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The purpose of this study, which contains historical data recorded over a period of 40 years, was to identify the main factors that influence and control the level of wood mass production. The main reason was to optimize the management of forest areas and was driven by the necessity to identify factors that can influence most of the volume produced by coniferous forests located in southeast Europe. The data was collected between1980 and 2005 at the National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry, for forests located in the Southern Carpathians, Romania. The studied data refer to the parameters that model forest structure for spruce, fir, pine, and larch. These are the main resinous species found in the Southern Carpathians. The total area covered by these forests is 143,431 ha. At the forest species level, the analysis consists of 16,162 records (corresponding to the elements of the trees), covering an area of 45,008 ha for fir, 4711 ha for larch, 81,995 ha for spruce, and 11,717 ha for pine. The aim of this research has been to investigate and to assess the impact and magnitude of abiotic factors such as altitude and field aspect on forest structures from the main resinous stands located in the Southern Carpathians. Taking into account the size of the database as well as the duration for collecting data, a complete statistical and systematic approach was considered optimum. This resulted from our wish to emphasize and evaluate the influence of each analysed factor on the wood mass production level. The relationship between abiotic factors and forest structure has been analysed by using a systematic statistical approach in order to provide a useful theoretical reference for the improvement of forest management practices in the context of multiple climatic, environmental, and socio-economic challenges. These common characteristics have been found by applying ANOVA and multivariate statistical methods such as PCA and FA methods. A series of parameters were considered in this investigation, namely altitude (ALT), forest site type (TS), forest type (TP), consistency (CONS) etc. In order to obtain a complete image, we have also applied multivariate analysis methods that emphasize the effect size for each database parameter. At such a level of recorded data, the statistical approach ensures a factor level of p <0.001 while the accuracy in evaluating effect size is increased. As such, they influence the spreading and structure of the studied resinous stands to a higher degree, regardless of species.
Gabriel Murariu; Lucian Dinca; Nicu Tudose; Vlad Crisan; Lucian Georgescu; Dan Munteanu; Mihai Dragu; Bogdan Rosu; George Mocanu. Structural Characteristics of the Main Resinous Stands from Southern Carpathians, Romania. Forests 2021, 12, 1029 .
AMA StyleGabriel Murariu, Lucian Dinca, Nicu Tudose, Vlad Crisan, Lucian Georgescu, Dan Munteanu, Mihai Dragu, Bogdan Rosu, George Mocanu. Structural Characteristics of the Main Resinous Stands from Southern Carpathians, Romania. Forests. 2021; 12 (8):1029.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriel Murariu; Lucian Dinca; Nicu Tudose; Vlad Crisan; Lucian Georgescu; Dan Munteanu; Mihai Dragu; Bogdan Rosu; George Mocanu. 2021. "Structural Characteristics of the Main Resinous Stands from Southern Carpathians, Romania." Forests 12, no. 8: 1029.
In a changing climate, forest managers need to select productive and climate-change-resilient tree species and provenances. Therefore, assessing the growth response of provenances growing in field trials to climate provides useful information for identifying the more appropriate provenance or variety. To determine the genetic gain through selection of the most productive and resilient families and to decipher the role of crown forms of Norway spruces (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), we used 24 families with a classical crown (pyramidalis) and 24 with a narrow crown (pendula) from eight provenances, growing in a 25-year-old comparative trial. The annual wood characteristics (ring width and early- and latewood), the wood resistance (expressed by latewood proportion (LWP)), and the growth response to climate of the two spruce crown forms were investigated. No significant differences between the two spruce forms were found regarding the ring width characteristics. However, three pendula families of Stâna de Vale I provenance exhibited the highest LWP and could be included in a future selection strategy, the respective trait having also high heritability. Radial growth was positively and significantly correlated with previous September and current July precipitation and negatively with current June temperature. Both spruce forms showed good recovery capacity after a drought event.
Marius Budeanu; Ecaterina Apostol; Emanuel Besliu; Vlad Crișan; Any Petritan. Phenotypic Variability and Differences in the Drought Response of Norway Spruce Pendula and Pyramidalis Half-Sib Families. Forests 2021, 12, 947 .
AMA StyleMarius Budeanu, Ecaterina Apostol, Emanuel Besliu, Vlad Crișan, Any Petritan. Phenotypic Variability and Differences in the Drought Response of Norway Spruce Pendula and Pyramidalis Half-Sib Families. Forests. 2021; 12 (7):947.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarius Budeanu; Ecaterina Apostol; Emanuel Besliu; Vlad Crișan; Any Petritan. 2021. "Phenotypic Variability and Differences in the Drought Response of Norway Spruce Pendula and Pyramidalis Half-Sib Families." Forests 12, no. 7: 947.
More than a third of Romania’s surface has low-productive soils, at the same time exposed to risks of climatic phenomena and generating high economic loss. Afforestation with pine has been the most common solution for the recovery of sheet erosion. Many of the pines grown on such land have run down. This paper presents the results of the first dendroecological investigation of degraded lands in Romania, 80 years after the first ecological reconstruction. In this way, the effects of reconstruction were assessed, supporting the adoption of future solutions for the improvement and efficiency of recovered ecosystems. Reconstructed radial growth was set against rainfall, air temperature, and management history. A total of 330 black pine and Scots pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L. and Pinus nigra Arn.) of different ages and social positions from 11 stands of different densities were cored for retrospective tree-ring analysis. Scots pine has made better use of these sites, with a better growth rate than black pine especially in plantations with lower survival and on dominant trees. The dynamics of radial growth distinguish the two pine species, with Scots pine showing an accentuated juvenile growth spurt and bigger growth range. The growth decline is predominantly a maturation effect that begins when the tree is around 40 years old and seems to be irreversible. After this age, weak or moderated removal is not enough to revive growth. The contribution of climate (air temperature and rainfall) to the last radial increments in decline is 3–57% and is higher than in the previous decades. On moderately degraded land by farming and grazing, the mixture of Scots pine and black pine, rather than monocultures, proved to be a sustainable solution. Dendrochronological surveying of restored ecosystems allows development of management strategies, which becomes critically important in the circumstances of climate warming.
Ciprian Valentin Silvestru-Grigore; Florin Dinulică; Gheorghe Spârchez; Aureliu Florin Hălălișan; Lucian Constantin Dincă; Raluca Elena Enescu; Vlad Emil Crișan. Radial Growth Behavior of Pines on Romanian Degraded Lands. Forests 2018, 9, 213 .
AMA StyleCiprian Valentin Silvestru-Grigore, Florin Dinulică, Gheorghe Spârchez, Aureliu Florin Hălălișan, Lucian Constantin Dincă, Raluca Elena Enescu, Vlad Emil Crișan. Radial Growth Behavior of Pines on Romanian Degraded Lands. Forests. 2018; 9 (4):213.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCiprian Valentin Silvestru-Grigore; Florin Dinulică; Gheorghe Spârchez; Aureliu Florin Hălălișan; Lucian Constantin Dincă; Raluca Elena Enescu; Vlad Emil Crișan. 2018. "Radial Growth Behavior of Pines on Romanian Degraded Lands." Forests 9, no. 4: 213.