This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Unclaimed
Ana Balseiro
Departamento de Sanidad Animal Facultad de Veterinaria Universidad de León (ULE) León Spain

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

The user biography is not available.
Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Journal article
Published: 05 July 2021 in Zoonoses and Public Health
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii which infects warm-blooded species worldwide. Humans can be infected through ingestion of tissue cysts from raw or undercooked meat, including game meat. A nationwide large-scale cross-sectional study was conducted to assess exposure to T. gondii in seven wild ruminant species in Spain. A total of 2,040 serum samples from 77 sampling sites randomly distributed in the five bioregions (BRs) covering mainland Spain were tested for antibodies against T. gondii using the modified agglutination test. The overall seroprevalence was 22.0% (449/2,040). Seroprevalence by species in decreasing order was as follows: 39.6% (141/356) in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), 37.1% (138/372) in fallow deer (Dama dama), 16.6% (92/553) in red deer (Cervus elaphus), 14.0% (26/186) in Southern chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica), 11.5% (24/209) in mouflon (Ovis aries musimon), 7.8% (27/346) in Iberian wild goat (Capra pyrenaica) and 5.6% (1/18) in Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia). Seropositivity was detected in 74.0% (57/77) of the sampling sites. Results indicate widespread but not homogeneous exposure to T. gondii in wild ruminant populations in Spain during the last two decades and highlight differences related to animal species and spatial distribution of these species in this country; this implies potential consequences of T. gondii for animal health, conservation and public health.

ACS Style

Sabrina Castro‐Scholten; David Cano‐Terriza; Saúl Jiménez‐Ruiz; Sonia Almería; María A. Risalde; Joaquín Vicente; Pelayo Acevedo; María C. Arnal; Ana Balseiro; Félix Gómez‐Guillamón; Fernando Escribano; María Puig‐Ribas; Jitender P. Dubey; Ignacio García‐Bocanegra. Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii in wild ruminants in Spain. Zoonoses and Public Health 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Sabrina Castro‐Scholten, David Cano‐Terriza, Saúl Jiménez‐Ruiz, Sonia Almería, María A. Risalde, Joaquín Vicente, Pelayo Acevedo, María C. Arnal, Ana Balseiro, Félix Gómez‐Guillamón, Fernando Escribano, María Puig‐Ribas, Jitender P. Dubey, Ignacio García‐Bocanegra. Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii in wild ruminants in Spain. Zoonoses and Public Health. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sabrina Castro‐Scholten; David Cano‐Terriza; Saúl Jiménez‐Ruiz; Sonia Almería; María A. Risalde; Joaquín Vicente; Pelayo Acevedo; María C. Arnal; Ana Balseiro; Félix Gómez‐Guillamón; Fernando Escribano; María Puig‐Ribas; Jitender P. Dubey; Ignacio García‐Bocanegra. 2021. "Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii in wild ruminants in Spain." Zoonoses and Public Health , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 12 May 2021 in Animals
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Paratuberculosis (PTB), a chronic granulomatous enteritis caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is responsible for important economic losses in the dairy industry. Our previous RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis showed that bovine intelectin 2 (ITLN2) precursor gene was overexpressed in ileocecal valve (ICV) samples of animals with focal (log2 fold-change = 10.6) and diffuse (log2 fold-change = 6.8) PTB-associated lesions compared to animals without lesions. This study analyzes the potential use of ITLN2, a protein that has been described as fundamental in the innate immune response to infections, as a biomarker of MAP infection. The presence of ITLN2 was investigated by quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of ICV samples of 20 Holstein Friesian cows showing focal (n = 5), multifocal (n = 5), diffuse (n = 5) and no histological lesions (n = 5). Significant differences were observed in the mean number of ITLN2 immunostained goblet and Paneth cells between the three histopathological types and the control. The number of immunolabelled cells was higher in the focal histopathological type (116.9 ± 113.9) followed by the multifocal (108.7 ± 140.5), diffuse (76.5 ± 97.8) and control types (41.0 ± 81.3). These results validate ITLN2 as a post-mortem biomarker of disease progression.

ACS Style

Cristina Blanco Vázquez; Ana Balseiro; Marta Alonso-Hearn; Ramón Juste; Natalia Iglesias; Maria Canive; Rosa Casais. Bovine Intelectin 2 Expression as a Biomarker of Paratuberculosis Disease Progression. Animals 2021, 11, 1370 .

AMA Style

Cristina Blanco Vázquez, Ana Balseiro, Marta Alonso-Hearn, Ramón Juste, Natalia Iglesias, Maria Canive, Rosa Casais. Bovine Intelectin 2 Expression as a Biomarker of Paratuberculosis Disease Progression. Animals. 2021; 11 (5):1370.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Blanco Vázquez; Ana Balseiro; Marta Alonso-Hearn; Ramón Juste; Natalia Iglesias; Maria Canive; Rosa Casais. 2021. "Bovine Intelectin 2 Expression as a Biomarker of Paratuberculosis Disease Progression." Animals 11, no. 5: 1370.

