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Yen Lam González is degree in Economics (2005) and MBA (2008) of the University of Havana, Cuba. She holds a Master in Integral Development of Tourism Destinations (2012) and a Phd degree in Economics (2017) of the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Spain. During the last five years, she has participated in 12 RDI European Projects, under Horizon 2020, COSME, and ERDF Interreg funding Programmes. She has participated in the Integral Tourism Development Strategy of the Old Havana, world heritage site, and in capacity building and other cooperation initiatives for the United Nations (UNESCO, UNDP), World Bank and COSUDE. She is also external expert for project evaluation for the European Commission.
The tourism sector is recognised as being highly vulnerable to climate change, and research is still considered scarce to support destinations to enhance resilience capacities. This study aims to analyse tourists’ preferences for adaptation measures that can be implemented at coastal destinations to face climate risks. To this aim, 258 questionnaires were completed by tourists visiting Cyprus in the summer of 2019. Tourists were posed with hypothetical situations where several climate risks occur at the destination, and were asked to choose between alternative combinations of policies to counteract these impacts. Results indicate that the programs related to beach protection, heat waves amelioration, water supply and infectious diseases prevention are the most valued by tourists. The study provides recommendations aimed at being useful for all coastal destinations, highlighting the importance of climate-related preparedness and adaptive capacities to enhance the tourist experience value and promote economic impact.
Carmelo J. León; Elias Giannakis; George Zittis; Despina Serghides; Yen E. Lam-González; Carmen García. Tourists’ Preferences for Adaptation Measures to Build Climate Resilience at Coastal Destinations. Evidence from Cyprus. Tourism Planning & Development 2021, 1 -27.
AMA StyleCarmelo J. León, Elias Giannakis, George Zittis, Despina Serghides, Yen E. Lam-González, Carmen García. Tourists’ Preferences for Adaptation Measures to Build Climate Resilience at Coastal Destinations. Evidence from Cyprus. Tourism Planning & Development. 2021; ():1-27.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarmelo J. León; Elias Giannakis; George Zittis; Despina Serghides; Yen E. Lam-González; Carmen García. 2021. "Tourists’ Preferences for Adaptation Measures to Build Climate Resilience at Coastal Destinations. Evidence from Cyprus." Tourism Planning & Development , no. : 1-27.
The importance of fishing tourism for destinations is often analysed through the expenditure levels of tourists, with image, satisfaction and loyalty being under-researched areas. This article empirically tests a structural equation model to assess the relationship between the satisfaction, expenditure and loyalty of fishing tourists. Two dimensions were considered in each case: 1) overall and catch-related satisfaction, 2) expenditure on tourist and fishery products and services, and 3) behavioural and attitudinal loyalty. The study also examines destination attributes that are relevant in explaining the overall satisfaction of fishing tourists. By using data collected from 482 anglers visiting the Canary Islands (Spain) and Cape Verde, the study finds that overall satisfaction increases with the perception of a healthier and less polluted environment at destinations. This was found to be a dominant factor in the context of other attributes that also impact anglers’ satisfaction. Besides, satisfaction was found to be an antecedent of spending, but only on the components of the destination’s nautical offer. Finally, satisfaction with the catch was the only factor with a direct and positive relationship to loyalty. The study provides recommendations aimed at being useful in planning the sustainable development of fishing tourism at several destinations.
Yen E. Lam-González; Carmelo J. Leon; Matias M. Gonzalez Hernandez; Javier de Leon. The structural relationships of destination image, satisfaction, expenditure and loyalty in the context of fishing tourism. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 2021, 21, 422 -441.
AMA StyleYen E. Lam-González, Carmelo J. Leon, Matias M. Gonzalez Hernandez, Javier de Leon. The structural relationships of destination image, satisfaction, expenditure and loyalty in the context of fishing tourism. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. 2021; 21 (4):422-441.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen E. Lam-González; Carmelo J. Leon; Matias M. Gonzalez Hernandez; Javier de Leon. 2021. "The structural relationships of destination image, satisfaction, expenditure and loyalty in the context of fishing tourism." Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 21, no. 4: 422-441.
