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Severe equine asthma (EA) syndrome is a chronic obstructive disease characterized by exaggerated contraction, inflammation, and structural alteration of the airways in adult horses, when exposed to airborne molds and particulate material. However, little is known about the relationship between the degree and type of inflammation on one hand, and the severity of the disease and the response to treatment on the other. Furthermore, to date, very few studies evaluate the diagnostic value of histology and immunohistochemical features of endoscopic biopsies on subjects with severe equine asthma. To investigate the expression of two inflammatory markers (NKA and IL-8) before, during, and after the exacerbation of severe EA, a histological and immunohistochemical study was carried out on a series of biopsy samples collected by bronchoscopy from six EA-affected horses subjected to process exacerbation through environmental stimuli and then to pharmacological treatment. The application of a histological biopsy scoring system revealed a significant difference between control cases and the EA-affected horses in all experimental phases (asymptomatic, early exacerbation phase, late exacerbation phase, and remission phase). For immunohistochemistry (IHC), only the intensity of NKA positivity increases significantly between control horses and the EA horses at late exacerbation and remission phases. In EA-affected horses, a difference was detected by comparing histology between asymptomatic and remission phase, meanwhile, NKA and IL-8 showed no differences between the experimental phases. Based on these results we can assert that: (1) The endoscopic biopsies generate reliable and homogeneous samples in the entire bronchial tree; (2) the clinical improvement associated with treatment is characterized by a significant worsening of the histological findings; and (3) the NKA immunopositivity seems to increase significantly rather than decrease, as one would have expected, after pharmacological treatment. Further studies are necessary both to implement the number of samples and to use other markers of inflammation to characterize the potential role of cytokines in the diagnosis and therapeutic approach of severe equine asthma.
Maria Morini; Angelo Peli; Riccardo Rinnovati; Giuseppe Magazzù; Noemi Romagnoli; Alessandro Spadari; Marco Pietra. Immunohistochemical Expression of Neurokinin-A and Interleukin-8 in the Bronchial Epithelium of Horses with Severe Equine Asthma Syndrome during Asymptomatic, Exacerbation, and Remission Phase. Animals 2021, 11, 1376 .
AMA StyleMaria Morini, Angelo Peli, Riccardo Rinnovati, Giuseppe Magazzù, Noemi Romagnoli, Alessandro Spadari, Marco Pietra. Immunohistochemical Expression of Neurokinin-A and Interleukin-8 in the Bronchial Epithelium of Horses with Severe Equine Asthma Syndrome during Asymptomatic, Exacerbation, and Remission Phase. Animals. 2021; 11 (5):1376.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Morini; Angelo Peli; Riccardo Rinnovati; Giuseppe Magazzù; Noemi Romagnoli; Alessandro Spadari; Marco Pietra. 2021. "Immunohistochemical Expression of Neurokinin-A and Interleukin-8 in the Bronchial Epithelium of Horses with Severe Equine Asthma Syndrome during Asymptomatic, Exacerbation, and Remission Phase." Animals 11, no. 5: 1376.
Large colon volvulus in horses is associated with a poor prognosis, especially when ischemic-reperfusion injury of the affected intestinal tract develops. Proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution and expression of PAR2 in colonic pelvic flexure of horses spontaneously affected by large colon volvulus (CVH group). Eight horses admitted for severe abdominal colon volvolus and which underwent surgery were included. Colon samples were collected after enterotomy. Data previously obtained from healthy horses were used as a control group. Histologic evaluation was carried out to grade the severity of the colon lesions. Immunofluorescence, western blot and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were carried out on colon samples to evaluate PAR2 expression. In addition, the transcriptional profile of cytokines and chemokines was evaluated using RT2 Profiler™ PCR Array Horse Cytokines & Chemokines. Three out of the eight patients were euthanised due to clinical deterioration. Immunostaining for PAR2 was observed in the enterocytes, intestinal glands and neurons of the submucosal and myenteric plexi. In the CVH horses, the expression of PAR2 mesenger RNA (mRNA) did not differ significantly from that of the healthy animals; western blots of the mucosa of the colon tracts showed a clear band of the expected molecular weight for PAR2 (~44 kDa) and a band smaller than the expected molecular weight for PAR2 (25kDa), suggesting its activation. The gene expressions for C-X-C motif ligand 1 (CXCL1); interleukin 8 (IL8), macrophage inflammatory protein 2 beta (MIP-2BETA) were upregulated in the colic horses as compared with the colons of the healthy horses. Therefore, in the present study, the expression and activation of PAR2 in the colons of horses in the presence of an inflammatory reaction like that occurring in those with spontaneous colon volvulus was confirmed.
Carlotta Lambertini; Augusta Zannoni; Noemi Romagnoli; Cristiano Bombardi; Maria Morini; Francesco Dondi; Chiara Bernardini; Monica Forni; Riccardo Rinnovati; Alessandro Spadari. Expression of Proteinase-Activated Receptor 2 During Colon Volvulus in the Horse. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2020, 7, 1 .
