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Dong‐Ryeol Shin
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Information and Communication Engineering (CICE), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Korea

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Short Biography

Dong Ryeol Shin (Member, IEEE) received a Bachelor’s degree in Electrical Engineering from Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea, a Master’s degree in Electrical Power Engineering from KAIST, South Korea, and a Ph.D. degree in Electrical Power Engineering from Georgia Tech, USA. He is currently a Professor and the President of Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea. Previously, he was the Dean of the College of Information and Communication Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University. His research interests include future networks research, big data applications in communications, and smart grids.

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Journal article
Published: 27 May 2021 in Energies
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Modern distribution mechanisms within the smart grid paradigm are considered both reliable in nature and interconnected in topology. In this paper, a multiple-criteria-based sustainable planning (MCSP) approach is presented that serves as a future planning tool for interconnected distribution mechanisms and aims to find a feasible solution among conflicting criteria of various genres. The proposed methodology is based on three stages. In the stage 1, a weighted voltage stability index (VSI_W) and loss minimization condition (LMC) based approach aims at optimal asset optimization (sitting and sizing). In this stage, an evaluation of alternatives (solutions) is carried out across four dimensions (technical, economic, environmental, and social) of performance metrics. The assets considered in the evaluations include distributed generation (DG), renewable DGs, i.e., photovoltaic (PV), wind, and distributed static compensator (D-STATCOM) units. In the stage 2, various multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) methodologies are applied to ascertain the best trade-off among the available solutions in terms of techno-cost (economic) (TCPE), environment-o-social (ESPE), and techno-economic-environmental-socio (TEES) performance evaluations (OPE). In the stage 3, the alternatives are evaluated across multiple load growth horizons of 5 years each. The proposed MCSP approach is evaluated across a mesh-configured 33-bus active distribution network (ADN) and an actual NUST (which is a university in Islamabad, Pakistan) microgrid (MG), with various variants of load growth. The numerical findings of the proposed MCSP approach are compared with reported works the literature supports its validity and can serve as an important planning tool for interconnected distribution mechanisms for researchers and planning engineers.

ACS Style

Syed Kazmi; Usama Ameer Khan; Waleed Ahmad; Muhammad Hassan; Fahim Ibupoto; Syed Bukhari; Sajid Ali; M. Malik; Dong Shin. Multiple (TEES)-Criteria-Based Sustainable Planning Approach for Mesh-Configured Distribution Mechanisms across Multiple Load Growth Horizons. Energies 2021, 14, 3128 .

AMA Style

Syed Kazmi, Usama Ameer Khan, Waleed Ahmad, Muhammad Hassan, Fahim Ibupoto, Syed Bukhari, Sajid Ali, M. Malik, Dong Shin. Multiple (TEES)-Criteria-Based Sustainable Planning Approach for Mesh-Configured Distribution Mechanisms across Multiple Load Growth Horizons. Energies. 2021; 14 (11):3128.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Syed Kazmi; Usama Ameer Khan; Waleed Ahmad; Muhammad Hassan; Fahim Ibupoto; Syed Bukhari; Sajid Ali; M. Malik; Dong Shin. 2021. "Multiple (TEES)-Criteria-Based Sustainable Planning Approach for Mesh-Configured Distribution Mechanisms across Multiple Load Growth Horizons." Energies 14, no. 11: 3128.

Journal article
Published: 20 May 2021 in Computational Linguistics
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Text-to-SQL is the problem of converting a user question into an SQL query, when the question and database are given. In this article, we present a neural network approach called RYANSQL (Recursively Yielding Annotation Network for SQL) to solve complex Text-to-SQL tasks for cross-domain databases. Statement Position Code (SPC) is defined to transform a nested SQL query into a set of non-nested SELECT statements; a sketch-based slot filling approach is proposed to synthesize each SELECT statement for its corresponding SPC. Additionally, two input manipulation methods are presented to improve generation performance further. RYANSQL achieved competitive result of 58.2% accuracy on the challenging Spider benchmark. At the time of submission (April 2020), RYANSQL v2, a variant of original RYANSQL, is positioned at 3rd place among all systems and 1st place among the systems not using database content with 60.6% exact matching accuracy. The source code is available at https://github.com/kakaoenterprise/RYANSQL.

ACS Style

Donghyun Choi; Myeong Cheol Shin; EungGyun Kim; Dong Ryeol Shin. RYANSQL: Recursively Applying Sketch-based Slot Fillings for Complex Text-to-SQL in Cross-Domain Databases. Computational Linguistics 2021, 1 -24.

AMA Style

Donghyun Choi, Myeong Cheol Shin, EungGyun Kim, Dong Ryeol Shin. RYANSQL: Recursively Applying Sketch-based Slot Fillings for Complex Text-to-SQL in Cross-Domain Databases. Computational Linguistics. 2021; ():1-24.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Donghyun Choi; Myeong Cheol Shin; EungGyun Kim; Dong Ryeol Shin. 2021. "RYANSQL: Recursively Applying Sketch-based Slot Fillings for Complex Text-to-SQL in Cross-Domain Databases." Computational Linguistics , no. : 1-24.

