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Dr. Zofia Gródek-Szostak
Department of Economics and Enterprise Organization, Cracow University of Economics,

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Journal article
Published: 13 July 2021 in Energies
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In Poland, the development of photovoltaic (PV) installations is an important element in the development of the Renewable Energy Sources (RES) sector and supports the prosumer power industry. The purpose of the article is to present a case study of the PROSUMENT program. It analyzes the data available to date on the development of the PV market in Poland. Apart from the costs of installing the PV systems, the article analyzes the profitability of investment for different micro-power installation capacities. A calculation for micro-power installations subsidized under the PROSUMENT program for various PV capacities is presented, along with the actual amount of the subsidy. The adopted calculation methodology is a comparative verification analysis of the investment cost estimate for a for the two studied PV facilities, i.e., Micro-power installation 1 and Micro-power installation 2. The building’s annual energy demand was adopted at the same level for both examples, with fixed active energy and distribution fees. The study includes a cost estimate for installing the PV systems and the profitability of the investments for various micro-power installation capacities. The analysis of the subsidy under the PROSUMENT program demonstrated that, in the analyzed period of 2016–2020, the best results were achieved by investments with a capacity of 10 kWp. In terms of the net subsidy value, the best results ranged between 27.20 and 19.10% of the total investment costs. Development of the Polish prosumer power market requires building public awareness of prosumer power production as an opportunity for the growth of the Polish economy.

ACS Style

Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Marcin Suder; Maciej Kuboń; Tomasz Borkowski; Gabriela Malik. Solar Power: Stellar Profit or Astronomic Cost? A Case Study of Photovoltaic Installations under Poland’s National Prosumer Policy in 2016–2020. Energies 2021, 14, 4233 .

AMA Style

Anna Szeląg-Sikora, Jakub Sikora, Marcin Niemiec, Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Marcin Suder, Maciej Kuboń, Tomasz Borkowski, Gabriela Malik. Solar Power: Stellar Profit or Astronomic Cost? A Case Study of Photovoltaic Installations under Poland’s National Prosumer Policy in 2016–2020. Energies. 2021; 14 (14):4233.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Marcin Suder; Maciej Kuboń; Tomasz Borkowski; Gabriela Malik. 2021. "Solar Power: Stellar Profit or Astronomic Cost? A Case Study of Photovoltaic Installations under Poland’s National Prosumer Policy in 2016–2020." Energies 14, no. 14: 4233.

Journal article
Published: 13 June 2021 in Molecules
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Natural products have always enjoyed great popularity among consumers. Wild tea is an interesting alternative to tea from intensive plantations. The term “wild tea” is applied to many different varieties of tea, the most desirable and valued of which are native or indigenous tea plants. Special pro-health properties of wild tea are attributed to the natural conditions in which it grows. However, there are no complex studies that describe quality and health indicators of wild tea. The aim of this research was to evaluate the quality of wild and cultivated green tea from different regions of China: Wuzhishan, Baisha, Kunlushan, and Pu’Er. The assessment was carried out by verifying the concentration of selected chemical components in tea and relating it to the health risks they may pose, as well as to the nutritional requirements of adults. Wild tea was characterized by higher micronutrient concentration. The analyzed teas can constitute a valuable source of Mn in the diet. A higher concentration of nitrates and oxalates in cultivated tea can be associated with fertilizer use. The analyzed cultivated tea was a better source of antioxidants with a higher concentration of caffeine. There were no indications of health risks for wild or cultivated teas.

ACS Style

Maciej Chowaniak; Marcin Niemiec; Zhiqiang Zhu; Naim Rashidov; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Jakub Sikora; Maciej Kuboń; Salimzoda Fayzullo; Usmon Mahmadyorzoda; Agnieszka Józefowska; Andrzej Lepiarczyk; Florian Gambuś. Quality Assessment of Wild and Cultivated Green Tea from Different Regions of China. Molecules 2021, 26, 3620 .

AMA Style

Maciej Chowaniak, Marcin Niemiec, Zhiqiang Zhu, Naim Rashidov, Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Anna Szeląg-Sikora, Jakub Sikora, Maciej Kuboń, Salimzoda Fayzullo, Usmon Mahmadyorzoda, Agnieszka Józefowska, Andrzej Lepiarczyk, Florian Gambuś. Quality Assessment of Wild and Cultivated Green Tea from Different Regions of China. Molecules. 2021; 26 (12):3620.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maciej Chowaniak; Marcin Niemiec; Zhiqiang Zhu; Naim Rashidov; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Jakub Sikora; Maciej Kuboń; Salimzoda Fayzullo; Usmon Mahmadyorzoda; Agnieszka Józefowska; Andrzej Lepiarczyk; Florian Gambuś. 2021. "Quality Assessment of Wild and Cultivated Green Tea from Different Regions of China." Molecules 26, no. 12: 3620.