AMA StyleCarlotta Lambertini, Augusta Zannoni, Noemi Romagnoli, Cristiano Bombardi, Maria Morini, Francesco Dondi, Chiara Bernardini, Monica Forni, Riccardo Rinnovati, Alessandro Spadari. Expression of Proteinase-Activated Receptor 2 During Colon Volvulus in the Horse. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2020; 7 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlotta Lambertini; Augusta Zannoni; Noemi Romagnoli; Cristiano Bombardi; Maria Morini; Francesco Dondi; Chiara Bernardini; Monica Forni; Riccardo Rinnovati; Alessandro Spadari. 2020. "Expression of Proteinase-Activated Receptor 2 During Colon Volvulus in the Horse." Frontiers in Veterinary Science 7, no. : 1.
Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a common event during general anaesthesia but is often underdiagnosed in veterinary medicine. The oesophageal pH in anaesthetised dogs undergoing endoscopic evaluation of the upper gastrointestinal tract (END group; n = 12) or orthopaedic surgery (ORT group; n = 12) was measured using an oesophageal probe. The dogs were sedated with acepromazine or with methadone or butorphanol, and anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane. Of the 24 dogs in this study, 21 (87.5%) had an episode of GER during anaesthesia. The incidence of GER, as well as the first, the minimum, and the maximum pH values, did not differ significantly between the groups. The mean maximum difference versus the first pH value was higher for dogs in the END group (−2.6 ± 3.5) as compared with those in the ORT group (−0.7 ± 2.5), although they were not statistically significant (p = 0.25). The administration of methadone or butorphanol had no significant effect on the development of acidic reflux or biliary reflux. In the acepromazine-sedated dogs, the incidence of GER did not differ significantly between patients undergoing an endoscopic procedure and those undergoing orthopaedic surgery; however, during endoscopy, fluctuations in the oesophageal pH can be expected, even without any clinical signs of GER.
Carlotta Lambertini; Marco Pietra; Giorgia Galiazzo; Francesco Torresan; Stefania Pinna; Luciano Pisoni; Noemi Romagnoli. Incidence of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Dogs Undergoing Orthopaedic Surgery or Endoscopic Evaluation of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract. Veterinary Sciences 2020, 7, 144 .
AMA StyleCarlotta Lambertini, Marco Pietra, Giorgia Galiazzo, Francesco Torresan, Stefania Pinna, Luciano Pisoni, Noemi Romagnoli. Incidence of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Dogs Undergoing Orthopaedic Surgery or Endoscopic Evaluation of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract. Veterinary Sciences. 2020; 7 (4):144.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlotta Lambertini; Marco Pietra; Giorgia Galiazzo; Francesco Torresan; Stefania Pinna; Luciano Pisoni; Noemi Romagnoli. 2020. "Incidence of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Dogs Undergoing Orthopaedic Surgery or Endoscopic Evaluation of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract." Veterinary Sciences 7, no. 4: 144.
High dose medetomidine 0.13 mg/kg can be used for semen collection in cats with variable results in terms of quantity and quality. Therefore, a variation in terms of distribution and elimination among patients has been hypothesised. The aim of the study was to characterise the pharmacokinetics of medetomidine (0.13 mg/kg) administered intramuscularly (IM) in healthy male cats. Eighteen male cats undergoing castration were included, and medetomidine (0.13 mg/kg) was administered IM. Venous blood samples were collected at 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 75 and 90 minutes after medetomidine administration. Before orchiectomy, at T20, sperm collection was attempted. Plasma medetomidine concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. Semen collection was successful in 15/18 cats. The medetomidine plasma concentration following the IM administration of a bolus was best described using a non-compartment model. Time of maximum concentration was observed at 40 minutes (range 20–90); maximum concentration was 32.8 ng/mL (range 26.8–51.2). The median apparent clearance was 11.9 mL/kg/minute (range 0.7–43.8). In conclusion, medetomidine administered IM at 0.13 mg/kg reached its peak plasma concentration slowly and with variability among patients. In addition, it was characterised by low total body clearance probably due to the cardiovascular alterations associated with medetomidine administration.
Noemi Romagnoli; Carlotta Lambertini; Daniele Zambelli; Marco Cunto; Giulia Ballotta; Andrea Barbarossa. Plasma Concentration Rise after the Intramuscular Administration of High Dose Medetomidine (0.13 mg/kg) for Semen Collection in Cats. Veterinary Sciences 2020, 7, 17 .
AMA StyleNoemi Romagnoli, Carlotta Lambertini, Daniele Zambelli, Marco Cunto, Giulia Ballotta, Andrea Barbarossa. Plasma Concentration Rise after the Intramuscular Administration of High Dose Medetomidine (0.13 mg/kg) for Semen Collection in Cats. Veterinary Sciences. 2020; 7 (1):17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNoemi Romagnoli; Carlotta Lambertini; Daniele Zambelli; Marco Cunto; Giulia Ballotta; Andrea Barbarossa. 2020. "Plasma Concentration Rise after the Intramuscular Administration of High Dose Medetomidine (0.13 mg/kg) for Semen Collection in Cats." Veterinary Sciences 7, no. 1: 17.
Noemi Romagnoli; Augusta Zannoni; Chiara Bernardini; Thomas Gobbetti; Cristiano Bombardi; Anna Maria Rambaldi; Maria Morini; Francesco Dondi; Riccardo Rinnovati; Carlotta Lambertini; Alessandro Spadari. Proteinase-activated receptor 2 distribution and expression in equine small intestine tracts following herniation through the epiploic foramen. Research in Veterinary Science 2019, 125, 434 -440.
