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Salt accumulation in soils poses severe challenges for crop production in arid and semi-arid regions. Scarcity of rainfall and a high evaporation rate in these regions are considered major reasons for salt accumulation. It drastically reduces the leaching of excessive salts below the root zone of crops. The toxic effects of salts on plants can be greatly reduced with the use of biological and inorganic amendments. The present study was conducted to investigate the positive influence of gypsum (GP), composted cow dung (CCD) and the combined use of gypsum and composted cow dung (GP+CCD) on the growth, seed yield, and physiological and chemical attributes of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) in salty soil conditions. Saline-sodic soil was prepared using salts that include NaCl, Na2SO4, MgSO4, and CaCl2. It contained three levels of electrical conductivity (EC), i.e., 1.8, 6, and 12 dS m−1, and had a sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of 15. We noted significant deleterious effects of excessive salt stress on multiple attributes of the growth, produce, physiology, and chemical factors of sunflowers. However, treatment with GP+CCD improved all these attributes in all these conditions over the control treatment. Treatment with GP+CCD also significantly increased N, P and K contents over the control in the absence of salt stress, i.e., normal conditions. Conversely, treatment with GP+CCD caused an extreme decline in antioxidant enzyme activity (APX, GPX, CAT and SOD) and Na+/K+ ratio in seeds of up to 90, 75, and 71% over control at an EC level of 1.8, 6, and 12 dS m−1, respectively. This study suggests the combined application of gypsum and composted cow dung for better production of sunflowers in salt-affected soils, and augmented growth, yield, physiology, biochemistry and nutritional value in the sunflower seeds.
Muhammad Naveed; Muhammad Aslam; Zulfiqar Ahmad; Tasawar Abbas; Asma Al-Huqail; Manzer Siddiqui; Hayssam Ali; Irfan Ashraf; Adnan Mustafa. Growth Responses, Physiological Alterations and Alleviation of Salinity Stress in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Amended with Gypsum and Composted Cow Dung. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6792 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Naveed, Muhammad Aslam, Zulfiqar Ahmad, Tasawar Abbas, Asma Al-Huqail, Manzer Siddiqui, Hayssam Ali, Irfan Ashraf, Adnan Mustafa. Growth Responses, Physiological Alterations and Alleviation of Salinity Stress in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Amended with Gypsum and Composted Cow Dung. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (12):6792.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Naveed; Muhammad Aslam; Zulfiqar Ahmad; Tasawar Abbas; Asma Al-Huqail; Manzer Siddiqui; Hayssam Ali; Irfan Ashraf; Adnan Mustafa. 2021. "Growth Responses, Physiological Alterations and Alleviation of Salinity Stress in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Amended with Gypsum and Composted Cow Dung." Sustainability 13, no. 12: 6792.
Soil pollution with heavy metal is a serious problem across the globe and is on the rise due to the current intensification of chemical industry. The leather industry is one of them, discharging chromium (Cr) in huge quantities during the process of leather tanning and polluting the nearby land and water resources, resulting in deterioration of plant growth. In this study, the effects of biochar application at the rate of 3% were studied on four maize cultivars, namely NK-8441, P-1543, NK-8711, and FH-985, grown in two different tannery polluted Kasur (K) and Sialkot (S) soils. Maize plants were harvested at vegetative growth and results showed that Cr toxicity adversely not only affected their growth, physiology, and biochemistry, but also accumulated in their tissues. However, the level of Cr toxicity, accumulation, and its influence on maize cultivars varied greatly in both soils. In this pot experiment, biochar application played a crucial role in lessening the Cr toxicity level, resulting in significant increase in plant height, biomass (fresh and dry), leaf area, chlorophyll pigments, photosynthesis, and relative water content (RWC) over treatment set as a control. However, applied biochar significantly decreased the electrolyte leakage (EL), antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, proline content, soluble sugars, and available fraction of Cr in soil as well as Cr (VI and III) concentration in root and shoot tissues of maize plant. In addition to this, maize cultivar differences were also found in relation to their tolerance to Cr toxicity and cultivar P-1543 performed better over other cultivars in both soils. In conclusion, biochar application in tannery polluted soils could be an efficient ecofriendly approach to reduce the Cr toxicity and to promote plant health and growth.
Muhammad Bashir; Xiukang Wang; Muhammad Naveed; Adnan Mustafa; Sobia Ashraf; Tayyaba Samreen; Sajid Nadeem; Moazzam Jamil. Biochar Mediated-Alleviation of Chromium Stress and Growth Improvement of Different Maize Cultivars in Tannery Polluted Soils. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 4461 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Bashir, Xiukang Wang, Muhammad Naveed, Adnan Mustafa, Sobia Ashraf, Tayyaba Samreen, Sajid Nadeem, Moazzam Jamil. Biochar Mediated-Alleviation of Chromium Stress and Growth Improvement of Different Maize Cultivars in Tannery Polluted Soils. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (9):4461.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Bashir; Xiukang Wang; Muhammad Naveed; Adnan Mustafa; Sobia Ashraf; Tayyaba Samreen; Sajid Nadeem; Moazzam Jamil. 2021. "Biochar Mediated-Alleviation of Chromium Stress and Growth Improvement of Different Maize Cultivars in Tannery Polluted Soils." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9: 4461.
Wheat is one of the leading staple crops in many countries. Phosphorus (P) plays an important role for wheat growth and yield as it takes part in many metabolic pathways. Even for soluble phosphatic fertilizers, most of the Pakistani soils, being alkaline and calcareous in nature, show phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) not more than 10–25%. The major issue is the unavailability of P due to fixation and precipitation reactions with soil particles. Composting of rock-phosphate with animal and poultry manures supplied with bio-stimulated phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) not only enhances the RP solubilization but also serves as a potent source of P for plants. Composted/bio-activated rock-phosphate (B-RP), prepared by group of three bacterial strains i.e., Pseudomonas sp. (E11), Bacillus sp. (MN54) and Enterobacter sp. (MN17) aided with molasses (5%) and urea (10%), was tested alone and in various combinations with di-ammonium phosphate (DAP). In this pot trial, the combined application of B-RP and DAP was found superior to the sole application of B-RP. Even the combination of B-RP and DAP sharing equal amount of recommended P showed better results as compared to the sole application of DAP, giving improved shoot biomass (25%), total P-uptake (67%), recovery efficiency of P (75%), dry matter (29%), crude protein (29%), and other yield, physiological and nutritional quality parameters of wheat. So, it could be concluded that integrated use of B-RP and DAP with equal proportion of recommended P could serve as a better management practice for not only improving quantity but also the quality of the wheat grain.
