Clausena lansium Lour. Skeels (Rutaceae) is widely distributed in South China and has historically been used as a traditional medicine in local healthcare systems. Although the characteristic components (carbazole alkaloids and coumarins) of C. lansium have been found to possess a wide variety of biological activities, little attention has been paid toward the other components of this plant. In the current study, phytochemical analysis of isolates from a water-soluble stem and leaf extract of C. lansium led to the identification of 12 compounds, including five aromatic glycosides, four sesquiterpene glycosides, two dihydrofuranocoumarin glycosides, and one adenosine. All compounds were isolated for the first time from the genus Clausena, including a new aromatic glycoside (1), a new dihydrofuranocoumarin glycoside (6), and two new sesquiterpene glycosides (8 and 9). The phytochemical structures of the isolates were elucidated using spectroscopic analyses including NMR and MS. The existence of these compounds demonstrates the taxonomic significance of C. lansium in the genus Clausena and suggests that some glycosides from this plant probably play a role in the anticancer activity of C. lansium to some extent.

C₂₀H₁₃F₃N₄O₂, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 11.3525(10) Å, b = 12.7530(11) Å, c = 13.1926(12) Å, α = 83.894(1)°, β = 69.314(1)°, γ = 84.720(1)°, V = 1773.7(3) ų, Z = 4, R _gt(F) = 0.0477, wR _ref(F ²) = 0.1433, T = 296(2) K.

Sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani is a primary yield-limiting disease in rice production. At present, jinggangmycin remains the most prevalently applied fungicide for managing sheath blight in China; however, the development of resistance to it has been documented. Fluindapyr is a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide that has not yet been registered for use in China. To explore highly efficacious fungicides and facilitate resistance monitoring, the baseline sensitivity of fluindapyr against R. solani isolates was established and the control efficacy of combination of fluindapyr + jinggangmycin to control rice sheath blight in field trials was evaluated in this study. 103 isolates of R. solani were collected from Jiangxi province, China in 2022. The median effective concentration (EC50) values of fluindapyr ranged from 0.010 to 0.026 μg/mL, averaging 0.016 μg/mL, indicating that all isolates remained sensitive. Fluindapyr and jinggangmycin exhibited a synergistic effect, with the maximum synergy ratio of 2.70 at the mixing ratio of 1:9. In the two-year field trials, fluindapyr + jinggangmycin at 171 g/ha was the most effective treatment against rice sheath blight, with control efficacy of 89.46% and 91.44% in 2023 and 2024, respectively, superior to thifluzamide treatment as the commercial control. Additionally, compared to the control, all treatments (except jinggangmycin at 120 g/ha in 2024) significantly increased rice grain yield by 1.74-11.53% and 7.48-11.81% in 2023 and 2024, respectively. The greatest yield was observed in both years from the treatment of fluindapyr + jinggangmycin at 171 g/ha, followed by fluindapyr at 60 g/ha and thifluzamide at 72 g/ha, with no significant differences among these three treatments. These results indicate that fluindapyr has the potential to control rice sheath blight, providing a scientific basis for resistance monitoring and future application.