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Qian Du
School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Republic of China

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Research article
Published: 27 January 2021 in Energy & Fuels
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Reactive force field molecular dynamics (ReaxFF-MD) (reactive force field molecular dynamics) is a promising method for exploring complex chemical reactions, allowing a better understanding of sulfur transformation during coal pyrolysis. In this work, we built three pyrolysis systems with different H2O contents to explore the effect of H2O on the transformation of sulfur during demineralized pyrolysis by ReaxFF-MD. Product distributions, sulfur-containing bonds, and the path of organic sulfur in different systems were analyzed. We found that H2O could accelerate the pyrolysis process, reduce the semicoke yield, and increase the production of gas components significantly, including H2S gas. By adding H2O during pyrolysis, more sulfur in semicoke and heavy tar converted to gas and light tar, respectively. H2O not only promoted the cleavage of C–S bonds but also generated more H free radicals to form SH free radicals, thereby promoting the removal of organic sulfur.

ACS Style

Min Wang; Jianmin Gao; Junjie Xu; Qian Du; Yu Zhang. Effect of H2O on the Transformation of Sulfur during Demineralized Coal Pyrolysis: Molecular Dynamics Simulation Using ReaxFF. Energy & Fuels 2021, 35, 2379 -2390.

AMA Style

Min Wang, Jianmin Gao, Junjie Xu, Qian Du, Yu Zhang. Effect of H2O on the Transformation of Sulfur during Demineralized Coal Pyrolysis: Molecular Dynamics Simulation Using ReaxFF. Energy & Fuels. 2021; 35 (3):2379-2390.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Min Wang; Jianmin Gao; Junjie Xu; Qian Du; Yu Zhang. 2021. "Effect of H2O on the Transformation of Sulfur during Demineralized Coal Pyrolysis: Molecular Dynamics Simulation Using ReaxFF." Energy & Fuels 35, no. 3: 2379-2390.

Research article
Published: 04 June 2020 in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects
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The Guizhou high-sulfur coal and its demineralized coal were rapidly pyrolyzed in a drop tube furnace under an argon atmosphere at the high temperatures ranging from 700°C to 1200°C. The effects of temperature and minerals on the transformations between various forms of sulfur, including sulphidic sulfur and thiophenic sulfur, were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) during rapid pyrolysis. The total sulfur content was determined by the infrared-red sulfur analyzer (ISA) and confirmed by XPS analysis. The total sulfur retention in chars did not simply decrease with increasing temperature but increased at a specific temperature in both raw coal and demineralized coal. Thiophenic sulfur was the primary sulfur compound found on the char surface during rapid pyrolysis at different temperatures. Sulfur in different forms decomposed and transformed at high temperatures and this was evidenced by the complete decomposition of sulphidic sulfur at 1000°C and the increase of thiophenic sulfur content at 1100°C. These results indicate that other forms of sulfur could transform into thiophenic sulfur.

ACS Style

Min Wang; Qian Du; Yupeng Li; Jianmin Gao; Bowen Xiao; Hui Wang. Transformation of sulfur in coal during rapid pyrolysis at high temperatures. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 2020, 1 -13.

AMA Style

Min Wang, Qian Du, Yupeng Li, Jianmin Gao, Bowen Xiao, Hui Wang. Transformation of sulfur in coal during rapid pyrolysis at high temperatures. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects. 2020; ():1-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Min Wang; Qian Du; Yupeng Li; Jianmin Gao; Bowen Xiao; Hui Wang. 2020. "Transformation of sulfur in coal during rapid pyrolysis at high temperatures." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects , no. : 1-13.

Research article
Published: 17 April 2020 in ACS Omega
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In this work, two series of brown coals (including acid-washed coal and ion-exchangeable Na-loaded coal) were pyrolyzed in a drop-tube reactor. The experimental results revealed that soot and tar yields of Na-loaded coals were significantly lower than that of acid-washed coals. Gasified Na can reduce the formation of big soot agglomerates. During coal primary pyrolysis, ion-exchangeable Na can reduce the amount and aromaticity of primary tar. Na released with volatiles can catalyze the cracking of aliphatic and aromatic compounds, inhibit the polymerization between aromatic rings, and promote the combination of soot/tar with oxygen-containing substances, resulting in the decrease of graphite crystallite size and the increase of amorphous carbon content. Na can also reduce the organization degree of soot by forming intercalation compounds.

ACS Style

Heming Dong; Yu Zhang; Qian Du; Dun Li; Dongdong Feng; Jianmin Gao; Shaohua Wu; Jiyi Luan. Roles of Ion-Exchangeable Sodium in the Conversion Process of Tar to Soot during Rapid Pyrolysis of Two Brown Coals in a Drop-Tube Reactor. ACS Omega 2020, 5, 9078 -9092.

