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Ecological restoration of coal mine degraded soils across arid and semi-arid environments worldwide remains particularly challenging. Here we used a combination of greenhouse and field experiments to assess the potential role of a woody species, Ulmus pumila, in the restoration of degraded soils associated with coal-mining activities in the northwest China. We investigated how various combinations of water-nitrogen-phosphorus (W–N–P) resources affect multiple growth parameters in U. pumila. We found that several plant growth traits significantly improved with W–N applications, regardless of P inputs. Moderate-to-highest W–N–P doses increased net photosynthesis and transpiration rates, water use efficiency, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents under greenhouse conditions. A combination of high W together with low N–P applications led to high relative water content and net photosynthetic rates under field conditions. Increasing of N–P doses under W-shortage condition, aided U. pumila to enhance osmotic adjustments by increasing contents of proline and soluble sugar and also boost the activity of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase in leaf tissues to reduce accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde content in all conditions of greenhouse and field. Our study is the first to assess the optimum W–N–P resources in U. pumila and demonstrate that optimum growth performance could be obtained under W supplements corresponding to 90 mm year−1, N and P at 110 and 45 kg ha−1, respectively, under field condition. These findings can have far reaching implications for vegetation restoration of degraded areas associated with coal-mining activities across arid and semi-arid regions worldwide.
Rana Roy; Shirin Sultana; Jinxin Wang; Mohammad Golam Mostofa; Tanwne Sarker; M. Mostafizur Rahman Shah; Mohammad Shakhawat Hossain. Revegetation of coal mine degraded arid areas: The role of a native woody species under optimum water and nutrient resources. Environmental Research 2021, 111921 .
AMA StyleRana Roy, Shirin Sultana, Jinxin Wang, Mohammad Golam Mostofa, Tanwne Sarker, M. Mostafizur Rahman Shah, Mohammad Shakhawat Hossain. Revegetation of coal mine degraded arid areas: The role of a native woody species under optimum water and nutrient resources. Environmental Research. 2021; ():111921.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRana Roy; Shirin Sultana; Jinxin Wang; Mohammad Golam Mostofa; Tanwne Sarker; M. Mostafizur Rahman Shah; Mohammad Shakhawat Hossain. 2021. "Revegetation of coal mine degraded arid areas: The role of a native woody species under optimum water and nutrient resources." Environmental Research , no. : 111921.
This study analyzes the effects of credit constraints on technical efficiency of Boro rice growers in the district of Pabna in Bangladesh. Using a simple random sampling technique, the data was collected from 570 Boro rice growers from the Pabna district of Bangladesh. Before conducting a field survey, a theoretical model was designed to identify credit-constrained and non-constrained rice growers. We have analyzed the collected data in two phases: first, we investigated the technical efficiency of Boro rice growers using the stochastic frontier model (SFA); and second, we used an inefficiency effect model to estimate the influence of credit constraints on technical efficiency. Findings indicate that credit-constrained rice growers (CCRG) are 6.7% less technically efficient than credit non-constrained rice growers (CNRG). Findings further indicate that the education level of the household head, family size, certified seed, sowing time, access to extension services, off-farm income, and household savings have significant effects on the technical efficiency of both groups of rice growers. Furthermore, credit size has a significantly positive impact, whereas the interest rate imposed on the principal amount has a significantly negative impact.
Ghulam Rabbany; Yasir Mehmood; Fazlul Hoque; Tanwne Sarker; Kh Zulfikar Hossain; Arshad Ahmad Khan; Mohammad Shakhawat Hossain; Rana Roy; Jianchao Luo. Do credit constraints affect the technical efficiency of Boro rice growers? Evidence from the District Pabna in Bangladesh. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -13.
AMA StyleGhulam Rabbany, Yasir Mehmood, Fazlul Hoque, Tanwne Sarker, Kh Zulfikar Hossain, Arshad Ahmad Khan, Mohammad Shakhawat Hossain, Rana Roy, Jianchao Luo. Do credit constraints affect the technical efficiency of Boro rice growers? Evidence from the District Pabna in Bangladesh. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGhulam Rabbany; Yasir Mehmood; Fazlul Hoque; Tanwne Sarker; Kh Zulfikar Hossain; Arshad Ahmad Khan; Mohammad Shakhawat Hossain; Rana Roy; Jianchao Luo. 2021. "Do credit constraints affect the technical efficiency of Boro rice growers? Evidence from the District Pabna in Bangladesh." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-13.