This paper undertakes a data-driven segmentation analysis on tourists’ choice of island destinations in the context of a changing climate. To this end, 2528 tourists visiting ten European islands in the Mediterranean, Baltic, and Atlantic regions were posed hypothetical situations in which diverse impacts caused by CC (i.e., beach loss, heatwaves, storm intensification, etc.) were affecting the islands being visited. In each scenario, tourists’ responses ranged from stay on the island to change to an alternative destination. Cluster analysis allowed the identification of four segments: (1) LO-loyal oriented—tourists willing to stay on the island despite any climatic event (in this group, tourists would often change the travel date); (2) RA-risk-averse—tourists who would always avoid islands affected by CC; (3) WIL-risk-specific—a segment of tourists with a special aversion to the risks associated with wildlife disappearance and damage to infrastructure, and (4) 3S-sun, sea and sand seekers—tourists who would always avoid visiting islands where CC induced effects are related to beach loss or extreme events. Further analysis is dedicated to comparing segments in regard to their sociodemographic characteristics, the image of the island, and the importance given to the protection of environmental attributes when choosing an island destination. The results alert us about the climate-specific risks and tourist profiles that are relevant to explaining changes in the tourism geography and seasonality of islands. The findings are useful for providing operational marketing recommendations for destination managers, especially for taking competitive advantage of climate services, and for prevention and responsiveness management strategies.
Yen. Lam-González; Carmen Galindo; Matías Hernández; Carmelo León. Understanding the Heterogeneity of Tourists’ Choices under Climate Change Risks: A Segmentation Analysis. Atmosphere 2020, 12, 22 .
AMA StyleYen. Lam-González, Carmen Galindo, Matías Hernández, Carmelo León. Understanding the Heterogeneity of Tourists’ Choices under Climate Change Risks: A Segmentation Analysis. Atmosphere. 2020; 12 (1):22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen. Lam-González; Carmen Galindo; Matías Hernández; Carmelo León. 2020. "Understanding the Heterogeneity of Tourists’ Choices under Climate Change Risks: A Segmentation Analysis." Atmosphere 12, no. 1: 22.
The occurrence of infectious diseases may change tourists’ perceptions of a destination’s image and value. This article proposes and empirically tests a choice model to measure the effect of the risk of infectious disease outbreaks caused by climate change on tourists’ willingness to pay for holidays to island destinations. With this aim, an online survey was administrated to 2538 European frequent travellers at their country of residence. Tourists were presented with a hypothetical situation whereby they had to choose among eleven well-known European island destinations for their next holiday. The choice cards included the probability of the occurrence of infectious disease events in the context of other potential risks caused by climate change (i.e., forest fires, floods, heat waves, etc.). The results show infectious disease is the risk that more negatively affects tourists’ willingness to pay to visit islands, followed by forest fires. The results have implications for tourism policy, highlighting the importance of prevention and response strategies, and the design of climate-oriented services, which may raise opportunities to work towards the enhancement of those health and environmental conditions of tourist destinations that ensure their sustainability in the longer term.
Carmelo León; Yen Lam-González; Carmen Galindo; Matías Hernández. Measuring the Impact of Infectious Diseases on Tourists’ Willingness to Pay to Visit Island Destinations. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 1117 .
AMA StyleCarmelo León, Yen Lam-González, Carmen Galindo, Matías Hernández. Measuring the Impact of Infectious Diseases on Tourists’ Willingness to Pay to Visit Island Destinations. Atmosphere. 2020; 11 (10):1117.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarmelo León; Yen Lam-González; Carmen Galindo; Matías Hernández. 2020. "Measuring the Impact of Infectious Diseases on Tourists’ Willingness to Pay to Visit Island Destinations." Atmosphere 11, no. 10: 1117.
Anastasia Arabadzhyan; Paolo Figini; Carmen García; Matías M. González; Yen E. Lam-González; Carmelo J. León. Climate change, coastal tourism, and impact chains – a literature review. Current Issues in Tourism 2020, 1 -36.
AMA StyleAnastasia Arabadzhyan, Paolo Figini, Carmen García, Matías M. González, Yen E. Lam-González, Carmelo J. León. Climate change, coastal tourism, and impact chains – a literature review. Current Issues in Tourism. 2020; ():1-36.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnastasia Arabadzhyan; Paolo Figini; Carmen García; Matías M. González; Yen E. Lam-González; Carmelo J. León. 2020. "Climate change, coastal tourism, and impact chains – a literature review." Current Issues in Tourism , no. : 1-36.