AMA Style

Heming Dong, Yu Zhang, Qian Du, Dun Li, Dongdong Feng, Jianmin Gao, Shaohua Wu, Jiyi Luan. Roles of Ion-Exchangeable Sodium in the Conversion Process of Tar to Soot during Rapid Pyrolysis of Two Brown Coals in a Drop-Tube Reactor. ACS Omega. 2020; 5 (16):9078-9092.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Heming Dong; Yu Zhang; Qian Du; Dun Li; Dongdong Feng; Jianmin Gao; Shaohua Wu; Jiyi Luan. 2020. "Roles of Ion-Exchangeable Sodium in the Conversion Process of Tar to Soot during Rapid Pyrolysis of Two Brown Coals in a Drop-Tube Reactor." ACS Omega 5, no. 16: 9078-9092.

Journal article
Published: 19 March 2020 in Applied Thermal Engineering
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A large amount of water and energy can be recovered in the flue gas after wet desulfurization. In order to explore the performance of the packed tower as a direct contact heat exchanger between flue gas and water, we measured the resistance and temperature field distribution of packed tower through on site pilot scale experiments, filled the gap in previous studies that lacked field trials and high humidity flue gas temperature data. The experimental results show that using packed tower as the heat exchanger can achieve low resistance and high heat exchange efficiency, indicating that packed tower is suitable for cooling the flue gas after wet desulfurization to achieve the purpose of energy and water recovery. The research results can guide the design and operation of the packed tower, liquid to gas ratio of 4.0 L/Nm3 and packing layer thickness of 1.20 m are optimal design parameters for packed tower. The selection of packing type and gas velocity, and the adjustment of operating parameters under variable load conditions can also refer to the experimental data in this article.

ACS Style

Zhaoyang Cui; Qian Du; Jianmin Gao; Rushan Bie; Dun Li. Development of a direct contact heat exchanger for energy and water recovery from humid flue gas. Applied Thermal Engineering 2020, 173, 115214 .

AMA Style

Zhaoyang Cui, Qian Du, Jianmin Gao, Rushan Bie, Dun Li. Development of a direct contact heat exchanger for energy and water recovery from humid flue gas. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2020; 173 ():115214.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhaoyang Cui; Qian Du; Jianmin Gao; Rushan Bie; Dun Li. 2020. "Development of a direct contact heat exchanger for energy and water recovery from humid flue gas." Applied Thermal Engineering 173, no. : 115214.

Journal article
Published: 17 February 2020 in Energies
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The combined heating and power (CHP) system with turbine-driving fans and pumps is more efficient and economical in meeting heat demand in cold areas, however, there are no detailed studies that investigate its thermodynamic performance, improvement possibilities and economy. In this paper, the energy, exergy and economic analysis of a CHP system with turbine-driving fans and pumps operated in Northeast China were conducted to provide insights into improvement options. It is revealed that the boiler is the main source of exergy destruction, followed by the steam-water heat exchangers (SWHE), temperature and pressure reducer (TPR), turbines, and deaerator. The energy and exergy efficiencies of the system are 89.72% and 10.07%, while the boiler’s are 84.89% and 30.04%. The thermodynamic performance of the boiler and turbines are compared with other studies, and the inefficiencies of major components are analyzed and some advice for further improvement is given. As the reference state changes, the main conclusions stay the same. The turbine-driving mode saves an electricity cost of 16,654.08 yuan on 15 December 2018. The effect of electricity price and on-grid price on the saved daily electricity cost is investigated and it proves that the turbine-driving mode is more economical in China.

ACS Style

Ximei Li; Jianmin Gao; Yaning Zhang; Yu Zhang; Qian Du; Shaohua Wu; Yukun Qin. Energy, Exergy and Economic Analyses of a Combined Heating and Power System with Turbine-Driving Fans and Pumps in Northeast China. Energies 2020, 13, 878 .

AMA Style

Ximei Li, Jianmin Gao, Yaning Zhang, Yu Zhang, Qian Du, Shaohua Wu, Yukun Qin. Energy, Exergy and Economic Analyses of a Combined Heating and Power System with Turbine-Driving Fans and Pumps in Northeast China. Energies. 2020; 13 (4):878.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ximei Li; Jianmin Gao; Yaning Zhang; Yu Zhang; Qian Du; Shaohua Wu; Yukun Qin. 2020. "Energy, Exergy and Economic Analyses of a Combined Heating and Power System with Turbine-Driving Fans and Pumps in Northeast China." Energies 13, no. 4: 878.