Women’s empowerment has a great influence on health, nutrition, education, and the overall well-being of societies as well as of the children and households. This study investigates the effect of women’s empowerment on poverty reduction and focuses on household deprivation, in terms of education, health, and standard of living. Primary data was collected from 914 married women from rural areas of Bangladesh using a well-structured questionnaire and a random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and ordinary least squares models were used in this study. The results indicate that increased women’s access to education, asset ownership, decision-making power on children’s health and education, and access to medical facilities, have caused a significant decline in income poverty and multidimensional poverty. However, gender violence, taking resources against women’s will, and preventing women from working outside, have caused a considerable decline in per capita income and an increase in income poverty and multidimensional poverty. Overall, it is found that women’s empowerment has a great impact on the reduction of income poverty and multidimensional poverty in society. The findings of the study can assist and guide policymakers to initiate appropriate strategies for women’s empowerment to reducing poverty in Bangladesh while making progress towards other social and developmental goals.
Wei Wei; Tanwne Sarker; Wioletta Żukiewicz-Sobczak; Rana Roy; G. Alam; Ghulam Rabbany; Mohammad Hossain; Noshaba Aziz. The Influence of Women’s Empowerment on Poverty Reduction in the Rural Areas of Bangladesh: Focus on Health, Education and Living Standard. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 6909 .
AMA StyleWei Wei, Tanwne Sarker, Wioletta Żukiewicz-Sobczak, Rana Roy, G. Alam, Ghulam Rabbany, Mohammad Hossain, Noshaba Aziz. The Influence of Women’s Empowerment on Poverty Reduction in the Rural Areas of Bangladesh: Focus on Health, Education and Living Standard. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (13):6909.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei Wei; Tanwne Sarker; Wioletta Żukiewicz-Sobczak; Rana Roy; G. Alam; Ghulam Rabbany; Mohammad Hossain; Noshaba Aziz. 2021. "The Influence of Women’s Empowerment on Poverty Reduction in the Rural Areas of Bangladesh: Focus on Health, Education and Living Standard." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13: 6909.
Ecosystem degradation as a result of coal mining is a common phenomenon in various regions of the world, especially in arid and semi-arid zones. The implementation of appropriate revegetation techniques can be considered crucial to restore these degraded areas. In this regard, the additions of spent mushroom compost (SMC) and wood biochar (WB) to infertile and degraded soils have been reported to enhance soil fertility and plant growth under water (W) deficit conditions. However, the combined application of W, SMC and WB to coal mine degraded soils, to promote Althaea rosea growth and facilitate subsequent restoration, has not been explored yet. Hence, in the current study a pot experiment was carried out by growing A. rosea on coal mine spoils to assess the influence of different doses of W, SMC and WB on its morpho-physiological and biochemical growth responses. The results indicated that several plant growth traits like plant height, root length and dry biomass significantly improved with moderate W-SMC-WB doses. In addition, the simultaneous application of W-SMC-WB caused a significant decrease in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (by 7–56%), superoxide anion (O2●‒) (by 14–51%), malondialdehyde (MDA) (by 23–46%) and proline (Pro) contents (by 23–66%), as well as an increase in relative water content (by 10–27%), membrane stability index (by 2–24%), net photosynthesis rate (by 40–99%), total chlorophylls (by 43–113%) and carotenoids (by 31–115%), as compared to the control treatment. The addition of SMC and WB under low-W regime enhanced leaf water use efficiency, and soluble sugar content, also boosting the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase in leaf tissues, thus reducing the oxidative stress, as proved by low levels of H2O2, O2●‒, MDA and Pro contents. Finest growth performance under optimum doses of W (60% field capacity), SMC (1.4%) and WB (0.8%) suggest that revegetation of A. rosea with the recommended W-SMC-WB doses would be a suitable and eco-friendly approach for ecological restoration in arid degraded areas.