In tourism, entrepreneurial internationalisation is considered a measure of the development of the industry and a key driver of innovation, competitiveness and image enhancement. In nautical tourism, research is still scarce in terms of supporting business’ internationalisation. This paper analyses factors constraining the international growth of island-based nautical tourism organisations. For the research, a sample of 60 nautical tourism SMEs´ owners of six different islands in the Macaronesia Region (Canary Islands, Madeira and Cape Verde archipelagos) were interviewed. As a result, we provide up to date information about current conditions and barriers to the internationalisation process within the segment and also identify the profile of the firms with the best international performance. The study is of great usefulness for the industry as it guides on the areas that require special attention to enhance those social, environmental and economic conditions of nautical tourism firms that ensure sustainable international growth. Moreover, it helps policymakers of island destinations seeking specialisation and positioning within the international nautical tourism market to raise the efficiency of current incentive mechanisms for internationalisation, thus contributing to increase tourism competitiveness. Finally, the study highlights the importance of fostering wider cooperation among islands with common interests in nautical specialisation and the challenges that this represents for the tourism management.
Yen E. Lam-González; Chaitanya Suárez-Rojas; Carmelo J. León. Factors Constraining International Growth in Nautical Tourism Firms. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6846 .
AMA StyleYen E. Lam-González, Chaitanya Suárez-Rojas, Carmelo J. León. Factors Constraining International Growth in Nautical Tourism Firms. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (23):6846.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen E. Lam-González; Chaitanya Suárez-Rojas; Carmelo J. León. 2019. "Factors Constraining International Growth in Nautical Tourism Firms." Sustainability 11, no. 23: 6846.
Maritime tourism has become a competitive opportunity for many island destinations in search of sustainable development. This article aims to analyze the hypothesis that tourist satisfaction with nautical destinations depends on the experience of previous visits to competing destinations. This hypothesis is relevant in order to ascertain the extent of potential coopetition between tourist destinations from the point of view of the consumers. This may ask for the need of cooperation within the competitive environment in which tourist destinations manage sustainability. The evidence is obtained from the case of Cape Verde, an archipelago strongly committed to the development of the nautical sector. Survey data from nautical tourists’ satisfaction visiting Cape Verde is modeled utilizing an ordinal logistic approach. Results show that tourist satisfaction with Cape Verde increases with the authenticity of the cultural experience offered by the destination, the diversity and quality of the nautical offer and the security perceived. Moreover, tourists declaring a satisfactory travel experience in other recently visited islands have higher levels of satisfaction with the nautical destination of Cape Verde. This suggests that proper strategies for nautical tourism development in these islands should not only allow tourists to discover the best cultural and local values of the destination, but also enhance their awareness of the quality of the experience provided by island competitors and, therefore establishing a benchmark for the common benefit of all island destinations becomes of interest. In this regard, coopetition strategies among islands with common interests of specialization may allow them to gain better positioning in the international nautical tourism market, and contribute to tourism development and the sustainability of the industry.
Yen E. Lam-González; Carmelo J. León; Javier De León. Coopetition in Maritime Tourism: Assessing the Effect of Previous Islands’ Choice and Experience in Tourist Satisfaction. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6334 .
AMA StyleYen E. Lam-González, Carmelo J. León, Javier De León. Coopetition in Maritime Tourism: Assessing the Effect of Previous Islands’ Choice and Experience in Tourist Satisfaction. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (22):6334.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen E. Lam-González; Carmelo J. León; Javier De León. 2019. "Coopetition in Maritime Tourism: Assessing the Effect of Previous Islands’ Choice and Experience in Tourist Satisfaction." Sustainability 11, no. 22: 6334.
