Regarding the dynamic development of 3D printing technology, as well as its application in a growing part of industries, i.e., in the automotive industry, construction industry, medical industry, etc., there is a notable opportunity for its application in producing dental implants, which presents a promising alternative to traditional implant manufacturing methods. The medical industry is very restrictive regarding the applied materials, and it is necessary to use materials that exhibit very good mechanical and thermal parameters, show clinical indifference and biocompatibility, are non-allergenic and non-cancerous, and are likely to sterilize. Such materials are poly(aryl-ether-ketone)s (PAEK)s, mainly poly(ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) and poly(ether-ketone-ketone) (PEKK), that are found to be high-performance polymers and can be defined as materials that retain their functionality even in extreme conditions. In the present paper, two types of PEEKs and PEKK were compared regarding their structural, mechanical, and thermal properties along with the biological activity toward selected strains. The tested samples were obtained with Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology. The PEKK, after heat treatment, exhibits the most promising mechanical properties as well as less bacterial adhesion on its surface when compared to both PEEKs. Consequently, among the evaluated materials, PEKK after heat treatment stands out as the optimal selection for a dental prosthesis.
4 January 2022 in Journal of the European Ceramic Society
The research on simultaneous synthesis of molybdenum carbides and of titanium carbides by sol–gel method was conducted. (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O and Ti[O(CH2)2CH3]4 were applied as precursors. The gaseous products were determined using mass spectrometry method. The phase composition of samples was identified by XRD method, and their morphology was examined by SEM method. After the hydrolysis of Ti[O(CH2)2CH3]4 nanometric TiO2 was received. Before the synthesis (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O decomposed into MoO3 (t ≤ 673 K). At the temperature of 689–943 K MoO3 was reduced into MoO2 (or also into Mo). The synthesis of Mo2C proceeded at the temperature of 973–1,189 K. In this temperature range also reduction of TiO2 into TixOy took place. The synthesis of titanium carbides proceeded at the temperature t ≥ 1,285 K.
The machinability of hard-to-cut CoCr alloys manufactured by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is not yet sufficiently studied. Therefore, this work focuses on evaluation of surface texture formation during face turning of CoCr alloy. As part of the research, two specimen types were subject to comparison: made with the application of conventional casting and manufactured by additive manufacturing—SLM. A number of analytical and experimental methods were employed to describe the specimen composition and morphology, as: X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), optical metallurgical microscopy, confocal optical microscopy, and Vickers hardness HV0.1 measurements. In the next stage, the measurements of surface topographies formed during turning in a range of variable cutting speeds and feeds were carried out. Ultimately the multi-factor MANOVA (Multivariate Analysis of Variance) illustrating the influence of manufacturing technology, cutting speed, and feed ratio on selected surface parameters of samples was made. It has been demonstrated that during face turning with feeds up to 0.15 mm/rev, the similar values of surface roughness height and material ratio curve parameters were reached for both tested CoCr alloys. However, in a range of higher feed values, the surface quality of CoCr samples fabricated by SLM was lower than that reached for CoCr after casting process.