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Wei-Ta Fang was born in Kaohsiung, Taiwan on February 14, 1966. He received a BA degree in Land Economics and Administration from National Taipei University (Taipei, Taiwan) in 1989. He received his first master's degree in Environmental Planning (MEP) from Arizona State University, USA in 1994, and a second master's degree in Landscape Architecture in Design studies (MDes.S.) from the Graduate School of Design, Harvard University, USA in 2001. He obtained a PhD from the Department of Ecosystem Science & Management, Texas A&M University, USA in 2005. He served as a specialist in the Taipei Land Management Bureau in 1991 and 1992 and a senior specialist in-charge of environmental education and environmental impact assessments (EIAs) at Taiwan's Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) Headquarters from 1994 to 2006. Dr. Fang was also the Co-Principal Investigator (Co-PI) for the National Environmental Literacy Survey in Taiwan during 2012 and 2020. He is currently serving as a Distinguished Professor as the Director of the Graduate Institute of Environmental Education, National Taiwan Normal University and is the President of the Society of Wetland Scientists Asia Chapter. He lives in Taipei City with his wife, Chia-Ying Ho, and two sons, Cheng-Jun (June) and Cheng-Shun (Sam). His contact e-mail is [email protected]
Increasingly stringent environmental regulations and consumer awareness around environmental protection and sustainability are driving forces in the hotel industry. We explore the Proactive Environmental Strategies being implemented in the hotel industry using Resource-Based View (RBV) and Resource Dependence Theory (RDT) to help companies with Eco-Innovation, Green Core Competences, and Green Competitive Advantages. We investigated the correlations between Proactive Environmental Strategies, Eco-Innovations, Green Competitive Advantages, and Green Core Competences in the hotel industry. With 366 responses, the correlation of Proactive Environmental Strategies with Eco-Innovation and how these are related to Green Competitive Advantage and Green Core Competence were explored. The results revealed that Proactive Environmental Strategies positively influence Eco-Innovation, which in turn directly affects Green Core Competence. Moreover, Green Core Competence affects Green Competitive Advantage. However, the effects of Eco-Innovation on Green Competitive Advantage were not significant. Therefore, companies must either re-consider existing or develop new technologies to become more innovative to meet the emerging environmental demands and green competitiveness strategies. This study also contributes to our understanding of how Eco-Innovation affects guest satisfaction and repeat patronage in the hotel image. The practical and theoretical implications of the findings provide guidance to managers in the hotel industry.
Fang-I Kuo; Wei-Ta Fang; Ben A. LePage. Proactive environmental strategies in the hotel industry: eco-innovation, green competitive advantage, and green core competence. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 2021, 1 -22.
AMA StyleFang-I Kuo, Wei-Ta Fang, Ben A. LePage. Proactive environmental strategies in the hotel industry: eco-innovation, green competitive advantage, and green core competence. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 2021; ():1-22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFang-I Kuo; Wei-Ta Fang; Ben A. LePage. 2021. "Proactive environmental strategies in the hotel industry: eco-innovation, green competitive advantage, and green core competence." Journal of Sustainable Tourism , no. : 1-22.
This exploratory study aims to fill the gap by adopting Hirose’s two-phase decision-making model with the theory of social networks to explore the environmentally friendly attitudes and environmental behavioral intentions toward pro-environmental behaviors of the citizen scientists who participated in the Bird Survey in Taoyuan’s Farm Ponds Project. The Bird Survey in Taoyuan’s Farm Ponds Project is a systematic citizen science project founded in 2003 with the aim to identify existing and potential irrigation ponds that are important to creating waterbird refuges to secure habitats for wintering waterbirds in anthropogenically influenced areas. The participation in this project itself can be considered as a form of pro-environmental behavior. A total of 24 in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants of the Bird Survey in Taoyuan’s Farm Ponds Project. Qualitative data showed that participants mentioned six variables (i.e., perceived seriousness, ascription of responsibility, belief in the effectiveness, feasibility evaluation, cost–benefit evaluation, and social norms evaluation) of the two-phase decision-making model in relation to environmentally friendly attitudes and environmental behavioral intention. Findings also revealed three key variables (i.e., social networks, learning and growth, and belonging and contribution) in the theory of social networks that are associated with environmentally friendly attitudes and environmental behavioral intention. Based on the findings, it is proposed that the social needs variables are incorporated as an extension to the two-phase decision-making model to offer a more comprehensive explanation of pro-environmental behavior.