Rana Roy; Avelino Núñez-Delgado; Shirin Sultana; Jinxin Wang; Ammara Munir; Martin L. Battaglia; Tanwne Sarker; Mahmoud F. Seleiman; Milon Barmon; Ruiqi Zhang. Additions of optimum water, spent mushroom compost and wood biochar to improve the growth performance of Althaea rosea in drought-prone coal-mined spoils. Journal of Environmental Management 2021, 295, 113076 .
AMA StyleRana Roy, Avelino Núñez-Delgado, Shirin Sultana, Jinxin Wang, Ammara Munir, Martin L. Battaglia, Tanwne Sarker, Mahmoud F. Seleiman, Milon Barmon, Ruiqi Zhang. Additions of optimum water, spent mushroom compost and wood biochar to improve the growth performance of Althaea rosea in drought-prone coal-mined spoils. Journal of Environmental Management. 2021; 295 ():113076.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRana Roy; Avelino Núñez-Delgado; Shirin Sultana; Jinxin Wang; Ammara Munir; Martin L. Battaglia; Tanwne Sarker; Mahmoud F. Seleiman; Milon Barmon; Ruiqi Zhang. 2021. "Additions of optimum water, spent mushroom compost and wood biochar to improve the growth performance of Althaea rosea in drought-prone coal-mined spoils." Journal of Environmental Management 295, no. : 113076.
Coal mining activities are responsible for significant land degradation and often long-term irreversible effects on ecosystem functioning. To better understand how coal mined sites could be re-vegetated and ecosystem functioning restored, we address the role of the signalling hormone melatonin, which controls plant growth and development under adverse environmental conditions. We assessed the effects of exogenous melatonin on the plant species Althaea rosea by measuring morphological growth attributes, photosynthetic efficiency, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative damage and antioxidant defence developed by the seedlings when grown on coal-mined spoils under various water regimes. Water deficit and negative effects of coal mine spoils significantly decreased morphological growth attributes (i.e. plant height, root length and dry biomass), gas-exchange traits (i.e. net photosynthesis rate, inter intercellular concentration of CO2, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency) and photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoid contents) by increasing the ROS-induce oxidative damage and decreasing antioxidant enzyme activities of A. rosea seedlings. However, melatonin applications increased photosynthetic performance and antioxidant enzyme activities and decreased hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde contents and ultimately improved growth performance of A. rosea in coal-mined spoils. Overall, our findings show how the application of optimum water (63.0 %field capacity equivalent to 1.67 mm day–1) and melatonin (153.0 μM dose) significantly improves the re-vegetation of coal-mined spoils with A. rosea. Our study provides new insight into melatonin-mediated water stress tolerance in A. rosea grown on coal-mined spoils, and this strategy could be implemented in re-vegetation programmes of coal mine-degraded areas under arid and semiarid conditions of the north-western part of China and perhaps across other arid areas worldwide.
Rana Roy; Shirin Sultana; Naheeda Begum; Dario Fornara; Milon Barmon; Ruiqi Zhang; Tanwne Sarker; Ghulam Rabbany. Exogenous melatonin reduces water deficit-induced oxidative stress and improves growth performance of Althaea rosea grown on coal mine spoils. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -11.
AMA StyleRana Roy, Shirin Sultana, Naheeda Begum, Dario Fornara, Milon Barmon, Ruiqi Zhang, Tanwne Sarker, Ghulam Rabbany. Exogenous melatonin reduces water deficit-induced oxidative stress and improves growth performance of Althaea rosea grown on coal mine spoils. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRana Roy; Shirin Sultana; Naheeda Begum; Dario Fornara; Milon Barmon; Ruiqi Zhang; Tanwne Sarker; Ghulam Rabbany. 2021. "Exogenous melatonin reduces water deficit-induced oxidative stress and improves growth performance of Althaea rosea grown on coal mine spoils." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-11.