Muhammad Arfan-Ul-Haq; Muhammad Yaseen; Muhammad Naveed; Adnan Mustafa; Sulman Siddique; Saud Alamri; Manzer Siddiqui; Abdullah Al-Amri; Qasi D. Alsubaie; Hayssam Ali. Deciphering the Potential of Bioactivated Rock Phosphate and Di-Ammonium Phosphate on Agronomic Performance, Nutritional Quality and Productivity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Agronomy 2021, 11, 684 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Arfan-Ul-Haq, Muhammad Yaseen, Muhammad Naveed, Adnan Mustafa, Sulman Siddique, Saud Alamri, Manzer Siddiqui, Abdullah Al-Amri, Qasi D. Alsubaie, Hayssam Ali. Deciphering the Potential of Bioactivated Rock Phosphate and Di-Ammonium Phosphate on Agronomic Performance, Nutritional Quality and Productivity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Agronomy. 2021; 11 (4):684.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Arfan-Ul-Haq; Muhammad Yaseen; Muhammad Naveed; Adnan Mustafa; Sulman Siddique; Saud Alamri; Manzer Siddiqui; Abdullah Al-Amri; Qasi D. Alsubaie; Hayssam Ali. 2021. "Deciphering the Potential of Bioactivated Rock Phosphate and Di-Ammonium Phosphate on Agronomic Performance, Nutritional Quality and Productivity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)." Agronomy 11, no. 4: 684.
Plant growth regulators and Rhizobium are actively involved in the regulation of flowering, pod formation, nodulation, and ultimately the growth and yield of legumes. However, very limited information is available on the combined effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) and Rhizobium on growth attributes and yield of legume crops. This experiment was designed to fill this gap by studying the performance of chickpea under exogenous application of GA3 (10−4 and 10−5 M) alone and in combination with Rhizobium. Exogenous application of GA3 (10−5 M) combined with rhizobium inoculation gave the highest values for number of nodules per plant (16) and their dry biomass (0.22 g). Moreover, GA3 application and seed inoculation with Rhizobium, when applied singly, significantly enhanced chickpea growth. However, the most promising results were obtained by the inoculation of Rhizobium accompanied with GA3 (10−5 M). Plant height, grain and stover yield, and chlorophyll contents were enhanced up to 35%, 39%, 21%, and 51%, respectively. Likewise, the bioaccumulation of macronutrients (N, P and K) was maximum in plants receiving both Rhizobium inoculation and GA3 application. It is concluded that the combined application of Rhizobium and GA3 has synergistic effects on the growth, yield, and nutrient contents of chickpea.
Munazza Rafique; Muhammad Naveed; Adnan Mustafa; Saleem Akhtar; Muneeb Munawar; Sadia Kaukab; Hayssam M. Ali; Manzer H. Siddiqui; Mohamed Z. M. Salem. The Combined Effects of Gibberellic Acid and Rhizobium on Growth, Yield and Nutritional Status in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Agronomy 2021, 11, 105 .
AMA StyleMunazza Rafique, Muhammad Naveed, Adnan Mustafa, Saleem Akhtar, Muneeb Munawar, Sadia Kaukab, Hayssam M. Ali, Manzer H. Siddiqui, Mohamed Z. M. Salem. The Combined Effects of Gibberellic Acid and Rhizobium on Growth, Yield and Nutritional Status in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Agronomy. 2021; 11 (1):105.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMunazza Rafique; Muhammad Naveed; Adnan Mustafa; Saleem Akhtar; Muneeb Munawar; Sadia Kaukab; Hayssam M. Ali; Manzer H. Siddiqui; Mohamed Z. M. Salem. 2021. "The Combined Effects of Gibberellic Acid and Rhizobium on Growth, Yield and Nutritional Status in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)." Agronomy 11, no. 1: 105.
Petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) contamination of soil is a widespread global environmental concern due to the persistence and recalcitrant nature of PHCs. The PHCs are highly toxic and their removal from the terrestrial ecosystem is necessary to maintain soil as well as human health. Here, a pot experiment was performed to examine the impact of Enterobacter sp. MN17 and biochar addition on the growth of mungbean plants and PHCs removal from diesel-polluted soil. For this purpose, soil was contaminated artificially with diesel to achieve a final concentration of 5000 mg kg−1. Untreated and Enterobacter sp. MN17 treated mungbean seeds were sown in pots. Sugarcane bagasse biochar was applied as an amendment in respective pots along with the recommended levels of essential nutrients. Results showed that PHCs significantly suppressed the seedling emergence as well as agronomic and physiological attributes of mungbean as compared to un-contaminated controls. However, the co-application of Enterobacter sp. MN17 and biochar significantly reduced the phytotoxicity of PHCs to mungbean plants and effectively increased the seedling emergence, shoot and root length, shoot fresh and dry biomass, root fresh and dry biomass of plants up to 24%, 54%, 52%, 52%, 54%, 55% and 60%, respectively as compared to controls. Similarly, 30%, 57%, 64%, 36% and 57% increase in chlorophylls contents, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, sub-stomatal conductance, and photosynthetic rate, respectively were observed in their combined application as compared to respective controls. Furthermore, the co-addition of biochar and Enterobacter sp. MN17 could remove 69% and 85% higher PHCs from unplanted and planted pots, respectively, than that of their respective controls. Our results suggest that the co-application of biochar and Enterobacter sp. MN17 may be useful in enhancing plant growth and eliminating PHCs from contaminated soil.
Muhammad Hayder Ali; Muhammad Tayyab Sattar; Muhammad Imran Khan; Muhammad Naveed; Munazza Rafique; Saud Alamri; Manzer H. Siddiqui. Enhanced Growth of Mungbean and Remediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Enterobacter sp. MN17 and Biochar Addition in Diesel Contaminated Soil. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 8548 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Hayder Ali, Muhammad Tayyab Sattar, Muhammad Imran Khan, Muhammad Naveed, Munazza Rafique, Saud Alamri, Manzer H. Siddiqui. Enhanced Growth of Mungbean and Remediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Enterobacter sp. MN17 and Biochar Addition in Diesel Contaminated Soil. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (23):8548.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Hayder Ali; Muhammad Tayyab Sattar; Muhammad Imran Khan; Muhammad Naveed; Munazza Rafique; Saud Alamri; Manzer H. Siddiqui. 2020. "Enhanced Growth of Mungbean and Remediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Enterobacter sp. MN17 and Biochar Addition in Diesel Contaminated Soil." Applied Sciences 10, no. 23: 8548.
