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Achieving a satisfactory level for indoor environments of historical buildings is an ongoing problem that needs to be solved due to a large demand for deep retrofits in the whole of Europe. The implementation of the indoor environmental quality index (IEQ) to predict an occupant’s satisfaction in thermo-modernized historical buildings is a new concept which is a response to existing needs. In this article, a relevant study is provided with the intention to evaluate the indoor environmental performance of retrofitting effects in historical buildings dating back to the years 1873–1878. Considering the historical character of the buildings, some of the cellar spaces were fitted out with an innovative internal insulation system of mineral sheets based on calcium silicate to prevent water vapor condensation and effectively limit mold growth. The IEQ methodology was applied for retrofitted and non-retrofitted spaces as a comparison. Four essential components of indoor quality are investigated: thermal comfort, indoor air quality, acoustic comfort, and visual quality. The results of sub-component indexes are calculated based on the measured indoor parameters and the specific sensory functions. This paper discusses the results of an indoor environmental analysis including a mycological air quality assessment with the newly developed IAQindex (fungal air contamination index), total volatile organic compound concentration (TVOC), CO2, and formaldehyde (HCHO) assessment, the evaluation energy-related thermal comfort, acoustic, and visual quality, of modernized spaces. A questionnaire survey study was additionally carried out among a building’s users intentioned to compare the accounts of satisfaction before and after the retrofitting process and also to compare “subjective” results with the one’s based on in situ tests. The retrofitting approach was proven to be effective in limiting the presence of molds and a significant difference in indoor environmental quality between thermally insulated and uninsulated spaces was observed and discussed.
Michał Piasecki; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Piotr Czerski; Małgorzata FEDORCZAK-CISAK; Michał Zielina; Paweł Krzyściak; Patrycja Kwaśniewska-Sip; Wojciech Grześkowiak. Implementation of the Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Model for the Assessment of a Retrofitted Historical Masonry Building. Energies 2020, 13, 6051 .
AMA StyleMichał Piasecki, Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina, Piotr Czerski, Małgorzata FEDORCZAK-CISAK, Michał Zielina, Paweł Krzyściak, Patrycja Kwaśniewska-Sip, Wojciech Grześkowiak. Implementation of the Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Model for the Assessment of a Retrofitted Historical Masonry Building. Energies. 2020; 13 (22):6051.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichał Piasecki; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Piotr Czerski; Małgorzata FEDORCZAK-CISAK; Michał Zielina; Paweł Krzyściak; Patrycja Kwaśniewska-Sip; Wojciech Grześkowiak. 2020. "Implementation of the Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Model for the Assessment of a Retrofitted Historical Masonry Building." Energies 13, no. 22: 6051.
The objective of this paper is to analyse communication and information flow within construction projects on the basis of a survey study and a review of the literature. The subject of communication and its impact on carrying out a construction project is widely discussed in global academic literature. Many scholars point to problems with communication and information flow while also reporting that it directly affects construction project time and cost. In the literature, communication is also presented as an essential factor that improves safety and partnering in construction projects. There is also a group of studies that points to the lack of effective communication as the cause of delays and modifications. The authors, in reference to global studies, present the results of a survey study performed in Poland on a group of 160 construction industry practitioners. Information about five research areas was collected. These areas included: general information about communication and information flow between construction project participants, problems in carrying out construction projects in relation to the lack of effective communication, the impact of communication on the success of carrying out a construction project, communication costs, and the need to develop a tool (a digital system) that would support construction project managers in the optimal control over communication between project participants. On the basis of the obtained research results and the literature study, it was found that effective communication and information flow within a construction project can improve the construction process and that there exists a need to develop a comprehensive approach that would aid construction project managers in ensuring a more effective information flow.
Ewelina Kania; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Grzegorz Śladowski. Communication and Information Flow in Polish Construction Projects. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9182 .
AMA StyleEwelina Kania, Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina, Grzegorz Śladowski. Communication and Information Flow in Polish Construction Projects. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):9182.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEwelina Kania; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Grzegorz Śladowski. 2020. "Communication and Information Flow in Polish Construction Projects." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 9182.
This paper presents a proposal for a historic building thermal diagnostics algorithm for the example of a historical townhouse located in Lviv, Ukraine. The authors proposed a testing and diagnostics procedure that should precede design and renovation work associated with improving the energy standard of the buildings under discussion. The procedure was presented using a case study of a selected historical building. The scope of the study included an assessment of the building’s technical condition, thermal vision diagnostics, wall moisture, and water absorption in the context of protection against rain. Sample thermal and hygrothermal calculations were performed for a sample architecture element. The calculations included simulations of partition envelope behaviour after planned thermal retrofitting had been carried out. Performing the presented thermal diagnostics methods in three interlinked blocks (A, B, and C) shall ensure the proper thermal retrofitting of historical buildings in the context of their further occupancy.