Research article
Published: 13 April 2021 in Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies
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Vehicular communication plays a crucial role in improving road safety and maintaining traffic efficiency through the exchange of safety messages. Besides road safety, it can also be used to support other nonsafety features such as infotainment services, traffic management, parking assistance, and so on. In this article, we explore a hybrid long term evolution vehicle‐to‐everything architecture where we use both vehicle‐to‐infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle‐to‐vehicle (V2V) communication to simultaneously provide high throughput for infotainment services and maintain high reliability and low transmission delay for the safety messages. To this end, we propose V2I and V2V resource allocation algorithms which support a strict allocation priority for the safety messages over the nonsafety messages. We evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms by extensive simulations using OMNeT++, INET, and SimuLTE softwares and analyze the simulation data using MATLAB software. The simulation results indicate that, as compared with using only V2I communication, the proposed algorithms decrease the end‐to‐end delay (∼23%, on average) of the safety messages with little degradation (< 10%, on average) in throughput of the background traffic. We compare our proposed algorithms with the existing algorithms and find that the proposed algorithms show a performance gain of 36.5% and 45% in terms of end‐to‐end latency and packet reception ratio, respectively.

ACS Style

Eshita Rastogi; Mukesh Kumar Maheshwari; Abhishek Roy; Navrati Saxena; Dong Ryeol Shin. A novel safety message dissemination framework in LTE‐V2X system. Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies 2021, e4275 .

AMA Style

Eshita Rastogi, Mukesh Kumar Maheshwari, Abhishek Roy, Navrati Saxena, Dong Ryeol Shin. A novel safety message dissemination framework in LTE‐V2X system. Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies. 2021; ():e4275.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eshita Rastogi; Mukesh Kumar Maheshwari; Abhishek Roy; Navrati Saxena; Dong Ryeol Shin. 2021. "A novel safety message dissemination framework in LTE‐V2X system." Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies , no. : e4275.

Journal article
Published: 22 March 2021 in Applied Sciences
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In the pharmaceutical field, early detection of lung nodules is indispensable for increasing patient survival. We can enhance the quality of the medical images by intensifying the radiation dose. High radiation dose provokes cancer, which forces experts to use limited radiation. Using abrupt radiation generates noise in CT scans. We propose an optimal Convolutional Neural Network model in which Gaussian noise is removed for better classification and increased training accuracy. Experimental demonstration on the LUNA16 dataset of size 160 GB shows that our proposed method exhibit superior results. Classification accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, Precision, Recall, F1 measurement, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the model performance are taken as evaluation metrics. We conducted a performance comparison of our proposed model on numerous platforms, like Apache Spark, GPU, and CPU, to depreciate the training time without compromising the accuracy percentage. Our results show that Apache Spark, integrated with a deep learning framework, is suitable for parallel training computation with high accuracy.

ACS Style

Nikitha Venkatesan; Dong Shin; Choon Nam. Nodule Detection with Convolutional Neural Network Using Apache Spark and GPU Frameworks. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 2838 .

AMA Style

Nikitha Venkatesan, Dong Shin, Choon Nam. Nodule Detection with Convolutional Neural Network Using Apache Spark and GPU Frameworks. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (6):2838.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nikitha Venkatesan; Dong Shin; Choon Nam. 2021. "Nodule Detection with Convolutional Neural Network Using Apache Spark and GPU Frameworks." Applied Sciences 11, no. 6: 2838.

Journal article
Published: 21 October 2020 in Energies
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The integration of commercial onshore large-scale wind farms into a national grid comes with several technical issues that predominately ensure power quality in accordance with respective grid codes. The resulting impacts are complemented with the absorption of larger amounts of reactive power by wind generators. In addition, seasonal variations and inter-farm wake effects further deteriorate the overall system performance and restrict the optimal use of available wind resources. This paper presented an assessment framework to address the power quality issues that have arisen after integrating large-scale wind farms into weak transmission grids, especially considering inter-farm wake effect, seasonal variations, reactive power depletion, and compensation with a variety of voltage-ampere reactive (Var) devices. Herein, we also proposed a recovery of significant active power deficits caused by the wake effect via increasing hub height of wind turbines. For large-scale wind energy penetration, a real case study was considered for three wind farms with a cumulative capacity of 154.4 MW integrated at a Nooriabad Grid in Pakistan to analyze their overall impacts. An actual test system was modeled in MATLAB Simulink for a composite analysis. Simulations were performed for various scenarios to consider wind intermittency, seasonal variations across four seasons, and wake effect. The capacitor banks and various flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) devices were employed for a comparative analysis with and without considering the inter-farm wake effect. The power system parameters along with active and reactive power deficits were considered for comprehensive analysis. Unified power flow controller (UPFC) was found to be the best compensation device through comparative analysis, as it maintained voltage at nearly 1.002 pu, suppressed frequency transient in a range of 49.88–50.17 Hz, and avoided any resonance while maintaining power factors in an allowable range. Moreover, it also enhanced the power handling capability of the power system. The 20 m increase in hub height assisted the recovery of the active power deficit to 48%, which thus minimized the influence of the wake effect.