Journal article
Published: 26 March 2021 in Energies
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Amidst the changes and adjustments of the international energy situation, the leading trend is to shift from fossil fuels to low-carbon fuels, and ultimately, to enter the era of sustainable energy, based mainly on renewable energy. The ongoing changes in global security of energy supply and the high volatility of fossil energy prices also stimulate investment in alternative energy sources, making renewable energy sources (RES) one of the rapidly growing elements in the global energy system. This article fills the research gap by analyzing the potential of using renewable energy in the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in the years 2015–2018. The authors address the energy potential in the years 2015–2019, and energy consumption in the years 2015–2018 as the potential of RES in the CIS countries was not researched after 2014. Please note that the study covers the CIS countries, along with Georgia and Ukraine, which are no longer formal members of the Community, but have been included for cognitive and comparative purposes. Upon comparing the increase in energy production in the CIS countries to the average increase for the European Union (EU) countries, the value of this increase is observably higher than the average for the EU countries only in Ukraine. However, the average for the entire CIS is much lower than the EU average, therefore in CIS countries, the changes in the volume of RES energy production are varied. In some countries, there is a significant increase in the production of this type of energy (e.g., Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Georgia). However, there are also countries in which the changes are negligible, or which noted significant drops in RES energy production (Uzbekistan, Moldova, Russia, Armenia). The findings contribute to the RES market debate and the international relations theory by comparing political factors with territorial and economic factors.

ACS Style

Maciej Chowaniak; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Karolina Kotulewicz-Wisińska; Małgorzata Luc; Marcin Suder; Anna Szeląg-Sikora. The RES in the Countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States: Potential and Production from 2015 to 2019. Energies 2021, 14, 1856 .

AMA Style

Maciej Chowaniak, Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Karolina Kotulewicz-Wisińska, Małgorzata Luc, Marcin Suder, Anna Szeląg-Sikora. The RES in the Countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States: Potential and Production from 2015 to 2019. Energies. 2021; 14 (7):1856.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maciej Chowaniak; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Karolina Kotulewicz-Wisińska; Małgorzata Luc; Marcin Suder; Anna Szeląg-Sikora. 2021. "The RES in the Countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States: Potential and Production from 2015 to 2019." Energies 14, no. 7: 1856.

Journal article
Published: 05 December 2020 in Energies
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In the renewable energy source (RES) market, which is highly atomized, business events play an important role in supporting inter-organizational cooperation. The aim of this paper was to examine the impact of three characteristics of the events, namely, the location of the event, type of event (brokerage event versus company mission), and type of leading partner (public versus private), on the effectiveness of the business events (expressed by the number of meetings during an event and the number of partnerships initiated as a result of these meetings). We analyzed 304 promotional events organized in the European RES market. We employed basic statistical tests to verify our hypotheses. Our findings suggest that (1) the numbers of meetings and partnerships differ depending on the event’s location (country and region of Europe), (2) the type of the event (brokerage event versus company mission) affects the numbers of meetings and partnerships (in particular, during brokerage events (BEs), significantly more meetings take place than during company meetings (CMs)), and (3) the type of an event’s leading partner (public versus private) has no impact on the numbers of meetings and partnerships. With its findings, this paper contributes to RES market development and the theory of inter-organizational relations. It presents meaningful implications and recommendations for enterprises, business networks, and event managers operating in RES markets.

ACS Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Marcin Suder; Rafał Kusa; Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec. Effectiveness of Instruments Supporting Inter-Organizational Cooperation in the RES Market in Europe. Case Study of Enterprise Europe Network. Energies 2020, 13, 6443 .

AMA Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Marcin Suder, Rafał Kusa, Jakub Sikora, Marcin Niemiec. Effectiveness of Instruments Supporting Inter-Organizational Cooperation in the RES Market in Europe. Case Study of Enterprise Europe Network. Energies. 2020; 13 (23):6443.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Marcin Suder; Rafał Kusa; Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec. 2020. "Effectiveness of Instruments Supporting Inter-Organizational Cooperation in the RES Market in Europe. Case Study of Enterprise Europe Network." Energies 13, no. 23: 6443.

Journal article
Published: 20 November 2020 in Sustainability
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The main goal of public intervention is to amend market imperfections. However, public agencies may also have other goals in supporting entrepreneurship and promotion of self-employment. The aim of the paper is to analyze the impact of the funding granted by the Małopolska Agency for Regional Development (Małopolska Agencja Rozwoju Regionalnego SA, MARR S.A.) dedicated to beneficiaries from the Tarnow subregion and the Krakow Metropolitan Area. The research goals were defined as follows: (1) To verify if the basic assumptions of the program are correct and to demonstrate that it is an important element motivating the professionally inactive to take up employment as sole entrepreneur. (2) To verify if the program participant structure (both applicants and beneficiaries), with subdivision into place of residence, gender, age and the labor market status, is correct. (3) To verify if the abovementioned variables (gender, age, place of residence) significantly differentiate the applicants’ chance of obtaining a grant. The results are of key importance and should be used in formulating assumptions, regulations and guidelines for subsequent program editions. Due to the demonstrated diversity of the target group in the respective regions, it should be decided whether to differentiate the criteria for participation in the project depending on the region.