Nickel (Ni) bioavailable fraction in the soil is of utmost importance because of its involvement in plant growth and environmental feedbacks. High concentrations of Ni in the soil environment, especially in the root zone, may retard plant growth that ultimately results in reduced plant biomass and yield. However, endophytic microorganisms have great potential to reduce the toxicity of Ni, especially when applied together with zeolite. The present research work was conducted to evaluate the potential effects of an endophytic bacterium Caulobacter sp. MN13 in combination with zeolite on the physiology, growth, quality, and yield of sesame plant under normal and Ni stressed soil conditions through possible reduction of Ni uptake. Surface sterilized sesame seeds were sown in pots filled with artificially Ni contaminated soil amended with zeolite. Results revealed that plant agronomic attributes such as shoot root dry weight, total number of pods, and 1000-grains weight were increased by 41, 45, 54, and 65%, respectively, over control treatment, with combined application of bacteria and zeolite in Ni contaminated soil. In comparison to control, the gaseous exchange parameters (CO2 assimilation rate, transpiration rate, stomatal- sub-stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, and vapor pressure) were significantly enhanced by co-application of bacteria and zeolite ranging from 20 to 49% under Ni stress. Moreover, the combined utilization of bacteria and zeolite considerably improved water relations of sesame plant, in terms of relative water content (RWC) and relative membrane permeability (RMP) along with improvement in biochemical components (protein, ash, crude fiber, fat), and micronutrients in normal as well as in Ni contaminated soil. Moreover, the same treatment modulated the Ni-stress in plants through improvement in antioxidant enzymes (AEs) activities along with improved Ni concentration in the soil and different plant tissues. Correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) further revealed that combined application of metal-tolerant bacterium Caulobacter sp. MN13 and zeolite is the most influential strategy in alleviating Ni-induced stress and subsequent improvement in growth, yield, and physio-biochemical attributes of sesame plant.
Muhammad Naveed; Syeda Sosan Bukhari; Adnan Mustafa; Allah Ditta; Saud Alamri; Mohamed A. El-Esawi; Munazza Rafique; Sobia Ashraf; Manzer H. Siddiqui. Mitigation of Nickel Toxicity and Growth Promotion in Sesame through the Application of a Bacterial Endophyte and Zeolite in Nickel Contaminated Soil. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 8859 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Naveed, Syeda Sosan Bukhari, Adnan Mustafa, Allah Ditta, Saud Alamri, Mohamed A. El-Esawi, Munazza Rafique, Sobia Ashraf, Manzer H. Siddiqui. Mitigation of Nickel Toxicity and Growth Promotion in Sesame through the Application of a Bacterial Endophyte and Zeolite in Nickel Contaminated Soil. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (23):8859.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Naveed; Syeda Sosan Bukhari; Adnan Mustafa; Allah Ditta; Saud Alamri; Mohamed A. El-Esawi; Munazza Rafique; Sobia Ashraf; Manzer H. Siddiqui. 2020. "Mitigation of Nickel Toxicity and Growth Promotion in Sesame through the Application of a Bacterial Endophyte and Zeolite in Nickel Contaminated Soil." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23: 8859.
There is no alternative to phosphorus (P) in agriculture as it is second most important plant nutrient after nitrogen. Mineral P fertilizers are derived from rock phosphate (RP) which is finite, non-renewable and geographically restricted to a few countries, thus its shortage likely affects agriculture in near future as the world population is growing at a greater pace. This could increase P inputs in agriculture in order to meet rising food demands which may result in the depletion of RP reserves. Furthermore, P losses from farmlands in case of mineral P fertilizers also demands the sustainable use of P not only because of its finite resources but also the environmental concerns associated with P fertilization such as eutrophication. The present study was designed to formulate biochar-based P fertilizer that would help in the sustainable use of P fertilizer. Biochar(s) were prepared using wheat straw at 350–400 °C pyrolytic temperature followed by enrichment with Di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) taking into account all possible combination of DAP to biochar on the w/w basis (0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0). Enrichment was carried out using two different methods i.e., phosphorus enriched biochar (PEB1) by hot method and cold method (PEB2). An incubation experiment was performed to assess the impact of each biochar on selected properties of soil. The treatments were organized in factorial arrangement under complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Both the amendments were applied at rate of 1% of dry soil on a w/w basis. A significant increase in soil extractable P and total nitrogen (N) was recorded for the ratio 50:50 as compared to control as well of rest of treatments. Similarly, high organic contents were found for both PEB1 and PEB2 at the ratio 50:50. An incubation experiment was followed by pot trial using 50:50 for both PEB1 and PEB2 and split doses of recommended P were applied (0%, 25%, 50% and 100%) with a control under CRD with three replications using chickpea as test crop. Both PEB1 and PEB2 with 50% P have significantly improved crop growth, yield, nodulation, and plant physiological and chemical parameters as compared to a recommended dose of P alone. The result may imply that the integration of P-enriched biochar and chemical fertilizer could be an effective approach to improve chickpea production and soil properties.
Farman Wali; Muhammad Naveed; Muhammad Bashir; Muhammad Asif; Zulfiqar Ahmad; Jawaher Alkahtani; Mona Alwahibi; Mohamed Elshikh. Formulation of Biochar-Based Phosphorus Fertilizer and Its Impact on Both Soil Properties and Chickpea Growth Performance. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9528 .
AMA StyleFarman Wali, Muhammad Naveed, Muhammad Bashir, Muhammad Asif, Zulfiqar Ahmad, Jawaher Alkahtani, Mona Alwahibi, Mohamed Elshikh. Formulation of Biochar-Based Phosphorus Fertilizer and Its Impact on Both Soil Properties and Chickpea Growth Performance. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9528.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFarman Wali; Muhammad Naveed; Muhammad Bashir; Muhammad Asif; Zulfiqar Ahmad; Jawaher Alkahtani; Mona Alwahibi; Mohamed Elshikh. 2020. "Formulation of Biochar-Based Phosphorus Fertilizer and Its Impact on Both Soil Properties and Chickpea Growth Performance." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9528.
In the present study, we investigated the impact of different combinations of wheat straw biochar, compost and biogas slurry on maize growth, physiology, and nutritional status in less productive soils. The experiment was performed as a completely randomized block design in a greenhouse pot experiment. The compost and biogas slurry were applied with and without biochar. The results revealed that a combination of biochar, compost, and biogas slurry enhanced the cation exchange capacity (31%), carbon (83%), phosphorus (67%) and potassium (81%) contents in the soil. Likewise, a significant increase in soil microbial biomass carbon (15%) and nitrogen (37%) was noticed with the combined use of all organic amendments. Moreover, the combined application of biochar, compost and biogas slurry enhanced soil urease and β-glucosidase activity up to 96% and 67% over control respectively. In addition, plant height, chlorophyll content, water use efficiency and 1000-grain weight were also enhanced up to 54%, 90%, 53% and 21% respectively, with the combined use of all amendments. Here, biochar addition helped to reduce the nutrient losses of compost and biogas slurry as well. It is concluded that biochar application in combination with compost and biogas slurry could be a more sustainable, environment-friendly and cost-effective approach, particularly for less fertile soils.
Aown Abbas; Muhammad Naveed; Muhammad Azeem; Muhammad Yaseen; Rehmat Ullah; Saud Alamri; Qurrat Ul Ain Farooq; Manzer H. Siddiqui. Efficiency of Wheat Straw Biochar in Combination with Compost and Biogas Slurry for Enhancing Nutritional Status and Productivity of Soil and Plant. Plants 2020, 9, 1516 .
