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Tong Wu
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100875 Beiing, China

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Journal article
Published: 14 May 2021 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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Nature underpins human well-being in critical ways, especially in health. Nature provides pollination of nutritious crops, purification of drinking water, protection from floods, and climate security, among other well-studied health benefits. A crucial, yet challenging, research frontier is clarifying how nature promotes physical activity for its many mental and physical health benefits, particularly in densely populated cities with scarce and dwindling access to nature. Here we frame this frontier by conceptually developing a spatial decision-support tool that shows where, how, and for whom urban nature promotes physical activity, to inform urban greening efforts and broader health assessments. We synthesize what is known, present a model framework, and detail the model steps and data needs that can yield generalizable spatial models and an effective tool for assessing the urban nature–physical activity relationship. Current knowledge supports an initial model that can distinguish broad trends and enrich urban planning, spatial policy, and public health decisions. New, iterative research and application will reveal the importance of different types of urban nature, the different subpopulations who will benefit from it, and nature’s potential contribution to creating more equitable, green, livable cities with active inhabitants.

ACS Style

Roy P. Remme; Howard Frumkin; Anne D. Guerry; Abby C. King; Lisa Mandle; Chethan Sarabu; Gregory N. Bratman; Billie Giles-Corti; Perrine Hamel; Baolong Han; Jennifer L. Hicks; Peter James; Joshua J. Lawler; Therese Lindahl; Hongxiao Liu; Yi Lu; Bram Oosterbroek; Bibek Paudel; James F. Sallis; Jasper Schipperijn; Rok Sosič; Sjerp de Vries; Benedict W. Wheeler; Spencer A. Wood; Tong Wu; Gretchen C. Daily. An ecosystem service perspective on urban nature, physical activity, and health. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2021, 118, 1 .

AMA Style

Roy P. Remme, Howard Frumkin, Anne D. Guerry, Abby C. King, Lisa Mandle, Chethan Sarabu, Gregory N. Bratman, Billie Giles-Corti, Perrine Hamel, Baolong Han, Jennifer L. Hicks, Peter James, Joshua J. Lawler, Therese Lindahl, Hongxiao Liu, Yi Lu, Bram Oosterbroek, Bibek Paudel, James F. Sallis, Jasper Schipperijn, Rok Sosič, Sjerp de Vries, Benedict W. Wheeler, Spencer A. Wood, Tong Wu, Gretchen C. Daily. An ecosystem service perspective on urban nature, physical activity, and health. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2021; 118 (22):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roy P. Remme; Howard Frumkin; Anne D. Guerry; Abby C. King; Lisa Mandle; Chethan Sarabu; Gregory N. Bratman; Billie Giles-Corti; Perrine Hamel; Baolong Han; Jennifer L. Hicks; Peter James; Joshua J. Lawler; Therese Lindahl; Hongxiao Liu; Yi Lu; Bram Oosterbroek; Bibek Paudel; James F. Sallis; Jasper Schipperijn; Rok Sosič; Sjerp de Vries; Benedict W. Wheeler; Spencer A. Wood; Tong Wu; Gretchen C. Daily. 2021. "An ecosystem service perspective on urban nature, physical activity, and health." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 22: 1.

Erratum
Published: 20 April 2021 in Sustainability
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The authors would like to make the following correction about the published paper

ACS Style

Wenjing Wang; Tong Wu; Yuanzheng Li; Shilin Xie; Baolong Han; Hua Zheng; Zhiyun Ouyang. Erratum: Wang et al. Urbanization Impacts on Natural Habitat and Ecosystem Services in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao “Megacity”. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6675. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4580 .

AMA Style

Wenjing Wang, Tong Wu, Yuanzheng Li, Shilin Xie, Baolong Han, Hua Zheng, Zhiyun Ouyang. Erratum: Wang et al. Urbanization Impacts on Natural Habitat and Ecosystem Services in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao “Megacity”. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6675. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4580.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wenjing Wang; Tong Wu; Yuanzheng Li; Shilin Xie; Baolong Han; Hua Zheng; Zhiyun Ouyang. 2021. "Erratum: Wang et al. Urbanization Impacts on Natural Habitat and Ecosystem Services in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao “Megacity”. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6675." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4580.