AMA StyleNoemi Romagnoli, Augusta Zannoni, Chiara Bernardini, Thomas Gobbetti, Cristiano Bombardi, Anna Maria Rambaldi, Maria Morini, Francesco Dondi, Riccardo Rinnovati, Carlotta Lambertini, Alessandro Spadari. Proteinase-activated receptor 2 distribution and expression in equine small intestine tracts following herniation through the epiploic foramen. Research in Veterinary Science. 2019; 125 ():434-440.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNoemi Romagnoli; Augusta Zannoni; Chiara Bernardini; Thomas Gobbetti; Cristiano Bombardi; Anna Maria Rambaldi; Maria Morini; Francesco Dondi; Riccardo Rinnovati; Carlotta Lambertini; Alessandro Spadari. 2019. "Proteinase-activated receptor 2 distribution and expression in equine small intestine tracts following herniation through the epiploic foramen." Research in Veterinary Science 125, no. : 434-440.
To measure plasma methadone concentrations in bitches and the umbilical cords of their puppies after systemic or epidural administration. Prospective, randomized, clinical study. A total of 27 healthy pregnant female dogs undergoing caesarean section, 4.3 ± 2.3 years of age and weighing 19.9 ± 13.2 kg. The dogs were randomly divided into three groups: 1) intramuscular methadone (0.3 mg kg-1) (group MET; n = 9); 2) epidural methadone (0.1 mg kg-1) (group METEPI; n = 9); and 3) epidural lidocaine (4.4 mg kg-1) [group CON (control group); n = 9]. Ten minutes before induction, methadone was administered intramuscularly to the group MET dogs. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane. Cardiovascular and respiratory parameters were monitored throughout the anaesthesia. After induction, epidural anaesthesia was administered to dogs in groups METEPI and CON. Before any treatment (T0) and, as soon as the last foetus was removed from the uterus (T1), venous blood samples were collected from each dog into heparinized tubes; the umbilical cords were collected and stored at -80 °C until pharmacological analysis was carried out. The samples were analysed using ultra performance liquid chromatography. The cardiorespiratory parameters of the bitches and of the puppies at birth, and the Apgar scores did not differ significantly between groups. At T1 both the median maternal methadone plasma concentration and the median methadone umbilical cord concentration were higher in group MET compared to group METEPI (p = 0.0018 and p = 0.004, respectively). The maternal plasma concentration was higher than the concentration in the umbilical cords (p = 0.05) in group METEPI but not in group MET (p = 0.25). Epidural methadone (0.1 mg kg-1) administered to bitches undergoing caesarean section is associated with lower umbilical cord methadone concentrations as compared with intramuscularly administered methadone at higher dosages (0.3 mg kg-1).
Noemi Romagnoli; Andrea Barbarossa; Marco Cunto; Giulia Ballotta; Daniele Zambelli; Sara Armorini; Anna Zaghini; Carlotta Lambertini. Evaluation of methadone concentrations in bitches and in umbilical cords after epidural or systemic administration for caesarean section: A randomized trial. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia 2018, 46, 375 -383.
AMA StyleNoemi Romagnoli, Andrea Barbarossa, Marco Cunto, Giulia Ballotta, Daniele Zambelli, Sara Armorini, Anna Zaghini, Carlotta Lambertini. Evaluation of methadone concentrations in bitches and in umbilical cords after epidural or systemic administration for caesarean section: A randomized trial. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia. 2018; 46 (3):375-383.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNoemi Romagnoli; Andrea Barbarossa; Marco Cunto; Giulia Ballotta; Daniele Zambelli; Sara Armorini; Anna Zaghini; Carlotta Lambertini. 2018. "Evaluation of methadone concentrations in bitches and in umbilical cords after epidural or systemic administration for caesarean section: A randomized trial." Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia 46, no. 3: 375-383.
Noemi Romagnoli; Riccardo Rinnovati; Carlotta Lambertini; Alessandro Spadari. Short-term General Anesthesia With Tiletamine/Zolazepam in Horses Sedated With Medetomidine for Castration Under Field Conditions. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 2018, 67, 50 -54.
AMA StyleNoemi Romagnoli, Riccardo Rinnovati, Carlotta Lambertini, Alessandro Spadari. Short-term General Anesthesia With Tiletamine/Zolazepam in Horses Sedated With Medetomidine for Castration Under Field Conditions. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2018; 67 ():50-54.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNoemi Romagnoli; Riccardo Rinnovati; Carlotta Lambertini; Alessandro Spadari. 2018. "Short-term General Anesthesia With Tiletamine/Zolazepam in Horses Sedated With Medetomidine for Castration Under Field Conditions." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 67, no. : 50-54.