ACS Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Marcin Suder; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Luis Ochoa Siguencia. The “Dobry Czas Na Biznes” (“Good Time for Business”) Program as a Form of Support for Self-Employment in Poland. A Case Study of the Sub-Regions of the Małopolskie Province. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9688 .

AMA Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Marcin Suder, Anna Szeląg-Sikora, Luis Ochoa Siguencia. The “Dobry Czas Na Biznes” (“Good Time for Business”) Program as a Form of Support for Self-Employment in Poland. A Case Study of the Sub-Regions of the Małopolskie Province. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9688.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Marcin Suder; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Luis Ochoa Siguencia. 2020. "The “Dobry Czas Na Biznes” (“Good Time for Business”) Program as a Form of Support for Self-Employment in Poland. A Case Study of the Sub-Regions of the Małopolskie Province." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9688.

Journal article
Published: 03 November 2020 in Energies
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Stable and sustainable economic development—including that of renewable energy resources (RES)—requires institutional support of an environment that would enable market operations, and support them in case they are ineffective. Innovation brokers, including structured technology transfer networks, play a key role in promoting, disseminating, and liaising between the parties in the RES sector. The aim of the paper is to present the structure of events used to promote RES in Europe by the Enterprise Europe Network in the years 2017–2018; to verify whether the type of promotion instrument used is significantly related to the location of the events organized; to research whether the selection of the supporting partner is determined by the organized event’s geographical location. The analysis is carried out by means of an empirical study of the network of innovation brokers, i.e., the Enterprise Europe Network. Additionally, the available data are analyzed in terms of the type of the partner supporting individual events. It has been shown that there is a significant variation in the structure of the types of events for individual regions of Europe. This could mean that the organizers’ decisions as to the type of events organized in particular regions of Europe are deliberate and in some way adjusted to the region in which they take place.

ACS Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Marcin Suder; Rafał Kusa; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Joanna Duda; Marcin Niemiec. Renewable Energy Promotion Instruments Used by Innovation Brokers in a Technology Transfer Network. Case Study of the Enterprise Europe Network. Energies 2020, 13, 5752 .

AMA Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Marcin Suder, Rafał Kusa, Anna Szeląg-Sikora, Joanna Duda, Marcin Niemiec. Renewable Energy Promotion Instruments Used by Innovation Brokers in a Technology Transfer Network. Case Study of the Enterprise Europe Network. Energies. 2020; 13 (21):5752.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Marcin Suder; Rafał Kusa; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Joanna Duda; Marcin Niemiec. 2020. "Renewable Energy Promotion Instruments Used by Innovation Brokers in a Technology Transfer Network. Case Study of the Enterprise Europe Network." Energies 13, no. 21: 5752.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2020 in Energies
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The promotion of renewable energy is a key concept in the European Union for both environmental and economic reasons. It contributes to securing the objectives set out in the Kyoto Protocol. In addition, it brings various social and economic benefits, e.g., diversification of the energy offer, new jobs, improvement of regional and local development opportunities and building a solid national industry. The main purpose of the article is to contribute to the debate on the instruments promoting renewable energy sources (RES) by emphasizing its importance within the technology transfer network. The subject is an empirical study of an actual technology transfer network. Its international activity promotes RES among entrepreneurs. Data related to meetings as part of brokerage events (BE) and company missions (CM) were subject to statistical and visual analysis, based on the data obtained from the Enterprise Europe Network from the years 2017–2018. The presented results are the foundation for future theoretical and practical studies. One of the important aspects to be examined is the intensity of cooperation launched during CM and BE. It is related to the results of partnership agreements and the importance of increasing the knowledge flow and creating opportunities for partners to acquire foreign technologies.

ACS Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Małgorzata Luc; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Luis Ochoa Siguencia; Emil Velinov. Promotion of RES in a Technology Transfer Network. Case Study of the Enterprise Europe Network. Energies 2020, 13, 3445 .

AMA Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Małgorzata Luc, Anna Szeląg-Sikora, Jakub Sikora, Marcin Niemiec, Luis Ochoa Siguencia, Emil Velinov. Promotion of RES in a Technology Transfer Network. Case Study of the Enterprise Europe Network. Energies. 2020; 13 (13):3445.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Małgorzata Luc; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Luis Ochoa Siguencia; Emil Velinov. 2020. "Promotion of RES in a Technology Transfer Network. Case Study of the Enterprise Europe Network." Energies 13, no. 13: 3445.