Paper
Published: 06 February 2020 in RSC Advances
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The efficiency increases of black carbon and fly ash upon the addition of an electric field to a wet scrubber were expatiated.

ACS Style

Lipeng Su; Yu Zhang; Qian Du; Xianchao Dai; Jianmin Gao; Peng Dong; Hui Wang. An experimental study on the removal of submicron fly ash and black carbon in a gravitational wet scrubber with electrostatic enhancement. RSC Advances 2020, 10, 5905 -5912.

AMA Style

Lipeng Su, Yu Zhang, Qian Du, Xianchao Dai, Jianmin Gao, Peng Dong, Hui Wang. An experimental study on the removal of submicron fly ash and black carbon in a gravitational wet scrubber with electrostatic enhancement. RSC Advances. 2020; 10 (10):5905-5912.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lipeng Su; Yu Zhang; Qian Du; Xianchao Dai; Jianmin Gao; Peng Dong; Hui Wang. 2020. "An experimental study on the removal of submicron fly ash and black carbon in a gravitational wet scrubber with electrostatic enhancement." RSC Advances 10, no. 10: 5905-5912.

Research article
Published: 05 February 2020 in Energy & Fuels
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PM2.5 is a main atmospheric pollutant in China, and coal burning is a main emission source of PM2.5. At present, PM2.5 emission characteristics of the coal-fired fluidized-bed boiler are less to date, especially those of the coal-fired BFB (bubbling fluidized-bed) boiler. In this work, number and mass size distributions, microstructures and elemental compositions of PM2.5 produced from a coal-fired CFB (circulating fluidized-bed) boiler and a coal-fired BFB boiler before and after FF (fabric filter) were studied. Number size distributions of PM2.5 produced from the CFB boiler before and after FF are both unimodal, but the ones of PM2.5 produced from the BFB boiler before and after FF are both bimodal. Mass size distributions of PM2.5 produced from the CFB boiler and the BFB boiler before and after FF show no peak. Microstructures of PM2.5 produced from the CFB boiler are almost all irregular in shape, but the ones produced from the BFB boiler are mainly spherical and irregular. The contents of Si and Al in PM2.5 produced from the two fluidized-bed boiler before and after FF are higher those of other elements, the contents of Cr, V, Mn, Ni and Pb in PM2.5 produced from the BFB boiler are higher, and gaseous Na, K, S and Pb in flue-gas can condense into PM2.5 across the FFs.

ACS Style

Zhifeng Zhao; Heming Dong; Xin Guo. Size Distributions, Microstructures, and Elemental Compositions of PM2.5 from Two Coal-Fired Fluidized-Bed Boilers Equipped with Fabric Filters. Energy & Fuels 2020, 34, 4899 -4908.

AMA Style

Zhifeng Zhao, Heming Dong, Xin Guo. Size Distributions, Microstructures, and Elemental Compositions of PM2.5 from Two Coal-Fired Fluidized-Bed Boilers Equipped with Fabric Filters. Energy & Fuels. 2020; 34 (4):4899-4908.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhifeng Zhao; Heming Dong; Xin Guo. 2020. "Size Distributions, Microstructures, and Elemental Compositions of PM2.5 from Two Coal-Fired Fluidized-Bed Boilers Equipped with Fabric Filters." Energy & Fuels 34, no. 4: 4899-4908.

Research article
Published: 08 January 2020 in Energy & Fuels
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Ion-exchanged Na (INa) and adsorbed Na (ANa) concentrations have significant impact on the physicochemical properties of coal-derived aerosol, and product yields of soot and tar. INa effectively reduced tar release during primary pyrolysis, thus reducing soot yield. ANa had no clear effect on primary pyrolysis, but was easier to gasify. During the secondary pyrolysis, low-concentrated gasified Na promoted aggregation of aromatics to form soot disordered core and increased soot yield. However, at sufficiently high concentration, Na mainly catalyzed tar cracking. Gasified Na can change size distribution of soot aggregates and promote the conversion of SO2 to SO42-. These two effects of Na were affected by Cl in pyrolysis gas. Na in soot can change the arrangement of graphite-like layers and increase sp3 hybridized carbon bonding. INa can couple to carboxylate (COO ) and promote formation of ether C-O structures in soot or tar.

ACS Style

Heming Dong; Qian Du; Dun Li; Dongdong Feng; Jianmin Gao; Shaohua Wu. Impact of Sodium on the Formation Mechanism and Physicochemical Properties of Coal-Derived Soot. Energy & Fuels 2020, 34, 1453 -1466.