Journal article
Published: 30 April 2021 in Animals
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The present work investigated the prevalence, spatial distribution, and temporal distribution of tuberculosis (TB) in free-ranging Eurasian badgers (Meles meles) and cattle in Asturias (Atlantic Spain) during a 13-year follow-up. The study objective was to assess the role of badgers as a TB reservoir for cattle and other sympatric wild species in the region. Between 2008 and 2020, 673 badgers (98 trapped and 575 killed in road traffic accidents) in Asturias were necropsied, and their tissue samples were cultured for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) isolation. Serum samples were tested in an in-house indirect P22 ELISA to detect antibodies against the MTC. In parallel, data on MTC isolation and single intradermal tuberculin test results were extracted for cattle that were tested and culled as part of the Spanish National Program for the Eradication of Bovine TB. A total of 27/639 badgers (4.23%) were positive for MTC based on bacterial isolation, while 160/673 badgers (23.77%) were found to be positive with the P22 ELISA. The rate of seropositivity was higher among adult badgers than subadults. Badger TB status was spatially and temporally associated with cattle TB status. Our results cannot determine the direction of possible interspecies transmission, but they are consistent with the idea that the two hosts may exert infection pressure on each other. This study highlights the importance of the wildlife monitoring of infection and disease during epidemiological interventions in order to optimize outcomes.

ACS Style

Cristina Blanco Vázquez; Thiago Barral; Beatriz Romero; Manuel Queipo; Isabel Merediz; Pablo Quirós; José Armenteros; Ramón Juste; Lucas Domínguez; Mercedes Domínguez; Rosa Casais; Ana Balseiro. Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Infection in Eurasian Badger (Meles meles) and Cattle in Asturias, Spain. Animals 2021, 11, 1294 .

AMA Style

Cristina Blanco Vázquez, Thiago Barral, Beatriz Romero, Manuel Queipo, Isabel Merediz, Pablo Quirós, José Armenteros, Ramón Juste, Lucas Domínguez, Mercedes Domínguez, Rosa Casais, Ana Balseiro. Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Infection in Eurasian Badger (Meles meles) and Cattle in Asturias, Spain. Animals. 2021; 11 (5):1294.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Blanco Vázquez; Thiago Barral; Beatriz Romero; Manuel Queipo; Isabel Merediz; Pablo Quirós; José Armenteros; Ramón Juste; Lucas Domínguez; Mercedes Domínguez; Rosa Casais; Ana Balseiro. 2021. "Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Infection in Eurasian Badger (Meles meles) and Cattle in Asturias, Spain." Animals 11, no. 5: 1294.

Review
Published: 24 February 2021 in Veterinary Research
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Animal tuberculosis (TB) is a multi-host disease caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC). Due to its impact on economy, sanitary standards of milk and meat industry, public health and conservation, TB control is an actively ongoing research subject. Several wildlife species are involved in the maintenance and transmission of TB, so that new approaches to wildlife TB diagnosis have gained relevance in recent years. Diagnosis is a paramount step for screening, epidemiological investigation, as well as for ensuring the success of control strategies such as vaccination trials. This is the first review that systematically addresses data available for the diagnosis of TB in wildlife following the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The article also gives an overview of the factors related to host, environment, sampling, and diagnostic techniques which can affect test performance. After three screenings, 124 articles were considered for systematic review. Literature indicates that post-mortem examination and culture are useful methods for disease surveillance, but immunological diagnostic tests based on cellular and humoral immune response detection are gaining importance in wildlife TB diagnosis. Among them, serological tests are especially useful in wildlife because they are relatively inexpensive and easy to perform, facilitate large-scale surveillance and can be used both ante- and post-mortem. Currently available studies assessed test performance mostly in cervids, European badgers, wild suids and wild bovids. Research to improve diagnostic tests for wildlife TB diagnosis is still needed in order to reach accurate, rapid and cost-effective diagnostic techniques adequate to a broad range of target species and consistent over space and time to allow proper disease monitoring.

ACS Style

Jobin Thomas; Ana Balseiro; Christian Gortázar; María A. Risalde. Diagnosis of tuberculosis in wildlife: a systematic review. Veterinary Research 2021, 52, 1 -23.

AMA Style

Jobin Thomas, Ana Balseiro, Christian Gortázar, María A. Risalde. Diagnosis of tuberculosis in wildlife: a systematic review. Veterinary Research. 2021; 52 (1):1-23.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jobin Thomas; Ana Balseiro; Christian Gortázar; María A. Risalde. 2021. "Diagnosis of tuberculosis in wildlife: a systematic review." Veterinary Research 52, no. 1: 1-23.

Original article
Published: 13 September 2020 in Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
Reads 0
Downloads 0

A large‐scale study was carried out to determine the prevalence of antibodies against Pestivirus species in wild ruminants and describe their spatial variation in mainland Spain. Serum samples of 1,874 wild ruminants from different regions of this country were collected between the years 2000 and 2017. A total of 6.6% (123/1,874) animals showed antibodies against Pestivirus by both blocking ELISA (bELISA) and virus neutralization tests (VNT). The prevalence of antibodies against pestiviruses was different both among species and regions. Seroprevalence by species was 30.0% (75/250) in Southern chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica), 7.0% (25/357) in fallow deer (Dama dama), 2.5% (10/401) in red deer (Cervus elaphus), 2.4% (8/330) in Iberian wild goat (Capra pyrenaica), 1.1% (4/369) in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and 0.8% (1/130) in mouflon (Ovis aries musimon), not detecting seropositivity (0/37) in Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia). The results confirm that exposure to pestiviruses was detected throughout mainland Spain, with significantly higher seroprevalence in Northern regions associated with presence of Southern chamois. This indicates an endemic circulation of pestiviruses in Southern chamois and a limited circulation of these viruses in the remaining wild ruminant species during the last two decades, thus suggesting that non‐chamois species are not true Pestivirus reservoirs in Spain. Nonetheless, the high spatial spread of these viruses points out that new epidemic outbreaks in naïve wild ruminant populations or transmission to livestock may occur, evidencing the usefulness of monitoring pestiviruses in wild ruminants, especially at the wildlife‐livestock interface.