The aims of this study were to assess the plasma concentrations of romifidine in horses after intravenous injection, to evaluate the red blood cell (RBC) partitioning of the anaesthetic drug, and to improve knowledge regarding its sedative effect in horses describing the pharmacokinetic model. Eight adult Standardbred horses received a single bolus of romifidine at a dosage of 100 μg/kg. Blood samples (5 mL) were collected immediately before romifidine administration (t0), and at 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 150 and 180 min after injection. A sedation score was recorded at the same time. The romifidine concentrations in plasma and red blood cells were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The plasma and red blood cell concentrations were correlated with the sedation at each time point. Romifidine produced a satisfactory level of sedation in all animals. The sedation was detectable in all horses for up to 105 min. All the animals returned to normal without any behavioural changes at 180 min. The romifidine concentrations in the red blood cells were significantly higher (P < 0.01) at all time points than those in the plasma. The T1/2β was 148.67 ± 61.59 min and body clearance was 22.55 ± 6.67 mL/kg per min. The results showed that after a single bolus administration of romifidine, a partitioning in the RBCs was detected.
Noemi Romagnoli; Khaled M. Al‐Qudah; Sara Armorini; Carlotta Lambertini; Anna Zaghini; Alessandro Spadari; Paola Roncada. Pharmacokinetic profile and partitioning in red blood cells of romifidine after single intravenous administration in the horse. Veterinary Medicine and Science 2017, 3, 187 -197.
AMA StyleNoemi Romagnoli, Khaled M. Al‐Qudah, Sara Armorini, Carlotta Lambertini, Anna Zaghini, Alessandro Spadari, Paola Roncada. Pharmacokinetic profile and partitioning in red blood cells of romifidine after single intravenous administration in the horse. Veterinary Medicine and Science. 2017; 3 (4):187-197.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNoemi Romagnoli; Khaled M. Al‐Qudah; Sara Armorini; Carlotta Lambertini; Anna Zaghini; Alessandro Spadari; Paola Roncada. 2017. "Pharmacokinetic profile and partitioning in red blood cells of romifidine after single intravenous administration in the horse." Veterinary Medicine and Science 3, no. 4: 187-197.
To describe the ultrasound (US) evaluation of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal tracts in piglets and to evaluate the feasibility of the ultrasound guided spinal catheter placement in newborn and paediatric piglets. Prospective experimental study. A total of two piglet cadavers (age, 7 and 14 days) and eight commercial crossbreed piglets divided into four groups according to age: 7 (P7), 14 (P14), 21 (P21) and 28 (P28) days. In the first part of the study an ultrasound examination of the spinal tract was performed in piglet cadavers applying the transverse and the longitudinal approaches in sternal and lateral recumbencies. In the second phase, the piglets were anaesthetized with sevoflurane. A US examination with a 10 MHz linear probe was performed and a spinal catheter was introduced between the spinous processes of L2 and L3 lumbar vertebrae using an in-plane technique and its advancement was monitored with the probe. At the end of procedure, the catheter was removed. The piglets recovered from anaesthesia and were monitored for one week. In phase I the authors identified the paramedian longitudinal approach as the most feasible for spinal structure evaluation in piglets. In phase II, the paramedian longitudinal views enabled a good visualization of the spinal cord and of the catheter advancement up to the cisterna magna in groups P7 and P14. In groups P21 and P28 it was not possible to visualize the neuroaxial structures and the spinal catheter using the same approach. No clinical alterations were recorded during the procedure or the following days. US-guided spinal catheter placement appeared a feasible technique in piglets younger than 14 days but it is not useful in older piglets.
Noemi Romagnoli; Carlotta Lambertini; Domenico Ventrella; Dario Floriano; Alberto Elmi; Francesca Barone; Maria Laura Bacci. Ultrasound guided spinal catheter insertion in piglet: preliminary results. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia 2017, 44, 1391 -1396.
AMA StyleNoemi Romagnoli, Carlotta Lambertini, Domenico Ventrella, Dario Floriano, Alberto Elmi, Francesca Barone, Maria Laura Bacci. Ultrasound guided spinal catheter insertion in piglet: preliminary results. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia. 2017; 44 (6):1391-1396.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNoemi Romagnoli; Carlotta Lambertini; Domenico Ventrella; Dario Floriano; Alberto Elmi; Francesca Barone; Maria Laura Bacci. 2017. "Ultrasound guided spinal catheter insertion in piglet: preliminary results." Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia 44, no. 6: 1391-1396.
The aims of this study were to measure plasma levels of R- and S-ketamine and their major metabolites R- and S-norketamine following single intravenous bolus administration of racemic or S-ketamine in sevoflurane anaesthetised dogs and to calculate the relevant pharmacokinetic profiles. Six adult healthy beagle dogs were used in the study. An intravenous bolus of 4mg/kg racemic ketamine (RS-KET) or 2mg/kg S-ketamine (S-KET) was administered, with a three-weeks washout period between treatments. Venous blood samples were collected at fixed times until 900min and R- and S-ketamine as well as R- and S-norketamine plasma levels determined by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Cardiovascular parameters were recorded during the anaesthesia until 240min. All dogs recovered well from anaesthesia. No statistical differences between groups were detected in any cardiovascular parameter. The pharmacokinetics of S-ketamine did not differ when injected intravenously alone or as part of the racemic mixture in dogs anaesthetised with sevoflurane. Following racemic ketamine, the area under the curve of R-norketamine was statistically higher than the one of S-norketamine.