AMA Style

Heming Dong, Qian Du, Dun Li, Dongdong Feng, Jianmin Gao, Shaohua Wu. Impact of Sodium on the Formation Mechanism and Physicochemical Properties of Coal-Derived Soot. Energy & Fuels. 2020; 34 (2):1453-1466.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Heming Dong; Qian Du; Dun Li; Dongdong Feng; Jianmin Gao; Shaohua Wu. 2020. "Impact of Sodium on the Formation Mechanism and Physicochemical Properties of Coal-Derived Soot." Energy & Fuels 34, no. 2: 1453-1466.

Journal article
Published: 20 November 2019 in Energies
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The pyrolysis of four pairs of raw and acid-washed coals under N2 atmosphere was carried out in a drop tube reactor at 1250 °C. The results show that both organic structures and metal elements have an important influence on the formation of soot. The total area of aromatic and aliphatic hydrogen absorption bands is positively correlated with soot yield. Aromatic compounds have a greater contribution to soot and tar formation. The absorption band area of oxygen structures in coal FTIR spectra is negatively correlated with the soot conversion rate of tar. During pyrolysis, metal substances in coal can catalyze the dehydrogenation and deoxygenation of tar, reduce the content and stability of the aliphatic compound, and catalyze aromatic ring rupturing. More importantly, gasified metals can inhibit the polymerization reaction of aromatic compounds.

ACS Style

He-Ming Dong; Qian Du; Dun Li; Zhao-Yang Cui; Jian-Min Gao; Shao-Hua Wu. Impacts of Organic Structures and Inherent Minerals of Coal on Soot Formation during Pyrolysis. Energies 2019, 12, 4410 .

AMA Style

He-Ming Dong, Qian Du, Dun Li, Zhao-Yang Cui, Jian-Min Gao, Shao-Hua Wu. Impacts of Organic Structures and Inherent Minerals of Coal on Soot Formation during Pyrolysis. Energies. 2019; 12 (23):4410.

Chicago/Turabian Style

He-Ming Dong; Qian Du; Dun Li; Zhao-Yang Cui; Jian-Min Gao; Shao-Hua Wu. 2019. "Impacts of Organic Structures and Inherent Minerals of Coal on Soot Formation during Pyrolysis." Energies 12, no. 23: 4410.

Original articles
Published: 04 October 2019 in Aerosol Science and Technology
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A prototype instrument was developed to measure geometric surface area (GSA) concentrations and mass or volume concentrations for agglomerated or aggregated particles at a time resolution of 1 s. It couples a diffusion charger with two sets of electrostatic precipitators and electrometers to monitor two current signals synchronously. In this way, we refined the measurements with a weighted-sum method. Initially, we tested the ability to distinguish different particle morphologies. Subsequently, theoretical volume and GSA measurements of single agglomerates and aggregates were performed to calibrate the instrumental sensitivity for particle sizes. Experimental results with polydisperse silver particles indicated that a diffusion charger coupled with a differential mobility analyzer and a condensation particle counter could identify particle shapes having different fractal dimensions. Above all, the instrument could be used to measure GSA, volume, or mass concentrations of both agglomerates and aggregates in real time. A favorable comparison with results obtained with a scanning mobility particle sizer suggested great potential for commercial applications.

ACS Style

Lipeng Su; Qisheng Ou; Leo N. Y. Cao; Qian Du; David Y. H. Pui. Real-time measurement of nano-agglomerate and aggregate mass and surface area concentrations with a prototype instrument. Aerosol Science and Technology 2019, 53, 1453 -1467.

AMA Style

Lipeng Su, Qisheng Ou, Leo N. Y. Cao, Qian Du, David Y. H. Pui. Real-time measurement of nano-agglomerate and aggregate mass and surface area concentrations with a prototype instrument. Aerosol Science and Technology. 2019; 53 (12):1453-1467.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lipeng Su; Qisheng Ou; Leo N. Y. Cao; Qian Du; David Y. H. Pui. 2019. "Real-time measurement of nano-agglomerate and aggregate mass and surface area concentrations with a prototype instrument." Aerosol Science and Technology 53, no. 12: 1453-1467.