Bożena Orlik-Kożdoń; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Małgorzata FEDORCZAK-CISAK; Tomasz Steidl; Andrzej Białkiewicz; Maria Żychowska; Andriy Muzychak. Historic Building Thermal Diagnostics Algorithm Presented for the Example of a Townhouse in Lviv. Energies 2020, 13, 5374 .
AMA StyleBożena Orlik-Kożdoń, Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina, Małgorzata FEDORCZAK-CISAK, Tomasz Steidl, Andrzej Białkiewicz, Maria Żychowska, Andriy Muzychak. Historic Building Thermal Diagnostics Algorithm Presented for the Example of a Townhouse in Lviv. Energies. 2020; 13 (20):5374.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBożena Orlik-Kożdoń; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Małgorzata FEDORCZAK-CISAK; Tomasz Steidl; Andrzej Białkiewicz; Maria Żychowska; Andriy Muzychak. 2020. "Historic Building Thermal Diagnostics Algorithm Presented for the Example of a Townhouse in Lviv." Energies 13, no. 20: 5374.
This paper presents the European market of transparent insulation materials as viewed by manufacturers. The objective of the study was to analyse the application of transparent insulation materials in the construction sector across Europe, determine the popularity of various technologies and materials used to manufacture them, the competition among transparent insulation manufacturers, investment in the development of new transparent insulation technologies, and trends in demand for transparent insulation in Europe. The analysis was performed on the basis of a survey of manufacturers. The use of transparent insulation is associated with high cost, yet the potential return on investment in the form of savings over the course of a building’s life-cycle convinces many potential developers to apply these materials. Based on the results of the survey, it can be concluded that European companies follow the increase in energy-efficiency and the transparent insulation market is prosperous, yet differs from country to country. It was observed that the positive perception of indirect heat gain transparent insulation systems was the most prevalent in Germany. The paper also explores the situation on the author’s domestic market – the Polish transparent thermal insulation market.
Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Filip Kuraj. Transparent insulation materials market in Europe. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 2020, 29, 377 -387.
AMA StyleElżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina, Filip Kuraj. Transparent insulation materials market in Europe. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska. 2020; 29 (3):377-387.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Filip Kuraj. 2020. "Transparent insulation materials market in Europe." Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 29, no. 3: 377-387.
The paper discusses thermal quality improvement in historic buildings. It is based on a case study of a wooden historical building in an architectural style typical of Zakopane, located in the Podhale region of Poland. The building’s historical value and timber structure prevent the application of typical thermal retrofitting solutions. This paper presents an analysis of the possibilities of the improvement of energy performance of a historic building (villa) which included: a review of the available energy performance improvement solutions applicable to this type of building, with a particular focus on applying internal insulation; a technical condition assessment using non-invasive methods, the identification of problematic areas in terms of the thermal retrofitting of buildings with timber walls and decks; in situ tests: thermovision tests which showed the places with temperature distribution field disturbances in the building’s envelope, focusing on thermal bridges; measurements of actual thermal transmittance coefficients for extant partitions; measurements of the building’s airtightness and the microclimate in selected rooms; numerical analysis: an assessment of the influence of the thermal bridges on the building’s existing condition, an analysis of water content changes in wall systems post-insulation. The presented approach enables the improvement of the energy performance of timber historical buildings while preserving the historical value of its architecture. It is innovative because it tries to fill in a research gap concerning a lack of relevant guidelines in Poland. The research questions that the authors asked were as follows. Is it possible to improve the thermal insulation of a building’s wooden walls without adversely affecting the building’s technical condition? With regard to the necessity to meet nZEB (nearly zero energy building) standards, is it feasible to improve the timber walls of historical buildings? The study found that under the correct assumptions and while maintaining a responsible approach to design, it is possible to improve the energy performance of historical buildings without interfering with historical heritage.
Małgorzata FEDORCZAK-CISAK; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Bożena Orlik-Kożdoń; Tomasz Steidl; Tadeusz Tatara. Analysis of the Thermal Retrofitting Potential of the External Walls of Podhale’s Historical Timber Buildings in the Aspect of the Non-Deterioration of Their Technical Condition. Energies 2020, 13, 4610 .