Journal article
Published: 08 June 2020 in Energies
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This paper aims to determine and explain the main factors for power losses (the so-called “leaky bucket” effect) in Kazakhstan and the reasons for inefficient energy distribution within the country. Energy efficiency in Kazakhstan is much lower compared to more economically developed countries. The differences between energy efficiency in various regions of Kazakhstan are also significant. This article explores the impact of administrative monopoly tariffs on the regional energy efficiency, based on a national study conducted in Kazakhstan in 2017. The purpose of the study was to identify the administrative barriers and their impact on the sustainability of enterprise development. What hinders the distribution of energy resources among different regions is artificial barriers in the energy market and the administrative tariff monopoly for electric power. This leads to the inefficient distribution of resources throughout the country. In addition, it is difficult to leverage low distribution efficiency in the absence of a market. The authors attempt to prove that the magnitude of administrative barriers directly affects the efficiency and competitiveness of business, as well as the final prices of goods and services for the end consumer.

ACS Style

Emil Velinov; Yelena Petrenko; Elena Vechkinzova; Igor Denisov; Luis Ochoa Siguencia; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Ochoa Siguencia Luis. “Leaky Bucket” of Kazakhstan’s Power Grid: Losses and Inefficient Distribution of Electric Power. Energies 2020, 13, 2947 .

AMA Style

Emil Velinov, Yelena Petrenko, Elena Vechkinzova, Igor Denisov, Luis Ochoa Siguencia, Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Ochoa Siguencia Luis. “Leaky Bucket” of Kazakhstan’s Power Grid: Losses and Inefficient Distribution of Electric Power. Energies. 2020; 13 (11):2947.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emil Velinov; Yelena Petrenko; Elena Vechkinzova; Igor Denisov; Luis Ochoa Siguencia; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Ochoa Siguencia Luis. 2020. "“Leaky Bucket” of Kazakhstan’s Power Grid: Losses and Inefficient Distribution of Electric Power." Energies 13, no. 11: 2947.

Journal article
Published: 21 April 2020 in Energies
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Optimization of plant fertilization is an important element of all quality systems in primary production, such as Integrated Production, GLOBAL G.A.P. (Good Agriculture Practice) or SAI (Sustainable Agriculture Initiative). Fertilization is the most important element of agricultural treatments, affecting the quantity and quality of crops. The aim of the study was to assess greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the cultivation of Chinese cabbage, depending on the technological variant. The factor modifying the production technology was the use of fertilizers with a slow release of nutrients. One tonne of marketable Chinese cabbage crop was selected as the functional unit. To achieve the research goal, a strict field experiment was carried out. Calculation of the total amount of GHG emitted from the crop was made in accordance with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044. The system boundaries included the production and use of fertilizers and pesticides, energy consumption for agricultural practices and the emission of gases from soil resources and harvesting residue. The use of slow-release fertilizers resulted in a greater marketable yield of cabbage compared to conventional fertilizers. The results of the research indicate a significant potential for the use of slow-release fertilizers in reducing agricultural emissions. From the environmental and production point of view, the most favourable variant is the one with 108 kg N·ha−1 slow-release fertilizers. At a higher dose of this element, no increase in crop yield was observed. At this nitrogen dose, a 30% reduction in total GHG emissions and a 50% reduction in fertilizer emissions from the use of per product functional unit were observed. The reference object was fertilization in accordance with production practice in the test area.

ACS Style

Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Maciej Kuboń; Monika Komorowska. The Impact of a Controlled-Release Fertilizer on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and the Efficiency of the Production of Chinese Cabbage. Energies 2020, 13, 2063 .

AMA Style

Jakub Sikora, Marcin Niemiec, Anna Szeląg-Sikora, Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Maciej Kuboń, Monika Komorowska. The Impact of a Controlled-Release Fertilizer on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and the Efficiency of the Production of Chinese Cabbage. Energies. 2020; 13 (8):2063.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Maciej Kuboń; Monika Komorowska. 2020. "The Impact of a Controlled-Release Fertilizer on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and the Efficiency of the Production of Chinese Cabbage." Energies 13, no. 8: 2063.

Journal article
Published: 09 April 2020 in Energies
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Slaughterhouse waste management is an important technological, economic, and environmental challenge. Recently, more and more attention has been paid to the possibility of obtaining biogas from waste generated by slaughterhouses. The aim of the paper was to examine the effect of an emulsifier addition in the form of a carboxymethyl cellulose solution to create animal waste fermentation media based on the quantity and quality of the generated biogas. The adopted research goal was achieved based on a laboratory experiment of methane fermenting poultry processing waste. The waste was divided into two fractions: soft (tissue) and hard (bone). A fat emulsifier in a concentration of 1%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10% of fresh weight of the substrate was added to each substrate sample made from the above fractions. The emulsifier used was a 55% carboxymethyl cellulose solution, since this emulsifier is most commonly used in food production. The experiment was conducted in order to determine how the addition of an emulsifier (55% carboxymethylcellulose solution) affects the hydration of fats during methane fermentation, as demonstrated on poultry slaughterhouse waste. The samples were subjected to static methane fermentation, according to the methodology of DIM DIN 38414(DIN Deutches Institut für Normung). The experiment lasted 30 days. The total amount of biogas obtained after fermentation was 398 mL·g−1 for the soft fraction and 402 mL·g−1 for the hard fraction. In the case of the soft waste fraction, the addition of carboxymethylcellulose at 1% of the mass to the biogas process increased the amount of obtained biogas by 16%. In the case of the hard fraction, no effect of the addition of emulsifier on the total amount of biogas obtained was identified. In each case, the biogas from substrates with added emulsifier contained less methane and slightly more carbon. The emulsifier added to the soft fraction of slaughterhouse waste from poultry processing allowed cutting the process of methanogenesis by over 50% while maintaining the efficiency of biogas production. In the case of biogasification of bone tissue, no unambiguous effect of the addition of emulsifier on the improvement of process efficiency was identified.