ACS Style

Shah Rukh Abbas; Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi; Muhammad Naqvi; Adeel Javed; Salman Raza Naqvi; Kafait Ullah; Tauseef-Ur-Rehman Khan; Dong Ryeol Shin. Impact Analysis of Large-Scale Wind Farms Integration in Weak Transmission Grid from Technical Perspectives. Energies 2020, 13, 5513 .

AMA Style

Shah Rukh Abbas, Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi, Muhammad Naqvi, Adeel Javed, Salman Raza Naqvi, Kafait Ullah, Tauseef-Ur-Rehman Khan, Dong Ryeol Shin. Impact Analysis of Large-Scale Wind Farms Integration in Weak Transmission Grid from Technical Perspectives. Energies. 2020; 13 (20):5513.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shah Rukh Abbas; Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi; Muhammad Naqvi; Adeel Javed; Salman Raza Naqvi; Kafait Ullah; Tauseef-Ur-Rehman Khan; Dong Ryeol Shin. 2020. "Impact Analysis of Large-Scale Wind Farms Integration in Weak Transmission Grid from Technical Perspectives." Energies 13, no. 20: 5513.

Research article
Published: 19 October 2020 in Microscopy Research and Technique
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Three‐dimensional shape recovery is an important issue in the field of computer vision. Shape from Focus (SFF) is one of the passive techniques that uses focus information to estimate the three‐dimensional shape of an object in the scene. Images are taken at multiple positions along the optical axis of the imaging device and are stored in a stack. In order to reconstruct the three dimensional shape of the object, the best‐focused positions are acquired by maximizing the focus curves obtained via application of a focus measure operator. In this article, Deep Neural Network (DNN) is employed to extract the more accurate depth of each object point in the image stack. The size of each image in the stack is first reduced and then provided to the proposed DNN network to aggregate the shape. The initial shape is refined by applying a median filter, and later the reconstructed shape is sized back to original by utilizing bi‐linear interpolation. The results are compared with commonly used focus measure operators by employing root mean squared error (RMSE), correlation, and image quality index (Q). Compared to other methods, the proposed SFF method using DNN shows higher precision and low computational time consumption.

ACS Style

Husna Mutahira; Mannan Saeed Muhammad; Mikhail Li; Dong‐Ryeol Shin. A simplified approach using deep neural network for fast and accurate shape from focus. Microscopy Research and Technique 2020, 84, 656 -667.

AMA Style

Husna Mutahira, Mannan Saeed Muhammad, Mikhail Li, Dong‐Ryeol Shin. A simplified approach using deep neural network for fast and accurate shape from focus. Microscopy Research and Technique. 2020; 84 (4):656-667.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Husna Mutahira; Mannan Saeed Muhammad; Mikhail Li; Dong‐Ryeol Shin. 2020. "A simplified approach using deep neural network for fast and accurate shape from focus." Microscopy Research and Technique 84, no. 4: 656-667.

Journal article
Published: 07 May 2020 in Diagnostics
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In this paper, we present an architecture of a personalized glucose monitoring system (PGMS). PGMS consists of both invasive and non-invasive sensors on a single device. Initially, blood glucose is measured invasively and non-invasively, to train the machine learning models. Then, paired data and corresponding errors are divided scientifically into six different clusters based on blood glucose ranges as per the patient’s diabetic conditions. Each cluster is trained to build the unique error prediction model using an adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) algorithm. Later, these error prediction models undergo personalized calibration based on the patient’s characteristics. Once, the errors in predicted non-invasive values are within the acceptable error range, the device gets personalized for a patient to measure the blood glucose non-invasively. We verify PGMS on two different datasets. Performance analysis shows that the mean absolute relative difference (MARD) is reduced exceptionally to 7.3% and 7.1% for predicted values as compared to 25.4% and 18.4% for measured non-invasive glucose values. The Clarke error grid analysis (CEGA) plot for non-invasive predicted values shows 97% data in Zone A and 3% data in Zone B for dataset 1. Moreover, for dataset 2 results echoed with 98% and 2% in Zones A and B, respectively.

ACS Style

Pradeep Kumar Anand; Dong Ryeol Shin; Mudasar Latif Memon. Adaptive Boosting Based Personalized Glucose Monitoring System (PGMS) for Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Prediction with Improved Accuracy. Diagnostics 2020, 10, 285 .