Shan-Hui Chao; Jin-Zhang Jiang; Kuan-Chu Wei; Eric Ng; Chia-Hsuan Hsu; Yi-Te Chiang; Wei-Ta Fang. Understanding Pro-Environmental Behavior of Citizen Science: An Exploratory Study of the Bird Survey in Taoyuan’s Farm Ponds Project. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5126 .
AMA StyleShan-Hui Chao, Jin-Zhang Jiang, Kuan-Chu Wei, Eric Ng, Chia-Hsuan Hsu, Yi-Te Chiang, Wei-Ta Fang. Understanding Pro-Environmental Behavior of Citizen Science: An Exploratory Study of the Bird Survey in Taoyuan’s Farm Ponds Project. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):5126.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShan-Hui Chao; Jin-Zhang Jiang; Kuan-Chu Wei; Eric Ng; Chia-Hsuan Hsu; Yi-Te Chiang; Wei-Ta Fang. 2021. "Understanding Pro-Environmental Behavior of Citizen Science: An Exploratory Study of the Bird Survey in Taoyuan’s Farm Ponds Project." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5126.
With the occurrence of rapid global economic growth concerns about waste and its related effects on the environment are on the rise. There has been an increasing focus towards sustainable development and waste recycling as part of environmental sustainability strategies, and the encouraging of recycling behavior has received considerable attention from various environmental stakeholders. While numerous studies have used grounded theories such as the theory of planned behaviors and the norm activation model to examine environmental behaviors, a lack of consideration of other important variables in these studies has been revealed. This study aimed to address this gap by adopting the comprehensive action determination model, which comprises a wider group of influencing variables related to norms, intentions, situations, and habits. This model was tested using structural equation modelling with a sample of 386 valid questionnaires collected from Taipei City residents in the domain of recycling behaviors. Results indicated that awareness had a positive influence on personal norms towards recycling behaviors; social norms had a positive influence on personal norms towards recycling behaviors; attitudes had a positive influence on recycling intentions; social norms had a positive influence on recycling intentions; personal norms had a positive influence on recycling intentions; perceived behavior control had a positive influence on recycling intentions; recycling intentions had a positive influence on recycling behavior; and recycling habits had a positive influence on recycling behavior. However, findings did not support the positive impact of perceived behavioral control on recycling behavior.
Wei-Ta Fang; Mei-Hsuan Huang; Bai-You Cheng; Rong-Jeo Chiu; Yi-Te Chiang; Chun-Wei Hsu; Eric Ng. Applying a Comprehensive Action Determination Model to Examine the Recycling Behavior of Taipei City Residents. Sustainability 2021, 13, 490 .
AMA StyleWei-Ta Fang, Mei-Hsuan Huang, Bai-You Cheng, Rong-Jeo Chiu, Yi-Te Chiang, Chun-Wei Hsu, Eric Ng. Applying a Comprehensive Action Determination Model to Examine the Recycling Behavior of Taipei City Residents. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (2):490.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Ta Fang; Mei-Hsuan Huang; Bai-You Cheng; Rong-Jeo Chiu; Yi-Te Chiang; Chun-Wei Hsu; Eric Ng. 2021. "Applying a Comprehensive Action Determination Model to Examine the Recycling Behavior of Taipei City Residents." Sustainability 13, no. 2: 490.