ACS Style

Saúl Jiménez‐Ruiz; Joaquín Vicente; Ignacio García‐Bocanegra; Óscar Cabezón; María Cruz Arnal; Ana Balseiro; Francisco Ruiz‐Fons; Félix Gómez‐Guillamón; Sonia Lázaro; Fernando Escribano; Pelayo Acevedo; Lucas Domínguez; Christian Gortázar; Daniel Fernández de Luco; María A. Risalde. Distribution of Pestivirus exposure in wild ruminants in Spain. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 2020, 68, 1577 -1585.

AMA Style

Saúl Jiménez‐Ruiz, Joaquín Vicente, Ignacio García‐Bocanegra, Óscar Cabezón, María Cruz Arnal, Ana Balseiro, Francisco Ruiz‐Fons, Félix Gómez‐Guillamón, Sonia Lázaro, Fernando Escribano, Pelayo Acevedo, Lucas Domínguez, Christian Gortázar, Daniel Fernández de Luco, María A. Risalde. Distribution of Pestivirus exposure in wild ruminants in Spain. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. 2020; 68 (3):1577-1585.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saúl Jiménez‐Ruiz; Joaquín Vicente; Ignacio García‐Bocanegra; Óscar Cabezón; María Cruz Arnal; Ana Balseiro; Francisco Ruiz‐Fons; Félix Gómez‐Guillamón; Sonia Lázaro; Fernando Escribano; Pelayo Acevedo; Lucas Domínguez; Christian Gortázar; Daniel Fernández de Luco; María A. Risalde. 2020. "Distribution of Pestivirus exposure in wild ruminants in Spain." Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 68, no. 3: 1577-1585.

Journal article
Published: 31 August 2020 in Animals
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This work summarizes the mortality cases of twenty-five free-ranging Eurasian wild brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) from the Cantabrian mountain range submitted for necropsy in Asturias and Castilla y León (northwestern Spain) from 1998 to 2018. Mortality cases were classified both caused by (i) "non-human intervention" or "human intervention” causes and based on (ii) "non-infectious" or "infectious" etiology. In four cases (16%) it was not possible to determine the cause of death due to the inadequate preservation of collected specimens or insufficient tissue availability. Based on "non-human intervention" or "human intervention” causes, fourteen of the 21 (66.7%) brown bears died as a consequence of "non-human intervention" due to traumatic lesions (fights, unknown traumas or infanticide), infectious canine hepatitis, neoplasia or mushroom poisoning. In contrast, seven (33.3%) brown bears died by “human intervention” due to illegal hunting (shooting or snare), handling (during transit in an attempt to reintroduce a bear back into the wild) or strychnine poisoning. Based on "non-infectious" or "infectious" etiology, twelve of the 21 (57.1%) brown bears died due to "non-infectious” causes, namely traumatic lesions such as shooting, snare, fighting or infanticide, handling, strychnine poisoning, mushroom poisoning or neoplasia. The remaining nine (42.9%) animals died due to “infectious” diseases which included gangrenous myositis, infectious canine hepatitis or septicemia. In six of those cases traumatic lesions caused by non-human or human activities were complicated with bacterial infection (clostridiosis and septicemia) which finally caused the death of those animals. Additionally, exertional myopathy was observed in the handled animal and in one bear found in a snare. In a free-ranging population of Eurasian brown bear from the Cantabrian mountain range, main causes of death are attributed to non-human related traumatic lesions and infectious diseases (primary developed such as infectious canine hepatitis or secondary developed such as clostridiosis or septicemia) which is in contrast to previously reported data for other bear populations. These data are valuable and may help in the conservation and management of this recovering population.

ACS Style

Ana Balseiro; Luis Royo; Elena Gayo; Ramón Balsera; Olga Alarcia; Juan García Marín. Mortality Causes in Free-Ranging Eurasian Brown Bears (Ursus arctos arctos) in Spain 1998–2018. Animals 2020, 10, 1538 .

AMA Style

Ana Balseiro, Luis Royo, Elena Gayo, Ramón Balsera, Olga Alarcia, Juan García Marín. Mortality Causes in Free-Ranging Eurasian Brown Bears (Ursus arctos arctos) in Spain 1998–2018. Animals. 2020; 10 (9):1538.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Balseiro; Luis Royo; Elena Gayo; Ramón Balsera; Olga Alarcia; Juan García Marín. 2020. "Mortality Causes in Free-Ranging Eurasian Brown Bears (Ursus arctos arctos) in Spain 1998–2018." Animals 10, no. 9: 1538.

Journal article
Published: 07 August 2020 in Animals
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Spanish goat encephalitis virus (SGEV), a novel subtype of tick-borne flavivirus closely related to louping ill virus, causes a neurological disease in experimentally infected goats and lambs. Here, the distribution of microglia, T and B lymphocytes, and astrocytes was determined in the encephalon and spinal cord of eight Assaf lambs subcutaneously infected with SGEV. Cells were identified based on immunohistochemical staining against Iba1 (microglia), CD3 (T lymphocytes), CD20 (B lymphocytes), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (astrocytes). In glial foci and perivascular cuffing areas, microglia were the most abundant cell type (45.4% of immunostained cells), followed by T lymphocytes (18.6%) and B lymphocytes (4.4%). Thalamus, hypothalamus, corpus callosum, and medulla oblongata contained the largest areas occupied by glial foci. Reactive astrogliosis occurred to a greater extent in the lumbosacral spinal cord than in other regions of the central nervous system. Lesions were more frequent on the side of the animal experimentally infected with the virus. Lesions were more severe in lambs than in goats, suggesting that lambs may be more susceptible to SGEV, which may be due to species differences or to interindividual differences in the immune response, rather than to differences in the relative proportions of immune cells. Larger studies that monitor natural or experimental infections may help clarify local immune responses to this flavivirus subtype in the central nervous system.