AMA StyleMałgorzata FEDORCZAK-CISAK, Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina, Bożena Orlik-Kożdoń, Tomasz Steidl, Tadeusz Tatara. Analysis of the Thermal Retrofitting Potential of the External Walls of Podhale’s Historical Timber Buildings in the Aspect of the Non-Deterioration of Their Technical Condition. Energies. 2020; 13 (18):4610.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMałgorzata FEDORCZAK-CISAK; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Bożena Orlik-Kożdoń; Tomasz Steidl; Tadeusz Tatara. 2020. "Analysis of the Thermal Retrofitting Potential of the External Walls of Podhale’s Historical Timber Buildings in the Aspect of the Non-Deterioration of Their Technical Condition." Energies 13, no. 18: 4610.
Adapting historic buildings to new, modern forms generates not only financial benefits for developers but can also allow them to survive for future generations through proper remodelling. The variety of decision criteria related to the selection of a new function of a historic building makes this problem multidimensional. Many of these criteria are interrelated and have a non-linear nature which requires a comprehensive network-based rather than a classic hierarchical approach to conducting multi-criteria analysis. A comprehensive approach taking into account the specificity of the analysed problem was proposed. The study was supported by an example of the choice of building function as part of the adaptive reuse of a historic building located in Zakopane. The following variants have been analysed: a hostel (existing state), a five-star hotel, a folk art gallery and a conference and training centre. The final rating of alternatives indicates that the hotel best meets the adopted decision criteria.
Małgorzata FEDORCZAK-CISAK; Alicja Kowalska-Koczwara; Filip Pachla; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Bartłomiej Szewczyk; Grzegorz Śladowski; Tadeusz Tatara. Fuzzy Model for Selecting a Form of Use Alternative for a Historic Building to Be Subjected to Adaptive Reuse. Energies 2020, 13, 2809 .
AMA StyleMałgorzata FEDORCZAK-CISAK, Alicja Kowalska-Koczwara, Filip Pachla, Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina, Bartłomiej Szewczyk, Grzegorz Śladowski, Tadeusz Tatara. Fuzzy Model for Selecting a Form of Use Alternative for a Historic Building to Be Subjected to Adaptive Reuse. Energies. 2020; 13 (11):2809.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMałgorzata FEDORCZAK-CISAK; Alicja Kowalska-Koczwara; Filip Pachla; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Bartłomiej Szewczyk; Grzegorz Śladowski; Tadeusz Tatara. 2020. "Fuzzy Model for Selecting a Form of Use Alternative for a Historic Building to Be Subjected to Adaptive Reuse." Energies 13, no. 11: 2809.
The Directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings has introduced the standard of “nearly zero-energy buildings” (NZEBs). European requirements place the obligation to reduce energy consumption on all European Union Member States, particularly in sectors with significant energy consumption indicators. Construction is one such sector, as it is responsible for around 40% of overall energy consumption. Apart from a building’s mass and its material and installation solutions, its energy consumption is also affected by its placement relative to other buildings. A proper urban layout can also lead to a reduction in project development and occupancy costs. The goal of this article is to present a method of optimising single-family house complexes that takes elements such as direct construction costs, construction site organisation, urban layout and occupancy costs into consideration in the context of sustainability. Its authors have analysed different proposals of the placement of 40 NZEBs relative to each other and have carried out a multi-criteria analysis of the complex, determining optimal solutions that are compliant with the precepts of sustainability. The results indicated that the layout composed of semi-detached houses scored the highest among the proposed layouts under the parameter weights set by the developer. This layout also scored the highest when parameter weights were uniformly distributed during a test simulation.
Małgorzata FEDORCZAK-CISAK; Anna Kotowicz; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Bartłomiej Sroka; Tadeusz Tatara; Krzysztof Barnaś. Multi-Criteria Optimisation of an Experimental Complex of Single-Family Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings. Energies 2020, 13, 1541 .
AMA StyleMałgorzata FEDORCZAK-CISAK, Anna Kotowicz, Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina, Bartłomiej Sroka, Tadeusz Tatara, Krzysztof Barnaś. Multi-Criteria Optimisation of an Experimental Complex of Single-Family Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings. Energies. 2020; 13 (7):1541.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMałgorzata FEDORCZAK-CISAK; Anna Kotowicz; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Bartłomiej Sroka; Tadeusz Tatara; Krzysztof Barnaś. 2020. "Multi-Criteria Optimisation of an Experimental Complex of Single-Family Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings." Energies 13, no. 7: 1541.