ACS Style

Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Maciej Kuboń; Monika Komorowska. The Effect of the Addition of a Fat Emulsifier on the Amount and Quality of the Obtained Biogas. Energies 2020, 13, 1825 .

AMA Style

Jakub Sikora, Marcin Niemiec, Anna Szeląg-Sikora, Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Maciej Kuboń, Monika Komorowska. The Effect of the Addition of a Fat Emulsifier on the Amount and Quality of the Obtained Biogas. Energies. 2020; 13 (7):1825.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Maciej Kuboń; Monika Komorowska. 2020. "The Effect of the Addition of a Fat Emulsifier on the Amount and Quality of the Obtained Biogas." Energies 13, no. 7: 1825.

Journal article
Published: 23 March 2020 in Sustainability
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The goal of organic farming with respect to plant production is to create high-quality products while minimizing human impacts. The aim of this paper was to assess soil properties in selected organic farms in terms of the achievement of general and specific objectives of organic farming. Fifty five (55) organic farms were selected for the research; twenty five (25) of those farms additionally had conventional animal production with cattle breeding. Soil samples were collected from each farm and, the following parameters, deciding about the suitability for agriculture were determined: pH, content of organic carbon, available phosphorus and potassium, mineral nitrogen, and Total nitrogen content. The content of available phosphorus and mineral nitrogen was very low or low in most of the studied soils, which can lead to disturbance of homeostasis of agroecosystems. Potassium content in these soils was high. The properties of the studied soils indicate a high risk of chemical and biological degradation. Without implementing actions that control the pH and increase the content of nitrogen and phosphorus elements, the degradation will increase. Soil properties in the group of farms with animal production were more beneficial from the point of view of crop production, compared with farms that do not breed animals.

ACS Style

Marcin Niemiec; Maciej Chowaniak; Jakub Sikora; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Monika Komorowska. Selected Properties of Soils for Long-Term Use in Organic Farming. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2509 .

AMA Style

Marcin Niemiec, Maciej Chowaniak, Jakub Sikora, Anna Szeląg-Sikora, Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Monika Komorowska. Selected Properties of Soils for Long-Term Use in Organic Farming. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (6):2509.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcin Niemiec; Maciej Chowaniak; Jakub Sikora; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Monika Komorowska. 2020. "Selected Properties of Soils for Long-Term Use in Organic Farming." Sustainability 12, no. 6: 2509.

Journal article
Published: 05 March 2020 in Sustainability
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Optimization of plant nutrition is a very important part of primary production quality systems. Crop fertilization is the most important agrotechnical measure because it determines the amount and quality of the yield. Moreover, excess fertilization intensifies the eutrophication processes and the greenhouse effect. The study aimed to assess the suitability of slow-release fertilizers in cultivation of carrot subspecies Daucus carota L. ssp. sativus in the integrated production system. The objective was realized on the basis of a strict field experiment set up on a clay loam soil with low nutrient content. The dose of fertilizer was the experimental factor. The fertilizers were applied during the formation of the ridges. Traditional fertilizers (ammonium phosphate, potassium salt, ammonium nitrate, and a multi-component fertilizer Polifoska 6), as well as a multi-component fertilizer with slow release of nutrients, NPK Mg (18-12-24-4), were used. In individual variants of the experiment, different fertilization strategies were applied: integrated production fertilization, traditional fertilization, and fertilization based on the use of slow-release fertilizers. The control treatment comprised of unfertilized plants. The efficiency of nitrogen fertilization was evaluated based on agronomic efficiency, partial factor productivity, physiological efficiency, and removal efficiency. Fertilization strategy significantly impacted the quantity of obtained yield. In the control sample, prior to mineral fertilization, the crop yield was 33.53 Mg·ha−1. The largest yield was 82.30 Mg·ha−1.The largest yields were obtained from plants fertilized with a combination of slow-release fertilizers, with nitrogen introduced in the form of ammonium phosphate, and through conventional fertilization. The highest productivity and environmental efficiency were obtained in treatments with fertilization according to the principles of integrated production and with slow-release fertilizers. In terms of environmental efficiency, the best results were obtained through nitrogen fertilization using 400 kg of slow-release fertilizers. The use of slow-release fertilizers in carrot cultivation can significantly improve the efficiency of fertilization, both in terms of production and environmental protection.