AMA StyleAown Abbas, Muhammad Naveed, Muhammad Azeem, Muhammad Yaseen, Rehmat Ullah, Saud Alamri, Qurrat Ul Ain Farooq, Manzer H. Siddiqui. Efficiency of Wheat Straw Biochar in Combination with Compost and Biogas Slurry for Enhancing Nutritional Status and Productivity of Soil and Plant. Plants. 2020; 9 (11):1516.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAown Abbas; Muhammad Naveed; Muhammad Azeem; Muhammad Yaseen; Rehmat Ullah; Saud Alamri; Qurrat Ul Ain Farooq; Manzer H. Siddiqui. 2020. "Efficiency of Wheat Straw Biochar in Combination with Compost and Biogas Slurry for Enhancing Nutritional Status and Productivity of Soil and Plant." Plants 9, no. 11: 1516.
The present study evaluated the performance of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris in an Enterobacter sp. MN17-assisted textile industry wastewater treatment system for decolorization, removal of heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Pb, and Cd), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Different dilutions (5, 10, and 20%) of wastewater were prepared to decrease the pollutant toxicity for culturing microalgae and bacteria. Reduction of color, COD, and metal contents by microalgal treatment of wastewater varied greatly, while removal efficiency (RE) was significantly enhanced when endophytic bacterial strain MN17 inoculum was applied. Most notable, results were found at a 5% dilution level by Enterobacter sp. MN17-inoculated C. vulgaris medium, as chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) concentrations were decreased from 1.32 to 0.27 mg L−1 (79% decrease), 0.79–0.14 mg L−1 (93% decrease), 1.33–0.36 mg L−1 (72% decrease), and 1.2–0.25 mg L−1 (79% decrease), respectively. The values of COD and color were also significantly decreased by 74% and 70%, respectively, by a C. vulgaris–Enterobacter sp. MN17 consortium. The present investigation revealed that bacterial inoculation of microalgae significantly enhanced the removal of coloring agents and heavy metals from textile wastewater by stimulating the growth of algal biomass. This study manifested the usefulness of microalgae–bacterial mutualism for the remediation of heavy metals, COD, and color in industrial effluents. Microalgae consortia with growth promoting bacteria could be a breakthrough for better bioremediation and bioprocess economy. Thus, further studies are needed for successful integration of microalgae–plant growth promoting bacterial (PGPB) consortium for wastewater treatments.
Muhammad Mubashar; Muhammad Naveed; Adnan Mustafa; Sobia Ashraf; Khurram Shehzad Baig; Saud Alamri; Manzer Siddiqui; Magdalena Zabochnicka-Świątek; Michał Szota; Hazem Kalaji. Experimental Investigation of Chlorella vulgaris and Enterobacter sp. MN17 for Decolorization and Removal of Heavy Metals from Textile Wastewater. Water 2020, 12, 3034 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Mubashar, Muhammad Naveed, Adnan Mustafa, Sobia Ashraf, Khurram Shehzad Baig, Saud Alamri, Manzer Siddiqui, Magdalena Zabochnicka-Świątek, Michał Szota, Hazem Kalaji. Experimental Investigation of Chlorella vulgaris and Enterobacter sp. MN17 for Decolorization and Removal of Heavy Metals from Textile Wastewater. Water. 2020; 12 (11):3034.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Mubashar; Muhammad Naveed; Adnan Mustafa; Sobia Ashraf; Khurram Shehzad Baig; Saud Alamri; Manzer Siddiqui; Magdalena Zabochnicka-Świątek; Michał Szota; Hazem Kalaji. 2020. "Experimental Investigation of Chlorella vulgaris and Enterobacter sp. MN17 for Decolorization and Removal of Heavy Metals from Textile Wastewater." Water 12, no. 11: 3034.
Application of allelopathic bacteria (AB) for weed suppression may be helpful to solve various environmental challenges posed by conventional weed control techniques. In our earlier studies, around 400 strains of rhizobacteria of five weeds and wheat were isolated, screened for production of phytotoxic substances, and tested for phytotoxic activity on wild oat and little seed canary grass, and possible effects on wheat under laboratory conditions. We obtained 13 strains inhibitory to wild oat (Avena fatua L.) and 11 to little seed canary grass (Phalaris minor Retz.). Five of these (13 and 11) strains also suppressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) while others either stimulated or remained ineffective on wheat in separate bioassays. The success of any weed biocontrol technique, however, depends on its response under field conditions. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate biological weed control of the five most efficient strains of AB under natural conditions in pot and field trials. Wheat was artificially invaded with wild oat in the pot trial through seeding. Wheat of the field trial was artificially invaded with wild oat and little seed canary through seeding. The selected strains belonged to pseudomonads (Pseudomonas putida, P. fluorescence, P. aeruginosa, and P. alcaligenes) and their inocula were prepared using sterilized peat. The inoculated seeds of wild oat and wheat were sown together in a pot trial. The inoculated seeds of wild oat, little seed canary grass, and wheat were sown together in the field experiment. The field was selected based on chronic infestation of these weeds. However, weed invasion was ensured by adding seeds of weeds (inoculated with the respective strains of AB, according to treatment plan). A severe invasion of wild oat was observed in the pot trial, which reduced the grain yield of infested wheat up to 60.8%. The effectiveness of applied strains controlled 22.0–76.3% loss of grain yield of infested wheat. Weed invasion in the field trial reduced the grain yield of the crop up to 56.3% and effectiveness of the applied strains controlled 29.0–60.7% loss of grain yield of infested wheat. The study of other agronomic, physiological, and chemical parameters of the crop and weeds supported these findings. Harnessing the potential of these strains exhibited in our studies may be helpful to introduce an innovative, sustainable, and eco-friendly weed control technique for production of wheat.
Tasawar Abbas; Zahir Zahir; Muhammad Naveed; Mona Alwahibi; Mohamed Soliman Elshikh; Mohamed El-Esawi. Field Performance of Allelopathic Bacteria for Biological Weed Control in Wheat: Innovative, Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Approach for Enhanced Crop Production. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8936 .
AMA StyleTasawar Abbas, Zahir Zahir, Muhammad Naveed, Mona Alwahibi, Mohamed Soliman Elshikh, Mohamed El-Esawi. Field Performance of Allelopathic Bacteria for Biological Weed Control in Wheat: Innovative, Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Approach for Enhanced Crop Production. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):8936.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTasawar Abbas; Zahir Zahir; Muhammad Naveed; Mona Alwahibi; Mohamed Soliman Elshikh; Mohamed El-Esawi. 2020. "Field Performance of Allelopathic Bacteria for Biological Weed Control in Wheat: Innovative, Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Approach for Enhanced Crop Production." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 8936.