AMA Style

Pradeep Kumar Anand, Dong Ryeol Shin, Mudasar Latif Memon. Adaptive Boosting Based Personalized Glucose Monitoring System (PGMS) for Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Prediction with Improved Accuracy. Diagnostics. 2020; 10 (5):285.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pradeep Kumar Anand; Dong Ryeol Shin; Mudasar Latif Memon. 2020. "Adaptive Boosting Based Personalized Glucose Monitoring System (PGMS) for Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Prediction with Improved Accuracy." Diagnostics 10, no. 5: 285.

Journal article
Published: 19 March 2020 in Energies
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The modern distribution networks under the smart grid paradigm have been considered both interconnected and reliable. In grid modernization concepts, the optimal asset optimization across a certain planning horizon is of core importance. Modern planning problems are more inclined towards a feasible solution amongst conflicting criteria. In this paper, an integrated decision-making planning (IDMP) approach is proposed. The proposed methodology includes voltage stability assessment indices linked with loss minimization condition-based approach, and is integrated with different multi-criteria decision-making methodologies (MCDM), followed by unanimous decision making (UDM). The proposed IDMP approach aims at optimal assets sitting and sizing in a meshed distribution network to find a trade-off solution with various asset types across normal and load growth horizons. An initial evaluation is carried out with assets such as distributed generation (DG), photovoltaic (PV)-based renewable DG, and distributed static compensator (D-STATCOM) units. The solutions for various cases of asset optimization and respective alternatives focusing on technical only, economic only, and techno-economic objectives across the planning horizon have been evaluated. Later, various prominent MCDM methodologies are applied to find a trade-off solution across different cases and scenarios of assets optimization. Finally, UDM is applied to find trade-off solutions amongst various MCDM methodologies across normal and load growth levels. The proposed approach is carried out across a 33-bus meshed configured distribution network. Findings from the proposed IDMP approach are compared with available works reported in the literature. The numerical results achieved have validated the effectiveness of the proposed planning approach in terms of better performance and an effective trade-off solution across various asset types.

ACS Style

Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi; Usama Ameer Khan; Hafiz Waleed Ahmad; Sajid Ali; Dong Ryeol Shin. A Techno-Economic Centric Integrated Decision-Making Planning Approach for Optimal Assets Placement in Meshed Distribution Network Across the Load Growth. Energies 2020, 13, 1444 .

AMA Style

Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi, Usama Ameer Khan, Hafiz Waleed Ahmad, Sajid Ali, Dong Ryeol Shin. A Techno-Economic Centric Integrated Decision-Making Planning Approach for Optimal Assets Placement in Meshed Distribution Network Across the Load Growth. Energies. 2020; 13 (6):1444.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi; Usama Ameer Khan; Hafiz Waleed Ahmad; Sajid Ali; Dong Ryeol Shin. 2020. "A Techno-Economic Centric Integrated Decision-Making Planning Approach for Optimal Assets Placement in Meshed Distribution Network Across the Load Growth." Energies 13, no. 6: 1444.

Journal article
Published: 10 March 2020 in Computer Networks
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Over the last decade, the number of Low-Power Wireless Access (LPWA) devices has increased remarkably. It has become crucial to introduce several LPWA technologies to share the burden of catering to the demands of these devices. Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is one such new cellular LPWA technology which has been standardized by 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) in June, 2016. It was developed with the aim to support low-complexity and low-power devices serving areas of poor radio coverage. In this survey, we review NB-IoT technology in detail. NB-IoT’s architecture is derived from that of Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular technology, which is another 3GPP technology. We first discuss the architectural changes made to the design of LTE to derive the design of NB-IoT, including changes in physical layer and layer-2 architecture. Next, we describe the various features introduced for NB-IoT in 3GPP Rel-13 and follow it up to describe the enhancements made in subsequent 3GPP releases until 3GPP Rel-16. Then, we review, in depth, the research work done on various aspects of NB-IoT. We follow it up with a discussion on the combination of NB-IoT with other interesting cellular technologies like Device-to-Device communication (D2D), Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA), social IoT, and 5th Generation New Radio (5G NR). We also look into a wide variety of real-world applications of NB-IoT. Finally, we point out a few open issues of NB-IoT and identify possible future research directions.

ACS Style

Eshita Rastogi; Navrati Saxena; Abhishek Roy; Dong Ryeol Shin. Narrowband Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Study. Computer Networks 2020, 173, 107209 .

AMA Style

Eshita Rastogi, Navrati Saxena, Abhishek Roy, Dong Ryeol Shin. Narrowband Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Study. Computer Networks. 2020; 173 ():107209.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eshita Rastogi; Navrati Saxena; Abhishek Roy; Dong Ryeol Shin. 2020. "Narrowband Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Study." Computer Networks 173, no. : 107209.