The objective of this study was to explore the mediators of environmental protective behaviors in Christians in Taiwan. Questionnaire data from a total of 699 participants were collected and subjected to a confirmatory factor analysis. The results revealed that the environmental behaviors of Taiwanese Christians are affected by their faith in three aspects. First, private environmental behaviors are associated with church attendance. Second, the awareness of environmental consequences generates a stewardship belief, which results in a willingness to sacrifice for the environment, private environmental behaviors, and political environmental activism. Finally, stewardship belief is also associated with political environmental activism.
Wei-Ta Fang; Ulas Kaplan; Yi-Te Chiang; Chun-Teng Cheng. Is Religiosity Related to Environmentally-Protective Behaviors Among Taiwanese Christians? A Structural Equation Modeling Study. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8999 .
AMA StyleWei-Ta Fang, Ulas Kaplan, Yi-Te Chiang, Chun-Teng Cheng. Is Religiosity Related to Environmentally-Protective Behaviors Among Taiwanese Christians? A Structural Equation Modeling Study. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):8999.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Ta Fang; Ulas Kaplan; Yi-Te Chiang; Chun-Teng Cheng. 2020. "Is Religiosity Related to Environmentally-Protective Behaviors Among Taiwanese Christians? A Structural Equation Modeling Study." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 8999.
Taiwan’s cities exhibit high levels of urbanization, which has resulted in limited recreation space in urban areas. In response, government policies have been enacted to promote the large-scale greening of rivers in urban areas and the establishment of aquatic recreation areas that do not interfere with water flow areas, pavilions for recreation purposes, indoor stadiums, and biking lanes alongside riverbanks to provide citizens with recreation space. An expert team was convened to investigate 50 riverside recreation sites, and the Comfortable Water Environment Rest Assessment Form was devised. The investigation results revealed three factors that contribute to the value of riverside recreation sites; the three factors had a total explanatory power of 70.17%. The factors, namely exercising and leisure, overall design plan and entrance image, and environmental maintenance and service, had an explanatory power of 25.52%, 23.32%, and 21.32%, respectively. Finally, this study provides guidance for constructing service systems for riverside recreation sites by referencing practical cases. This study suggests that future designs focus on the characteristics of visitors as the main consideration when investing resources in recreation sites. In addition, more exercise and recreation equipment and facilities should be provided at recreation sites located within highly populated areas. For recreation sites that feature beautiful scenery, greater degrees of overall design planning and entrance image qualities can be integrated into the recreation sites, and environmental teaching materials can be incorporated into the environment. Furthermore, this study suggests that residents who live near recreation sites form and operate volunteer groups to contribute to environmental maintenance and the relevant services; this would greatly enhance the overall experience of comfort of visitors to the recreation sites. Finally, this study provides guidance for low-intensity construction in high riverbank areas.
Guey-Shin Shyu; Wei-Ta Fang; Bai-You Cheng. Recreation and Tourism Service Systems Featuring High Riverbanks in Taiwan. Water 2020, 12, 2479 .
AMA StyleGuey-Shin Shyu, Wei-Ta Fang, Bai-You Cheng. Recreation and Tourism Service Systems Featuring High Riverbanks in Taiwan. Water. 2020; 12 (9):2479.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuey-Shin Shyu; Wei-Ta Fang; Bai-You Cheng. 2020. "Recreation and Tourism Service Systems Featuring High Riverbanks in Taiwan." Water 12, no. 9: 2479.
Taiwan has promoted bicycle tourism for nearly 20 years, and the bicycle paths it has constructed throughout the island are diverse in design. In the present study, an evaluation scale for bicycle path sightseeing potential was devised with a focus on the overall service quality of the paths; 30 popular bicycle paths were analyzed using a field survey, with expert consultation on quantitative indicators, and a qualitative analysis entailing interviews with people regarding the bicycle paths. A multivariate statistical analysis was performed on the quality of the service systems for these paths. The results revealed that the quality of these service systems is influenced by four principal components, namely, landscape attractiveness, image management, bicycle-specific paths, and accessibility, for a total explanatory power of 76.21%; the individual explanatory power of these components was 25.89%, 21.49%, 16.81%, and 12.03%, respectively. Bicycle path conditions, service maintenance, and cleanliness and bicycle specificity are required for future high-quality bicycle paths; diverse bicycle rental services and bicycle types, entrance visibility, and ecological introduction boards along paths are value-added factors to bicycle path quality.