Climatic conditions may influence the way in which tourists undertake certain activities at destinations. This article proposes and empirically tests a structural equation model to measure the effects of climate perceived comfort on tourists' demand for nautical activities and expenditure decisions during the visit. Using data collected from 255 tourists visiting Cape Verde for maritime recreation, the study finds that satisfaction with weather conditions is the main determinant of the amount of nautical activities consumed by tourists during their visit to the destination. In addition, nautical activities are found to be a mediator of the impact of climate on tourists' satisfaction and on-site expenditure. The results suggest implications for tourism policy, highlighting the importance of the design of climate-oriented products and services for improving nautical tourism experience, foster technological innovation, and promote economic impact.
Yen E. Lam-González; Carmelo J. León; Javier de León. Assessing the effects of the climatic satisfaction on nautical tourists' on-site activities and expenditure decisions. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 2019, 14, 100372 .
AMA StyleYen E. Lam-González, Carmelo J. León, Javier de León. Assessing the effects of the climatic satisfaction on nautical tourists' on-site activities and expenditure decisions. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. 2019; 14 ():100372.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen E. Lam-González; Carmelo J. León; Javier de León. 2019. "Assessing the effects of the climatic satisfaction on nautical tourists' on-site activities and expenditure decisions." Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 14, no. : 100372.
La náutica de recreo constituye uno de los segmentos de mayor capacidad dinamizadora de los destinos turísticos costeros tradicionales, por las cualidades que ostenta para el desarrollo socioeconómico. En Canarias existen esfuerzos, conjuntos, de las administraciones públicas y privadas para potenciar el desarrollo del turismo, con el objetivo de posicionar al archipiélago como destino náutico de excelencia a nivel europeo. En este escenario, se le otorga especial atención a los puertos deportivos y marinas de la región; de este modo, se erigen como un activo principal las estrategias de especialización propuestas para el destino. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal el estudio del puerto Pasito Blanco, uno de los puertos deportivos del destino Gran Canaria. En el artículo, se analiza la salud financiera en el periodo 2007-2013 y la satisfacción que tienen los usuarios con los atributos y servicios de la instalación, verificando si existe correspondencia entre estos aspectos. Los resultados permiten elaborar recomendaciones de utilidad práctica que contribuyan al mejor aprovechamiento de los recursos financieros del puerto y a elevar la eficiencia de su gestión integral.
Yen E. Lam González; Javier De León Ledesma; Jose Boza Chirino; Matías Manuel González Hernández. Comportamiento financiero y valoración de la demanda de los puertos deportivos de Canarias. El caso de Pasito Blanco. Teknos revista científica 2018, 64 -79.
AMA StyleYen E. Lam González, Javier De León Ledesma, Jose Boza Chirino, Matías Manuel González Hernández. Comportamiento financiero y valoración de la demanda de los puertos deportivos de Canarias. El caso de Pasito Blanco. Teknos revista científica. 2018; ():64-79.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen E. Lam González; Javier De León Ledesma; Jose Boza Chirino; Matías Manuel González Hernández. 2018. "Comportamiento financiero y valoración de la demanda de los puertos deportivos de Canarias. El caso de Pasito Blanco." Teknos revista científica , no. : 64-79.
El clima es un atributo del destino capaz de influir en el comportamiento turístico, especialmente en aquellos segmentos motivados por el ocio y la recreación al aire libre. En turismo náutico, el clima es esencial, porque condiciona la realización de la actividad náutica. Frente a la escasez de investigaciones que estudien la relación entre clima y comportamiento náutico, este artículo propone un modelo de regresión logística ordinal, que permite medir el impacto del clima en la cantidad de actividades náuticas, el número de visitas al destino y la satisfacción global del turista, y compararlo con el efecto del resto de atributos. Como resultado de encuestar a 201 turistas náuticos, nacionales y extranjeros, de visita en la Ruta del Sol (Ecuador) en el 2015, se ha podido comprobar que la satisfacción climática del practicante náutico es esencial para garantizar su satisfacción con el destino. El estudio también pone de relieve el efecto dominante que ejerce el clima sobre el comportamiento náutico y la fidelidad del turista extranjero, lo que demuestra la importancia de trabajar en el diseño de productos y servicios con información climático-meteorológica, para la gestión del turismo náutico internacional en este destino. Sin embargo, en aras de elevar la fidelidad y estimular el consumo náutico del mercado nacional, se requiere trabajar en otros aspectos, que se descubren a lo largo de este trabajo.