Journal article
Published: 25 October 2019 in Diagnostics
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A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system is a complex, high cost, and long-life product. It is a widely known fact that performing a system reliability test of a MRI system during the development phase is a challenging task. The major challenges include sample size, high test cost, and long test duration. This paper introduces a novel approach to perform a MRI system reliability test in a reasonably acceptable time with one sample size. Our approach is based on an accelerated reliability growth test, which consists of test cycle made of a very high-energy time-of-flight three-dimensional (TOF3D) pulse sequence representing an actual hospital usage scenario. First, we construct a nominal day usage scenario based on actual data collected from an MRI system used inside the hospital. Then, we calculate the life-time stress based on a usage scenario. Finally, we develop an accelerated reliability growth test cycle based on a TOF3D pulse sequence that exerts highest vibration energy on the gradient coil and MRI system. We use a vibration energy model to map the life-time stress and reduce the test duration from 537 to 55 days. We use a Crow AMSAA plot to demonstrate that system design reaches its useful life after crossing the infant mortality phase.

ACS Style

Pradeep Kumar Anand; Dong Ryeol Shin; Navrati Saxena; Mudasar Latif Memon; Shin. Accelerated Reliability Growth Test for Magnetic Resonance Imaging System Using Time-of-Flight Three-Dimensional Pulse Sequence. Diagnostics 2019, 9, 164 .

AMA Style

Pradeep Kumar Anand, Dong Ryeol Shin, Navrati Saxena, Mudasar Latif Memon, Shin. Accelerated Reliability Growth Test for Magnetic Resonance Imaging System Using Time-of-Flight Three-Dimensional Pulse Sequence. Diagnostics. 2019; 9 (4):164.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pradeep Kumar Anand; Dong Ryeol Shin; Navrati Saxena; Mudasar Latif Memon; Shin. 2019. "Accelerated Reliability Growth Test for Magnetic Resonance Imaging System Using Time-of-Flight Three-Dimensional Pulse Sequence." Diagnostics 9, no. 4: 164.

Journal article
Published: 16 August 2019 in Energies
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This paper offers a new improved voltage stability assessment index (VSAI_B)-centered planning approach, aiming at the attainment of technical and cost related objectives with simultaneous multiple asset deployment in a mesh distribution systems (MDS). The assets such as multiple distributed generation (DG) and distributed static compensator (D-STATCOM) units have been utilized; aiming at voltage stabilization, loss minimization, and associated objectives. The proposed planning approach incorporates expressions of VSAI_B aiming at initial simultaneous assets placement followed by loss minimization conditions (LMC) for appropriate asset sizing, which is further utilized for performance evaluations. The VSAI_B-LMC-based integrated planning approach is applied to configured MDS models such as a 33-bus test distribution system (TDS) for detailed analysis. The performance evaluations with the presented approach have been conducted for different cases along with respective scenarios considering various technical and cost-economic performance metrics. First, three cases referring to multiple DGs sitting and sizing for various power factors have been presented, followed later by two cases of multiple DGs and D-STATCOMs with respective evaluation scenarios. Finally, benchmark analysis is conducted on a 69-bus TDS for validity demonstration of the proposed approach. The comparison of achieved results in comparison with the available literature points out toward the validity and improved performance of the proposed approach.

ACS Style

Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi; Dong Ryeol Shin; Hafiz Waleed Ahmad; Shin. A New Improved Voltage Stability Assessment Index-centered Integrated Planning Approach for Multiple Asset Placement in Mesh Distribution Systems. Energies 2019, 12, 3163 .

AMA Style

Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi, Dong Ryeol Shin, Hafiz Waleed Ahmad, Shin. A New Improved Voltage Stability Assessment Index-centered Integrated Planning Approach for Multiple Asset Placement in Mesh Distribution Systems. Energies. 2019; 12 (16):3163.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi; Dong Ryeol Shin; Hafiz Waleed Ahmad; Shin. 2019. "A New Improved Voltage Stability Assessment Index-centered Integrated Planning Approach for Multiple Asset Placement in Mesh Distribution Systems." Energies 12, no. 16: 3163.

Journal article
Published: 11 July 2019 in Electronics
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5G is expected to deal with high data rates for different types of wireless traffic. To enable high data rates, 5G employs beam searching operation to align the best beam pairs. Beam searching operation along with high order modulation techniques in 5G, exhausts the battery power of user equipment (UE). LTE network uses discontinuous reception (DRX) with fixed sleep cycles to save UE energy. LTE-DRX in current form cannot work in 5G network, as it does not consider multiple beam communication and the length of sleep cycle is fixed. On the other hand, artificial intelligence (AI) has a tendency to learn and predict the packet arrival-time values from real wireless traffic traces. In this paper, we present AI based DRX (AI-DRX) mechanism for energy efficiency in 5G enabled devices. We propose AI-DRX algorithm for multiple beam communications, to enable dynamic short and long sleep cycles in DRX. AI-DRX saves the energy of UE while considering delay requirements of different services. We train a recurrent neural network (RNN) on two real wireless traces with minimum root mean square error (RMSE) of 5 ms for trace 1 and 6 ms for trace 2. Then, we utilize the trained RNN model in AI-DRX algorithm to make dynamic short or long sleep cycles. As compared to LTE-DRX, AI-DRX achieves 69% higher energy efficiency on trace 1 and 55% more energy efficiency on trace 2, respectively. The AI-DRX attains 70% improvement in energy efficiency for trace 2 compared with Poisson packet arrival model for λ=1/20.

