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Lauri Kumpulainen received the M.Sc. degree and the Licentiate degree in electrical engineering from Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland, in 1987 and 2000, respectively. In 2016 he received D.Sc. (Tech.) from University of Vaasa. He has extensive experience in power engineering. From 2006 to 2012 he was Research Director with Vamp Ltd, and from 2012 to 2013 he was Program Director with Oy Merinova Ab, acting as the national coordinator of the Energy Cluster in the Finnish national Centre of Expertise Programme. He is currently Professor with University of Vaasa, Finland. Dr. Kumpulainen has authored a number of conference and journal papers, particularly related to arc-flash protection, future power systems, and the impact of distributed generation.
An intermittent or restriking earth fault is a special type of earth fault that is common mostly in compensated cable networks. A great deal of effort has gone into protection against this type of fault. However, locating this fault has not received much attention. Therefore, there is a need to have a reliable method for locating this fault to repair the damaged cable. In this paper, the principles of a new method developed for locating transient intermittent earth faults on distribution networks are presented. The proposed method employs negative and zero sequence currents, and no voltage measurement is required, which means the proposed method has the potential to reduce cost when implemented in practice. It is intended mainly for typical intermittent earth faults in cable distribution networks where the typical fault resistance is in the range of a few ohms. Real data obtained from practical field tests is used to explain the phenomenon. A series of disturbance recordings obtained from field tests validate the proposed method.
Amir Farughian; Lauri Kumpulainen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi; Petri Hovila. Intermittent Earth Fault Passage Indication in Compensated Distribution Networks. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 45356 -45366.
AMA StyleAmir Farughian, Lauri Kumpulainen, Kimmo Kauhaniemi, Petri Hovila. Intermittent Earth Fault Passage Indication in Compensated Distribution Networks. IEEE Access. 2021; 9 (99):45356-45366.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmir Farughian; Lauri Kumpulainen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi; Petri Hovila. 2021. "Intermittent Earth Fault Passage Indication in Compensated Distribution Networks." IEEE Access 9, no. 99: 45356-45366.
In this paper, two new methods for locating single-phase to ground faults in isolated neutral distribution networks are proposed. The methods are based on the analysis of symmetrical sequence currents. They are solely based on currents, not requiring voltage measurement. The first method employs only the zero sequence current and the second one utilizes the negative sequence current in combination with the zero sequence current. It is revealed why using only zero sequence current with a simple threshold is insufficient and may lead to false results. Using the proposed methods, earth faults with high resistances can be located in isolated neutral distribution networks with overhead lines or cables.
Amir Farughian; Lauri Kumpulainen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi. Non-Directional Earth Fault Passage Indication in Isolated Neutral Distribution Networks. Energies 2020, 13, 4732 .
AMA StyleAmir Farughian, Lauri Kumpulainen, Kimmo Kauhaniemi. Non-Directional Earth Fault Passage Indication in Isolated Neutral Distribution Networks. Energies. 2020; 13 (18):4732.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmir Farughian; Lauri Kumpulainen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi. 2020. "Non-Directional Earth Fault Passage Indication in Isolated Neutral Distribution Networks." Energies 13, no. 18: 4732.
The operation of microgrids is a complex task because it involves several stakeholders and controlling a large number of different active and intelligent resources or devices. Management functions, such as frequency control or islanding, are defined in the microgrid concept, but depending on the application, some functions may not be needed. In order to analyze the required functions for network operation and visualize the interactions between the actors operating a particular microgrid, a comprehensive use case analysis is needed. This paper presents the use case modelling method applied for microgrid management from an abstract or concept level to a more practical level. By utilizing case studies, the potential entities can be detected where the development or improvement of practical solutions is necessary. The use case analysis has been conducted from top-down until test use cases by real-time simulation models. Test use cases are applied to a real distribution network model, Sundom Smart Grid, with measurement data and newly developed controllers.. The functional analysis provides valuable results when studying several microgrid functions operating in parallel and affecting each other. For example, as shown in this paper, ancillary services provided by an active customer may mean that both the active power and reactive power from customer premises are controlled at the same time by different stakeholders.
Katja Sirviö; Kimmo Kauhaniemi; Aushiq Ali Memon; Hannu Laaksonen; Lauri Kumpulainen. Functional Analysis of the Microgrid Concept Applied to Case Studies of the Sundom Smart Grid. Energies 2020, 13, 4223 .
AMA StyleKatja Sirviö, Kimmo Kauhaniemi, Aushiq Ali Memon, Hannu Laaksonen, Lauri Kumpulainen. Functional Analysis of the Microgrid Concept Applied to Case Studies of the Sundom Smart Grid. Energies. 2020; 13 (16):4223.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatja Sirviö; Kimmo Kauhaniemi; Aushiq Ali Memon; Hannu Laaksonen; Lauri Kumpulainen. 2020. "Functional Analysis of the Microgrid Concept Applied to Case Studies of the Sundom Smart Grid." Energies 13, no. 16: 4223.