Zinc (Zn) availability is limited in salt-affected soils due to high soil pH and calcium concentrations causing Zn fixation. The application of synthetic Zn fertilizer is usually discouraged due to the high cost and low Zn use efficiency. However, salt-tolerant Zn-solubilizing bacteria (ZSB) are capable of solubilizing fixed fractions of Zn and improving fertilizer use efficiency. In the current study, a product was formulated by coating urea with bioaugmented zinc oxide (ZnO) to improve wheat productivity under a saline environment. The promising ZSB strain Bacillus sp. AZ6 was used for bioaugmentation on ZnO powder and termed as Bacillus sp. AZ6-augmented ZnO (BAZ). The experiment was conducted in pots by applying urea granules after coating with BAZ, to evaluate its effects on wheat physiology, antioxidant activity, and productivity under saline (100 mM NaCl) and non-saline (0 mM NaCl) conditions. The results revealed that the application of BAZ-coated urea alleviated salt stress through improving the seed germination, plant height, root length, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value, number of tillers and grains, spike length, spike weight, 1000-grain weight, antioxidant activity (APX, GPX, GST, GR, CAT, and SOD), and NPK contents in the straw and grains of the wheat plants. Moreover, it also enhanced the Zn contents in the shoots and grains of wheat by up to 29.1 and 16.5%, respectively, over absolute control, under saline conditions. The relationships and variation among all the studied morpho-physio and biochemical attributes of wheat were also studied by principal component (PC) and correlation analysis. Hence, the application of such potential products may enhance nutrient availability and Zn uptake in wheat under salt stress. Therefore, the current study suggests the application of BAZ-coated urea for enhancing wheat’s physiology, antioxidant system, nutrient efficiency, and productivity effectively and economically.
Noor Ul Ain; Muhammad Naveed; Azhar Hussain; Muhammad Zahid Mumtaz; Munazza Rafique; Muhammad Asaad Bashir; Saud Alamri; Manzer H. Siddiqui. Impact of Coating of Urea with Bacillus-Augmented Zinc Oxide on Wheat Grown under Salinity Stress. Plants 2020, 9, 1375 .
AMA StyleNoor Ul Ain, Muhammad Naveed, Azhar Hussain, Muhammad Zahid Mumtaz, Munazza Rafique, Muhammad Asaad Bashir, Saud Alamri, Manzer H. Siddiqui. Impact of Coating of Urea with Bacillus-Augmented Zinc Oxide on Wheat Grown under Salinity Stress. Plants. 2020; 9 (10):1375.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNoor Ul Ain; Muhammad Naveed; Azhar Hussain; Muhammad Zahid Mumtaz; Munazza Rafique; Muhammad Asaad Bashir; Saud Alamri; Manzer H. Siddiqui. 2020. "Impact of Coating of Urea with Bacillus-Augmented Zinc Oxide on Wheat Grown under Salinity Stress." Plants 9, no. 10: 1375.
Conventional weed control practices have generated serious issues related to the environment and human health. Therefore, there is a demand for the development of alternative techniques for sustainable agriculture. The present study performed a large-scale screening of allelopathic bacteria from the rhizosphere of weeds and wheat to obtain biological weed control inoculants in the cultivation of wheat. Initially, around 400 strains of rhizobacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of weeds as well as wheat that grows in areas of chronic weed invasions. A series of the screen was performed on these strains, including the release of phytotoxic metabolites, growth inhibition of sensitive Escherichia coli, growth inhibition of indicator plant of lettuce, agar bioassays on five weeds, and agar bioassay on wheat. Firstly, 22.6% (89 strains) of the total strains were cyanogenic, and among the cyanogenic strains, 21.3% (19 strains) were inhibitory to the growth of sensitive E. coli. Then, these 19 strains were tested using lettuce seedling bioassay to show that eight strains suppressed, nine strains promoted, and two strains remained ineffective on the growth. These 19 strains were further applied to weeds and wheat on agar bioassays. The results indicated that dry matter of broad-leaved dock, wild oat, little seed canary grass, and common lambs’ quarter were reduced by eight strains (23.1–68.1%), seven strains (38.5–80.2%), eight strains (16.5–69.4%), and three strains (27.5–50.0%), respectively. Five strains suppressed the growth of wheat, nine strains increased its dry matter (12.8–47.9%), and five remained ineffective. Altogether, the strains that selectively inhibit weeds, while retaining normal growth of wheat, can offer good opportunities for the development of biological weed control in the cultivation of wheat.
Tasawar Abbas; Zahir Ahmad Zahir; Muhammad Naveed; Sana Abbas; Mona S. Alwahibi; Mohamed Soliman Elshikh; Adnan Mustafa. Large Scale Screening of Rhizospheric Allelopathic Bacteria and Their Potential for the Biocontrol of Wheat-Associated Weeds. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1469 .
AMA StyleTasawar Abbas, Zahir Ahmad Zahir, Muhammad Naveed, Sana Abbas, Mona S. Alwahibi, Mohamed Soliman Elshikh, Adnan Mustafa. Large Scale Screening of Rhizospheric Allelopathic Bacteria and Their Potential for the Biocontrol of Wheat-Associated Weeds. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (10):1469.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTasawar Abbas; Zahir Ahmad Zahir; Muhammad Naveed; Sana Abbas; Mona S. Alwahibi; Mohamed Soliman Elshikh; Adnan Mustafa. 2020. "Large Scale Screening of Rhizospheric Allelopathic Bacteria and Their Potential for the Biocontrol of Wheat-Associated Weeds." Agronomy 10, no. 10: 1469.
Low bioavailability of phosphorus (P) in alkaline/calcareous soils leads to low yields due to its precipitation/fixation with calcium (Ca). An effective method to enhance phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) and its availability to plants is the application of alginate bioaugmented coated di-ammonium phosphate (DAP). In this study, the pre-isolated P solubilizing Paraburkholderia phytofirmans (PsJN) coated with different concentrations of polymer (alginate) on DAP with and without carbon source was tested in incubation, pot, and field experiments to investigate microbial survival, Olsen P release, and its availability to plants. Results indicated that the maximum recovery of PsJN loaded on alginate at 30 days incubation with and without carbon source was 199 × 1010 and 82 × 106 CFU mL−1 respectively. Application of alginate bioaugmented DAP released 962 mg kg−1 Olsen P after 60 days of incubation compared to 280 and 370 mg kg−1 Olsen P released by uncoated and simple alginate coated DAP, respectively. Results from pot trial revealed that application of 100% alginate bioaugmented DAP increased 26% plant height, 31% photosynthetic rate, 55% grain yield, and 6 × 105 CFU g−1 root bacterial population, compared to uncoated DAP. Field trial results indicated that 22% grain yield, 14% straw yield, and 44% agronomy P efficiency were increased by applying 100% alginate bioaugmented DAP compared to uncoated DAP. This new approach resulted in controlled release of P from coated DAP that not only reduced phosphorus fixation but also enhanced the bioavailability of P to plants.
