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Background The impacts of land use on greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions have been extensively studied. However, the underlying mechanisms on how soil aggregate structure, soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N (TN) distributions in different soil aggregate sizes influencing carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from alpine grassland ecosystems remain largely unexplored. Methods A microcosm experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of land use change on CO2and N2O emissions from different soil aggregate fractions. Soil samples were collected from three land use types, i.e., non-grazing natural grassland (CK), grazing grassland (GG), and artificial grassland (GC) in the Bayinbuluk alpine pastureland. Soil aggregate fractionation was performed using a wet-sieving method. The variations of soil aggregate structure, SOC, and TN in different soil aggregates were measured. The fluxes of CO2 and N2O were measured by a gas chromatograph. Results Compared to CK and GG, GC treatment significantly decreased SOC (by 24.9–45.2%) and TN (by 20.6–41.6%) across all soil aggregate sizes, and altered their distributions among soil aggregate fractions. The cumulative emissions of CO2 and N2O in soil aggregate fractions in the treatments of CK and GG were 39.5–76.1% and 92.7–96.7% higher than in the GC treatment, respectively. Moreover, cumulative CO2emissions from different soil aggregate sizes in the treatments of CK and GG followed the order of small macroaggregates (2–0.25 mm) > large macroaggregates (> 2 mm) > micro aggregates (0.25–0.053 mm) > clay +silt (< 0.053 mm), whereas it decreased with aggregate sizes decreasing in the GC treatment. Additionally, soil CO2 emissions were positively correlated with SOC and TN contents. The highest cumulative N2O emission occurred in micro aggregates under the treatments of CK and GG, and N2O emissions among different aggregate sizes almost no significant difference under the GC treatment. Conclusions Conversion of natural grassland to artificial grassland changed the pattern of CO2 emissions from different soil aggregate fractions by deteriorating soil aggregate structure and altering soil SOC and TN distributions. Our findings will be helpful to develop a pragmatic management strategy for mitigating GHGs emissions from alpine grassland.
Mei Zhang; Dianpeng Li; Xuyang Wang; Maidinuer Abulaiz; Pujia Yu; Jun Li; Xinping Zhu; Hongtao Jia. Conversion of alpine pastureland to artificial grassland altered CO2 and N2O emissions by decreasing C and N in different soil aggregates. PeerJ 2021, 9, e11807 .
AMA StyleMei Zhang, Dianpeng Li, Xuyang Wang, Maidinuer Abulaiz, Pujia Yu, Jun Li, Xinping Zhu, Hongtao Jia. Conversion of alpine pastureland to artificial grassland altered CO2 and N2O emissions by decreasing C and N in different soil aggregates. PeerJ. 2021; 9 ():e11807.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMei Zhang; Dianpeng Li; Xuyang Wang; Maidinuer Abulaiz; Pujia Yu; Jun Li; Xinping Zhu; Hongtao Jia. 2021. "Conversion of alpine pastureland to artificial grassland altered CO2 and N2O emissions by decreasing C and N in different soil aggregates." PeerJ 9, no. : e11807.
In arid regions, decreased soil fertility has adversely affected agricultural sustainability. The effects of different amendments in alleviating these issues and increasing soil fertility remain unclear. Herein, a two-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the properties of grey desert soil and soil respiration (SR) dynamics under six different treatment groups: biochar (BC), leonardite (LD), anionic polyacrylamide (PAM−), cationic polyacrylamide (PAM+) powder, anionic polyacrylamide solution in water (PAM−W), and control (CK). We observed that the BC and LD amendments significantly altered soil pH, organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, cation exchange capacity, and SR. PAM amendment increased the SR as compared to the control, except in autumn, but PAM did not affect the soil properties. SR under different amendments showed strong seasonal patterns, the highest and lowest SR rates were observed in June and January, respectively. Amendments and seasonal dynamics significantly affected SR, but no interaction was observed between these factors. Temporal variation of SR was substantially influenced by soil temperature at 15 cm of soil depth. Temperature sensitivity of SR (Q10) increased with soil depth and decreased with amendment addition. SR was significantly affected by soil temperature, moisture, air temperature, and their interactions. The outcomes of this study suggested that the BC and LD amendments improved soil fertility and negated the net carbon accumulation by increasing the SR and Q10 in arid agriculture soil.
Dianpeng Li; Jianqin Zhou; Yuxin Zhang; Tao Sun; Shuqing An; Hongtao Jia. Effects of Amendments on Physicochemical Properties and Respiration Rate of Soil from the Arid Region of Northwest China. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5332 .
AMA StyleDianpeng Li, Jianqin Zhou, Yuxin Zhang, Tao Sun, Shuqing An, Hongtao Jia. Effects of Amendments on Physicochemical Properties and Respiration Rate of Soil from the Arid Region of Northwest China. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (10):5332.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDianpeng Li; Jianqin Zhou; Yuxin Zhang; Tao Sun; Shuqing An; Hongtao Jia. 2021. "Effects of Amendments on Physicochemical Properties and Respiration Rate of Soil from the Arid Region of Northwest China." Sustainability 13, no. 10: 5332.