Yen E. Lam González; Carmelo J. León González; Javier De León Ledesma. El clima y su relación con las actividades, la fidelidad y la satisfacción del turista náutico que visita la Ruta del Sol (Ecuador). Innovar 2018, 28, 41 -57.
AMA StyleYen E. Lam González, Carmelo J. León González, Javier De León Ledesma. El clima y su relación con las actividades, la fidelidad y la satisfacción del turista náutico que visita la Ruta del Sol (Ecuador). Innovar. 2018; 28 (67):41-57.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen E. Lam González; Carmelo J. León González; Javier De León Ledesma. 2018. "El clima y su relación con las actividades, la fidelidad y la satisfacción del turista náutico que visita la Ruta del Sol (Ecuador)." Innovar 28, no. 67: 41-57.
Resumen El turismo náutico es un sector estratégico para el desarrollo turístico de España y para la sostenibilidad de sus destinos tradicionales, aun cuando existen pocos estudios en esta área. Para Canarias el sector es prioritario, con una reconocida apuesta pública por la especialización del Archipiélago y su reposicionamiento como destino náutico de excelencia a nivel europeo. El presente artículo, resultado de encuestar a 122 navegantes de nacionalidad europea en tránsito por Canarias entre 2013 y 2014, aborda el estudio de las preferencias y motivaciones de viaje de estos turistas náuticos, y profundiza en el análisis contrastado de sus percepciones y valoraciones del puerto y el destino náutico. Los resultados obtenidos permiten elaborar una serie de recomendaciones en torno a la oferta náutico-turística, y a las estrategias de gestión y de promoción del destino.
Yen Elízabeth Lam González; Javier De León Ledesma. Preferencias y valoración de los navegantes europeos en Canarias (España). Cuadernos de Turismo 2017, 311 .
AMA StyleYen Elízabeth Lam González, Javier De León Ledesma. Preferencias y valoración de los navegantes europeos en Canarias (España). Cuadernos de Turismo. 2017; (39):311.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen Elízabeth Lam González; Javier De León Ledesma. 2017. "Preferencias y valoración de los navegantes europeos en Canarias (España)." Cuadernos de Turismo , no. 39: 311.
El turismo náutico se concibe como un segmento estratégico para el desarrollo turístico de España y sus destinos costeros. En Canarias existe una apuesta pública por la especialización del Archipiélago y su reposicionamiento como destino líder europeo de escala en el Atlántico, por las múltiples cualidades naturales que posee la región para el deporte náutico, y su posición geográfica estratégica en el cruce desde Europa hacia el Caribe. Así, se viene planteando una renovación y desarrollo del sector de la náutica de recreo y el turismo de yates, con estrategias enfocadas a la diversificación y el crecimiento. Los altos costes sociales y medioambientales asociados a este tipo de desarrollo justifican la necesidad de una mayor atención académica, que permita comprender las particularidades y complejidades de la actividad y este mercado turístico. En la misma medida en que esta actividad es vista como un factor de riesgo para el medioambiente, la comunidad local y la franja litoral, también son crecientes las preocupaciones y sensibilidad por parte de los turistas hacia estos fenómenos. Dada la carencia de investigaciones en el área, este estudio se propone identificar los determinantes de la satisfacción de los navegantes europeos con los puertos de escala de Canarias. Como resultado de encuestar a 185 navegantes europeos durante su escala en seis puertos deportivos del archipiélago en 2014 y 2015, y la validación de un sistema de ecuaciones estructurales, se ha podido demostrar, entre otros aspectos, que existe una predilección en el mercado de navegantes europeos por presenciar esfuerzos y políticas de gestión ambiental sostenible en las marinas, siendo éste un factor determinante de su satisfacción. Los hallazgos permiten elaborar una serie de recomendaciones a gestores y operadores turísticos del sector, en aras de contribuir al diseño de estrategias que garanticen un desarrollo más sostenible y razonable de la actividad, basados en el efecto positivo que producen estas estrategias en la demanda, y el potencial valor de diferenciación turística que otorga, en el entorno competitivo del sector.