Shinn-Jou Lin; Guey-Shin Shyu; Wei-Ta Fang; Bai-You Cheng. Using Multivariate Statistical Methods to Analyze High-Quality Bicycle Path Service Systems: A Case Study of Popular Bicycle Paths in Taiwan. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7185 .
AMA StyleShinn-Jou Lin, Guey-Shin Shyu, Wei-Ta Fang, Bai-You Cheng. Using Multivariate Statistical Methods to Analyze High-Quality Bicycle Path Service Systems: A Case Study of Popular Bicycle Paths in Taiwan. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (17):7185.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShinn-Jou Lin; Guey-Shin Shyu; Wei-Ta Fang; Bai-You Cheng. 2020. "Using Multivariate Statistical Methods to Analyze High-Quality Bicycle Path Service Systems: A Case Study of Popular Bicycle Paths in Taiwan." Sustainability 12, no. 17: 7185.
Engaging in social contributions to enhance social participation and attending community experiential service learning or internship courses have become an essential learning experience for university students. On the basis of postmodern education theories, this study adopted images and oral accounts involving personal experiences to construct a postmodern education research scheme by using the method of collaborative ethnography. This study selected and performed the following services: filming a community documentary, administering community health dance classes, and archiving community cultural artifacts in databases. Interviews were also administered to facilitate implementation of the actual services. Community health services commonly seen in Taiwan and abroad were compiled, and the resources required for each service were examined. Subsequently, factor analysis was performed to explore the characteristic of these services in order to recommend feasible services for university students to undertake. The results indicated that the eight resources required for the 59 common community health services were (1) a designated space or venue, (2) materials, (3) monetary resources, (4) human resources, (5) expertise, (6) professional equipment, (7) patience, and (8) empathy. The results revealed three principal components, namely labor services, high-resource services, and professional services, for a total explanatory power of 67.99%; the individual explanatory power of these components accounted for 25.04%, 21.81%, and 21.15%, respectively. Next, community health care services suitable for university students to perform were selected and implemented, and these services were well received. The study results indicated that community and environmental justice can be realized by identifying with the value of community health services and promoting postmodern education theories and social norms. The research results are suitable for implementation after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Guey-Shin Shyu; Shinn-Jou Lin; Wei-Ta Fang; Bai-You Cheng. How to Screen Suitable Service Improve Community Health Care Services by University Students in Taiwan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 5402 .
AMA StyleGuey-Shin Shyu, Shinn-Jou Lin, Wei-Ta Fang, Bai-You Cheng. How to Screen Suitable Service Improve Community Health Care Services by University Students in Taiwan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (15):5402.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuey-Shin Shyu; Shinn-Jou Lin; Wei-Ta Fang; Bai-You Cheng. 2020. "How to Screen Suitable Service Improve Community Health Care Services by University Students in Taiwan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15: 5402.
There have been increasingly significant efforts made to address Taiwan’s environmental challenges in recent years by different stakeholders at varying levels (e.g., individuals, businesses, and governments). As you read and study Chap. 4: Environmental Governance, you will begin to be reminded that “while the governments are responsible for designing and developing environmental policies (either unilaterally or collectively in the form of international agreements), public servants are often tasked with implementing these policies” (Hepburn 2010).
Wei-Ta Fang. Government Officials. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin 2020, 129 -157.
AMA StyleWei-Ta Fang. Government Officials. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin. 2020; ():129-157.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Ta Fang. 2020. "Government Officials." Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin , no. : 129-157.
During the period of human development, experiences gained through interactions with the environment can have significant impacts on a person’s perceptions of the environment (Bandura in Perspect Psychol Sci 1:164–180, 2006). In particular, children are known to have more positive experiences in natural outdoor environments than adults since they have not yet been totally acclimated to man-made environments.