Coal-mine spoils are typically drought-prone and deficient in essential nutrients thus creating conditions, which significantly limit plant growth and development. Here, we searched for suitable combinations of key resources [water (W) and fertilizers (nitrogen, N and phosphorus, P)] to improve physiological and biochemical adaptations of Caragana korshinskii to coal-mined spoils. We observed that under low W and N-P resource availability, C. korshinskii displayed poor growth performance in coal-degraded spoils. Negative growth of C. korshinskii was associated with reduced photosynthetic rate, decreased water status and increased contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde. Low resource availability to C. korshinskii resulted in enhanced levels of compatible solutes, including proline and soluble sugars that contributed to osmotic adjustment, and also increased activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase, which ultimately conferred enhanced oxidative stress protection. Moderate-to-high W and N-P doses greatly enhanced C. korshinskii performance in coal-spoils by improving photosynthesis traits, water status and growth-related attributes. Increasing supply of W and N-P also helped C. korshinskii to reduce oxidative stress, as evidenced by low accumulation of ROS and malondialdehyde, and lower induction of antioxidant enzyme activities. The addition of N and P also improved drought resistance of C. korshinskii. Overall, we found that optimum growth of C. korshinskii in coal-mined spoils was achieved under W additions corresponding to 68% of field capacity (1.85 mm d1), N and P at 52.0 and 37.0 mg kg1 soil, respectively. These findings suggest that under appropriate W, N and P doses, C. korshinskii has greater potential to grow and persist in coal-mined spoils and could thus be used for revegetation interventions in drought-prone areas in north-western China, and perhaps across other coal-degraded areas worldwide.
Rana Roy; Mohammad Golam Mostofa; Jinxin Wang; Dario Fornara; Tanwne Sarker; Ruiqi Zhang. Revegetation intervention of drought-prone coal-mined spoils using Caragana korshinskii under variable water and nitrogen-phosphorus resources. Agricultural Water Management 2020, 246, 106712 .
AMA StyleRana Roy, Mohammad Golam Mostofa, Jinxin Wang, Dario Fornara, Tanwne Sarker, Ruiqi Zhang. Revegetation intervention of drought-prone coal-mined spoils using Caragana korshinskii under variable water and nitrogen-phosphorus resources. Agricultural Water Management. 2020; 246 ():106712.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRana Roy; Mohammad Golam Mostofa; Jinxin Wang; Dario Fornara; Tanwne Sarker; Ruiqi Zhang. 2020. "Revegetation intervention of drought-prone coal-mined spoils using Caragana korshinskii under variable water and nitrogen-phosphorus resources." Agricultural Water Management 246, no. : 106712.
Rana Roy; Jinxin Wang; Mohammad Golam Mostofa; Dario Fornara; Ashim Sikdar; Tanwne Sarker; Xiuqing Wang; Mohammad Shah Jahan. Fine-tuning of soil water and nutrient fertilizer levels for the ecological restoration of coal-mined spoils using Elaeagnus angustifolia. Journal of Environmental Management 2020, 270, 110855 .
AMA StyleRana Roy, Jinxin Wang, Mohammad Golam Mostofa, Dario Fornara, Ashim Sikdar, Tanwne Sarker, Xiuqing Wang, Mohammad Shah Jahan. Fine-tuning of soil water and nutrient fertilizer levels for the ecological restoration of coal-mined spoils using Elaeagnus angustifolia. Journal of Environmental Management. 2020; 270 ():110855.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRana Roy; Jinxin Wang; Mohammad Golam Mostofa; Dario Fornara; Ashim Sikdar; Tanwne Sarker; Xiuqing Wang; Mohammad Shah Jahan. 2020. "Fine-tuning of soil water and nutrient fertilizer levels for the ecological restoration of coal-mined spoils using Elaeagnus angustifolia." Journal of Environmental Management 270, no. : 110855.