ACS Style

Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Monika Tabak; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Maciej Kuboń; Monika Komorowska. Assessment of the Efficiency of Nitrogen Slow-Release Fertilizers in Integrated Production of Carrot Depending on Fertilization Strategy. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1982 .

AMA Style

Jakub Sikora, Marcin Niemiec, Monika Tabak, Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Anna Szeląg-Sikora, Maciej Kuboń, Monika Komorowska. Assessment of the Efficiency of Nitrogen Slow-Release Fertilizers in Integrated Production of Carrot Depending on Fertilization Strategy. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (5):1982.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Monika Tabak; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Maciej Kuboń; Monika Komorowska. 2020. "Assessment of the Efficiency of Nitrogen Slow-Release Fertilizers in Integrated Production of Carrot Depending on Fertilization Strategy." Sustainability 12, no. 5: 1982.

Conference paper
Published: 31 January 2020 in TRANSBALTICA XI: Transportation Science and Technology
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Financial support provided to entities of the transport sector from public funds is an important element of the implementation of the European Union’s transport policy. The philosophy of the European Union’s activity assumes that granting assistance to private entities from public funds should be allowed exceptionally. It is difficult to imagine the situation in order to be able to intervene in economic processes in a free manner in the conditions of a market economy without prejudice to the functioning of free competition. The article presents the results of analyses in the use of public aid in the transport sector in Poland in 2007–2016.

ACS Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Danuta Kajrunajtys; Luis Ochoa Siguencia. Polish State Aid for Transport Services and Infrastructure Between 2007–2016. TRANSBALTICA XI: Transportation Science and Technology 2020, 9 -14.

AMA Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Danuta Kajrunajtys, Luis Ochoa Siguencia. Polish State Aid for Transport Services and Infrastructure Between 2007–2016. TRANSBALTICA XI: Transportation Science and Technology. 2020; ():9-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Danuta Kajrunajtys; Luis Ochoa Siguencia. 2020. "Polish State Aid for Transport Services and Infrastructure Between 2007–2016." TRANSBALTICA XI: Transportation Science and Technology , no. : 9-14.

Conference paper
Published: 22 November 2019 in E3S Web of Conferences
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One of the most important objectives of the innovation policy of both developed and developing countries is the development of national and regional innovation systems. These are institutions and skills that aim to introduce innovations increasing competitiveness of the economy and improving the quality of life in society. Maintaining economic growth based on building a knowledge-based economy requires increasing the economic potential, mainly through increasing productivity and innovation. What is important in creating the innovative potential of the Polish economy is the fact that the large size of the Polish market, combined with the low level of openness to trade isolates domestic companies from their international competition. Domestic markets products and services are among the least liberalized in the EU and OECD. Polish companies may be sufficiently profitable in the domestic market, and therefore the pressure to compete with their counterparts abroad through investments in innovation and R&D, is lower. An important role in building an innovative economy is played by the business environment institutions providing specialized services to support the development of enterprises. Between these entities that are a part of the entrepreneurship support system in Poland, there are numerous organizational and competence links. The aim of this study is to determine the course of action for activities undertaken in the framework of innovation policy, which are aimed at creating system support for the development of the agri-food sector. The idea behind the study was to verify the hypothesis that the availability of the system services affects the increase of competitiveness, profitability, or viability and potential of the agri-food sector. The object of the study was a pilot service in the field of marketing and sales of products for micro and small companies in the agri-food processing industry. It was carried out based on the system project of the Polish Agency for the Development of Entrepreneurship (PARP), “Providing enterprises with access to new services of the National Service Network (KSU),” financed under Sub-measure 2.2.1 of the Operational Programme Human Capital 2007-2013.

ACS Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak. The role of innovative policy in creating system services to support development of agri-food enterprises. E3S Web of Conferences 2019, 132, 01005 .

AMA Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak. The role of innovative policy in creating system services to support development of agri-food enterprises. E3S Web of Conferences. 2019; 132 ():01005.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak. 2019. "The role of innovative policy in creating system services to support development of agri-food enterprises." E3S Web of Conferences 132, no. : 01005.

Journal article
Published: 12 October 2019 in Sustainability
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Currently, the level of efficiency of an effective agricultural production process is determined by how it reduces natural environmental hazards caused by various types of technologies and means of agricultural production. Compared to conventional production, the aim of integrated agricultural cultivation on commercial farms is to maximize yields while minimizing costs resulting from the limited use of chemical and mineral means of production. As a result, the factor determining the level of obtained yield is the soil’s richness in nutrients. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of soil richness, depending on the production system appropriate for a given farm. The analysis was conducted for two comparative groups of farms with an integrated and conventional production system. The farms included in the research belonged to two groups of agricultural producers and specialized in carrot production.

ACS Style

Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Joanna Kapusta-Duch; Maciej Kuboń; Monika Komorowska; Joanna Karcz. Impact of Integrated and Conventional Plant Production on Selected Soil Parameters in Carrot Production. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5612 .