Noemi Romagnoli; Rima Nadine Bektas; Annette Kutter; Andrea Barbarossa; Paola Roncada; Sonja Hartnack; Regula Bettschart. Pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine enantiomers after racemic or S-ketamine IV bolus administration in dogs during sevoflurane anaesthesia. Research in Veterinary Science 2017, 112, 208 -213.
AMA StyleNoemi Romagnoli, Rima Nadine Bektas, Annette Kutter, Andrea Barbarossa, Paola Roncada, Sonja Hartnack, Regula Bettschart. Pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine enantiomers after racemic or S-ketamine IV bolus administration in dogs during sevoflurane anaesthesia. Research in Veterinary Science. 2017; 112 ():208-213.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNoemi Romagnoli; Rima Nadine Bektas; Annette Kutter; Andrea Barbarossa; Paola Roncada; Sonja Hartnack; Regula Bettschart. 2017. "Pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine enantiomers after racemic or S-ketamine IV bolus administration in dogs during sevoflurane anaesthesia." Research in Veterinary Science 112, no. : 208-213.
The similarities between swine and humans in physiological and genomic patterns, and the great correlation in size and anatomy, make pigs extremely useful in preclinical studies. New-born piglets can represent a model for congenital and genetic diseases in new-born children. It is known that piglets may have significant differences in clinicopathological results compared to adult pigs. Therefore, adult laboratory reference intervals cannot be applied to piglets. The aim of this study was to compare haematological and chemical variables in piglets of two ages and determinate age-related reference intervals for commercial hybrid young pigs. Blood samples were collected under general anaesthesia from 130 animals divided into five- (P5) and 30- (P30) day-old piglets. Only P30 animals were treated with parenteral iron after birth. Samples were analysed using automated haematology (ADVIA 2120) and chemistry analysers, and age-related reference intervals were calculated. Significant higher values of RBC, Hb and HCT were observed in P30 animals when compared to P5, with an opposite trend for MCV. These results were associated with a reduction of the RBC regeneration process and the thrombopoietic response. The TSAT and TIBC were significantly higher in P30 compared to P5; however, piglets remained iron deficient compared to adult reference intervals reported previously. In conclusion, this paper emphasises the high variability occurring in clinicopathological variables between new-born and 30-day-old pigs, and between piglets and adult pigs. This study provides valuable reference data for piglets at precise ages and could be used in the future as historical control improving the Reduction in animal experiments, as suggested by the 3Rs principle.
Domenico Ventrella; Francesco Dondi; Francesca Barone; Federica Serafini; Alberto Elmi; Massimo Giunti; Noemi Romagnoli; Monica Forni; Maria Laura Bacci. The biomedical piglet: establishing reference intervals for haematology and clinical chemistry parameters of two age groups with and without iron supplementation. BMC Veterinary Research 2016, 13, 23 .
AMA StyleDomenico Ventrella, Francesco Dondi, Francesca Barone, Federica Serafini, Alberto Elmi, Massimo Giunti, Noemi Romagnoli, Monica Forni, Maria Laura Bacci. The biomedical piglet: establishing reference intervals for haematology and clinical chemistry parameters of two age groups with and without iron supplementation. BMC Veterinary Research. 2016; 13 (1):23.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDomenico Ventrella; Francesco Dondi; Francesca Barone; Federica Serafini; Alberto Elmi; Massimo Giunti; Noemi Romagnoli; Monica Forni; Maria Laura Bacci. 2016. "The biomedical piglet: establishing reference intervals for haematology and clinical chemistry parameters of two age groups with and without iron supplementation." BMC Veterinary Research 13, no. 1: 23.
The purpose of this study was to provide data on the disposition of stanozolol after bilateral intra-articular injection in the tarsal joints, to discover the length of time for which the drug can be detected in plasma after administration. Fourteen horses were included in the study. After aseptically preparing the injection site, 1 mL of an aqueous suspension containing 5 mg of stanozolol was injected into both the right and left tarsal joints of 12 horses; the two remaining animals were not treated and were used as a control group. Five milliliters of blood was collected immediately before stanozolol administration (t0) and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144, 156, and 168 hours after injection. The plasma concentration was determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) after solid phase extraction. The maximum plasma concentration was 1.7 ng/mL (range, 0.5–3.0 ng/mL), measured at 6 hours (range, 4–12 hours). The plasma elimination half life varied between 4 and 12 hours, whereas the plasma clearance per fraction of dose absorbed was in the 257.85–820.88 L/h range. The results of the present study make a preliminary contribution toward understanding the elimination profile of intra-articularly administered stanozolol in the horse. The drug passes rapidly into the systemic circulation, is eliminated rapidly, and is detected in plasma for no more than 36 hours after local administration.
Noemi Romagnoli; Anna Zaghini; Giorgio Fedrizzi; Adriano Sala; Simona Babbini; Andrea Barbarossa. Disposition of Stanozolol in Plasma After Intra-articular Administration in the Horse. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 2016, 47, 16 -19.