Journal article
Published: 26 February 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Shortfalls and mismatches between the supply and demand of ecosystem services (ES) can be detrimental to human wellbeing. Studies focused on these problems have increased in recent decades, but few have applied land use optimization to reduce such spatial mismatches. This study developed a methodology to identify ES mismatches and then use these mismatches as objectives for land use optimization. The methodology was applied to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao “Greater Bay Area” (GBA), a megacity of over 70 million people and one of the world’s largest urban agglomerations. Considering the demand for a healthy and secure living environment among city-dwellers, we focused on three ES: heat mitigation, flood mitigation, and recreational services. The results showed large spatial heterogeneity in supply and demand for these three ES. However, compared to current conditions in the GBA, our model showed that optimized land use allocation could better match the supply and demand for heat mitigation (number of beneficiaries increased by 15%), flood mitigation (amount of population exposed to flood damage decreased by 37%), and recreation (number of beneficiaries increased by 14%). By integrating land use allocation and spatial mismatch analysis, this methodology provides a feasible way to align ES supply and demand to advance urban and regional sustainability.

ACS Style

Wenjing Wang; Tong Wu; Yuanzheng Li; Hua Zheng; Zhiyun Ouyang. Matching Ecosystem Services Supply and Demand through Land Use Optimization: A Study of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Megacity. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 2324 .

AMA Style

Wenjing Wang, Tong Wu, Yuanzheng Li, Hua Zheng, Zhiyun Ouyang. Matching Ecosystem Services Supply and Demand through Land Use Optimization: A Study of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Megacity. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (5):2324.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wenjing Wang; Tong Wu; Yuanzheng Li; Hua Zheng; Zhiyun Ouyang. 2021. "Matching Ecosystem Services Supply and Demand through Land Use Optimization: A Study of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Megacity." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5: 2324.

Review
Published: 28 January 2021 in Ambio
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In recent decades, there has been an intensification of the socioeconomic and environmental drivers of pandemics, including ecosystem conversion, meat consumption, urbanization, and connectivity among cities and countries. This paper reviews how these four systemic drivers help explain the dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic and other recent emerging infectious diseases, and the policies that can be adopted to mitigate their risks. Land-use change and meat consumption increase the likelihood of pathogen spillover from animals to people. The risk that such zoonotic outbreaks will then spread to become pandemics is magnified by growing urban populations and the networks of trade and travel within and among countries. Zoonotic spillover can be mitigated through habitat protection and restrictions on the wildlife trade. Containing infectious disease spread requires a high degree of coordination among institutions across geographic jurisdictions and economic sectors, all backed by international investment and cooperation.

ACS Style

Tong Wu. The socioeconomic and environmental drivers of the COVID-19 pandemic: A review. Ambio 2021, 50, 822 -833.

AMA Style

Tong Wu. The socioeconomic and environmental drivers of the COVID-19 pandemic: A review. Ambio. 2021; 50 (4):822-833.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tong Wu. 2021. "The socioeconomic and environmental drivers of the COVID-19 pandemic: A review." Ambio 50, no. 4: 822-833.

Letter to the editor
Published: 28 October 2020 in EcoHealth
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Allison G (2017) Destined for War: Can America and China Escape Thucydides’s Trap? Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, New York Google Scholar Bi J, Young O, Costanza R et al (2014) Same dream, different beds: Can America and China take effective steps to solve the climate problem? Global Environmental Change 24:2-4 Article Google Scholar Calisher C, Carroll D, Colwell R et al (2020) Statement in support of the scientists, public health professionals, and medical professionals of China combatting COVID-19. The Lancet 395:E42-E43 CAS Article Google Scholar Reuters (2020) Exclusive: U.S. axed CDC expert job in China months before virus outbreak. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-china-cdc-exclusiv/exclusive-u-s-axed-cdc-expert-job-in-china-months-before-virus-outbreak-idUSKBN21910S (Accessed July 4th 2020). Rockström J, Steffen W, Noone K et al (2009) A safe operating space for humanity. Nature 461(7263):472-475 Article Google Scholar Smiley Evans T, Shi Z, Boots M, et al. (2020) Synergistic China–US ecological research is essential for global emerging infectious disease preparedness. EcoHealth 17:160–173 Download references State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China Tong Wu You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Correspondence to Tong Wu. Reprints and Permissions Wu, T. COVID-19, the Anthropocene, and the Imperative of US–China Cooperation. EcoHealth (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-020-01494-9 Download citation Received: 05 May 2020 Accepted: 19 June 2020 Published: 28 October 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-020-01494-9