AMA Style

Anna Szeląg-Sikora, Jakub Sikora, Marcin Niemiec, Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Joanna Kapusta-Duch, Maciej Kuboń, Monika Komorowska, Joanna Karcz. Impact of Integrated and Conventional Plant Production on Selected Soil Parameters in Carrot Production. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (20):5612.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Joanna Kapusta-Duch; Maciej Kuboń; Monika Komorowska; Joanna Karcz. 2019. "Impact of Integrated and Conventional Plant Production on Selected Soil Parameters in Carrot Production." Sustainability 11, no. 20: 5612.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2019 in Sustainability
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The purpose of the article is to identify and estimate the dependency model for the extreme prices of agricultural products listed on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. The article presents the results of the first stage of research covering the time interval 1975–2010. The selected products are: Corn, soybean and wheat. The analysis of the dependency between extreme price values on the selected futures was based on the estimation of five models of two-dimensional extreme value copulas, namely, the Galambos copula, the Gumbel copula, the Husler–Reiss copula, the Tawn asymmetric copula and the t-EV copula. The next stage of the analysis was to test whether the structure of the dependency described with the estimated copulas is a sufficient approximation of reality, and whether it is suitable for modeling empirical data. The quality of matching the estimated copulas to empirical data of return rates of agricultural products was assessed. For this purpose, the Kendall coefficient was calculated, and the methodology of the empirical combining function was used. The conducted research allowed for the determination of the conduct for this kind of phenomena as it is crucial in the process of investing in derivatives markets. The analyzed phenomena are highly dependent on e.g., financial crises, war, or market speculation but also on drought, fires, rainfall, or even crop oversupply. The conducted analysis is of key importance in terms of balancing agricultural production on a global scale. It should be emphasized that conducting market analysis of agricultural products at the Chicago Mercantile Exchange in the context of competition with the agricultural market of the European Union is of significant importance.

ACS Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Gabriela Malik; Danuta Kajrunajtys; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Jakub Sikora; Maciej Kuboń; Marcin Niemiec; Joanna Kapusta-Duch. Modeling the Dependency between Extreme Prices of Selected Agricultural Products on the Derivatives Market Using the Linkage Function. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4144 .

AMA Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Gabriela Malik, Danuta Kajrunajtys, Anna Szeląg-Sikora, Jakub Sikora, Maciej Kuboń, Marcin Niemiec, Joanna Kapusta-Duch. Modeling the Dependency between Extreme Prices of Selected Agricultural Products on the Derivatives Market Using the Linkage Function. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (15):4144.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Gabriela Malik; Danuta Kajrunajtys; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Jakub Sikora; Maciej Kuboń; Marcin Niemiec; Joanna Kapusta-Duch. 2019. "Modeling the Dependency between Extreme Prices of Selected Agricultural Products on the Derivatives Market Using the Linkage Function." Sustainability 11, no. 15: 4144.

Journal article
Published: 24 July 2019 in Sustainability
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Plant-based foods should be fresh, safe, and natural, with nutritional value and processed in sustainable ways. Among all consumed vegetables, Brassica vegetables are considered to be the most important ones. As they are eaten in large quantities and frequently, they may constitute an important source of nutrients and bioactive compounds in a daily diet. This work is aimed at assessing the effect of technological processing (blanching and traditional cooking in water and in a convection steam oven) as well as the method of frozen storage (in PE-LD zipper bags and vacuum packing) on the content of selected components in purple cauliflower. The material was examined for the content of dry matter, vitamin C, total polyphenols, anthocyanins, thiocyanates, nitrates, and nitrites, as well as antioxidant activity. All technological processes caused significant changes in the contents of examined nutritive and non-nutritive compounds as well as in antioxidant activity or the level of selected chemical pollutions. A trend was also observed towards lower constituents’ losses as a result of convection steaming, compared to traditional cooking in water. Moreover, the reduction in the content of examined compounds was smaller in vacuum-packed and frozen-stored vegetables then in those stored in zipper PE-LD bags.

ACS Style

Joanna Kapusta-Duch; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Maciej Kuboń; Teresa Leszczyńska; Barbara Borczak. Health-Promoting Properties of Fresh and Processed Purple Cauliflower. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4008 .

AMA Style

Joanna Kapusta-Duch, Anna Szeląg-Sikora, Jakub Sikora, Marcin Niemiec, Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Maciej Kuboń, Teresa Leszczyńska, Barbara Borczak. Health-Promoting Properties of Fresh and Processed Purple Cauliflower. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (15):4008.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joanna Kapusta-Duch; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Jakub Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Maciej Kuboń; Teresa Leszczyńska; Barbara Borczak. 2019. "Health-Promoting Properties of Fresh and Processed Purple Cauliflower." Sustainability 11, no. 15: 4008.

