as an academic lens for modelling the research. The justification for using the method was to establish the trustworthiness of the findings on the impacts of crude oil price shock on Nigeria’s economy, its legal and policy options. This study investigates the influences of oil price shock on the country’s economy and the legal remedies required to build economic resilience to mitigate future contingencies. The study argues that the provisions of the extant laws can be utilised as a preventive mechanism for tackling the impacts of oil price shock on Nigeria’s economy. The study recommends other remedial measures, such as diversification from oil and gas to non-oil sectors. The study designed a hybrid model for mitigating the influences of crude oil prices on the country’s extractive wealth. The study advocates for the need for an effective legal regime to shield the domestic economy from international oil price instability. The implications of the main results are that crude oil production and prices play a significant role in real growth enhancement. However, they exert a negative but unsustainable standard innovation on growth, which could be mitigated through appropriate legal and policy options. Nigeria needs stringent, transparent, and the best petroleum management practice laws to manage its petroleum sector’s revenues for sustainability.

This research elucidates the idea of eco-friendly concrete and highlights the benefits attainable from its effective practice towards sustainable construction materials. The design mix employed a water/cement ratio of 0.5, a concrete mix ratio of 1:2:4, varying percentages of 2.5 mm seashells, 4.75 mm river sand as fine aggregates, and granite 20 mm as coarse aggregates. Laboratory tests showed that the true slump was achieved for all mixes as a decrease in workability was observed with seashell additions. Compressive strength declined with increasing percentages of seashells at all curing ages (7, 14, and 28 days). No seashell-modified mix achieved the target strength for concrete grade 25. Nevertheless, the 10 and 20% seashell blends obtained strength requirements for concrete grade 20. The splitting tensile strength results indicated that 10–50% seashell-concrete blends yield acceptable splitting tensile strength after 28 days of curing. Correlation and regression analysis showed that compressive strength has a high negative correlation with seashell percentage and a significant correlation with splitting tensile strength. However, no significant correlation was seen between seashell percentage and splitting tensile strength. Models were further developed for predicting workability, splitting tensile strength, and compressive strength, with seashell percentage data. Green concrete production, which reutilizes waste seashells should be promoted, bearing in mind its environmental sustainability and economic prospects.

The circumstances of the SSA region regarding the inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) present a puzzle. In spite of the high rate of return on investment, the inflow of foreign investments keeps eluding the region, and the COVID-19 pandemic even perplexes the flow fragility the more. What factors then determine FDI flows aside from return on investment? Could there be more persuasive relative cost complexes? The study aimed at testing the effects of determining factors that influence FDI flows and their impact on economic development, considering the COVID-19 period. The study used cross-country pooled data from 30 SSA countries collected between 2001 and 2020. The study utilized five panel estimation techniques, namely Pooled Regression, Fixed Effect (FE), Random Effect (RE), Panel Two-Stage Least Square and Differenced Generalized Moments of Method (DGMM). The study found that the inflow of FDI has significant positive impact on economic development in the sub-Saharan African region. It is also ascertained that the outflow of FDI, and political stability has an inverse relationship with economic development. The study recommends that governments of host economies should hence ensure an enabling framework for their economies, so as to improve infrastructure, political stability, and institutional quality, in order to sufficiently encourage the inflow of FDI into the SSA region and make the environment inviting, sustainable, and beneficial for foreign investors and host economies alike.

Electricity Consumption, Public Agricultural Expenditure and Output in Nigeria: A Time Series Dynamic Approach

The Nigerian society has been infiltrated with poor public and private schools due to underfunding by government and intervention of private individuals who prioritize profit over qualitative education. The implication is on quality of human capital in the country which interconnect with social and economic development. The dataset examine how parents selects schools for their wards and investigated the influence of socio-economic status, school academic reputation, moral reputation of school and location of school. The data involve a multistage sampling technique and administered 250 questionnaires to parents. Structural Equation, Modelling was applied to test the influence of school academic performance, location, moral values and social economic status on parents’ choice of schools for their children and wards.