In this paper, a new method for locating single-phase earth faults on non-effectively earthed medium voltage distribution networks is proposed. The method requires only current measurements and is based on the analysis of the negative sequence components of the currents measured at secondary substations along medium voltage (MV) distribution feeders. The theory behind the proposed method is discussed in depth. The proposed method is examined by simulations, which are carried out for different types of networks. The results validate the effectiveness of the method in locating single-phase earth faults. In addition, some aspects of practical implementation are discussed. A brief comparative analysis is conducted between the behaviors of negative and zero sequence currents along a faulty feeder. The results reveal a considerably higher stability level of the negative sequence current over that of the zero sequence current.
Amir Farughian; Lauri Kumpulainen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi. Earth Fault Location Using Negative Sequence Currents. Energies 2019, 12, 3759 .
AMA StyleAmir Farughian, Lauri Kumpulainen, Kimmo Kauhaniemi. Earth Fault Location Using Negative Sequence Currents. Energies. 2019; 12 (19):3759.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmir Farughian; Lauri Kumpulainen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi. 2019. "Earth Fault Location Using Negative Sequence Currents." Energies 12, no. 19: 3759.
The main objective of this study is to develop and analyse different harbour grid configurations that can facilitate the charging of batteries for modern vessels and supply onshore power. The use of battery energy storage systems in modern hybrid or entirely electric vessels is rapidly increasing globally in order to reduce emissions, save fuel and increase energy efficiency of ships. To fully utilise their benefits, certain technical issues need to be addressed. One of the most important aspects is to explore alternative ways of charging batteries with high power capacities for modern vessels. The paper presents a comprehensive overview of battery-charging configurations and discusses the technical challenges of each design from the perspective of their practical implementation, both onshore and onboard a vessel. It is found that the proposed models are suitable for vessels operating either entirely on battery storage or having it integrated into the onboard power system. Moreover, the proposed charging models in a harbour area can solve the problem of charging batteries for future hybrid and electric vessels and can open new business opportunities for ship owners and port administrators. The performance of the proposed models is validated by simulating two case studies in PSCAD: slow charging (based onshore) and fast charging (based onboard).
Jagdesh Kumar; Aushiq Ali Memon; Lauri Kumpulainen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi; Omid Palizban; Omid Palizban. Design and Analysis of New Harbour Grid Models to Facilitate Multiple Scenarios of Battery Charging and Onshore Supply for Modern Vessels. Energies 2019, 12, 2354 .
AMA StyleJagdesh Kumar, Aushiq Ali Memon, Lauri Kumpulainen, Kimmo Kauhaniemi, Omid Palizban, Omid Palizban. Design and Analysis of New Harbour Grid Models to Facilitate Multiple Scenarios of Battery Charging and Onshore Supply for Modern Vessels. Energies. 2019; 12 (12):2354.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJagdesh Kumar; Aushiq Ali Memon; Lauri Kumpulainen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi; Omid Palizban; Omid Palizban. 2019. "Design and Analysis of New Harbour Grid Models to Facilitate Multiple Scenarios of Battery Charging and Onshore Supply for Modern Vessels." Energies 12, no. 12: 2354.
Fault location in power networks is important as accurate information about the faulted line section expedites system restoration following a fault occurrence. A number of fault location methods have been proposed. Methods based on injecting a signal into the network and tracking it along the feeder appear to have received limited attention. In this study, fault location methods based on network signalling are examined. Two different types of approaches are presented. The first one is based on injection on a very low-frequency band, whereas the second one is based on utilising modern modulation technologies on low-frequency band, under 500 kHz, implemented on software-defined radios. The simulation results indicate the capability of the proposed methods in determining the location of a single phase-to-earth fault in medium-voltage distribution networks.
Amir Farughian; Anton Poluektov; Antti Pinomaa; Jero Ahola; Antti Kosonen; Lauri Kumpulainen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi. Power line signalling based earth fault location. The Journal of Engineering 2018, 2018, 1155 -1159.
AMA StyleAmir Farughian, Anton Poluektov, Antti Pinomaa, Jero Ahola, Antti Kosonen, Lauri Kumpulainen, Kimmo Kauhaniemi. Power line signalling based earth fault location. The Journal of Engineering. 2018; 2018 (15):1155-1159.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmir Farughian; Anton Poluektov; Antti Pinomaa; Jero Ahola; Antti Kosonen; Lauri Kumpulainen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi. 2018. "Power line signalling based earth fault location." The Journal of Engineering 2018, no. 15: 1155-1159.