Journal article
Published: 24 September 2019 in Energies
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The comprehensive and quantitative assessment of the contribution of minerals with different occurrence forms to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 μm (PM10) emitted from the combustion of Zhundong coal is of great significance for its clean utilization and for the development of particulate matter formation mechanisms. Samples with simplified occurrence forms of inorganic species were prepared by water-, salt-, and acid-washing of Zhundong coal. The samples were combusted in a drop-tube furnace under 20 vol % oxygen at 1250 °C, and the emitted PM10 was collected. The effects of the minerals in different forms on the PM10 emissions were analyzed by comparing the mass concentration distributions, yields, and elemental compositions of PM10. The results showed that water-soluble, ion-exchangeable, acid-soluble, and acid-insoluble minerals contributed 8.3%, 37.8%, 29.7%, and 24.2% of the PM10 emissions, respectively. The distributions of the Na, Mg, Ca, and Fe contents in PM10 were bimodal, as follows: 63.6% of Na and 54.5% of Fe were deported to the ultrafine mode PM, while 63.6% of Mg and 86.6% of Ca were deported to the coarse mode PM. The distributions of the Si and Al contents were unimodal, namely: 92.9% of Si and 90.5% of Al were deported to the coarse mode PM. Water-soluble Na; ion-exchanged Mg, Ca, and Fe; and acid-insoluble Si and Al played decisive roles in the distribution of minerals in PM10.

ACS Style

Laifu Zhao; Qian Du; Jianmin Gao; Shaohua Wu. Contribution of Minerals in Different Occurrence Forms to PM10 Emissions during the Combustion of Pulverized Zhundong Coal. Energies 2019, 12, 3629 .

AMA Style

Laifu Zhao, Qian Du, Jianmin Gao, Shaohua Wu. Contribution of Minerals in Different Occurrence Forms to PM10 Emissions during the Combustion of Pulverized Zhundong Coal. Energies. 2019; 12 (19):3629.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laifu Zhao; Qian Du; Jianmin Gao; Shaohua Wu. 2019. "Contribution of Minerals in Different Occurrence Forms to PM10 Emissions during the Combustion of Pulverized Zhundong Coal." Energies 12, no. 19: 3629.

Articles
Published: 06 July 2019 in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects
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The radiation characteristics of Au-CuS nanofluids are been researched and mainly used in seawater desalination.The nanoparticle films are placed on the surface of the water,and seawater evaporates by solar simulator irradiation.Then evaporation rate and evaporation efficiency under different experimental variables are calculated, which are applied to economic analysis. The results prove that Au-CuS nanofluids show a good prospect in seawater desalination.

ACS Style

Qian Du; Junjie Xu; Shun Chen; Jianmin Gao. Study on radiation characteristics of Au-CuS nanofluids. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 2019, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Qian Du, Junjie Xu, Shun Chen, Jianmin Gao. Study on radiation characteristics of Au-CuS nanofluids. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects. 2019; ():1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qian Du; Junjie Xu; Shun Chen; Jianmin Gao. 2019. "Study on radiation characteristics of Au-CuS nanofluids." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects , no. : 1-11.

Article
Published: 30 May 2019 in The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering
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Understanding the char grate‐fired process is key to developing a low‐nitric oxide (NO) technology for industrial boilers. In this work, char combustion and NO emissions during a grate‐fired process were studied in a small‐scale one‐dimensional fixed‐bed system by adjusting the char/oxygen (O2) ratio. Evolution of the surface temperature of the char bed was measured using an infrared temperature measurement system. As the char/O2 ratio increased, a reaction layering of the char bed occurred. The char bed can be divided into oxygen‐absent and ‐present parts in time, and into reduction and oxidation layers in space. This kind of division was determined by the complete oxidation layer that could deplete all O2. The reduction layer could reduce NO emissions well. With the increase of the char/O2 ratio, the char mass proportion of the oxygen‐absent part increased, while that of the oxygen‐present decreased; and the NO emissions and conversion rate of char nitrogen decreased. When combustion began, char started to burn and released a large amount of heat, and the surface temperatures of both the oxidation and reduction layers increased, with a larger rise of the former of about 260 °C. As the reaction proceeded, the surface temperature of the oxidation layer gradually decreased, while that of the reduction layer increased until the char bed was burnt through. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

Li Xu; Qian Du; Guangbo Zhao; Qiaoqun Sun; Jianmin Gao; Ximei Li; Laifu Zhao; Wei Zhao; Shaohua Wu; Yukun Qin. Nitric oxide emissions and temperature evolution during the char grate‐fired process. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019, 97, 2910 -2919.

AMA Style

Li Xu, Qian Du, Guangbo Zhao, Qiaoqun Sun, Jianmin Gao, Ximei Li, Laifu Zhao, Wei Zhao, Shaohua Wu, Yukun Qin. Nitric oxide emissions and temperature evolution during the char grate‐fired process. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering. 2019; 97 (11):2910-2919.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li Xu; Qian Du; Guangbo Zhao; Qiaoqun Sun; Jianmin Gao; Ximei Li; Laifu Zhao; Wei Zhao; Shaohua Wu; Yukun Qin. 2019. "Nitric oxide emissions and temperature evolution during the char grate‐fired process." The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 97, no. 11: 2910-2919.