Wei-Ta Fang. Children. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin 2020, 255 -272.
AMA StyleWei-Ta Fang. Children. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin. 2020; ():255-272.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Ta Fang. 2020. "Children." Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin , no. : 255-272.
Environmental education has been promoted in Taiwan for more than two decades. In related fields, pedagogical materials and methods of environmental educational curricula and pro-environmental behaviors are two major research topics, both of which touch on the so-called attitude-behavior gap; that is, knowledge does not necessarily lead to positive attitudes and positive attitudes do not necessarily change behavior. Therefore, in past research on environmental education and pro-environmental behavior, determining how to bridge this gap and enable environmental education to play a more prominent role is also a problem that scholars have been working hard to resolve.
Wei-Ta Fang. Environmental Literacy: Behavior Oriented. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin 2020, 69 -108.
AMA StyleWei-Ta Fang. Environmental Literacy: Behavior Oriented. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin. 2020; ():69-108.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Ta Fang. 2020. "Environmental Literacy: Behavior Oriented." Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin , no. : 69-108.
When I worked at the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) between 1994 and 2006, I established excellent quantification techniques to serve as basic tools to analyze environmental problems. For instance, the composite assessment phase of environmental issues classifies three types of assessment indices: individual, combined, and comprehensive.
Wei-Ta Fang. Environmental Governance. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin 2020, 109 -126.
AMA StyleWei-Ta Fang. Environmental Governance. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin. 2020; ():109-126.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Ta Fang. 2020. "Environmental Governance." Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin , no. : 109-126.
Ongoing global environmental problems nowadays can be attributed to increasing population, economic development and industrialization, pollution, urbanization, and resource depletion.
Wei-Ta Fang. Outreach Media. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin 2020, 299 -331.
AMA StyleWei-Ta Fang. Outreach Media. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin. 2020; ():299-331.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Ta Fang. 2020. "Outreach Media." Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin , no. : 299-331.
Regarding the meaning of working to have a meaningful life, we may face challenges balancing decent work, economic growth, and environmental protection. Looking at the definition of decent work (Sustainable Development Goal 8; SDG 8), it not only refers to a specific product with its own sustainable economic growth and higher levels of productivity, but also a good work environment. A good work environment, which affects emotions one feels when at work, includes factors like air, noise, light, and layout conditions in a harmonic workplace or office.
Wei-Ta Fang. Laborers. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin 2020, 185 -204.
AMA StyleWei-Ta Fang. Laborers. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin. 2020; ():185-204.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Ta Fang. 2020. "Laborers." Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin , no. : 185-204.
The current literature on environmental education reveals a range of prior studies conducted that were consistently related to developing an environmentally literate citizenry (Moseley in Clear House 74(1):23–24, 2000; Hsu in J Environ Educ 35(2):37–48, 2004).
Wei-Ta Fang. College Students. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin 2020, 221 -252.
AMA StyleWei-Ta Fang. College Students. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin. 2020; ():221-252.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Ta Fang. 2020. "College Students." Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin , no. : 221-252.
Humans like to play freely, and we do not like to be forced to study because studying is more difficult than learning freely.
Wei-Ta Fang. Orientation. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin 2020, 3 -32.
AMA StyleWei-Ta Fang. Orientation. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin. 2020; ():3-32.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Ta Fang. 2020. "Orientation." Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin , no. : 3-32.
Agriculture has traditionally focused on maximizing production yields and profitability, which has more recently been further supported by modern farming technologies (Bohlen and House in Sustainable agroecosystem management: integrating ecology, economics, and society. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2009).
Wei-Ta Fang. Farmers. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin 2020, 159 -183.
AMA StyleWei-Ta Fang. Farmers. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin. 2020; ():159-183.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Ta Fang. 2020. "Farmers." Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin , no. : 159-183.
The gradual and steady increase in the world’s population has brought about many negative factors that have adversely affected the flora and fauna and which are great threats to the environment. The tide of international conservation has surged over the past decade.