AMA StyleNoemi Romagnoli, Anna Zaghini, Giorgio Fedrizzi, Adriano Sala, Simona Babbini, Andrea Barbarossa. Disposition of Stanozolol in Plasma After Intra-articular Administration in the Horse. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2016; 47 ():16-19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNoemi Romagnoli; Anna Zaghini; Giorgio Fedrizzi; Adriano Sala; Simona Babbini; Andrea Barbarossa. 2016. "Disposition of Stanozolol in Plasma After Intra-articular Administration in the Horse." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 47, no. : 16-19.
Gene transfer of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAVs) holds promises to treat neurological disorders. Studies on different recombinant vector serotypes and modes of delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) showed that the combination of both rAAV serotype used and delivery routes play a key role in CNS transduction properties and thus in disease phenotype rescue outcome. However, one of the major hurdles to developing an effective clinical protocol for neurological disorders is the efficiency of vectors to reach the specific cell types in disease-specific CNS subdomains. An attractive vehicle to reach the CNS is represented by the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and different injection techniques (intrathecal cisterna magna, intra-ventricular and intrathecal lumbar injections) actually allow the central nervous system targeting by using the CSF flux. Along these years different AAV serotypes have been tested by intrathecal injections and some of these displayed a very specific tropism for the central nervous system. However, a quantitative and qualitative analysis of transduction patterns of the most promising rAAV serotypes for brain targeting in large animal models is missing. Here, we characterize distribution, transduction efficiency and cellular targeting of rAAV serotypes 1, 2, 5, 7, 9, rh.10, rh.39 and rh.43 delivered into the cisterna magna of wild type pigs. Despite the rAAV9 showed the highest transduction efficiency and the widest distribution capability among the vectors tested, the other serotypes showed a specific distribution pattern from the rostral to the caudal part of the CNS. rAAV9 robustly transduced both glia and neurons, including the motor neurons of the spinal cord. Relevant cell transduction specificity of the glia was observed after rAAV1 and rAAV7 delivery. rAAV7 also displayed a specific tropism to Purkinje cells. Evaluation of biochemical and hematological markers suggested that all rAAV serotypes tested were well tolerated. This study provides a comprehensive CNS transduction map in a useful pre-clinical large animal model enabling the selection of potentially clinically transferable rAAV serotypes based on disease specificity. Therefore, our data are instrumental for the clinical evaluation of these rAAV vectors in human neurodegenerative diseases.
Nicolina C. Sorrentino; Veronica Maffia; Sandra Strollo; Vincenzo Cacace; Noemi Romagnoli; Anna Manfredi; Domenico Ventrella; Francesco Dondi; Francesca Barone; Massimo Giunti; Anne-Renee Graham; Yan Huang; Susan L. Kalled; Alberto Auricchio; Maria L. Bacci; Enrico M. Surace; Alessandro Fraldi. 724. A Comprehensive Map of CNS Transduction by Eight Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Serotypes upon Cerebrospinal Fluid Administration in Pigs. Molecular Therapy 2016, 24, S285 .
AMA StyleNicolina C. Sorrentino, Veronica Maffia, Sandra Strollo, Vincenzo Cacace, Noemi Romagnoli, Anna Manfredi, Domenico Ventrella, Francesco Dondi, Francesca Barone, Massimo Giunti, Anne-Renee Graham, Yan Huang, Susan L. Kalled, Alberto Auricchio, Maria L. Bacci, Enrico M. Surace, Alessandro Fraldi. 724. A Comprehensive Map of CNS Transduction by Eight Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Serotypes upon Cerebrospinal Fluid Administration in Pigs. Molecular Therapy. 2016; 24 ():S285.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNicolina C. Sorrentino; Veronica Maffia; Sandra Strollo; Vincenzo Cacace; Noemi Romagnoli; Anna Manfredi; Domenico Ventrella; Francesco Dondi; Francesca Barone; Massimo Giunti; Anne-Renee Graham; Yan Huang; Susan L. Kalled; Alberto Auricchio; Maria L. Bacci; Enrico M. Surace; Alessandro Fraldi. 2016. "724. A Comprehensive Map of CNS Transduction by Eight Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Serotypes upon Cerebrospinal Fluid Administration in Pigs." Molecular Therapy 24, no. : S285.
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) commonly refers to blood products which contain a higher platelet (PLT) concentration as compared to normal plasma. Autologous PRP has been shown to be safe and effective in promoting the natural processes of soft tissue healing or reconstruction in humans and horses. Variability in PLT concentration has been observed in practice between PRP preparations from different patients or from the same individual under different conditions. A change in PLT concentration could modify PRP efficacy in routine applications. The aim of this study was to test the influence of environmental, individual and agonistic variables on the PLT concentration of PRP in horses. Six healthy Standardbred mares were exposed to six different variables with a one-week washout period between variables, and PRP was subsequently obtained from each horse. The variables were time of withdrawal during the day (morning/evening), hydration status (overhydration/dehydration) treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs and training periods on a treadmill. The platelet concentration was significantly higher in horses treated with a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (P = 0.03). The leukocyte concentration increased 2-9 fold with respect to whole blood in the PRP which was obtained after exposure to all the variable considered. Environmental variation in platelet concentration should be taken into consideration during PRP preparation.
Riccardo Rinnovati; Noemi Romagnoli; Fabio Gentilini; Carlotta Lambertini; Alessandro Spadari. The influence of environmental variables on platelet concentration in horse platelet-rich plasma. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 2015, 58, 45 .