Background Water availability and nutrient-status of soils play crucial roles in seedling establishment and plant survival in coal-spoiled areas worldwide. Restoration of spoils pertains to the application of proper doses of nutrients and water, and selection of particular plant species for efficient revegetation. This study aimed at examining the potential effects of different combinations of soil-water and fertilizers (nitrogen, N and phosphorus, P) on morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes of Amorpha fruticosa grown in coal-mined spoils. Three factors five-level central-composite-design with optimization technique response surface methodology (rsm) was used to optimize water irrigation and fertilizer application strategies. Results Our results revealed a strong correlation between experimental data and predicted values developed from the rsm model. The best responses of A. fruticosa in terms of plant height, stem diameter, root length, and dry biomass were observed under a high-water regime. Low-water regime caused a notable reduction in growth-associated parameters, and fertilization with either N or P did not show positive effects on those parameters, indicating that soil-water was the most influential factor for growth performance. Leaf water potential, gas-exchange parameters, and chlorophyll content significantly increased under high levels of soil-water, N and P, suggesting a synergistic effect of these factors for the improvement of photosynthesis-related parameters. At low soil-water contents and N-P fertilizer application levels, enhanced accumulation of malondialdehyde and proline indicated that A. fruticosa suffered from oxidative and osmotic stresses. Amorpha fruticosa also responded to oxidative stress by accelerating the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase. The effects of both fertilizers relied on soil-water, and fertilization was most effective under well-watered conditions. The maximum growth of A. fruticosa was observed under the combination of soil-water, N-dose and P-dose at 76% field capacity, 52.0 mg kg− 1 and 49.0 mg kg− 1, respectively. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that rsm effectively designed appropriate doses of water and N-P fertilizer to restore coal-spoiled soils. Furthermore, A. fruticosa responded to low-water and fertilizer-shortage by upregulating defensive mechanism to avoid damage induced by such deficiencies. Finally, our findings provide effective strategies for revegetation of coal-contaminated spoils with A. fruticosa using appropriate doses of water and N-P fertilizers.
Rana Roy; Mohammad Golam Mostofa; Jinxin Wang; Ashim Sikdar; Tanwne Sarker. Improvement of growth performance of Amorpha fruticosa under contrasting regime of water and fertilizer in coal-contaminated spoils using response surface methodology. BMC Plant Biology 2020, 20, 1 -15.
AMA StyleRana Roy, Mohammad Golam Mostofa, Jinxin Wang, Ashim Sikdar, Tanwne Sarker. Improvement of growth performance of Amorpha fruticosa under contrasting regime of water and fertilizer in coal-contaminated spoils using response surface methodology. BMC Plant Biology. 2020; 20 (1):1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRana Roy; Mohammad Golam Mostofa; Jinxin Wang; Ashim Sikdar; Tanwne Sarker. 2020. "Improvement of growth performance of Amorpha fruticosa under contrasting regime of water and fertilizer in coal-contaminated spoils using response surface methodology." BMC Plant Biology 20, no. 1: 1-15.
A greenhouse pot trial was conducted to investigate the effect of organic amendments combined with triple superphosphate on the bioavailability of heavy metals (HMs), Amorpha fruticosa growth and metal uptake from Pb-Zn mine tailings. Cattle manure compost (CMC), spent mushroom compost (SMC) and agricultural field soil (AFS) were applied to tailings at 5%, 10%, 20% and 30% w/w ratio, whereas sewage sludge (SS) and wood biochar (WB) were mixed at 2.5%, 5%, 10% and 20% w/w ratio. Triple superphosphate (TSP) was added to all the treatments at 4:1 (molar ratio). Amendments efficiently decreased DTPA-extracted Pb, Zn, Cd and Cu in treatments. Chlorophyll contents and shoot and root dry biomass significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the treatments of CMC (except T4 for chlorophyll b) and SMC, whereas treatments of SS (except T1 for chlorophyll a and b), WB and AFS (except T4 for chlorophyll a and b) did not show positive effects as compared to CK1. Bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) values in plant tissues were below 1 for most treatments. In amended treatments, soluble protein content increased, phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) decreased, and catalase (CAT) activity showed varied results as compared to CK1 and CK2. Results suggested that A. fruticosa can be a potential metal phytostabilizer and use of CMC or SMC in combination with TSP are more effective than other combinations for the in situ stabilization of Pb-Zn mine tailings.