According to the concept of sustainable development, the process of extending the life-cycle of existing buildings (including historical ones) through their restoration not only generates benefits from their layer use but also—and primarily—constitutes a chance for their substance to survive for use by future generations. Building restoration projects are usually difficult to plan, primarily due to the limited amount of information on the technical condition of existing structures and their historical substance, which often makes the scope of renovation works difficult to determine. At the stage of planning such a project, it is, therefore, reasonable to consider various scenarios of its implementation, the occurrence of which can be both random and can be generated by the decision-maker. Unfortunately, in practice, the right tools for planning such projects are not used, which in effect generates problems associated with underestimating their completion time and costs. In subject literature, there are proposals of the use of stochastic and decision networks to assess the course of various projects that are characterised by having indeterminate structures. However, these networks are limited to modelling tasks that either occur purely randomly or are fully generated by decision-makers. There are no studies that enable the modelling and optimisation of the structure of a project while taking into consideration both the random and decision-based nature of carrying it out. In the article, the authors proposed a stochastic decision network that enables the correct modelling of projects with a multi-variant structure of being carried out. For the purpose of analysing the network model, elements of mathematical programming were used to determine optimal decisions (in terms of expected costs and completion times of carrying out a project) that control the structure of the project being modelled. The entirety of the authors’ proposal was backed by a calculation experiment on an example of a refurbishment construction project, which confirmed the application potential of the proposed approach.
Grzegorz Śladowski; Bartłomiej Szewczyk; Bartłomiej Sroka; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina. Using Stochastic Decision Networks to Assess Costs and Completion Times of Refurbishment Work in Construction. Symmetry 2019, 11, 398 .
AMA StyleGrzegorz Śladowski, Bartłomiej Szewczyk, Bartłomiej Sroka, Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina. Using Stochastic Decision Networks to Assess Costs and Completion Times of Refurbishment Work in Construction. Symmetry. 2019; 11 (3):398.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGrzegorz Śladowski; Bartłomiej Szewczyk; Bartłomiej Sroka; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina. 2019. "Using Stochastic Decision Networks to Assess Costs and Completion Times of Refurbishment Work in Construction." Symmetry 11, no. 3: 398.
In this article, the authors propose ways to evaluate the criteria for the considered variants of utility functions in the adaptation of historic regional architecture. The proposed set of assessment criteria (thermo-modernisation criteria, comfort of use, financial considerations, criteria of social benefits, and protection of cultural heritage) emphasises the multidimensional character of the problem of choosing a new function for a historic building. Some of the criteria are measurable while others are difficult to measure, which requires an expert approach to their assessment. The evaluation of the criteria was performed on the example of the historic building ‘Stara Polana’ located in Zakopane. The benchmark for the analysis was the existing condition of the ‘Stara Polana’ building, which is used as a hostel. The authors conducted a series of interdisciplinary studies specifying the potential of the new utility functions considered for the object in the context of the proposed criteria. The evaluation of individual criteria developed in this article is based on the multi-criteria analysis to be performed in the future and support the selection of a new function for the building in question.
Małgorzata Fedorczak-Cisak; Alicja Kowalska-Koczwara; Krzysztof Nering; Filip Pachla; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Grzegorz Śladowski; Tadeusz Tatara; Bartłomiej Ziarko. Evaluation of the Criteria for Selecting Proposed Variants of Utility Functions in the Adaptation of Historic Regional Architecture. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1094 .
AMA StyleMałgorzata Fedorczak-Cisak, Alicja Kowalska-Koczwara, Krzysztof Nering, Filip Pachla, Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina, Grzegorz Śladowski, Tadeusz Tatara, Bartłomiej Ziarko. Evaluation of the Criteria for Selecting Proposed Variants of Utility Functions in the Adaptation of Historic Regional Architecture. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (4):1094.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMałgorzata Fedorczak-Cisak; Alicja Kowalska-Koczwara; Krzysztof Nering; Filip Pachla; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina; Grzegorz Śladowski; Tadeusz Tatara; Bartłomiej Ziarko. 2019. "Evaluation of the Criteria for Selecting Proposed Variants of Utility Functions in the Adaptation of Historic Regional Architecture." Sustainability 11, no. 4: 1094.
A housing market analysis for the city of Krakow
Dagmara Adamkiewicz; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina. A housing market analysis for the city of Krakow. Technical Transactions 2019, 2019, 57 -70.
AMA StyleDagmara Adamkiewicz, Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina. A housing market analysis for the city of Krakow. Technical Transactions. 2019; 2019 (9):57-70.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDagmara Adamkiewicz; Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina. 2019. "A housing market analysis for the city of Krakow." Technical Transactions 2019, no. 9: 57-70.