ACS Style

Ileana Z. Martínez; Claudia Pérez-Martínez; Luis M. Salinas; Ramón A. Juste; Juan F. García Marín; Ana Balseiro. Phenotypic Characterization of Encephalitis and Immune Response in the Brains of Lambs Experimentally Infected with Spanish Goat Encephalitis Virus. Animals 2020, 10, 1373 .

AMA Style

Ileana Z. Martínez, Claudia Pérez-Martínez, Luis M. Salinas, Ramón A. Juste, Juan F. García Marín, Ana Balseiro. Phenotypic Characterization of Encephalitis and Immune Response in the Brains of Lambs Experimentally Infected with Spanish Goat Encephalitis Virus. Animals. 2020; 10 (8):1373.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ileana Z. Martínez; Claudia Pérez-Martínez; Luis M. Salinas; Ramón A. Juste; Juan F. García Marín; Ana Balseiro. 2020. "Phenotypic Characterization of Encephalitis and Immune Response in the Brains of Lambs Experimentally Infected with Spanish Goat Encephalitis Virus." Animals 10, no. 8: 1373.

Journal article
Published: 06 July 2020 in Animals
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Sarcoptic mange is caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei and has been described in several species of domestic and wild mammals. Macroscopic lesions are predominantly hyperkeratotic (type I hypersensitivity) in fox, chamois and deer, but alopecic (type IV hypersensitivity) in wolf and some fox populations. To begin to understand the immune processes underlying these species differences in lesions, we examined skin biopsies from wolves (Canis lupus), foxes (Vulpes vulpes), chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) naturally infested with S. scabiei. Twenty skin samples from five animals per species were used. Sections were immuno-stained with primary antibodies against Iba1 to detect macrophages, lambda chain to detect plasma cells, CD3 to detect T lymphocytes and CD20 to detect B lymphocytes. Skin lesions contained significantly more inflammatory cells in the fox than in the wolf and chamois. Macrophages were the most abundant inflammatory cells in the lesions of all the species studied, suggesting a predominantly innate, non-specific immune response. Lesions from the wolf contained higher proportions of macrophages than the other species, which may reflect a more effective response, leading to alopecic lesions. In red deer, macrophages were significantly more abundant than plasma cells, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, which were similarly abundant. The fox proportion of plasma cells was significantly higher than those of T and B lymphocytes. In chamois, T lymphocytes were more abundant than B lymphocytes and plasma cells, although the differences were significant only in the case of macrophages. These results suggest that all the species examined mount a predominantly innate immune response against S. scabiei infestation, while fox and chamois may also mount substantial humoral and cellular immune responses, respectively, with apparently scarce effectiveness that lead to hyperkeratotic lesions.

ACS Style

Ileana Z. Martínez; Álvaro Oleaga; Irene Sojo; María José García-Iglesias; Claudia Pérez-Martínez; Juan F. García Marín; Ana Balseiro. Immunohistochemical Assessment of Immune Response in the Dermis of Sarcoptes scabiei—Infested Wild Carnivores (Wolf and Fox) and Ruminants (Chamois and Red Deer). Animals 2020, 10, 1146 .

AMA Style

Ileana Z. Martínez, Álvaro Oleaga, Irene Sojo, María José García-Iglesias, Claudia Pérez-Martínez, Juan F. García Marín, Ana Balseiro. Immunohistochemical Assessment of Immune Response in the Dermis of Sarcoptes scabiei—Infested Wild Carnivores (Wolf and Fox) and Ruminants (Chamois and Red Deer). Animals. 2020; 10 (7):1146.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ileana Z. Martínez; Álvaro Oleaga; Irene Sojo; María José García-Iglesias; Claudia Pérez-Martínez; Juan F. García Marín; Ana Balseiro. 2020. "Immunohistochemical Assessment of Immune Response in the Dermis of Sarcoptes scabiei—Infested Wild Carnivores (Wolf and Fox) and Ruminants (Chamois and Red Deer)." Animals 10, no. 7: 1146.