Reviews
Published: 12 April 2019 in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects
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This study presented new field measurement data on the particle size distributions, morphological characteristics, and elemental composition of particulate matter (PM)2.5 (particle diameter less than 2.5 mm) from 12 industrial boilers, including eight circulating fluidized bed boilers (CFB) and four bubbling fluidized bed boilers (BFB). Measurement in situ was taken with an electrical low-pressure impactor equipped with a two-stage dilution sampling system. Morphological characteristics were determinded by electron microscope (SEM), and elemental compositions of the samples were determinded by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP). The results show that before and after the dust removal, the number concentration distributions of PM2.5 display bimodal distributions, one peak is between 0.07 and 0.12 μm, and the other peak is between 0.32 and 0.48 μm. And the particle concentrations of PM2.5 depended mainly on submicron particles (less than 1 µm in diameter), formed by gasification-condensation mechanisms. The mass concentration distributions of PM2.5 showing no peak distribution and increase with the particle size. Compared to electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) and fabric filters (FFs) , the ESPs has a lower removal efficiency of PM2.5. The morphological characteristics of PM2.5 before and after dust removal contain irregular particles and spherical particles. The mass percentages of Na, K, and Fe in PM2.5 after the dust removal are nearly the same as those before the dust removal, but Si, Ca, and Al in PM2.5 decreased after dust removal and S in PM2.5 increased after dust removal. Although the hazardous elements Cr, V, Mn, and Ni in PM2.5 after dust removal did not change significantly, the Pb, Cd, As, Se, and Hg increased after dust removal. These data clearly show that the composition of PM2.5 changes as dust are removed by air pollution control devices.

ACS Style

Dun Li; Qian Du; Heming Dong; Jiangmen Gao; Zhaoyang Cui; Jingwei Yu; Yinuo Liu. Field measurements on the generation and emission characteristics of PM2.5 from industrial fluidized bed boilers. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 2019, 42, 773 -784.

AMA Style

Dun Li, Qian Du, Heming Dong, Jiangmen Gao, Zhaoyang Cui, Jingwei Yu, Yinuo Liu. Field measurements on the generation and emission characteristics of PM2.5 from industrial fluidized bed boilers. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects. 2019; 42 (6):773-784.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dun Li; Qian Du; Heming Dong; Jiangmen Gao; Zhaoyang Cui; Jingwei Yu; Yinuo Liu. 2019. "Field measurements on the generation and emission characteristics of PM2.5 from industrial fluidized bed boilers." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 42, no. 6: 773-784.

Journal article
Published: 15 March 2019 in Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis
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This study focused on the effect of steam on the transformation of sulfur during pyrolysis of demineralized coal in a horizontal tube furnace within the range of temperatures from 300 to 800 °C. The main sulfur-containing products in the resulting pyrolysis gases including H2S, SO2, and COS were quantitatively measured using ion chromatography combined with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy gas analyzer. The transformation of pyrite in char was assessed based on X-ray diffraction, while the organic sulfur was determined using both an infrared sulfur analyzer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The experimental results indicated that sulfur in the demineralized coal was primarily converted to H2S during pyrolysis under both argon and steam/argon atmospheres. During steam/argon pyrolysis, the steam promoted the formation of H2S while inhibiting the formation of SO2, thus increasing and decreasing the yields of these two compounds, respectively. In the argon atmosphere, the pyrite decomposed completely into pyrrhotite at 500 °C and was then converted to troilite at 600 °C. In the steam/argon atmosphere, different iron-containing compounds (Fe1−xS, Fe3O4, and FeO) were formed during the demineralized coal pyrolysis. The promotion of the pyrite transformation by steam was especially pronounced at temperatures above 500 °C. The organic sulfur removal was found to increase likely because the addition of steam above 500 °C promoted the decomposition of thiophenic sulfur.

ACS Style

Min Wang; Qian Du; Yupeng Li; Junjie Xu; Jianmin Gao; Hui Wang. Effect of steam on the transformation of sulfur during demineralized coal pyrolysis. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 2019, 140, 161 -169.

AMA Style

Min Wang, Qian Du, Yupeng Li, Junjie Xu, Jianmin Gao, Hui Wang. Effect of steam on the transformation of sulfur during demineralized coal pyrolysis. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis. 2019; 140 ():161-169.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Min Wang; Qian Du; Yupeng Li; Junjie Xu; Jianmin Gao; Hui Wang. 2019. "Effect of steam on the transformation of sulfur during demineralized coal pyrolysis." Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 140, no. : 161-169.

