Encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles are of increasing interest for biomedical applications. However, up to now, it is still not possible to characterize their localized magnetic properties within the capsules. Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM) has proved to be a suitable technique to image magnetic nanoparticles at ambient conditions revealing information about the spatial distribution and the magnetic properties of the nanoparticles simultaneously. However, MFM measurements on magnetic nanoparticles lead to falsifications of the magnetic MFM signal due to the topographic crosstalk. The origin of the topographic crosstalk in MFM has been proven to be capacitive coupling effects due to distance change between the substrate and tip measuring above the nanoparticle. In this paper, we present data fusion of the topography measurements of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and the phase image of MFM measurements in combination with the theory of capacitive coupling in order to eliminate the topographic crosstalk in the phase image. This method offers a novel approach for the magnetic visualization of encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles.

Topographic cross‐talk is still an issue in magnetic force microscopy (MFM) as well as in electric force microscopy (EFM). Using interleave mode measurements, combining a first topographic scan with a second scan in a certain distance from the surface following the topography from the first scan, capacitive coupling effects occur while measuring nanoparticles. This article focuses on the influence of the dielectric constant of polystyrene nanoparticles in interleave mode MFM measurements. To investigate the contribution of the capacitive coupling effect to the signal, nonmagnetic polystyrene nanoparticles are investigated. The tip‐substrate distance change above the nanoparticle leads to a positive phase shift in MFM signals. Simulations and fits to the experimental data allow the investigation of the influence of the dielectric constant of the nanoparticles on topographic effects in interleave mode measurements in general.

The enhancement of the out‐coupling efficiency of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) is still the subject of research and development. Bottom‐emission OLEDs emit light through the glass substrate into air. Due to the difference of the refractive indices between glass and air, a significant amount of light is reflected at the glass–air interface back into the glass because of total internal reflection. One possibility to avoid total internal reflection at the glass–air interface is the use of lenses. Herein, the concept of macrolenses for pixelated OLEDs is presented. For the design of the lenses, the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the OLED have to be considered, and the contact angle of the lens has to be adapted to the geometrical conditions. A process based on inkjet etching and inkjet printing has been developed which now allows the printing of lenses with defined radius and contact angle. Measurements of the luminance show an improved out‐coupling efficiency.