ACS Style

Tong Wu. COVID-19, the Anthropocene, and the Imperative of US–China Cooperation. EcoHealth 2020, 1 -2.

AMA Style

Tong Wu. COVID-19, the Anthropocene, and the Imperative of US–China Cooperation. EcoHealth. 2020; ():1-2.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tong Wu. 2020. "COVID-19, the Anthropocene, and the Imperative of US–China Cooperation." EcoHealth , no. : 1-2.

Journal article
Published: 18 August 2020 in Sustainability
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The population aggregation and built-up area expansion caused by urbanization can have significant impacts on the supply and distribution of crucial ecosystem services. The correlation between urbanization and ecosystem services has been well-studied, but additional research is needed to better understand the spatiotemporal interactions between ecosystem services and urbanization processes in highly urbanized areas as well as surrounding rural areas. In this paper, the relationships of urbanization with natural habitat and three key regulating ecosystem services—water retention, soil conservation, and carbon sequestration, were quantified and mapped for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), a rapidly developing urban agglomeration of over 70 million people, for the period of 2000–2018. Our results showed that urbanization caused a general decline in ecosystem services, and urbanization and ecosystem services exhibited a negative spatial correlation. However, this relationship varied along urban-rural gradients and weak decoupling was the overall trend during the course of the study period, indicating a greater need for the protection and improvement of ecosystem services. Our results provide instructive insights for new urbanization planning to maintain regional ecosystem services and sustainable development in the GBA and other large, rapidly urbanized agglomerations.

ACS Style

Wenjing Wang; Tong Wu; Yuanzheng Li; Shilin Xie; Baolong Han; Li Yuanzheng; Zhiyun Ouyang. Urbanization Impacts on Natural Habitat and Ecosystem Services in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao “Megacity”. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6675 .

AMA Style

Wenjing Wang, Tong Wu, Yuanzheng Li, Shilin Xie, Baolong Han, Li Yuanzheng, Zhiyun Ouyang. Urbanization Impacts on Natural Habitat and Ecosystem Services in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao “Megacity”. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (16):6675.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wenjing Wang; Tong Wu; Yuanzheng Li; Shilin Xie; Baolong Han; Li Yuanzheng; Zhiyun Ouyang. 2020. "Urbanization Impacts on Natural Habitat and Ecosystem Services in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao “Megacity”." Sustainability 12, no. 16: 6675.

Original paper
Published: 26 June 2020 in Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy
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To facilitate a better understanding of China’s regional energy consumption, this study develops a coupled framework to analyze the socioeconomic and policy drivers of the evolution of Sichuan province’s energy consumption. The results show that during 2002–2016, GDP per capita was the most significant driver of energy consumption, accounting for 185.16% of the total change, followed by economic structure (4.02%). Energy intensity has been at the center of Sichuan’s energy policies and the only factor exerting downward pressure on energy consumption, accounting for − 91.72% of the total change, although the reducing effect was not stable through the years. By contrast, although the government has continuously stressed economic restructuring for energy conservation, the relevant policies have been largely ineffective. Except for major social emergencies, such as the Wenchuan earthquake, the basic energy strategy has been focused on reducing coal consumption, stabilizing the petroleum supply and encouraging the development and use of natural gas. In addition, the key indicators of energy consumption control basically showed cyclical trends with respect to the provincial 4-year plan (FYP), i.e., increasing (or decreasing slowly) in the first 3–4 years of a FYP and then decreasing (or decreasing more rapidly) during the last 1–2 years. Therefore, this study suggests the building of a FYP-centered energy policy system to integrate the various policies issued by different departments and the introduction of more market-oriented approaches for energy conservation to curb deficiencies in the administration-driven economic restructuring.