Ashim Sikdar; Jinxin Wang; Mirza Hasanuzzaman; Xiaoyang Liu; Shulin Feng; Rana Roy; Tanveer Ali Sial; Altaf Hussain Lahori; Parimala Gnana Soundari Arockiam Jeyasundar; Xiuqing Wang. Phytostabilization of Pb-Zn Mine Tailings with Amorpha fruticosa Aided by Organic Amendments and Triple Superphosphate. Molecules 2020, 25, 1617 .
AMA StyleAshim Sikdar, Jinxin Wang, Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Xiaoyang Liu, Shulin Feng, Rana Roy, Tanveer Ali Sial, Altaf Hussain Lahori, Parimala Gnana Soundari Arockiam Jeyasundar, Xiuqing Wang. Phytostabilization of Pb-Zn Mine Tailings with Amorpha fruticosa Aided by Organic Amendments and Triple Superphosphate. Molecules. 2020; 25 (7):1617.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAshim Sikdar; Jinxin Wang; Mirza Hasanuzzaman; Xiaoyang Liu; Shulin Feng; Rana Roy; Tanveer Ali Sial; Altaf Hussain Lahori; Parimala Gnana Soundari Arockiam Jeyasundar; Xiuqing Wang. 2020. "Phytostabilization of Pb-Zn Mine Tailings with Amorpha fruticosa Aided by Organic Amendments and Triple Superphosphate." Molecules 25, no. 7: 1617.
This study aimed to screen out the shrub species which can promote the seed germination and seedling growth of Amygdalus pedunculata Pall. and offer insight for ecological environment governance of the coal mines subsidence area in Mu Us Sandy Land, Yulin City of Shaanxi Province. The indoor bioassay method was used to study the aqueous leaf extracts from Amorpha fruticosa Linn., Hedysarum mongolicum Turez., Sabina vulgaris Ant., and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. under different concentration gradients to examine seed germination, initial growth, and physiological and biochemical of two Amygdalus pedunculata varieties (YY-1 from Yuyang County (YY) and SM-6 from Shenmu County (SM), Shaanxi Province, China). The results showed that with aqueous leaf extracts concentrations at lower concentrations of 0.025 (T1) and 0.05 g·mL−1 (T2) from A. fruticosa, H. mongolicum, and S. vulgaris significantly promoted seed germination and seedling growth of two A. pedunculata varieties. Moreover, H. rhamnoides aqueous leaf extracts had the strongest inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling growth of A. pedunculata, and death occurred at concentrations of 0.15 (T4) and 0.20 g·mL−1 (T5). The enzyme activity and chlorophyll content of the A. pedunculata leaves decreased with an increase in the aqueous leaf extracts concentration of the four shrubs; the change trend of malondialdehyde content was the opposite. Root activity of the A. pedunculata increased and then decreased. The H. mongolicum and S. vulgaris are the most suitable mixed tree species for YY-1, while H. mongolicum and A. fruticosa are the most suitable mixed tree species for SM-6 at a relatively low density with more security. The results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the establishment of an artificial mixed forest of A. pedunculata in the coal mine subsidence area of Mu Us Sandy Land.
Xiuqing Wang; Jinxin Wang; Ruiqi Zhang; You Huang; Shulin Feng; Xu Ma; Yuyu Zhang; Ashim Sikdar; Rana Roy. Allelopathic Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extracts from Four Shrub Species on Seed Germination and Initial Growth of Amygdalus pedunculata Pall. Forests 2018, 9, 711 .
AMA StyleXiuqing Wang, Jinxin Wang, Ruiqi Zhang, You Huang, Shulin Feng, Xu Ma, Yuyu Zhang, Ashim Sikdar, Rana Roy. Allelopathic Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extracts from Four Shrub Species on Seed Germination and Initial Growth of Amygdalus pedunculata Pall. Forests. 2018; 9 (11):711.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiuqing Wang; Jinxin Wang; Ruiqi Zhang; You Huang; Shulin Feng; Xu Ma; Yuyu Zhang; Ashim Sikdar; Rana Roy. 2018. "Allelopathic Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extracts from Four Shrub Species on Seed Germination and Initial Growth of Amygdalus pedunculata Pall." Forests 9, no. 11: 711.