Preprint content
Published: 30 June 2020
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Background: This work summarizes the mortality cases of twenty-five free-ranging Eurasian wild brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) from the Cantabrian mountain range submitted for necropsy in Asturias and Castilla y León (northwestern Spain) from ' 1998 to 2018'. Results: Causes of death were classified both caused by (i) "human intervention" or "natural causes" and based on (ii) "infectious" or "non-infectious" etiology. In four cases (16%) it was not possible to determine the cause of death due to the inadequate preservation of collected specimens or insufficient tissue availability. Based on "human intervention" or "natural causes", seven out of the 21 (33.3%) brown bears in which the cause of death could be determined died as a consequence of "human intervention" due to illegal hunting (shooting or snare), handling or strychnine poisoning. In contrast, fourteen (66.7%) brown bears died by "natural causes" due to traumatic lesions (fights, unknown traumas or infanticide), infectious canine hepatitis, neoplasia, or mushroom poisoning. Based on "infectious" or "non-infectious" etiology nine out of the 21 (42.9%) brown bears died due to "infectious diseases", namely gangrenous myositis, infectious canine hepatitis or septicemia. The remaining twelve (57.1%) animals died due to "non-infectious" causes, which included handling, traumatic lesions such as shooting, snare, fighting or infanticide, strychnine poisoning, mushroom poisoning or neoplasia. In six of those cases traumatic lesions caused by human activities or by natural causes were complicated with bacterial infection (clostridiosis and septicemia) which finally caused the death of those animals. Additionally, exertional myopathy was observed in the handled animal and in one bear found in a snare. Conclusions: In a non-hunted population of Eurasian brown bear from the Cantabrian mountain range, main cause of death is attributed to “natural causes” mostly due to traumatic lesions and infectious diseases (primary developed such as infectious canine hepatitis or secondary developed such as clostridiosis or septicemia) which is in contrast to previously reported data for other bear populations.These data are valuable and may help in the conservation and management of this recovering population.

ACS Style

Ana Balseiro; Luis José Royo; Elena Gayo; Ramón Balsera; Olga Alarcia; Juan Francisco García Marín. Mortality in free-ranging Eurasian brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) in Spain '1998-2018'. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Ana Balseiro, Luis José Royo, Elena Gayo, Ramón Balsera, Olga Alarcia, Juan Francisco García Marín. Mortality in free-ranging Eurasian brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) in Spain '1998-2018'. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Balseiro; Luis José Royo; Elena Gayo; Ramón Balsera; Olga Alarcia; Juan Francisco García Marín. 2020. "Mortality in free-ranging Eurasian brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) in Spain '1998-2018'." , no. : 1.

Review
Published: 15 June 2020 in Pathogens
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Vaccination with Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) constituted a major advance in the prevention of human tuberculosis (TB) in the beginning of the past century. BCG has also a clear potential for use in animals and, in particular, in the main domestic species subjected to TB control programs, cattle. Nowadays, the use of BCG vaccination against TB in cattle is not permitted by European Union legislation because BCG can induce a cellular immune response producing diagnostic interference in the eradication programs based on tuberculin single and comparative intradermal tests imposed worldwide. In this review we recall the history of TB vaccination as well as different vaccine trials and the response to vaccination in both domestic and wild animals. Promising potential inactivated vaccines are also reviewed. Research studies are mainly focused to improve vaccine efficacy, and at the same time to ensure its easy administration, safety and stability in the environment. Great challenges remain, particularly in terms of vaccine candidates and also in the acceptance of vaccination. Vaccination should be included in a strategic plan for integrated control of TB under a “one health” perspective, which also includes other measures such as improved biosafety on farms to avoid or decrease contact between domestic and wild animals or control of wildlife reservoirs to avoid overabundance that may favor infection maintenance.

ACS Style

Ana Balseiro; Jobin Thomas; Christian Gortázar; María A. Risalde. Development and Challenges in Animal Tuberculosis Vaccination. Pathogens 2020, 9, 472 .

AMA Style

Ana Balseiro, Jobin Thomas, Christian Gortázar, María A. Risalde. Development and Challenges in Animal Tuberculosis Vaccination. Pathogens. 2020; 9 (6):472.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Balseiro; Jobin Thomas; Christian Gortázar; María A. Risalde. 2020. "Development and Challenges in Animal Tuberculosis Vaccination." Pathogens 9, no. 6: 472.

Journal article
Published: 09 June 2020 in Pathogens
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Tuberculosis (TB) vaccination could be used as a key part of integrated strategies for the disease’s control if an effective and safe vaccine under field conditions is obtained. Recent studies in Spain have evaluated the protective efficacy of two oral vaccines against experimental challenge with live intra-bronchial Mycobacterium bovis in captive badgers: the live-attenuated M. bovis BCG vaccine (Danish strain) and a heat-inactivated M. bovis (HIMB) vaccine. With the objective of increasing the knowledge of the cellular development progress of infection and generating further tools to discriminate between mild and severe TB lesions between and within animals, the immunopathology of tuberculous lesions was studied to characterize the local immune response (cell type profile) within lung granulomas from control (non-vaccinated), BCG vaccinated and HIMB-vaccinated experimentally infected badgers with M. bovis. Four immunohistochemical protocols, for the specific detection of macrophages, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and plasma cells within TB granulomas in formalin fixed sections of the right middle lung lobe (lobe targeted for the M. bovis delivery), were performed. Immunolabelled sections were scanned and five randomly selected areas were analyzed with digital image analysis software. The results were expressed as the proportion of the positively immunolabelled area within the total area of the selected site. Data was analyzed using the statistical analysis software (SAS). In the three treatment groups, macrophages were the most abundant inflammatory cells within the granulomas, followed by B lymphocytes and plasma cells. T lymphocyes were absent in those granulomas. This would suggest a predominance of a non-specific innate response mediated by phagocytic cells over an adaptative humoral immune response. The proportion of macrophages and plasma cells was higher in BCG and HIMB-vaccinated badgers, respectively, suggesting the establishment of an adaptative humoral response in HIMB-vaccinated badgers. The lower bacterial load at the lung level, as well as the volume of lesions in lungs using magnetic resonance imaging in badgers with the HIMB vaccine in relation with local immune response presented, must be highlighted, since it would be an advantage in favor of its use under field conditions in terms of reducing TB transmission and environmental contamination.