ACS Style

Mudasar Latif Memon; Mukesh Kumar Maheshwari; Navrati Saxena; Abhishek Roy; Dong Ryeol Shin. Artificial Intelligence-Based Discontinuous Reception for Energy Saving in 5G Networks. Electronics 2019, 8, 778 .

AMA Style

Mudasar Latif Memon, Mukesh Kumar Maheshwari, Navrati Saxena, Abhishek Roy, Dong Ryeol Shin. Artificial Intelligence-Based Discontinuous Reception for Energy Saving in 5G Networks. Electronics. 2019; 8 (7):778.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mudasar Latif Memon; Mukesh Kumar Maheshwari; Navrati Saxena; Abhishek Roy; Dong Ryeol Shin. 2019. "Artificial Intelligence-Based Discontinuous Reception for Energy Saving in 5G Networks." Electronics 8, no. 7: 778.

Review articles
Published: 03 March 2019 in IETE Technical Review
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The expected rise of small devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) require these devices to operate without any power interruption. The replacement and recharging of batteries in these widely deployed small IoT devices is a challenging task. Recently, Ambient Backscatter Communications (AmB-Com) is introduced, which enables passive IoT devices to harvest power from nearby Radio Frequency (RF) signals. AmB-Com allows the passive devices to harvest energy and simultaneously transmit their information using the reflection of incident RF signals. This survey paper covers various types of ambient RF signals as the source of energy to energize passive IoT devices. Then, we show the utilization of multiple frequency bands to power up passive devices. In order to keep the balance between energy harvesting and information transfer, we discuss efficient power transfer schemes for AmB-Com in addition to energy management, resource allocation, and optimization techniques. Finally, we cover the performance of AmB-Com systems and highlight the research challenges in AmB-Com.

ACS Style

Mudasar Latif Memon; Navrati Saxena; Abhishek Roy; Sukhdeep Singh; Dong Ryeol Shin. Ambient Backscatter Communications to Energize IoT Devices. IETE Technical Review 2019, 37, 196 -210.

AMA Style

Mudasar Latif Memon, Navrati Saxena, Abhishek Roy, Sukhdeep Singh, Dong Ryeol Shin. Ambient Backscatter Communications to Energize IoT Devices. IETE Technical Review. 2019; 37 (2):196-210.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mudasar Latif Memon; Navrati Saxena; Abhishek Roy; Sukhdeep Singh; Dong Ryeol Shin. 2019. "Ambient Backscatter Communications to Energize IoT Devices." IETE Technical Review 37, no. 2: 196-210.

Journal article
Published: 26 January 2019 in Electronics
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The ever increasing proliferation of wireless objects and consistent connectivity demands are creating significant challenges for battery-constrained wireless devices. The vision of massive IoT, involving billions of smart objects to be connected to the cellular network, needs to address the problem of uninterrupted power consumption while taking advantage of emerging high-frequency 5G communications. The problem of limited battery power motivates us to utilize radio frequency (RF) signals as the energy source for battery-free communications in next-generation wireless networks. Backscatter communication (BackCom) makes it possible to harvest energy from incident RF signals and reflect back parts of the same signals while modulating the data. Ambient BackCom (Amb-BackCom) is a type of BackCom that can harvest energy from nearby WiFi, TV, and cellular RF signals to modulate information. The objective of this article is to review BackCom as a solution to the limited battery life problem and enable future battery-free communications for combating the energy issues for devices in emerging wireless networks. We first highlight the energy constraint in existing wireless communications. We then investigate BackCom as a practical solution to the limited battery life problem. Subsequently, in order to take the advantages of omnipresent radio waves, we elaborate BackCom tag architecture and various types of BackCom. To understand encoding and data extraction, we demonstrate signal processing aspects that cover channel coding, interference, decoding, and signal detection schemes. Moreover, we also describe BackCom communication modes, modulation schemes, and multiple access techniques to accommodate maximum users with high throughput. Similarly, to mitigate the increased network energy, adequate data and power transfer schemes for BackCom are elaborated, in addition to reliability, security, and range extension. Finally, we highlight BackCom applications with existing research challenges and future directions for next-generation 5G wireless networks.

ACS Style

Mudasar Latif Memon; Navrati Saxena; Abhishek Roy; Dong Ryeol Shin. Backscatter Communications: Inception of the Battery-Free Era—A Comprehensive Survey. Electronics 2019, 8, 129 .