Muhammad Zahir Aziz; Muhammad Yaseen; Muhammad Naveed; Xiukang Wang; Kaniz Fatima; Qudsia Saeed; Adnan Mustafa. Polymer-Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN Coated Diammonium Phosphate Enhanced Microbial Survival, Phosphorous Use Efficiency, and Production of Wheat. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1344 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Zahir Aziz, Muhammad Yaseen, Muhammad Naveed, Xiukang Wang, Kaniz Fatima, Qudsia Saeed, Adnan Mustafa. Polymer-Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN Coated Diammonium Phosphate Enhanced Microbial Survival, Phosphorous Use Efficiency, and Production of Wheat. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (9):1344.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Zahir Aziz; Muhammad Yaseen; Muhammad Naveed; Xiukang Wang; Kaniz Fatima; Qudsia Saeed; Adnan Mustafa. 2020. "Polymer-Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN Coated Diammonium Phosphate Enhanced Microbial Survival, Phosphorous Use Efficiency, and Production of Wheat." Agronomy 10, no. 9: 1344.
One of the major challenges in agriculture is to ensure sufficient and healthy food availability for the increasing world population in near future. This requires maintaining sustainable cultivation of crop plants under varying environmental stresses. Among these stresses, salinity is the second most abundant threat worldwide after drought. One of the promising strategies to mitigate salinity stress is to cultivate halotolerant crops such as quinoa. Under high salinity, performance can be improved by plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). Among PGPB, endophytic bacteria are considered better in stimulating plant growth compared to rhizosphere bacteria because of their ability to colonize both in plant rhizosphere and plant interior. Therefore, in the current study, a pot experiment was conducted in a controlled greenhouse to investigate the effects of endophytic bacteria i.e., Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN on improving growth, physiology and yield of quinoa under salinity stress. At six leaves stage, plants were irrigated with saline water having either 0 (control) or 400 mM NaCl. The results indicated that plants inoculated with PsJN mitigated the negative effects of salinity on quinoa resulting in increased shoot biomass, grain weight and grain yield by 12%, 18% and 41% respectively, over un-inoculated control. Moreover, inoculation with PsJN improved osmotic adjustment and ion homeostasis ability. In addition, leaves were also characterized for five key reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzyme in response to PsJN treatment. This showed higher activity of catalase (CAT) and dehydroascobate reductase (DHAR) in PsJN-treated plants. These findings suggest that inoculation of quinoa seeds with Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN could be used for stimulating growth and yield of quinoa in highly salt-affected soils.
Aizheng Yang; Saqib Saleem Akhtar; Qiang Fu; Muhammad Naveed; Shahid Iqbal; Thomas Roitsch; Sven-Erik Jacobsen. Burkholderia Phytofirmans PsJN Stimulate Growth and Yield of Quinoa under Salinity Stress. Plants 2020, 9, 672 .
AMA StyleAizheng Yang, Saqib Saleem Akhtar, Qiang Fu, Muhammad Naveed, Shahid Iqbal, Thomas Roitsch, Sven-Erik Jacobsen. Burkholderia Phytofirmans PsJN Stimulate Growth and Yield of Quinoa under Salinity Stress. Plants. 2020; 9 (6):672.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAizheng Yang; Saqib Saleem Akhtar; Qiang Fu; Muhammad Naveed; Shahid Iqbal; Thomas Roitsch; Sven-Erik Jacobsen. 2020. "Burkholderia Phytofirmans PsJN Stimulate Growth and Yield of Quinoa under Salinity Stress." Plants 9, no. 6: 672.
Aquatic pollution caused by industrial effluents is an environmental issue, imposing deleterious impacts on the overall environment, specifically, on humans, by disrupting the balance of the ecosystem. Among all the industries, tanneries are considered some of the most polluting due to heavy use of toxic organic and inorganic compounds during leather processing, most of which find their way into rivers, lakes, and streams, thus exerting adverse effects on aquatic life, particularly on fish. Considering the huge concentrations of pollutants present in tannery effluents, toxicity evaluation is of prime importance. Therefore, bioassays are usually employed to assess the acute toxicity of industrial effluents and efficiency of effluent clean-up technologies as they provide a thorough response of test species to the substances present in the tested media. In the present study, the toxic effects of tannery effluent on common grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) were studied for 96 h in laboratory conditions. The effluent was added at different concentrations, before and after treatment by constructed wetlands (CWs). During this period, mortality data was collected to calculate the 96 h-LC50 (lethal concentration inducing 50% mortality) and acute toxicity of C. idella. In addition to this, observations on change in morphological, physiological, and behavioural patterns were also made every 24 h. The present toxicity assay revealed that the raw tannery effluent changed the morphology, physiology, and behavioural response of fish. Moreover, fish exposure to raw/untreated effluent caused high acute toxicity and 100% mortality, due to the presence of high concentrations of salts and chromium (Cr) metal. While treatment of tannery effluent by CWs vegetated with different plants (B. mutica, L. fusca, and T. domingensis) significantly reduced its toxicity and fish mortality as well, and inoculation of salt and Cr-tolerant endophytic bacteria (Enterobacter sp. HU38, Microbacterium arborescens HU33, and Pantoea stewartii ASI11) further reduced (up to 90%) its toxicity level. Hence, the use of CWs for tannery effluent treatment can be recommended to favour public health and promote the overall safety of the environment.
Sobia Ashraf; Muhammad Naveed; Muhammad Afzal; Sana Ashraf; Sajid Rashid Ahmad; Khadeeja Rehman; Zahir Ahmad Zahir; Avelino Núñez-Delgado. Evaluation of Toxicity on Ctenopharyngodon idella Due to Tannery Effluent Remediated by Constructed Wetland Technology. Processes 2020, 8, 612 .
AMA StyleSobia Ashraf, Muhammad Naveed, Muhammad Afzal, Sana Ashraf, Sajid Rashid Ahmad, Khadeeja Rehman, Zahir Ahmad Zahir, Avelino Núñez-Delgado. Evaluation of Toxicity on Ctenopharyngodon idella Due to Tannery Effluent Remediated by Constructed Wetland Technology. Processes. 2020; 8 (5):612.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSobia Ashraf; Muhammad Naveed; Muhammad Afzal; Sana Ashraf; Sajid Rashid Ahmad; Khadeeja Rehman; Zahir Ahmad Zahir; Avelino Núñez-Delgado. 2020. "Evaluation of Toxicity on Ctenopharyngodon idella Due to Tannery Effluent Remediated by Constructed Wetland Technology." Processes 8, no. 5: 612.