Environmental managers and policymakers increasingly discuss trade-offs between ecosystem services (ESs). However, few studies have used nonlinear models to provide scenario-specific land-use planning. This study determined the effects of different future land use/land cover (LULC) scenarios on ESs in the Yili River Valley, China, and analyzed the trade-offs and synergistic response characteristics. We simulated land-use changes in the Yili River Valley during 2020–2030 under three different scenarios using a patch-generating land-use simulation (PLUS) model—business as usual (BAU), economic development (ED), and ecological conservation (EC). Subsequently, we evaluated the water yield (WY), carbon storage (CS), soil retention (SR), and nutrient export (NE) ESs by combining the PLUS and integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs (InVEST) models, thus exploring multiple trade-offs among these four ESs at a regional scale. For the BAU scenario, there are some synergistic effects between WY and SR in the Yili River Valley, in addition to significant trade-off effects between CS and NE. For the ED scenario, the rapid expansion of cropland and constructed land is at the expense of forested grassland, leading to a significant decline in ESs. For the EC scenario, the model predicted that the cumulative regional net future carbon storage, cumulative water retention, and cumulative soil conservation would all increase due to ecological engineering and the revegetation of riparian zones and that formerly steep agricultural land can be effective in improving ESs. Meanwhile, the trade-off effect would be significantly weakened between CS and NE. These results can inform decision makers on specific sites where ecological engineering is implemented. Our findings can enhance stakeholders’ understanding of the interactions between ESs indicators in different scenarios.
Mingjie Shi; Hongqi Wu; Xin Fan; Hongtao Jia; Tong Dong; Panxing He; Muhammad Fahad Baqa; Pingan Jiang. Trade-Offs and Synergies of Multiple Ecosystem Services for Different Land Use Scenarios in the Yili River Valley, China. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1577 .
AMA StyleMingjie Shi, Hongqi Wu, Xin Fan, Hongtao Jia, Tong Dong, Panxing He, Muhammad Fahad Baqa, Pingan Jiang. Trade-Offs and Synergies of Multiple Ecosystem Services for Different Land Use Scenarios in the Yili River Valley, China. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1577.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMingjie Shi; Hongqi Wu; Xin Fan; Hongtao Jia; Tong Dong; Panxing He; Muhammad Fahad Baqa; Pingan Jiang. 2021. "Trade-Offs and Synergies of Multiple Ecosystem Services for Different Land Use Scenarios in the Yili River Valley, China." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1577.
Litter decomposition plays an important role in the nutrient cycle of terrestrial ecosystems. The alpine wetland has a high litter accumulation rate and a slow degradation rate, which is extremely sensitive to changeable freeze–thaw patterns against the background of global climate change. Freeze-thaw process is a common natural phenomenon in middle-high latitudes and high altitudes. Hydrothermal changes caused by freezing and thawing process affect the survival and physiological characteristics of microorganisms, and then affect the decomposition process of litters. The alpine wetland could be an ideal example for wetland in high altitude to study the mechanism of microbial community structure and function during litter composition during freeze–thaw process. Moreover, seldom has research in the whole process in the fields. The bacterial and fungal communities were analyzed in three different Carex litter decomposition stages—fresh, four-, and six-month—during the freeze–thaw period using 16/18S rDNA pyrosequencing. Phyllosphere microflora had identified rapid changes in the structure and function. Bacteria were mainly influenced by environmental factors (air temperature, soil moisture), and were significantly related to the degradation of litter lignin and the change of C/N ratio. Fungi were affected by both litter quality and environmental factors, and were significantly related to the degradation of cellulose and the change of C/N ratio. Moreover, phyllosphere organisms, including bacteria (Cryobacterium and Paracoccus members) and fungi (Mrakia, Mrakiella, and Naganishia), were replaced by communities with specific metabolic capabilities to adapt to each particular decomposition stage. Ilumatobacter and the fungal genera, Mycosphaerella and Athelia were characteristic of four-month-old litter samples, whereas Brevundimonas, Paracoccus and Nigrospora were characteristic of six-month-old litter samples. Our results suggest that the bacterial community structures of Carex and forest litter during initial decomposition stages may be similar but that their fungal community structures may differ substantially.
Mo Chen; Xinping Zhu; Chengyi Zhao; Pujia Yu; Maidinuer Abulaizi; Hongtao Jia. Rapid microbial community evolution in initial Carex litter decomposition stages in Bayinbuluk alpine wetland during the freeze–thaw period. Ecological Indicators 2020, 121, 107180 .
AMA StyleMo Chen, Xinping Zhu, Chengyi Zhao, Pujia Yu, Maidinuer Abulaizi, Hongtao Jia. Rapid microbial community evolution in initial Carex litter decomposition stages in Bayinbuluk alpine wetland during the freeze–thaw period. Ecological Indicators. 2020; 121 ():107180.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMo Chen; Xinping Zhu; Chengyi Zhao; Pujia Yu; Maidinuer Abulaizi; Hongtao Jia. 2020. "Rapid microbial community evolution in initial Carex litter decomposition stages in Bayinbuluk alpine wetland during the freeze–thaw period." Ecological Indicators 121, no. : 107180.