ACS Style

Cristina Blanco Vázquez; Miguel Prieto; Marta Barral; Ramón Antonio Juste; Sandrine Lesellier; Francisco Javier Salguero; Dipesh Davé; Ileana Zorhaya Martínez; María Gracia De Garnica García; Rosa Casais; Ana Balseiro. Local Lung Immune Response to Mycobacterium bovis Challenge after BCG and M. bovis Heat-Inactivated Vaccination in European Badger (Meles meles). Pathogens 2020, 9, 456 .

AMA Style

Cristina Blanco Vázquez, Miguel Prieto, Marta Barral, Ramón Antonio Juste, Sandrine Lesellier, Francisco Javier Salguero, Dipesh Davé, Ileana Zorhaya Martínez, María Gracia De Garnica García, Rosa Casais, Ana Balseiro. Local Lung Immune Response to Mycobacterium bovis Challenge after BCG and M. bovis Heat-Inactivated Vaccination in European Badger (Meles meles). Pathogens. 2020; 9 (6):456.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Blanco Vázquez; Miguel Prieto; Marta Barral; Ramón Antonio Juste; Sandrine Lesellier; Francisco Javier Salguero; Dipesh Davé; Ileana Zorhaya Martínez; María Gracia De Garnica García; Rosa Casais; Ana Balseiro. 2020. "Local Lung Immune Response to Mycobacterium bovis Challenge after BCG and M. bovis Heat-Inactivated Vaccination in European Badger (Meles meles)." Pathogens 9, no. 6: 456.

Preprint content
Published: 29 April 2020
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Background: This work summarizes the mortality cases of twenty-five free-ranging Eurasian wild brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) from the Cantabrian mountain range submitted for necropsy in Asturias and Castilla y León (northwestern Spain) from “1998 to 2018”. Results: Causes of death were classified both based on (i) infectious or non infectious etiology and (ii) caused by “human intervention” or “natural causes”. In four cases (16%) it was not possible to determine the cause of death due to the inadequate preservation of collected specimens or insufficient tissue availability. Some bears died from a combination of human activities or natural trauma and secondary bacterial infection (i.e. clostridiosis). Based on infectious or non infectious etiology nine out of the 21 (42.9%) brown bears in which the cause of death could be determined died due to infectious diseases, namely gangrenous myositis, infectious canine hepatitis or septicemia. The remaining twelve (57.1%) animals died due to non infectious causes, which included handling, traumatic lesions such as shooting, snare, fighting or infanticide, strychnine poisoning, mushroom poisoning or neoplasia. Exertional myopathy was additionally observed in the handled animal and in one bear found in a snare. Mortality data was also stratified by deaths caused by “human intervention” or “natural causes”. Seven out of the 21 (33.3%) brown bears died as a consequence of “human intervention” due to illegal hunting (shooting or snare), handling or strychnine poisoning. In contrast, fourteen (66.7%) brown bears died by “natural causes” due to traumatic lesions (fights, traumas, or infanticide), infectious canine hepatitis, neoplasia or mushroom poisoning. In four cases traumatic lesions were complicated with clostridiosis which finally caused the death of those animals. Two additional bears showed septicemia and gangrenous myositis secondary to fighting. Another two animals developed exertional myopathy.Conclusions: In a non-hunted population of Eurasian brown bear from the Cantabrian mountain range, main cause of death is attributed to “natural causes” mostly due to traumatic lesions and infectious diseases (primary or secondary developed) which is in contrast to previously reported data for other bear populations. These data are valuable and may help in the conservation and management of this recovering population.

ACS Style

Ana Balseiro; Luis José Royo; Elena Gayo; Ramón Balsera; Olga Alarcia; Juan Francisco García Marín. Mortality in free-ranging Eurasian brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) in Spain “1998-2018”. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Ana Balseiro, Luis José Royo, Elena Gayo, Ramón Balsera, Olga Alarcia, Juan Francisco García Marín. Mortality in free-ranging Eurasian brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) in Spain “1998-2018”. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Balseiro; Luis José Royo; Elena Gayo; Ramón Balsera; Olga Alarcia; Juan Francisco García Marín. 2020. "Mortality in free-ranging Eurasian brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) in Spain “1998-2018”." , no. : 1.

Author correction
Published: 21 February 2020 in Scientific Reports
Reads 0
Downloads 0

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

ACS Style

Rosa Casais; Asier R. Larrinaga; Kevin P. Dalton; Paula Domínguez Lapido; Isabel Márquez; Eloy Bécares; E. Davis Carter; Matthew J. Gray; Debra L. Miller; Ana Balseiro. Author Correction: Water sports could contribute to the translocation of ranaviruses. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 1 -1.