Contamination of soils with heavy metals, particularly cadmium (Cd), is an increasingly alarming environmental issue around the world. Application of organic and inorganic immobilizing amendments such as biochar and gravel sand in combination with metal-tolerant microbes has the potential to minimize the bioavailability of Cd to plants. The present study was designed to identify the possible additive effects of the application of Enterobacter sp. MN17 as well as biochar and gravel sand on the reduction of Cd stress in plants and improvement of growth and nutritional quality of pea (Pisum sativum) plants through the reduction of Cd uptake. Pea seeds were surface sterilized then non-inoculated seeds and seeds inoculated with Enterobacter sp. MN17 were planted in artificially Cd-polluted soil, amended with the immobilizing agents biochar and gravel sand. Application of biochar and gravel sand alone and in combination not only improved the growth and nutritional quality of pea plants by in situ immobilization but also reduced the uptake of Cd by plant roots and its transport to shoots. However, microbial inoculation further enhanced the overall plant health as well as alleviated the toxic effects of Cd on the pea plants. These soil treatments also improved rates of photosynthesis and transpiration. The combined use of biochar and gravel sand with bacterial inoculation resulted in an increase in plant height (47%), shoot dry weight (42%), root dry weight (57%), and 100 seeds weight (49%) as compared to control plants in Cd contaminated soil. Likewise, biochemical constituents of pea seeds (protein, fat, fiber, and ash) were significantly increased up to 41%, 74%, 32%, and 72%, respectively, with the combined use of these immobilizing agents and bacterium. Overall, this study demonstrated that the combined application of biochar and gravel sand, particularly in combination with Enterobacter sp. MN17, could be an efficient strategy for the remediation of Cd contaminated soil. It could support better growth and nutritional quality of pea plants.
Muhammad Naveed; Adnan Mustafa; Samar Majeed; Zainab Naseem; Qudsia Saeed; Abdulhameed Khan; Ahmad Nawaz; Khurram Shehzad Baig; Jen-Tsung Chen. Enhancing Cadmium Tolerance and Pea Plant Health through Enterobacter sp. MN17 Inoculation Together with Biochar and Gravel Sand. Plants 2020, 9, 530 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Naveed, Adnan Mustafa, Samar Majeed, Zainab Naseem, Qudsia Saeed, Abdulhameed Khan, Ahmad Nawaz, Khurram Shehzad Baig, Jen-Tsung Chen. Enhancing Cadmium Tolerance and Pea Plant Health through Enterobacter sp. MN17 Inoculation Together with Biochar and Gravel Sand. Plants. 2020; 9 (4):530.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Naveed; Adnan Mustafa; Samar Majeed; Zainab Naseem; Qudsia Saeed; Abdulhameed Khan; Ahmad Nawaz; Khurram Shehzad Baig; Jen-Tsung Chen. 2020. "Enhancing Cadmium Tolerance and Pea Plant Health through Enterobacter sp. MN17 Inoculation Together with Biochar and Gravel Sand." Plants 9, no. 4: 530.
The phytoremediation potential of macrophytic species has made them an inevitable component of constructed wetlands (CWs) for the treatment of industrial effluents. The macrophytes must have tolerance for the harsh conditions imposed by effluents for an effective establishment of the CW system. In this context, the basic purpose of this work was to investigate the efficacy of five indigenous emergent macrophytes (Brachiaria mutica, Canna indica, Cyperus laevigatus, Leptochloa fusca, and Typha domingensis) for the remediation of tannery effluent in vertical subsurface flow CWs. The ability of each macrophytic species to tolerate pollution load and to remove pollutants from the effluent was assessed. The effect of tannery effluent on the survival and growth of macrophytes was also studied. The treated tannery effluent samples were analyzed for electrical conductivity (EC), pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), chlorides (Cl−), sulphates (SO42−), oil and grease, and Cr levels. All of the studied macrophytes significantly decreased the pollution load of tannery effluent, and the higher nutrient content of effluent stimulated their growth without any signs of negative health effects. Leptochloa fusca and T. domingensis performed better in removing pollutants and showed higher growth rates and biomass than other tested macrophytes and can be considered preferred species for use in CWs treating tannery effluent. Brachiaria mutica showed morphologically better results than C. indica and C. laevigatus.
Sobia Ashraf; Muhammad Naveed; Muhammad Afzal; Mahmoud F. Seleiman; Nasser A. Al-Suhaibani; Zahir A. Zahir; Adnan Mustafa; Yahya Refay; Bushra Ahmed Alhammad; Sana Ashraf; Majed Alotaibi; Kamel A. Abdella. Unveiling the Potential of Novel Macrophytes for the Treatment of Tannery Effluent in Vertical Flow Pilot Constructed Wetlands. Water 2020, 12, 549 .
AMA StyleSobia Ashraf, Muhammad Naveed, Muhammad Afzal, Mahmoud F. Seleiman, Nasser A. Al-Suhaibani, Zahir A. Zahir, Adnan Mustafa, Yahya Refay, Bushra Ahmed Alhammad, Sana Ashraf, Majed Alotaibi, Kamel A. Abdella. Unveiling the Potential of Novel Macrophytes for the Treatment of Tannery Effluent in Vertical Flow Pilot Constructed Wetlands. Water. 2020; 12 (2):549.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSobia Ashraf; Muhammad Naveed; Muhammad Afzal; Mahmoud F. Seleiman; Nasser A. Al-Suhaibani; Zahir A. Zahir; Adnan Mustafa; Yahya Refay; Bushra Ahmed Alhammad; Sana Ashraf; Majed Alotaibi; Kamel A. Abdella. 2020. "Unveiling the Potential of Novel Macrophytes for the Treatment of Tannery Effluent in Vertical Flow Pilot Constructed Wetlands." Water 12, no. 2: 549.
Iron-biofortification is a sustainable food-based approach to combat iron deficiency by increasing iron content and bioavailability in agronomic crops. Siderophore producing microbes offer a sustainable and low-cost way to increase iron supply in crops. Also, certain substances released from organic amendments act as iron-chelators which increase the solubility as well as the availability of iron to plants. Present study investigated the role of siderophore-producing endophytic bacteria and biochar on iron-fortification of a novel crop quinoa in iron-limited saline conditions. The surface-disinfected seeds of quinoa were inoculated with Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN (CFU = 109) and sown in saline soil (EC 20 dS m−1) amended with biochar (1% w/w). Results revealed that biochar and PsJN particularly when applied together significantly enhanced plant growth, grain yield, and grain nutrient contents of quinoa. Strikingly, iron concentration in quinoa grains was increased up to 71% by the combined application of biochar and PsJN. Moreover, plant physiological parameters were also improved significantly by the integrated application. However, enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidants activities were decreased by integrated treatment thus ameliorated salinity stress. Our study suggests that integrated application of siderophore-producing bacteria and biochar could be a promising, sustainable and cost-effective strategy which is easily integratable into the existing farming practices to achieve food fortification with micronutrients in developing countries.