Wei-Ta Fang. Indigenous Knowledge. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin 2020, 33 -67.
AMA StyleWei-Ta Fang. Indigenous Knowledge. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin. 2020; ():33-67.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Ta Fang. 2020. "Indigenous Knowledge." Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin , no. : 33-67.
Rapid global industrialization and urbanization have led to increasing numbers of environmental problems that have attracted widespread attention. Among others, smog and air pollution are two of the most compelling environmental problems that have produced significant negative impacts on human health, national economies, and medical expenditures.
Wei-Ta Fang. Parents. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin 2020, 273 -298.
AMA StyleWei-Ta Fang. Parents. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin. 2020; ():273-298.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Ta Fang. 2020. "Parents." Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin , no. : 273-298.
Tourism on campuses is the best practice of social relations in recent years. Tourism agencies on campus locally registered, succeeded, and received good reputations from the perspective of university social responsibility (Vasilescu et al. in Procedia Soc Behav Sci 2:4177–4182, 2010). This form of tourism includes activities and experiences, mostly involving sightseeing on and off campus. Tourists travel to nature-related environments, such as an ethno-botanic garden or designated area containing fauna and flora of great ecological value.
Wei-Ta Fang. Visitors to a College Campus. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin 2020, 205 -220.
AMA StyleWei-Ta Fang. Visitors to a College Campus. Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin. 2020; ():205-220.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Ta Fang. 2020. "Visitors to a College Campus." Mediatized Taiwanese Mandarin , no. : 205-220.
Background: Although there are evidences linking the relationships between smartphone usage with health, stress, and academic performance; however, there is still inadequate knowledge about the influence on pro-environmental behaviors. This study seeks to bridge this gap by adapting the theory of attribution framework to examine the effects of personal norms, social norms, perceived behavioral control on pro-environmental behavior of smartphone usage in children. Methods: A total of 225 children aged between 11 to 12 from eight selected public primary schools at the Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park in Taiwan were surveyed. Two distinct groups (excessive versus moderate usage) were purposefully selected for comparison, and of which 96 (42.7%) participants were regarded as excessive smartphone users while the remaining 129 (57.3%) were moderate smartphone users. Results: Findings revealed significant differences between excessive smartphone usage children and moderate smartphone usage children in personal norms ( p < 0.001), social norms ( p = 0.002), perceived behavioral control ( p = 0.001), and pro-environmental behavior ( p = 0.001), where moderate smartphone usage children’s responses were considerably higher than those of excessive smartphone usage children. Path analysis suggested that the two smartphone usage groups had different pro-environmental behavior paths. For excessive smartphone usage children, findings showed that social norms ( β = 0.428, t = 4.096***, p 0.05), as well as social norms and pro-environmental behavior for moderate smartphone usage children ( β = 0.181, t = 1.924, p >0.05), but such a relationship could be developed through the mediating effect of perceived behavioral control ( β = 0.497, t = 4.471***, p < 0.001). Conclusions: In conclusion, findings suggested that excessive smartphone usage children lack positive perceived behavioral control, and their pro-environmental behavior could only be predicted through explicit social norms. Whereas, pro-environmental behavior of moderate smartphone usage children were implicitly influenced by personal norms through perceived behavioral control.
Wei-Ta Fang; Eric Ng; Shumei Liu; Yi-Te Chiang; Mei-Chuan Chang. Determinants of pro-environmental behavior among excessive smartphone usage children and moderate smartphone usage children in Taiwan. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleWei-Ta Fang, Eric Ng, Shumei Liu, Yi-Te Chiang, Mei-Chuan Chang. Determinants of pro-environmental behavior among excessive smartphone usage children and moderate smartphone usage children in Taiwan. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Ta Fang; Eric Ng; Shumei Liu; Yi-Te Chiang; Mei-Chuan Chang. 2020. "Determinants of pro-environmental behavior among excessive smartphone usage children and moderate smartphone usage children in Taiwan." , no. : 1.