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The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology was applied to identify the potential environmental impact of dredged sediments used as growing media for food crops. The dredged sediments used came from Livorno port and were previously phytoremediated. For the assay, strawberry plants (Fragaria x ananassa Duch vr. ‘San Andreas’) were used. The plants were cultivated on three different substrates (100% peat, 100% dredged sediment and 50% mix peat/sediment) to identify the real impact of the culture media on the growing process. LCA was calculated and analyzed according to ISO 14040:2006 by SimaPro software. ReCipe Midpoint (E) V1.13/Europe Recipe E method was applied. One kilogram of produced strawberry, for each crop media tested, was defined as the functional unit. Eighteen impact categories were selected where Marine Eutrophication (ME), Human Toxicity (HT) and Freshwater Ecotoxicity (FET) were identified as relevant impact categories. The LCA results showed an increase in the environmental impact of strawberry cultivation using 100% sediment against 100% peat, due to the decrease in fruit production caused by the sediment. Nevertheless, the decrease in the environmental impact and the fruit production increase identified when the sediment is used mixed (<50%) with other substrates. The appropriate use of these substrates would be justified within the context of the circular economy.
Pilar Legua; Francisca Hernández; Francesca Tozzi; Rafael Martínez-Font; David Jorquera; Caridad Jiménez; Edgardo Giordani; Juan Martínez-Nicolás; Pablo Melgarejo. Application of LCA Methodology to the Production of Strawberry on Substrates with Peat and Sediments from Ports. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6323 .
AMA StylePilar Legua, Francisca Hernández, Francesca Tozzi, Rafael Martínez-Font, David Jorquera, Caridad Jiménez, Edgardo Giordani, Juan Martínez-Nicolás, Pablo Melgarejo. Application of LCA Methodology to the Production of Strawberry on Substrates with Peat and Sediments from Ports. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6323.
Chicago/Turabian StylePilar Legua; Francisca Hernández; Francesca Tozzi; Rafael Martínez-Font; David Jorquera; Caridad Jiménez; Edgardo Giordani; Juan Martínez-Nicolás; Pablo Melgarejo. 2021. "Application of LCA Methodology to the Production of Strawberry on Substrates with Peat and Sediments from Ports." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6323.
Equations were developed through multiple regression analysis (MRA) to explain the variability of potential environmental impacts (PEIs) estimated by life cycle assessment (LCA). The case studied refers to the production of seabass in basic offshore fish farms. Contribution analysis showed that the components of the system which most influence the potential environmental impacts are the feed (54% of the overall impact) and the fuel consumed by vessels operating in the farm (23%). Feed and fuel varied widely from one fish farm to another due to different factors, such as the efficiency of the feeding system used in each of them, or the distance from the harbor to the farm. Therefore, a number of scenarios (13) were simulated with different values of both factors and the results of the PEI were fitted by MRA to the model: PEI = a + b × Feed + c × Fuel. For all the PEIs, the regression coefficients were significant (p < 0.05) and R2 was 1. These equations allow us to estimate simply and quickly very different scenarios that reflect the reality of different farms at the present time, but also future scenarios based on the implementation of technologies that will decrease both feed and fuel consumption.
Benjamín García García; Caridad Rosique Jiménez; Felipe Aguado-Giménez; José García García. Life Cycle Assessment of Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Produced in Offshore Fish Farms: Variability and Multiple Regression Analysis. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3523 .
AMA StyleBenjamín García García, Caridad Rosique Jiménez, Felipe Aguado-Giménez, José García García. Life Cycle Assessment of Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Produced in Offshore Fish Farms: Variability and Multiple Regression Analysis. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (13):3523.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBenjamín García García; Caridad Rosique Jiménez; Felipe Aguado-Giménez; José García García. 2019. "Life Cycle Assessment of Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Produced in Offshore Fish Farms: Variability and Multiple Regression Analysis." Sustainability 11, no. 13: 3523.
Life cycle assessment is used in this study to evaluate the potential environmental impacts of producing gilthead seabream in an offshore sea farm exposed to storms in the Spanish Mediterranean Sea. The farming methods used can be considered as “basic” since no centralized or automatic food distribution system exists and there is no control system. This study aims to identify the main hotspots under these conditions and to propose and compare viable alternatives to them. Contribution analysis found that the component of the system with the greatest potential environmental impact (48% of the overall impact) was fish feed, especially the raw material used. Other contributory factors were the fuel consumed by the vessels operating in the farm (35%), the dumping of N and P in the environment due to the metabolism of the fish (12%), the cages and their anchorage system (5%). A sensitivity analysis showed that a significant reduction in potential environmental impact can be achieved by increasing feeding efficiency. Feed formulation in raw materials is also an important factor and could serve to diminish overall adverse effects. A balance needs to be found between productive performance (growth, survival and feed conversion rate), feed price and its influence on production costs and the overall environmental consequences.
Benjamín García García; Caridad Rosique Jiménez; Felipe Aguado-Giménez; José García García. Life Cycle Assessment of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Production in Offshore Fish Farms. Sustainability 2016, 8, 1228 .
AMA StyleBenjamín García García, Caridad Rosique Jiménez, Felipe Aguado-Giménez, José García García. Life Cycle Assessment of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Production in Offshore Fish Farms. Sustainability. 2016; 8 (12):1228.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBenjamín García García; Caridad Rosique Jiménez; Felipe Aguado-Giménez; José García García. 2016. "Life Cycle Assessment of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Production in Offshore Fish Farms." Sustainability 8, no. 12: 1228.