ACS Style

Lei Liu; Jie Chen; Xuan Li; Tong Wu. The socioeconomic and policy drivers of China’s regional energy consumption: a study of Sichuan Province. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 2020, 22, 1467 -1483.

AMA Style

Lei Liu, Jie Chen, Xuan Li, Tong Wu. The socioeconomic and policy drivers of China’s regional energy consumption: a study of Sichuan Province. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. 2020; 22 (7):1467-1483.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lei Liu; Jie Chen; Xuan Li; Tong Wu. 2020. "The socioeconomic and policy drivers of China’s regional energy consumption: a study of Sichuan Province." Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 22, no. 7: 1467-1483.

Journal article
Published: 11 June 2020 in Sustainability
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Urbanization is characterized by population agglomeration and the expansion of impervious land surfaces. As a result of ongoing urbanization, rain and flood events have increasingly affected the well-being of residents in cities across the world. This should draw attention to the role of urban ecosystems in providing runoff retention/flood mitigation services. Focusing on Shenzhen, a major city in southern China, we used a hydrologic model based on the Soil Conservation Service curve number (SCS-CN) model to evaluate this flood reduction ecosystem service and its dynamic trends based on long-term remote sensing data from 1980 to 2018. We find that Shenzhen’s capacity for flood reduction gradually decreased due to changes in land use. The spatial distribution showed strong reduction capacity in the eastern part of the city and weak capacity in the western part. Additionally, the city’s total flood reduction capacity decreased by over 1.88 × 108 m3 over the past two decades. This loss of ecosystem-based flood reduction capacity undermines Shenzhen’s resilience against extreme weather events. Due to climate change, Shenzhen should advance its plan to build a “Sponge City” rooted in the conservation, restoration, and construction of urban ecological spaces.

ACS Style

DiHang Xu; Zhiyun Ouyang; Tong Wu; Baolong Han. Dynamic Trends of Urban Flooding Mitigation Services in Shenzhen, China. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4799 .

AMA Style

DiHang Xu, Zhiyun Ouyang, Tong Wu, Baolong Han. Dynamic Trends of Urban Flooding Mitigation Services in Shenzhen, China. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (11):4799.

Chicago/Turabian Style

DiHang Xu; Zhiyun Ouyang; Tong Wu; Baolong Han. 2020. "Dynamic Trends of Urban Flooding Mitigation Services in Shenzhen, China." Sustainability 12, no. 11: 4799.

Journal article
Published: 30 March 2020 in Geospatial Health
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As a leading cause of morbidity and premature mortality, obesity has become a major global public health problem. It is therefore important to investigate the spatial variation of obesity prevalence and its associations with environmental and behavioral factors (e.g., food environment, physical activity), to optimize the targeting of scarce public health resources. In this study, the geographic clustering of obesity in the Netherlands was explored by analyzing the local spatial autocorrelation of municipal-level prevalence rates of adulthood obesity (aged ≥19 years) in 2016. The potential influential factors that may be associated with obesity prevalence were first selected from five categories of healthrelated factors through binary and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regressions. Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) was then used to investigate the spatial variations of the associations between those selected factors and obesity prevalence. The results revealed marked geographic variations in obesity prevalence, with four clusters of high prevalence in the north, south, east, and west, and three clusters of low prevalence in the north and south of the Netherlands. Lack of sports participation, risk of anxiety, falling short of physical activity guidelines, and the number of restaurants around homes were found to be associated with obesity prevalence across municipalities. Our findings show that effective, region-specific strategies are needed to tackle the increasing obesity in the Netherlands.

