Purpose: This study compares ChatGPT‐4o, equipped with its deep research feature, and DeepSeek R1, equipped with its deepthink feature—both enabling real‐time online data access—in generating responses to frequently asked questions (FAQs) about anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery. The aim is to evaluate and compare their performance in terms of accuracy, clarity, completeness, consistency and readibility for evidence‐based patient education.Methods: A list of ten FAQs about ACL surgery was compiled after reviewing the Sports Medicine Fellowship Institution's webpages. These questions were posed to ChatGPT and DeepSeek in research‐enabled modes. Orthopaedic sports surgeons evaluated the responses for accuracy, clarity, completeness, and consistency using a 4‐point Likert scale. Inter‐rater reliability of the evaluations was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). In addition, a readability analysis was conducted using the Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES) metrics via an established online calculator to objectively measure textual complexity. Paired t tests were used to compare the mean scores of the two models for each criterion, with significance set at p < 0.05.Results: Both models demonstrated high accuracy (mean scores of 3.9/4) and consistency (4/4). Significant differences were observed in clarity and completeness: ChatGPT provided more comprehensive responses (mean completeness 4.0 vs. 3.2, p < 0.001), while DeepSeek's answers were clearer and more accessible to laypersons (mean clarity 3.9 vs. 3.0, p < 0.001). DeepSeek had lower FKGL (8.9 vs. 14.2, p < 0.001) and higher FRES (61.3 vs. 32.7, p < 0.001), indicating greater ease of reading for a general audience. ICC analysis indicated substantial inter‐rater agreement (composite ICC = 0.80).Conclusion: ChatGPT‐4o, leveraging its deep research feature, and DeepSeek R1, utilizing its deepthink feature, both deliver high‐quality, accurate information for ACL surgery patient education. While ChatGPT excels in comprehensiveness, DeepSeek outperforms in clarity and readability, suggesting that integrating the strengths of both models could optimize patient education outcomes.Level of Evidence: Level V.

The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with the likelihood of a better clinical outcome after the peritendinous injection of PRP for the treatment of chronic tendinopathy and identify whether PRP represents an effective treatment option for chronic tendinopathies. The study included 214 patients (86 males and 128 females; mean age: 39.3 (18–75) years) who received PRP injections for tendinopathy refractory to conventional treatments. The mean duration of symptoms at the moment of the PRP treatment was 8.3 months. Primary outcome measurement was perceived improvement in symptoms for each anatomic compartment for upper and lower limbs at 6 months after treatment. Also, a visual analog scale (VAS) score (pain intensity on a 0–10 scale) was used for pain scoring questionnaire before treatment, 6 weeks and 6 months following the PRP injection(s). To identify factors associated with the likelihood of a better clinical outcome, patients were categorized on the basis of their perceived improvement in symptoms 6 months after the PRP injection(s)—that is, as lower (less than 50% global improvement) or higher (more than 50% global improvement). A visual analogue scale score and perceived improvement in symptoms were significantly lower after peritendinous injection in 6-week and 6-month follow-ups compared with the baseline (P < 0.001) except for peroneal and Achilles tendons. Overall, 83% of patients indicated moderate to complete improvement in symptoms. The most common injection sites were the lateral epicondyle, Achilles, and patellar tendons. Furthermore, 30% of patients received only 1 injection, 30% received 2 injections, and 40% received 3 or more injections. A total of 85% of patients were satisfied (more than 50% global improvement) with the procedure. In addition, upper limb tendons, increase in the age, and female gender were associated with a higher likelihood of perceived improvement in symptoms. In the present retrospective study assessing PRP injections in the treatment of chronic tendinopathy, a moderate improvement (>50%) in pain symptoms was observed in most of the patients. Our research found that results were most promising with patellar and lateral epicondylar tendinopathy in the short to medium term. Female patients, patients with upper extremity tendinopathy and older patients appeared to benefit more from PRP injection. Level IV, Therapeutic study. ER - Keywords Platelet-rich plasma Tendinopathy Injection Achilles tendon Patellar tendon Lateral epicondylitis

➤ Posterior tibial slope (PTS) of ≥12° represents an important risk factor for both anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and ACL reconstruction failure. ➤ PTS measurements can significantly differ on the basis of the imaging modality and the measurement technique used. PTS should be measured on strictly lateral radiographs, with a recommended proximal tibial length of 15 cm in the image. The PTS measurement can be made by placing 2 circles to define the proximal tibial axis, 1 just below the tibial tubercle and another 10 cm below it. PTS measurements are underestimated when made on magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. ➤ Slope-reducing osteotomies can be performed using a (1) supratuberosity, (2) tubercle-reflecting transtuberosity, or (3) infratuberosity method. The correction target remains a topic of debate. Although it is controversial, some authors recommend overcorrecting the tibial slope slightly to a range of 4° to 6°. For instance, if the initial slope is 12°, a correction of 6° to 8° should be performed, given the target tibial slope of 4° to 6°. ➤ Clinical outcomes following slope-reducing osteotomies have been favorable. However, potential complications, limited data with regard to the impact of slope-reducing osteotomies on osteoarthritis, and uncertainty with regard to the effects on the patellofemoral joint are notable concerns. ➤ Patients with complex deformities may need biplanar osteotomies to comprehensively address the condition.

Fast-track surgery is becoming increasingly popular, whereas the monitoring of postoperative rehabilitation remains a matter of considerable debate. The aim of this study was to validate a newly developed wearable system intended to monitor knee function and mobility. A sensor system with a nine-degree-of-freedom (DOF) inertial measurement unit (IMU) was developed. Thirteen healthy volunteers performed five 10-meter walking trials with simultaneous sensor and motion capture data collection. The obtained kinematic waveforms were analysed using root mean square error (RMSE) and correlation coefficient (CC) calculations. The Bland–Altman method was used for the agreement of discrete parameters consisting of peak knee angles between systems. To test the reliability, 10 other subjects with sensors walked a track of 10 metres on two consecutive days. The Pearson CC was excellent for the walking data set between both systems (r = 0.96) and very good (r = 0.95) within the sensor system. The RMSE during walking was 5.17° between systems and 6.82° within sensor measurements. No significant differences were detected between the mean values observed, except for the extension angle during the stance phase (E1). Similar results were obtained for the repeatability test. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) between systems were excellent for the flexion angle during the swing phase (F1); good for the flexion angle during the stance phase (F2) and the re-extension angle, which was calculated by subtracting the extension angle at swing phase (E2) from F2; and moderate for the extension angle during the stance phase (E1), E2 and the range of motion (ROM). ICCs within the sensor measurements were good for the ROM, F2 and re-extension, and moderate for F1, E1 and E2. The study shows that the novel sensor system can record sagittal knee kinematics during walking in healthy subjects comparable to those of a motion capture system.