AMA StyleRiccardo Rinnovati, Noemi Romagnoli, Fabio Gentilini, Carlotta Lambertini, Alessandro Spadari. The influence of environmental variables on platelet concentration in horse platelet-rich plasma. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. 2015; 58 (1):45.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRiccardo Rinnovati; Noemi Romagnoli; Fabio Gentilini; Carlotta Lambertini; Alessandro Spadari. 2015. "The influence of environmental variables on platelet concentration in horse platelet-rich plasma." Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 58, no. 1: 45.
BACKGROUND: The swine species represents a perfect model for translational medicine due to its physiological and anatomical resemblance to humans. The development of techniques for spinal catheter insertion in swine is significantly useful but, at the moment, the only technique described requires laminectomy as a surgical approach. NEW METHOD: The proposed techniques represent a transdermal approach for catheter placement in piglets. The study was divided into Phase I (anatomical study on 8 cadavers) and Phase II (in vivo application of the technique in 20 anaesthetised 30-day old piglets). A spinal needle was introduced between the L2 and L3 spinous processes with a ventro-cranial orientation until cerebro-spinal fluid leakage. It was then replaced with a Tuohy needle, used to introduce the catheter into the intrathecal space. Before inserting the catheter, the approximate length from the insertion point to the external projection of the Cisterna Magna was measured using the gradation markings on the device. RESULTS: The technique described allowed spinal catheter placement in all piglets. In Phase I, the correct placement was confirmed using fluoroscopy while, in Phase II, cerebrospinal fluid leakage from the needle was relied on. No clinical alterations were detected either during the procedure or during the following days. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD: This technique is easy and requires less skilled operators when compared to the other existing method which involves a surgical approach. Moreover, being less invasive, it potentially leads to fewer complications. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the technique can be performed safely in piglets, and provides an easier and less invasive approach for spinal catheter insertio
Carlotta Lambertini; Domenico Ventrella; Francesca Barone; Nicolina Cristina Sorrentino; Francesco Dondi; Alessandro Fraldi; Massimo Giunti; Enrico Maria Surace; Maria Laura Bacci; Noemi Romagnoli. Transdermal spinal catheter placement in piglets: Description and validation of the technique. Journal of Neuroscience Methods 2015, 255, 17 -21.
AMA StyleCarlotta Lambertini, Domenico Ventrella, Francesca Barone, Nicolina Cristina Sorrentino, Francesco Dondi, Alessandro Fraldi, Massimo Giunti, Enrico Maria Surace, Maria Laura Bacci, Noemi Romagnoli. Transdermal spinal catheter placement in piglets: Description and validation of the technique. Journal of Neuroscience Methods. 2015; 255 ():17-21.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlotta Lambertini; Domenico Ventrella; Francesca Barone; Nicolina Cristina Sorrentino; Francesco Dondi; Alessandro Fraldi; Massimo Giunti; Enrico Maria Surace; Maria Laura Bacci; Noemi Romagnoli. 2015. "Transdermal spinal catheter placement in piglets: Description and validation of the technique." Journal of Neuroscience Methods 255, no. : 17-21.
Riccardo Rinnovati; Noemi Romagnoli; Alessandro Spadari. Dose-Finding Study for Intraarticular Treatment With Stanozolol in Horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 2015, 35, 860 -864.
AMA StyleRiccardo Rinnovati, Noemi Romagnoli, Alessandro Spadari. Dose-Finding Study for Intraarticular Treatment With Stanozolol in Horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2015; 35 (10):860-864.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRiccardo Rinnovati; Noemi Romagnoli; Alessandro Spadari. 2015. "Dose-Finding Study for Intraarticular Treatment With Stanozolol in Horses." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 35, no. 10: 860-864.
Equine colic may be associated with an acute phase response (APR). Measurement of acute phase proteins (APPs) allows the detection of an APR and may help clinicians in monitoring the disease; however, the role of APPs in colic is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical usefulness of serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin and ferritin in combination with an extended clinicopathological profile in equine colic. The medical records of 54 horses were retrospectively selected. Horses were grouped based on outcome (survivors vs. non-survivors), diagnosis (ischaemic/strangulating vs. non-ischaemic/non-strangulating), and treatment (medical treatment vs. surgery). Laboratory data were compared, and a logistic regression analysis was performed for outcome prediction upon admission. A high percentage of horses had abnormal SAA (29/54), haptoglobin (20/54), and ferritin (31/54) concentrations. In particular, haptoglobin was below the reference interval in 13/54 horses. Non-survivors had significantly decreased haptoglobin and increased ferritin concentrations compared with survivors. The ischaemic/strangulating group had significantly increased creatinine and ferritin and decreased haptoglobin concentrations compared with the non-ischaemic/non-strangulating group. Creatinine was the only significant predictor of mortality in the regression analysis. In conclusion, APPs including SAA, haptoglobin, and ferritin combined with clinicopathological variables may help clinicians to understand the pathogenesis of APR and underline potential complications of equine colic. The reduction in haptoglobin concentration may suggest haemolysis or muscle fibre damage; ferritin may indicate alteration in iron metabolism and tissue damage. Further prospective studies are needed to assess diagnostic and prognostic values of APPs in colic horses.