AMA Style

Rosa Casais, Asier R. Larrinaga, Kevin P. Dalton, Paula Domínguez Lapido, Isabel Márquez, Eloy Bécares, E. Davis Carter, Matthew J. Gray, Debra L. Miller, Ana Balseiro. Author Correction: Water sports could contribute to the translocation of ranaviruses. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):1-1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rosa Casais; Asier R. Larrinaga; Kevin P. Dalton; Paula Domínguez Lapido; Isabel Márquez; Eloy Bécares; E. Davis Carter; Matthew J. Gray; Debra L. Miller; Ana Balseiro. 2020. "Author Correction: Water sports could contribute to the translocation of ranaviruses." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 1-1.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2020 in Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Spanish goat encephalitis virus (SGEV) is a novel tick-borne flavivirus subtype, closely related to the flavivirus louping ill virus (LIV). SGEV caused a severe, acute and mortal neurological disease outbreak in northern Spain in a goat herd. In order to characterize the cell population in lesions and to determine the distribution of the inflammatory cells, central nervous system (CNS) samples of nine female Alpine goats challenged subcutaneously with SGEV over the right thorax behind the elbow were evaluated using immunohistochemistry (microglia-Iba1, T lymphocytes-CD3, B lymphocytes-CD20 and astrocytes-GFAP). The number of microglia (37.8 %) and T lymphocytes (21.5 %) was greater than the number of B lymphocytes (16.8 %). Goats were classified into clusters based on the severity of histological lesions in CNS (A-mild to moderate lesions and B-severe lesions). Microglia was significantly more abundant than T and B lymphocytes in cluster B (severe lesions). The total area occupied by glial foci revealed that medulla oblongata and spinal cord were the most affected tissues. Astrogliosis (GFAP+) was present in the majority of the CNS sections being near to the pial surface. The lesion predominance on the right side of the medulla oblongata, which could be associated to the site of challenge suggestive of neurotropic route was also statistically confirmed. Results suggest that the cellular immune response would be the most important response to the SGEV infection.

ACS Style

Ileana Z. Martínez; Claudia Pérez-Martínez; Luis M. Salinas; Juan F. García-Marín; Ramón A. Juste; Ana Balseiro. Phenotypic characterization of encephalitis in the brains of goats experimentally infected with Spanish Goat Encephalitis Virus. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 2020, 220, 109978 .

AMA Style

Ileana Z. Martínez, Claudia Pérez-Martínez, Luis M. Salinas, Juan F. García-Marín, Ramón A. Juste, Ana Balseiro. Phenotypic characterization of encephalitis in the brains of goats experimentally infected with Spanish Goat Encephalitis Virus. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology. 2020; 220 ():109978.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ileana Z. Martínez; Claudia Pérez-Martínez; Luis M. Salinas; Juan F. García-Marín; Ramón A. Juste; Ana Balseiro. 2020. "Phenotypic characterization of encephalitis in the brains of goats experimentally infected with Spanish Goat Encephalitis Virus." Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 220, no. : 109978.

Preprint content
Published: 23 January 2020
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Background This work summarizes the confirmed causes of death of twenty-five free-ranging Eurasian brown bears ( Ursus arctos arctos ) from the Cantabrian mountain range submitted for necropsy in Asturias and Castilla y León (northwestern Spain) from 1998 to 2018. Results Causes of death were classified based on (i) pathological findings and (ii) caused by “human intervention” or “non human intervention”. In four cases (16%) it was not possible to determine the cause of death due to the bad preservation of found remains or insufficient tissue availability. Based on pathological findings seven out of the 21 (33.3%) brown bears in which the cause of death could be determined died due to infectious diseases (clostridiosis n =4 or infectious canine hepatitis n =3), two (9.5%) due to exertional (degenerative) myopathy (one of those bears also showed clostridiosis) and one due to strychnine poisoning (4.8%), neoplasia (4.8%) or mushroom poisoning (4.8%). The remaining animals died due to traumatic lesions (including fights or infanticide), shooting or wire snare. Mortality data was also classified by deaths caused by “human intervention” or “non human intervention”. The death of one bear showing exertional myopathy after handling was not ascribed to any of the former classifications. Six out of the 20 (30%) brown bears died as a consequence of “human intervention” due to illegal hunting (wire snare hunting n =3 or shooting n =2) and, strychnine poisoning ( n =1). In contrast, fourteen (14/20, 70%) brown bears died by “non-human intervention”; nine of them (9/20, 45%) due to traumatic lesions (fights n =4, traumas n =3 or infanticide n =2), three (3/20, 15%) due to infectious canine hepatitis caused by canine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) infection, one (1/20, 5%) due to cholangiocarcinoma and another one (5%) due to mushroom poisoning. Conclusions This study shows that the main causes of death in Eurasian brown bears are those caused by infectious diseases. In contrast to previous data on free-ranging bears for the first time infectious diseases appear as an important cause of death. These data are valuable and may help in the conservation and management of this recovering population.

ACS Style

Ana Balseiro; Luis José Royo; Elena Gayo; Ramón Balsera; Olga Alarcia; Juan Francisco García Marín. Mortality in free-ranging Eurasian brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) in Spain (1998-2018). 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Ana Balseiro, Luis José Royo, Elena Gayo, Ramón Balsera, Olga Alarcia, Juan Francisco García Marín. Mortality in free-ranging Eurasian brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) in Spain (1998-2018). . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Balseiro; Luis José Royo; Elena Gayo; Ramón Balsera; Olga Alarcia; Juan Francisco García Marín. 2020. "Mortality in free-ranging Eurasian brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) in Spain (1998-2018)." , no. : 1.

Short communication
Published: 13 January 2020 in Research in Veterinary Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Recent studies show that sheep could be considered to be a maintenance host for the causative agents of animal tuberculosis (TB). The performance of diagnostic tests is not well established, and new tests need to be developed for this species. In addition, information about TB prevalence in sheep is scarce. Our objectives were to evaluate a new P22 ELISA for detection of specific antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MTC), and to assess the seropositivity in 3998 sheep from herds sampled in TB hotspot areas of northern Atlantic Spain with a low TB prevalence in cattle. Results based on 80 sheep of known infection status suggest excellent sensitivity and specificity (100% and 98%, respectively) even in a M. avium susbsp. paratuberculosis infected flock. The observed TB seroprevalence was 17.96% (698/3998; CI95% 16.31–18.67). Our results indicate that the P22 ELISA may constitute a good option for TB screening at the herd level in sheep, and that sheep are an important host and control programs should be implemented at least in hotspots or when cohabiting with other TB-infected species, i.e. cattle and goats.