AMA Style

Mudasar Latif Memon, Navrati Saxena, Abhishek Roy, Dong Ryeol Shin. Backscatter Communications: Inception of the Battery-Free Era—A Comprehensive Survey. Electronics. 2019; 8 (2):129.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mudasar Latif Memon; Navrati Saxena; Abhishek Roy; Dong Ryeol Shin. 2019. "Backscatter Communications: Inception of the Battery-Free Era—A Comprehensive Survey." Electronics 8, no. 2: 129.

Correction
Published: 16 January 2019 in Energies
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The authors wish to make the following corrections to their paper

ACS Style

Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi; Abdul Kashif Janjua; Dong Ryeol Shin. Correction: Kazmi, S.A.A.; Janjua, A.K.; Shin, D.R. Enhanced Voltage Stability Assessment Index Based Planning Approach for Mesh Distribution Systems. Energies 2018, 11, 1213. Energies 2019, 12, 275 .

AMA Style

Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi, Abdul Kashif Janjua, Dong Ryeol Shin. Correction: Kazmi, S.A.A.; Janjua, A.K.; Shin, D.R. Enhanced Voltage Stability Assessment Index Based Planning Approach for Mesh Distribution Systems. Energies 2018, 11, 1213. Energies. 2019; 12 (2):275.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi; Abdul Kashif Janjua; Dong Ryeol Shin. 2019. "Correction: Kazmi, S.A.A.; Janjua, A.K.; Shin, D.R. Enhanced Voltage Stability Assessment Index Based Planning Approach for Mesh Distribution Systems. Energies 2018, 11, 1213." Energies 12, no. 2: 275.

Research article
Published: 20 November 2018 in International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks
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Information communication technology related vehicle services need to support location and the transmission of communication and traffic information between vehicles, or between vehicles and infrastructure. In particular, the technology for the measurement of the accurate location of a vehicle is dependent on location-determination technology like Global Positioning System, and this technology is very important for vehicle driving and location services. If, however, a vehicle is in a Global Positioning System radio-shadow area, neither a Global Positioning System nor a Differential Global Positioning System can accurately measure the corresponding location because of a high error rate caused by the shadowing intervention. Even an Inertial Measurement Unit could provide inaccurate location data due to sensor drift faults around corners and traffic-road speed dumps. Vehicles, therefore, need an absolute location to prevent the provision of inaccurate vehicle-location data that is due to radio-shadow areas and relational Inertial Measurement Unit positions. To achieve this, we assume that vehicle-to-infrastructure communication is possible between a vehicle and roadside unit in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks. We used iBeacon at the roadside unit and revised its Universally Unique Identifier so that it generates absolute Global Positioning System location data; that is, moving vehicles can receive absolute Global Positioning System data from the roadside unit-based iBeacon. We compared the proposed method with current Global Positioning System and Inertial Measurement Unit systems for the following two cases: one with a radio-shadow area and one without. We proved that the proposed method generates location data that are more accurate than those of the other methods.

ACS Style

Choonsung Nam; Dong-Ryeol Shin. Vehicle location measurement method for radio-shadow area through iBeacon message. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 2018, 14, 1 .

AMA Style

Choonsung Nam, Dong-Ryeol Shin. Vehicle location measurement method for radio-shadow area through iBeacon message. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks. 2018; 14 (11):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Choonsung Nam; Dong-Ryeol Shin. 2018. "Vehicle location measurement method for radio-shadow area through iBeacon message." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 14, no. 11: 1.

Conference paper
Published: 20 November 2018 in Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
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Today, research and commercialization about the autonomous vehicle are being progressed. Among them, the most popular issue is self-driving. To support self-driving, a vehicle has to know the pedestrian’s location. Pedestrians have a smartphone with BLE communication. Thus, this paper proposes Bluetooth Lower Energy (BLE) communication-based service that recognizes the pedestrian and sends a warning message to the vehicle. It can be easily usable because it is easy to find a device that uses BLE communication such as a smartphone.

ACS Style

Jinhyuck Park; Choonsung Nam; Jangyeol Lee; Dongryeol Shin. A Pedestrian Collision Prevention Method Through P2V Communication. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 2018, 547 -553.

AMA Style

Jinhyuck Park, Choonsung Nam, Jangyeol Lee, Dongryeol Shin. A Pedestrian Collision Prevention Method Through P2V Communication. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. 2018; ():547-553.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jinhyuck Park; Choonsung Nam; Jangyeol Lee; Dongryeol Shin. 2018. "A Pedestrian Collision Prevention Method Through P2V Communication." Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing , no. : 547-553.