Muhammad Naveed; Natasha Ramzan; Adnan Mustafa; Abdul Samad; Bushra Niamat; Muhammad Yaseen; Zulfiqar Ahmad; Mirza Hasanuzzaman; Nan Sun; Weiqi Shi; Minggang Xu; Xu Minggang. Alleviation of Salinity Induced Oxidative Stress in Chenopodium quinoa by Fe Biofortification and Biochar—Endophyte Interaction. Agronomy 2020, 10, 168 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Naveed, Natasha Ramzan, Adnan Mustafa, Abdul Samad, Bushra Niamat, Muhammad Yaseen, Zulfiqar Ahmad, Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Nan Sun, Weiqi Shi, Minggang Xu, Xu Minggang. Alleviation of Salinity Induced Oxidative Stress in Chenopodium quinoa by Fe Biofortification and Biochar—Endophyte Interaction. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (2):168.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Naveed; Natasha Ramzan; Adnan Mustafa; Abdul Samad; Bushra Niamat; Muhammad Yaseen; Zulfiqar Ahmad; Mirza Hasanuzzaman; Nan Sun; Weiqi Shi; Minggang Xu; Xu Minggang. 2020. "Alleviation of Salinity Induced Oxidative Stress in Chenopodium quinoa by Fe Biofortification and Biochar—Endophyte Interaction." Agronomy 10, no. 2: 168.
Salinity stress is one of the serious restrictive issues for optimum crop production in arid to semi-arid areas. Application of organic amendments have shown positive effects on crop growth and yield under such scenario. The present study was conducted to estimate the potential of calcium-fortified composted animal manure (Ca-FCM) to enhance growth and yield of canola under saline soil conditions. Salt affected soils with various electrical conductivity (EC) levels (original 1.5, 5, and 10 dS m−1) were developed via spiking the soil with sodium chloride (NaCl) salt. The results reveal that soil salinity reduced the growth, physiological, yield, and nutritional parameters of canola. However, application of 3% calcium-fortified composted manure significantly enhanced the growth and yield parameters at all EC levels as compared to control. Plant physiological parameters such as photosynthetic rate, relative chlorophyll contents (SPAD value), and relative water content were also increased with the application of 3% Ca-FCM at all EC levels in comparison to control. Application of 3% Ca-FCM also mediated the antioxidant enzymes activities at all EC levels in comparison to control. Moreover, application of 3% Ca-FCM caused maximum increase in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations in shoot at all EC levels. Conversely, application of 3% Ca-FCM showed maximum decrease in Na+/K+ ratio in leaf up to 83.33%, 77.78%, and 71.43% at EC levels 1.5, 5, and 10 dS m−1, respectively, as compared to control. It was concluded that application of calcium-fortified composted animal manure (Ca-FCM) could be an efficient method for improving growth, yield, physiological, and nutritional parameters of canola through mediation of antioxidant defense machinery under saline soil conditions.
Muhammad Naveed; Haroon Sajid; Adnan Mustafa; Bushra Niamat; Zulfiqar Ahmad; Muhammad Yaseen; Muhammad Kamran; Munazza Rafique; Sunny Ahmar; Jen-Tsung Chen. Alleviation of Salinity-Induced Oxidative Stress, Improvement in Growth, Physiology and Mineral Nutrition of Canola (Brassica napus L.) through Calcium-Fortified Composted Animal Manure. Sustainability 2020, 12, 846 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Naveed, Haroon Sajid, Adnan Mustafa, Bushra Niamat, Zulfiqar Ahmad, Muhammad Yaseen, Muhammad Kamran, Munazza Rafique, Sunny Ahmar, Jen-Tsung Chen. Alleviation of Salinity-Induced Oxidative Stress, Improvement in Growth, Physiology and Mineral Nutrition of Canola (Brassica napus L.) through Calcium-Fortified Composted Animal Manure. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (3):846.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Naveed; Haroon Sajid; Adnan Mustafa; Bushra Niamat; Zulfiqar Ahmad; Muhammad Yaseen; Muhammad Kamran; Munazza Rafique; Sunny Ahmar; Jen-Tsung Chen. 2020. "Alleviation of Salinity-Induced Oxidative Stress, Improvement in Growth, Physiology and Mineral Nutrition of Canola (Brassica napus L.) through Calcium-Fortified Composted Animal Manure." Sustainability 12, no. 3: 846.
Soil salinity and sodicity are among the main problems for optimum crop production in areas where rainfall is not enough for leaching of salts out of the rooting zone. Application of organic and Ca-based amendments have the potential to increase crop yield and productivity under saline–alkaline soil environments. Based on this hypothesis, the present study was conducted to evaluate the potential of compost, Ca-based fertilizer industry waste (Ca-FW), and Ca-fortified compost (Ca-FC) to increase growth and yield of maize under saline–sodic soil conditions. Saline–sodic soil conditions with electrical conductivity (EC) levels (1.6, 5, and 10 dS m−1) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) = 15, were developed by spiking soil with a solution containing NaCl, Na2SO4, MgSO4, and CaCl2. Results showed that soil salinity and sodicity significantly reduced plant growth, yield, physiological, and nutrient uptake parameters. However, the application of Ca-FC caused a remarkable increase in the studied parameters of maize at EC levels of 1.6, 5, and 10 dS m−1 as compared to the control. In addition, Ca-FC caused the maximum decrease in Na+/K+ ratio in shoot up to 85.1%, 71.79%, and 70.37% at EC levels of 1.6, 5, and 10 dS m−1, respectively as compared to the control treatment. Moreover, nutrient uptake (NPK) was also significantly increased with the application of Ca-FC under normal as well as saline–sodic soil conditions. It is thus inferred that the application of Ca-FC could be an effective amendment to enhance growth, yield, physiology, and nutrient uptake in maize under saline–sodic soil conditions constituting the novelty of this work.
Bushra Niamat; Muhammad Naveed; Zulfiqar Ahmad; Muhammad Yaseen; Allah Ditta; Adnan Mustafa; Munazza Rafique; Riffat Bibi; Nan Sun; Minggang Xu. Calcium-Enriched Animal Manure Alleviates the Adverse Effects of Salt Stress on Growth, Physiology and Nutrients Homeostasis of Zea mays L. Plants 2019, 8, 480 .
AMA StyleBushra Niamat, Muhammad Naveed, Zulfiqar Ahmad, Muhammad Yaseen, Allah Ditta, Adnan Mustafa, Munazza Rafique, Riffat Bibi, Nan Sun, Minggang Xu. Calcium-Enriched Animal Manure Alleviates the Adverse Effects of Salt Stress on Growth, Physiology and Nutrients Homeostasis of Zea mays L. Plants. 2019; 8 (11):480.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBushra Niamat; Muhammad Naveed; Zulfiqar Ahmad; Muhammad Yaseen; Allah Ditta; Adnan Mustafa; Munazza Rafique; Riffat Bibi; Nan Sun; Minggang Xu. 2019. "Calcium-Enriched Animal Manure Alleviates the Adverse Effects of Salt Stress on Growth, Physiology and Nutrients Homeostasis of Zea mays L." Plants 8, no. 11: 480.