Francesco Dondi; Robert M. Lukacs; Fabio Gentilini; Riccardo Rinnovati; Alessandro Spadari; Noemi Romagnoli. Serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, and ferritin in horses with colic: Association with common clinicopathological variables and short-term outcome. The Veterinary Journal 2015, 205, 50 -55.
AMA StyleFrancesco Dondi, Robert M. Lukacs, Fabio Gentilini, Riccardo Rinnovati, Alessandro Spadari, Noemi Romagnoli. Serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, and ferritin in horses with colic: Association with common clinicopathological variables and short-term outcome. The Veterinary Journal. 2015; 205 (1):50-55.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Dondi; Robert M. Lukacs; Fabio Gentilini; Riccardo Rinnovati; Alessandro Spadari; Noemi Romagnoli. 2015. "Serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, and ferritin in horses with colic: Association with common clinicopathological variables and short-term outcome." The Veterinary Journal 205, no. 1: 50-55.
Objectives This study aimed to assess non-invasively the cardiovascular effects of high-dose medetomidine on healthy male cats undergoing semen collection. Methods Haemodynamic evaluations were assessed on the basis of clinical examination, systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and transthoracic echocardiographic examination. Eight client owned, male domestic shorthair cats were sedated with a bolus of medetomidine intramuscularly (IM; 0.13 mg/kg), and semen collection was performed. A second transthoracic echocardiographic examination and SAP measurement were carried out 15 mins after sedation. At the end of the examination, the patients received a bolus of atipamezole (0.3 mg/kg) IM. Results The cats were deeply sedated, relaxed and laterally recumbent during the entire procedure. No rhythm abnormalities were observed during the examinations and no significant increase in SAP was recorded. Heart rate dropped from 200 ± 33 to 92 ± 13.1 beats per min after sedation. There was a significant increase in left ventricular dimensions and the left atrial area. The parameters of left ventricular systolic function were reduced, as were systemic and pulmonary cardiac outputs. Peak diastolic wave velocities were significantly reduced, while isovolumic contraction and relaxation time of the left ventricle were prolonged. Aortic valve insufficiency was recorded for all cats, while mitral valve insufficiency was noted in five cats. None of the subjects developed systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve. Conclusions and relevance The protocol allowed us to collect good semen samples in healthy cats. However, high-dose medetomidine induces significant haemodynamic effects on the feline heart, mainly due to a reduced heart rate, an increased cardiac preload and impaired systolic function. The animals recovered from the anaesthesia, after antagonist administration, without showing any clinically relevant consequences.
Noemi Romagnoli; Daniele Zambelli; Marco Cunto; Carlotta Lambertini; Domenico Ventrella; Marco Baron Toaldo. Non-invasive evaluation of the haemodynamic effects of high-dose medetomidine in healthy cats for semen collection. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 2015, 18, 337 -343.
AMA StyleNoemi Romagnoli, Daniele Zambelli, Marco Cunto, Carlotta Lambertini, Domenico Ventrella, Marco Baron Toaldo. Non-invasive evaluation of the haemodynamic effects of high-dose medetomidine in healthy cats for semen collection. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2015; 18 (4):337-343.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNoemi Romagnoli; Daniele Zambelli; Marco Cunto; Carlotta Lambertini; Domenico Ventrella; Marco Baron Toaldo. 2015. "Non-invasive evaluation of the haemodynamic effects of high-dose medetomidine in healthy cats for semen collection." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 18, no. 4: 337-343.
Eleonora Iacono; Barbara Merlo; Noemi Romagnoli; Barbara Rossi; Francesca Ricci; Alessandro Spadari. Equine Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Cytofluorimetric Characterization, In Vitro Differentiation, and Clinical Application. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 2015, 35, 130 -140.
AMA StyleEleonora Iacono, Barbara Merlo, Noemi Romagnoli, Barbara Rossi, Francesca Ricci, Alessandro Spadari. Equine Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Cytofluorimetric Characterization, In Vitro Differentiation, and Clinical Application. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2015; 35 (2):130-140.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEleonora Iacono; Barbara Merlo; Noemi Romagnoli; Barbara Rossi; Francesca Ricci; Alessandro Spadari. 2015. "Equine Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Cytofluorimetric Characterization, In Vitro Differentiation, and Clinical Application." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 35, no. 2: 130-140.
Alessandro Spadari; Riccardo Rinnovati; Simona Babbini; Noemi Romagnoli. Clinical Evaluation of Intra-articular Administration of Stanozolol to Manage Lameness Associated With Acute and Chronic Osteoarthritis in Horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 2015, 35, 105 -110.
AMA StyleAlessandro Spadari, Riccardo Rinnovati, Simona Babbini, Noemi Romagnoli. Clinical Evaluation of Intra-articular Administration of Stanozolol to Manage Lameness Associated With Acute and Chronic Osteoarthritis in Horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2015; 35 (2):105-110.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlessandro Spadari; Riccardo Rinnovati; Simona Babbini; Noemi Romagnoli. 2015. "Clinical Evaluation of Intra-articular Administration of Stanozolol to Manage Lameness Associated With Acute and Chronic Osteoarthritis in Horses." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 35, no. 2: 105-110.