Yen E. Lam-González; Carmelo J. León; Matías M. González Hernández. Determinantes de la satisfacción de los navegantes europeos con los puertos de escala de Canarias (España). Études caribéennes 2017, 1 .
AMA StyleYen E. Lam-González, Carmelo J. León, Matías M. González Hernández. Determinantes de la satisfacción de los navegantes europeos con los puertos de escala de Canarias (España). Études caribéennes. 2017; (36):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen E. Lam-González; Carmelo J. León; Matías M. González Hernández. 2017. "Determinantes de la satisfacción de los navegantes europeos con los puertos de escala de Canarias (España)." Études caribéennes , no. 36: 1.
El turismo náutico se considera un área de investigación poco abordada si se compara con la evolución empírica y las perspectivas de crecimiento que se le otorgan al sector. A pesar de los avances en la producción científi ca del cocimiento en turismo, los estudios referentes a la demanda de turismo náutico, sus percepciones y actitudes, aún se consideran escasos. El presente artículo aborda un análisis segmentado de las percepciones de los turistas náuticos durante su visita a las Islas Canarias y Marruecos entre los anos 2013 y 2014. Los resultados muestran que, aunque las intenciones futuras de estos turistas náuticos de volver a visitar y recomendar los destinos son positivas, sus expectativas con respecto a la oferta de actividades náutico-turísticas del destino no han sido cumplidas. Así mismo, el estudio empírico permite identifi car las principales debilidades de los destinos, desde la perspectiva de su demanda actual. Finalmente, el artículo demuestra que existen claras similitudes en el perfi l de los turistas náuticos que visitan ambas regiones, y que existe un potencial de mercado para la generación conjunta de productos y servicios transnacionales en turismo náutico, lo que constituye una prioridad para el sector público de ambas regiones.
Yen E. Lam-González; Carmelo J. León González; Javier De León Ledesma; José Andrés Dorta Velázquez. Las islas canarias y marruecos como destinos náuticos. Criterio Libre 2015, 13, 79 .
AMA StyleYen E. Lam-González, Carmelo J. León González, Javier De León Ledesma, José Andrés Dorta Velázquez. Las islas canarias y marruecos como destinos náuticos. Criterio Libre. 2015; 13 (23):79.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen E. Lam-González; Carmelo J. León González; Javier De León Ledesma; José Andrés Dorta Velázquez. 2015. "Las islas canarias y marruecos como destinos náuticos." Criterio Libre 13, no. 23: 79.
Purpose – Nautical tourism is considered to be an under-exploited research area, if we take into account its evolution and growth prospects. This lack of knowledge is probably one of the main reasons the sector has not reached its maximum. The present paper aims at exploring the European nautical tourists´ perceptions of image, in relation to the type of nautical sport they carry out and the type of nautical destination they visit. Methodology – The research was conducted in the Canary Islands and Morocco during 2013 and 2014. The sample covered 433 European nautical tourists pursuing different nautical sports and was organised into two groups. Structured questionnaires with personal interviews were implemented. Choosing a mature nautical destination and an emerging one enriched the comparative approach for the study. The findings indicate there are clearly similar profiles amongst the groups of tourists visiting both regions, and that the perceived image varies between a nautical tourist doing sailing and a nautical tourist motivated by other nautical sports. The data analysis reveals that perceptions also vary according to the more intensive and extensive use of the destinations. Originality – This empirical study provides useful insights into the demand for nautical tourism, the perceptions and evaluations of the ports and marinas as well as the destinations themselves, which can be used as a guide for the tourism industry managers and the Government Authorities to develop more effective marketing and positioning strategies. The study of the destination image in nautical tourism is a contribution to the progress beyond the state of the sector.
Yen E. Lam González; Javier De León Ledesma; Carmelo J. León González. European nautical tourists: exploring destination image perceptions. Tourism and hospitality management 2015, 21, 33 -49.
AMA StyleYen E. Lam González, Javier De León Ledesma, Carmelo J. León González. European nautical tourists: exploring destination image perceptions. Tourism and hospitality management. 2015; 21 (1):33-49.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYen E. Lam González; Javier De León Ledesma; Carmelo J. León González. 2015. "European nautical tourists: exploring destination image perceptions." Tourism and hospitality management 21, no. 1: 33-49.