Articles
Published: 26 February 2019 in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects
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Research on the application of nano-fluids into the direct absorption solar collector represents a prospective approach to solving the problem of high thermal losses of traditional solar collection systems. In this work, Au, CuS and Au-CuS blended Nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and the solar photo-thermal conversion performance of them was studied in an experimental investigation. According to the analysis of the results of the experiment, we knew that the temperature and photo-thermal conversion efficiency rised markedly as the light intensity and concentration increase. Our work found that mixing different NPs to match the solar spectral intensity can prepare working fluids for solar photo-thermal conversion instead of increasing the volume fraction of the same NP. When the concentration ratio of Au-CuS blended nanoparticles is 4:6, the conversion efficiency is the highest, reaching 26.04%.

ACS Style

Qian Du; Junjie Xu; Zhiyang Cheng; Jianmin Gao. Experimental study on sunlight absorption characteristics of Au-CuS blended nanofluids. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 2019, 41, 2834 -2844.

AMA Style

Qian Du, Junjie Xu, Zhiyang Cheng, Jianmin Gao. Experimental study on sunlight absorption characteristics of Au-CuS blended nanofluids. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects. 2019; 41 (23):2834-2844.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qian Du; Junjie Xu; Zhiyang Cheng; Jianmin Gao. 2019. "Experimental study on sunlight absorption characteristics of Au-CuS blended nanofluids." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 41, no. 23: 2834-2844.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2019 in Aerosol and Air Quality Research
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The international journal of Aerosol and Air Quality Research (AAQR) covers all aspects of aerosol science and technology, atmospheric science and air quality related issues.

ACS Style

Lipeng Su; Qian Du; Min Tang; Qisheng Ou; David Y.H. Pui. Effects of Particle Hydrophilicity and Morphology on Aerosol Scavenging in a Wet Electrostatic Scrubber. Aerosol and Air Quality Research 2019, 19, 2331 -2340.

AMA Style

Lipeng Su, Qian Du, Min Tang, Qisheng Ou, David Y.H. Pui. Effects of Particle Hydrophilicity and Morphology on Aerosol Scavenging in a Wet Electrostatic Scrubber. Aerosol and Air Quality Research. 2019; 19 (10):2331-2340.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lipeng Su; Qian Du; Min Tang; Qisheng Ou; David Y.H. Pui. 2019. "Effects of Particle Hydrophilicity and Morphology on Aerosol Scavenging in a Wet Electrostatic Scrubber." Aerosol and Air Quality Research 19, no. 10: 2331-2340.

Journal article
Published: 23 October 2018 in Journal of the Energy Institute
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Particle size distributions, concentrations, morphological characteristics, and elemental compositions of PM2.5 from 15 industrial layer-burning boilers were determined experimentally in air, before and after dust removal and after desulfurization processes. The morphological characteristics and elemental compositions were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray fluorescence, respectively. The concentrations and particle size distributions of PM2.5 were monitored and sampled using an electrostatic low pressure impactor. We found that before and after dust removal, the number concentration distributions of PM2.5 displayed obvious unimodal distributions, with peaks in the range 0.07∼0.38 μm. In both instances, the particle concentrations of PM2.5 depended mainly on submicron particles (less than 1 μm in diameter), formed by gasification-condensation mechanisms. The concentration of the particles larger than 0.38 μm reflected aggregation of carbon black particles; this fraction tended to gradually decrease in concentration with increasing size. Total number and mass removal efficiencies of PM2.5 indicate that fabric filters were superior to mechanical precipitators, although mechanical precipitators were superior to integrated dust removal and desulfurization devices. Typically, the number concentration increased after desulfurization, suggesting that better demisters need to be implemented in these systems. The PM2.5 generated by industrial layer-burning boilers mainly comprised soot aggregates. However, the mass percentages of S, Si, K, and Al in PM2.5 decreased after dust removal but increased after the desulfurization. In contrast, the mass percentage of Na in PM2.5 increased after both dust removal and desulfurization processes, while the mass percentages of Ca and Fe in PM2.5 decreased after dust removal but remained constant after desulfurization. These data clearly show that the composition of PM2.5 changes as dust and sulfur are removed by air pollution control devices. Data generated in this study are useful for selecting the most effective strategy for reducing PM2.5 emitted by industrial layer-burning boilers of various sizes.