Journal article
Published: 30 July 2018 in Procedia Computer Science
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With the development of IT technology in recent years, various digital technologies and automation technologies are also used in shipbuilding / shipping industry, and the existing closed structure is changing to an ICT-based open structure. If the various systems (navigation communication, engines, etc.) installed and operated on ships have been limited to each unit function and provided functions, these changes are now the ones to an integrative and comprehensive ship operating system which integrate data and share mutual information through interworking and integration between internal and external systems of the ship using the ICT technology based on the unit system. Moreover, the development of Hyper-connectivity and Super-intelligence technology of the 4th Industrial Revolution has a rapid and widespread influence on the shipbuilding and shipping industry. In this change, we have designed a smart autonomous ship architecture that enables Unmanned Ship by using Intelligence Information Technology (ICBMS + AI), which is the core technology of the fourth industrial revolution, and remote ship operation and management system that can operate it safely, economically and efficiently. In this paper, we derived the technology through the analysis from various angles such as components of ship, characteristics of shipping logistics, duties and roles of crew, and applications of intelligent information technology and proposed Smart Autonomous Ship and Shore Architecture in which the information between Smart Autonomous Ship and Data Center is converged and is organically integrated and operated by applying these technologies to Smart Autonomous Ship and Shore Data Center.

ACS Style

Illkyun Im; Dongryeol Shin; Jongpil Jeong. Components for Smart Autonomous Ship Architecture Based on Intelligent Information Technology. Procedia Computer Science 2018, 134, 91 -98.

AMA Style

Illkyun Im, Dongryeol Shin, Jongpil Jeong. Components for Smart Autonomous Ship Architecture Based on Intelligent Information Technology. Procedia Computer Science. 2018; 134 ():91-98.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Illkyun Im; Dongryeol Shin; Jongpil Jeong. 2018. "Components for Smart Autonomous Ship Architecture Based on Intelligent Information Technology." Procedia Computer Science 134, no. : 91-98.

Journal article
Published: 09 May 2018 in Energies
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This paper offers an enhanced voltage stability assessment index (VSAI) and loss minimalize condition (LMC) centered integrated planning approach. The proposed method aims at the simultaneous attainment of voltage stability, loss minimizations and various other related objectives with the employment of multiple distributed generation (DG) units, in mesh distribution systems (MDS). The approach presents two enhanced VSAI expressions based on a multiple-loops configured equivalent MDS model. The main objective of each VSAI expression is to find the weakest buses as potential candidates for single and multiple DG placements with initial optimal DG sizes for aimed objectives attainment in MDS. Later, mathematical expressions for LMC have been presented, based on equivalent MDS model. The LMC aims to achieve significant loss minimization with optimal DG sizes and attain negligible voltage difference across tie-line branches via reduction of respective loop currents. The proposed integrated VSAI-LMC based planning approach is employed with two computation variants and tested on two well-known, 33-Bus and 69-Bus, test distribution systems (TDS). The performance analysis of each TDS is conducted with two cases and respective scenarios, across various performance evaluation indicators (PEIs). The paper also offers a comparative analysis of achieved numerical outcomes of the proposed planning approach with the available research works found in the literature. The numerical results attained have better performance in comparison with the presented literature data and thus shows the effectiveness and validity of the proposed planning approach.

ACS Style

Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi; Abdul Kashif Janjua; Dong Ryeol Shin. Enhanced Voltage Stability Assessment Index Based Planning Approach for Mesh Distribution Systems. Energies 2018, 11, 1213 .

AMA Style

Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi, Abdul Kashif Janjua, Dong Ryeol Shin. Enhanced Voltage Stability Assessment Index Based Planning Approach for Mesh Distribution Systems. Energies. 2018; 11 (5):1213.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi; Abdul Kashif Janjua; Dong Ryeol Shin. 2018. "Enhanced Voltage Stability Assessment Index Based Planning Approach for Mesh Distribution Systems." Energies 11, no. 5: 1213.

Review
Published: 04 March 2018 in IETE Technical Review
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Deep Learning is undergoing intense study as it continues to attain outstanding results because of multiple levels of abstractions. Currently, deep learning algorithms are trained and executed on a single machine with multiple Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). To achieve better results, a large amount of data need to be trained in deep neural network with expensive GPUs and General Purpose GPU (GPGPUs). Training complex deep learning models take weeks and sometimes even months. In order to converge faster without comprising in accuracy percentage, distributed and parallel nature of Apache Spark comes into play. Spark has an advantage of in-memory and fast processing of data. Recent researchers involve the integration of deep learning and Apache Spark to exploit computation power and scalability. In this paper, all the recent deep learning frameworks are reviewed exhaustively with a detailed assessment and comparison. Experimentation results are provided to evaluate which frameworks are more suitable for deep models. We also discussed the open issues related to each deep learning framework.

ACS Style

Nikitha Johnsirani Venkatesan; Choonsung Nam; Dong Ryeol Shin. Deep Learning Frameworks on Apache Spark: A Review. IETE Technical Review 2018, 36, 164 -177.

AMA Style

Nikitha Johnsirani Venkatesan, Choonsung Nam, Dong Ryeol Shin. Deep Learning Frameworks on Apache Spark: A Review. IETE Technical Review. 2018; 36 (2):164-177.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nikitha Johnsirani Venkatesan; Choonsung Nam; Dong Ryeol Shin. 2018. "Deep Learning Frameworks on Apache Spark: A Review." IETE Technical Review 36, no. 2: 164-177.