The cheap quality fuel used by diesel engines in marine vessels during a stay at berth is an environmental threat, and its widespread gaseous emissions are harmful to human health. Shore to ship power technology has been an essential requirement for reducing the emissions of maritime transport at harbour areas. Although this technology has already been implemented at certain seaports in several countries like the USA, Canada, Germany, Sweden, Finland, Norway, Netherlands, and Belgium, it is facing some technical and regulation problems. Shore to ship supply can be emission-free, economical and sustainable solution while utilising the renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind energies along with battery energy storages. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of technical aspects, practices, existing standards and the key challenges in designing and modelling of a harbour grid for shore to ship power supply. This paper presents state-of-the-art and future marine solutions, discusses shore to ship power technology while considering voltage, frequency, power and other technical requirements of vessels at onboard and onshore. Moreover, this paper contributes in designing suitable models for the harbour area smart grids that can facilitate both onshore power supply as well as charging of batteries for the future hybrid and electric vessels.
Jagdesh Kumar; Lauri Kumpulainen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi. Technical design aspects of harbour area grid for shore to ship power: State of the art and future solutions. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 2018, 104, 840 -852.
AMA StyleJagdesh Kumar, Lauri Kumpulainen, Kimmo Kauhaniemi. Technical design aspects of harbour area grid for shore to ship power: State of the art and future solutions. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems. 2018; 104 ():840-852.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJagdesh Kumar; Lauri Kumpulainen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi. 2018. "Technical design aspects of harbour area grid for shore to ship power: State of the art and future solutions." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 104, no. : 840-852.
Feeder automation is one of the key features of Smart Grids aiming at developing self-healing systems, able to locate the fault and automatically perform the isolation and supply restoration. Reliable fault indication and location is a prerequisite for this functionality. This paper reviews the state of the art technologies and techniques for determining single-phase earth fault location on MV distribution networks. Accurate information about the faulted line or cable section expedites system restoration following the fault occurrence. This paper presents a review of the principles of fault location and indication techniques and their application considerations. In order to gain further insight into the strengths and limitations of each method, a comparative analysis is carried out. Finally, the paper identifies further research and presents the selected promising approaches.
Amir Farughian; Lauri Kumpulainen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi. Review of methodologies for earth fault indication and location in compensated and unearthed MV distribution networks. Electric Power Systems Research 2018, 154, 373 -380.
AMA StyleAmir Farughian, Lauri Kumpulainen, Kimmo Kauhaniemi. Review of methodologies for earth fault indication and location in compensated and unearthed MV distribution networks. Electric Power Systems Research. 2018; 154 ():373-380.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmir Farughian; Lauri Kumpulainen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi. 2018. "Review of methodologies for earth fault indication and location in compensated and unearthed MV distribution networks." Electric Power Systems Research 154, no. : 373-380.
Internal arc fault in switchgear is an especially challenging fault type. High-power faults may lead to a serious hazard to personnel, significant damage to equipment, and extensive system outage. As the nature of arc faults is explosive, very fast protection is required. This study first presents a state-of-the-art technology for effective arc protection and then focuses on communication in arc-flash protection systems. Developments based on IEC 61850 Generic Object Oriented Substation Event communication are introduced including verification of the performance of the new system architecture.
Lauri Kumpulainen; Anssi Jäntti; Juha Rintala; Kimmo Kauhaniemi. Benefits and performance of IEC 61850 Generic Object Oriented Substation Event‐based communication in arc protection. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 2017, 11, 456 -463.
AMA StyleLauri Kumpulainen, Anssi Jäntti, Juha Rintala, Kimmo Kauhaniemi. Benefits and performance of IEC 61850 Generic Object Oriented Substation Event‐based communication in arc protection. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution. 2017; 11 (2):456-463.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLauri Kumpulainen; Anssi Jäntti; Juha Rintala; Kimmo Kauhaniemi. 2017. "Benefits and performance of IEC 61850 Generic Object Oriented Substation Event‐based communication in arc protection." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 11, no. 2: 456-463.
This paper provides a technological review of arc-flash protection of air insulated switchgear. It covers the whole range starting from switchgear design aspects until ultra-fast arc elimination. Special attention is paid to proactive technologies enabling preemptive detection of slowly developing faults. Various arc faults indicating phenomena are examined, and several sensor technologies for online monitoring are evaluated. Because preventive or predictive measures cannot totally eliminate the risk of arc faults, reactive protection by fast operating protection is justified. Two major reactive protection approaches are discussed: the current-limiting approach and the arcing time based approach. The benefits of protection based on simultaneous detection of light and overcurrent are explained. Finally the paper discusses arc elimination technologies and evaluates the concerns related to short-circuit devices.
Lauri Kumpulainen; G. Amjad Hussain; Marc Rival; Matti Lehtonen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi. Aspects of arc-flash protection and prediction. Electric Power Systems Research 2014, 116, 77 -86.
AMA StyleLauri Kumpulainen, G. Amjad Hussain, Marc Rival, Matti Lehtonen, Kimmo Kauhaniemi. Aspects of arc-flash protection and prediction. Electric Power Systems Research. 2014; 116 ():77-86.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLauri Kumpulainen; G. Amjad Hussain; Marc Rival; Matti Lehtonen; Kimmo Kauhaniemi. 2014. "Aspects of arc-flash protection and prediction." Electric Power Systems Research 116, no. : 77-86.