ACS Style

Qian Du; Zhaoyang Cui; Heming Dong; Jianmin Gao; Dun Li; Jingwei Yu; Yinuo Liu. Field measurements on the generation and emission characteristics of PM2.5 generated by industrial layer burning boilers. Journal of the Energy Institute 2018, 92, 1251 -1261.

AMA Style

Qian Du, Zhaoyang Cui, Heming Dong, Jianmin Gao, Dun Li, Jingwei Yu, Yinuo Liu. Field measurements on the generation and emission characteristics of PM2.5 generated by industrial layer burning boilers. Journal of the Energy Institute. 2018; 92 (5):1251-1261.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qian Du; Zhaoyang Cui; Heming Dong; Jianmin Gao; Dun Li; Jingwei Yu; Yinuo Liu. 2018. "Field measurements on the generation and emission characteristics of PM2.5 generated by industrial layer burning boilers." Journal of the Energy Institute 92, no. 5: 1251-1261.

Article
Published: 16 February 2018 in The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering
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The performance of ammonia-based CO2 absorption under static magnetic field conditions was discussed. The removal efficiency of CO2, CO2 load, and absorption capacities were studied using a bubble reactor system. The CO2 removal efficiencies, CO2 load, and absorption capacity under static magnetic field conditions were calculated at four kinds of different operating conditions, which included CO2 concentration in flue gas, gas flow rate, concentrations of aqueous ammonia, and reaction temperature. The results indicated that the initial removal efficiency of CO2 can reach 98.5% by 10 wt% ammonia solution under static magnetic field conditions, and it is 7% higher than that under the no magnetic field conditions. The effect of magnetic field on CO2 load and absorption capacity is more obvious when the inlet CO2 concentration in the simulated flue gas is 10 vol%, the CO2 load increases 11.7% from 1.45 mol/L to 1.62 mol/L, and the absorption capacity rises from 0.668 kgCO2/kgNH3 to 0.738 kgCO2/kgNH3. Compared with the absorption of CO2 under static magnetic field conditions and no magnetic field conditions, the absorption process of CO2 is enhanced by the magnetic field, and the removal efficiency of CO2, CO2 load and absorption capacity show superior performance. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

ACS Style

Yu Zhang; Jianmin Gao; Dongdong Feng; Qian Du; Shaohua Wu. Effect of magnetic field on the ammonia-based CO2 absorption process. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018, 96, 1462 -1467.

AMA Style

Yu Zhang, Jianmin Gao, Dongdong Feng, Qian Du, Shaohua Wu. Effect of magnetic field on the ammonia-based CO2 absorption process. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering. 2018; 96 (7):1462-1467.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu Zhang; Jianmin Gao; Dongdong Feng; Qian Du; Shaohua Wu. 2018. "Effect of magnetic field on the ammonia-based CO2 absorption process." The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 96, no. 7: 1462-1467.

Article
Published: 20 November 2017 in The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering
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Mixing coal char into coal powder and enhancing its reactivity with NO in the combustion process of a layer burning furnace is an effective method to realize low-cost resource reduction of NOx. To enhance NO reducibility of char at high temperatures, this study used Shuozhou bituminous coal to prepare different nitriding chars (char modified by nitrogen doping) by changing the nitrogen agent, the dosage of nitrogen agent, and the treatment method. The effects of different nitriding conditions on the NO reducibility of char were evaluated using a programmed temperature rising method. The results show that NO reducibility of char is improved in different degrees after nitriding treatment, which is related to the improvement of pore structure and the formation of nitrogen-containing functional groups. The NO reducibility of char is enhanced in the high-temperature region when increasing the dosage of urea, but excessive urea amounts can hinder the porosity development of char, resulting in the decline of NO reduction efficiency. Ammonium bicarbonate as a nitrogen agent shows better effects on NO reduction below 725 °C compared with urea, but weaker effects above 725 °C. Furthermore, heat treatment can weaken the effect of nitrogen doping, but the overall trend of NO reduction curve is almost unchanged.

ACS Style

Xin Wang; Jianmin Gao; Zhihao Sun; Jian Cheng; Li Xu; Qian Du; Yukun Qin. Effect of nitrogen doping on reactivity of coal char in reducing NO. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017, 96, 873 -880.

AMA Style

Xin Wang, Jianmin Gao, Zhihao Sun, Jian Cheng, Li Xu, Qian Du, Yukun Qin. Effect of nitrogen doping on reactivity of coal char in reducing NO. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering. 2017; 96 (4):873-880.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xin Wang; Jianmin Gao; Zhihao Sun; Jian Cheng; Li Xu; Qian Du; Yukun Qin. 2017. "Effect of nitrogen doping on reactivity of coal char in reducing NO." The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 96, no. 4: 873-880.