ACS Style

Ge Qiu; Xiaojian Liu; Arsha Yuditha Amiranti; Mulimba Yasini; Tong Wu; Sherif Amer; Peng Jia. Geographic clustering and region-specific determinants of obesity in the Netherlands. Geospatial Health 2020, 15, 1 .

AMA Style

Ge Qiu, Xiaojian Liu, Arsha Yuditha Amiranti, Mulimba Yasini, Tong Wu, Sherif Amer, Peng Jia. Geographic clustering and region-specific determinants of obesity in the Netherlands. Geospatial Health. 2020; 15 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ge Qiu; Xiaojian Liu; Arsha Yuditha Amiranti; Mulimba Yasini; Tong Wu; Sherif Amer; Peng Jia. 2020. "Geographic clustering and region-specific determinants of obesity in the Netherlands." Geospatial Health 15, no. 1: 1.

Research article
Published: 22 August 2019 in Ambio
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Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 has led to the death or destruction of millions of domesticated and wild birds and caused hundreds of human deaths worldwide. As with other HPAIs, H5N1 outbreaks among poultry have generally been caused by contact with infected migratory waterfowl at the interface of wildlands and human-dominated landscapes. Using a case–control epidemiological approach, we analyzed the relation between habitat protection and H5N1 outbreaks in China from 2004 to 2017. We found that while proximity to unprotected waterfowl habitats and rice paddy generally increased outbreak risk, proximity to the most highly protected habitats (e.g., Ramsar-designated lakes and wetlands) had the opposite effect. Protection likely involves two mechanisms: the separation of wild waterfowl and poultry populations and the diversion of wild waterfowl from human-dominated landscapes toward protected natural habitats. Wetland protection could therefore be an effective means to control avian influenza while also contributing to avian conservation.

ACS Style

Tong Wu; Charles Perrings; Chenwei Shang; James P. Collins; Peter Daszak; Ann Kinzig; Ben A. Minteer. Protection of wetlands as a strategy for reducing the spread of avian influenza from migratory waterfowl. Ambio 2019, 49, 939 -949.

AMA Style

Tong Wu, Charles Perrings, Chenwei Shang, James P. Collins, Peter Daszak, Ann Kinzig, Ben A. Minteer. Protection of wetlands as a strategy for reducing the spread of avian influenza from migratory waterfowl. Ambio. 2019; 49 (4):939-949.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tong Wu; Charles Perrings; Chenwei Shang; James P. Collins; Peter Daszak; Ann Kinzig; Ben A. Minteer. 2019. "Protection of wetlands as a strategy for reducing the spread of avian influenza from migratory waterfowl." Ambio 49, no. 4: 939-949.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2019 in Sustainability
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Water scarcity in densely populated areas is a global concern. In China, ensuring water supply and quality in the middle of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project has become a major challenge due to the complexity and diversity of landscape features and the trunk canal construction in the crossing area of this route. Precise assessments of the pressures on water protection along the route are urgently needed. This article provides a rigorous methodological framework to assess water quality protection, identifying the intensity of human disturbance along the route within 2-km radius buffer areas on both sides of the trunk canal, based on land-use changes from 2005 to 2015. The results show that more than 10,000 ha of pervious surfaces were transformed into impervious surfaces, leading to undesirable outcomes. The results of this study can be used for decisive support in China’s environmental management, such as with main functional zoning policy and ecological red lines policy.

ACS Style

Baolong Han; Nan Meng; Jiatian Zhang; Wenbo Cai; Tong Wu; Lingqiao Kong; Zhiyun Ouyang. Assessment and Management of Pressure on Water Quality Protection along the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3087 .

AMA Style

Baolong Han, Nan Meng, Jiatian Zhang, Wenbo Cai, Tong Wu, Lingqiao Kong, Zhiyun Ouyang. Assessment and Management of Pressure on Water Quality Protection along the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (11):3087.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Baolong Han; Nan Meng; Jiatian Zhang; Wenbo Cai; Tong Wu; Lingqiao Kong; Zhiyun Ouyang. 2019. "Assessment and Management of Pressure on Water Quality Protection along the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project." Sustainability 11, no. 11: 3087.