Conference paper
Published: 14 May 2019 in Infrastructure and Environment
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The necessity of international cooperation between enterprises and the diffusion of innovations is indispensable in an environment characterized by complexity and dynamic development. Due to limited financial resources, micro-, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are experiencing difficulties in accessing high-quality commercial services of searching for partners for advanced technological cooperation. However, companies that build their competitive advantage based on innovative solutions are increasingly willing and more likely to use the extensive catalog of support instruments offered by the Enterprise Europe Network. The quantitative data that characterize selected aspects of the potential and functioning of the Enterprise Europe Network (in the years 2008–2014).

ACS Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Małgorzata Luc; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Danuta Kajrunajtys. Economic Missions and Brokerage Events as an Instrument for Support of International Technological Cooperation Between Companies of the Agricultural and Food Sector. Infrastructure and Environment 2019, 307 -312.

AMA Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Małgorzata Luc, Anna Szeląg-Sikora, Marcin Niemiec, Danuta Kajrunajtys. Economic Missions and Brokerage Events as an Instrument for Support of International Technological Cooperation Between Companies of the Agricultural and Food Sector. Infrastructure and Environment. 2019; ():307-312.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Małgorzata Luc; Anna Szeląg-Sikora; Marcin Niemiec; Danuta Kajrunajtys. 2019. "Economic Missions and Brokerage Events as an Instrument for Support of International Technological Cooperation Between Companies of the Agricultural and Food Sector." Infrastructure and Environment , no. : 307-312.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2019 in Studia i Prace WNEiZ
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Problemem badawczym w artykule jest formuła wspierania innowacji w przedsiębiorstwie poprzez zastosowanie przedsiębiorczego odkrywania. Przedsiębiorcze odkrywanie jest elementem priorytetyzacji działań podejmowanych w ramach polityki innowacyjnej w regionie. Celem badań jest identyfikacja koncepcji przedsiębiorczego odkrywania (enter- prenurial discovery) oraz analiza jej roli w mechanizmie wsparcia przedsiębiorstwa. Badania przeprowadzone na przykładzie województwa małopolskiego miały charakter analizy źródeł pierwotnych i objęty m.in. wyniki analizy technologii przyszłości (foresight technologiczny) zawarte w raporcie „Perspektywa technologiczna Kraków – Małopolska 2020” oraz zapisy Regionalnego Programu Operacyjnego Województwa Małopolskiego 2014–2020. W wyniku analizy stwierdzono m.in., że proces przedsiębiorczego odkrywania oznacza szerokie promowanie przedsiębiorczości oraz wymaga ścisłej współpracy, współuczestnictwa i zaangażowania ze strony wszystkich interesariuszy z sektora publicznego. Jednym z ważniejszych wniosków, kluczowym dla powodzenia procesu, jest chęć interesariuszy do działania na polach wynikających z kompetencji. The research problem posed in the article is the method of supporting innovation in an enterprise, using entrepreneurial discovery. It is an element of prioritization of activities undertaken within the framework of a region’s innovation policy. The aim of the research was to define the concept of the enterprenurial discovery and to analyze its role in the mechanism of enterprise support. The research was carried out based on the example of the Małopolskie province. The above mentioned research was based on the analysis of primary sources and included, e.g. the results of the analysis of a technological foresight, included in the report Technological Perspective Kraków – Małopolska 2020 and the provisions of the Regional Operational Program of the Małopolskie Voivodship 2014–2020. The analysis showed that the process of entrepreneurial discovery means broad promotion of entrepreneurship and requires close cooperation, participation and involvement on the part of all stakeholders from the public sector. One of the most important conclusions is the fact that the willingness of stakeholders to act within their scope of competence is essential for the project’s success.

ACS Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak. Entrepreneuring discovery process as a form for supporting innovation in a enterprise – a Malopolska region study. Studia i Prace WNEiZ 2019, 55, 185 -194.

AMA Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak. Entrepreneuring discovery process as a form for supporting innovation in a enterprise – a Malopolska region study. Studia i Prace WNEiZ. 2019; 55 ():185-194.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak. 2019. "Entrepreneuring discovery process as a form for supporting innovation in a enterprise – a Malopolska region study." Studia i Prace WNEiZ 55, no. : 185-194.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in European Journal of Service Management
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ACS Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Danuta Kajrunajtys; Gabriela Malik; Anna Szeląg-Sikora. Activities of local government at stimulating innovativeness in the learning region – study of Lesser Poland voivodeship. European Journal of Service Management 2018, 27, 175 -181.

AMA Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Danuta Kajrunajtys, Gabriela Malik, Anna Szeląg-Sikora. Activities of local government at stimulating innovativeness in the learning region – study of Lesser Poland voivodeship. European Journal of Service Management. 2018; 27 ():175-181.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zofia Gródek-Szostak; Danuta Kajrunajtys; Gabriela Malik; Anna Szeląg-Sikora. 2018. "Activities of local government at stimulating innovativeness in the learning region – study of Lesser Poland voivodeship." European Journal of Service Management 27, no. : 175-181.