ACS Style

José Antonio Infantes-Lorenzo; Christian Gortázar; Lucas Domínguez; Marta Muñoz-Mendoza; Mercedes Domínguez; Ana Balseiro. Serological technique for detecting tuberculosis prevalence in sheep in Atlantic Spain. Research in Veterinary Science 2020, 129, 96 -98.

AMA Style

José Antonio Infantes-Lorenzo, Christian Gortázar, Lucas Domínguez, Marta Muñoz-Mendoza, Mercedes Domínguez, Ana Balseiro. Serological technique for detecting tuberculosis prevalence in sheep in Atlantic Spain. Research in Veterinary Science. 2020; 129 ():96-98.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Antonio Infantes-Lorenzo; Christian Gortázar; Lucas Domínguez; Marta Muñoz-Mendoza; Mercedes Domínguez; Ana Balseiro. 2020. "Serological technique for detecting tuberculosis prevalence in sheep in Atlantic Spain." Research in Veterinary Science 129, no. : 96-98.

Journal article
Published: 10 December 2019 in Pathogens
Reads 0
Downloads 0

We provide a temporal overview (from 2012 to 2018) of the outcomes of tuberculosis (TB) in the cattle and badger populations in a hot-spot in Asturias (Atlantic Spain). We also study the badger’s spatial ecology from an epidemiological perspective in order to describe hazardous behavior in relation to TB transmission between cattle and badgers. Culture and single intradermal tuberculin test (SITT) were available for cattle as part of the National Program for the Eradication of TB. A field survey was also carried out in order to determine the paddocks and buildings used by each farm, and the information obtained was stored by using geographic information systems. Moreover, eighty-three badgers were submitted for necropsy and subsequent bacteriological studies. Ten badgers were also tracked, using global positioning system (GPS) collars. The prevalence of TB in cattle herds in the hot-spot increased from 2.2% in 2012 to 20% in 2016; it then declined to 0.0% in 2018. In contrast, the TB prevalence in badgers increased notably (from 5.55% in 2012–2015 to 10.64% in 2016–2018). Both cattle and badgers shared the same strain of Mycobacterium bovis. The collared badgers preferred paddocks used by TB-positive herds in spring and summer (when they were more active). The males occupied larger home ranges than the females (Khr95: males 149.78 ± 25.84 ha and females 73.37 ± 22.91 ha; Kcr50: males 29.83 ± 5.69 ha and females 13.59 ± 5.00 ha), and the home ranges were smaller in autumn and winter than in summer. The averages of the index of daily and maximum distances traveled by badgers were 1.88 ± (SD) 1.20 km and 1.99 ± 0.71 km, respectively. One of them presented a dispersive behavior with a maximum range of 18.3 km. The most preferred habitat was apple orchards in all seasons, with the exception of winter, in which they preferred pastures. Land uses and landscape structure, which have been linked with certain livestock-management practices, provide a scenario of great potential for badger–cattle interactions, thus enhancing the importance of the badgers’ ecology, which could potentially transmit TB back to cattle in the future.

ACS Style

Pelayo Acevedo; Miguel Prieto; Pablo Quirós; Isabel Merediz; Lucía De Juan; Jose Antonio Infantes-Lorenzo; Roxana Triguero-Ocaña; Ana Balseiro. Tuberculosis Epidemiology and Badger (Meles meles) Spatial Ecology in a Hot-Spot Area in Atlantic Spain. Pathogens 2019, 8, 292 .

AMA Style

Pelayo Acevedo, Miguel Prieto, Pablo Quirós, Isabel Merediz, Lucía De Juan, Jose Antonio Infantes-Lorenzo, Roxana Triguero-Ocaña, Ana Balseiro. Tuberculosis Epidemiology and Badger (Meles meles) Spatial Ecology in a Hot-Spot Area in Atlantic Spain. Pathogens. 2019; 8 (4):292.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pelayo Acevedo; Miguel Prieto; Pablo Quirós; Isabel Merediz; Lucía De Juan; Jose Antonio Infantes-Lorenzo; Roxana Triguero-Ocaña; Ana Balseiro. 2019. "Tuberculosis Epidemiology and Badger (Meles meles) Spatial Ecology in a Hot-Spot Area in Atlantic Spain." Pathogens 8, no. 4: 292.

Short communication
Published: 05 November 2019 in Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The occurrence and molecular diversity of the Stramenopile eukaryote Blastocystis sp. was investigated by PCR and sequencing (Sanger and NGS) methods in 380 faecal specimens of free‐living carnivores in Spain. Blastocystis sp. was confirmed in 1.6% (6/380) of the specimens analysed. Two samples from a common genet and a fox were successfully subtyped as ST7 by Sanger. Using NGS, ST14 was found in a fox and a European polecat, ST7 in a fox, and two additional foxes presented mixed infections of ST1/ST2/ST4 and ST1/ST2/ST7, respectively. Wild carnivore species could act as carriers of zoonotic Blastocystis subtypes.

ACS Style

Rafael Calero Bernal; Mónica Santín; Jenny G. Maloney; Manuel Martín‐Pérez; Miguel A. Habela; José L. Fernández‐García; Ana Figueiredo; Fernando Nájera; María J. Palacios; Marta Mateo; Ana Balseiro; Marta Barral; José F. Lima‐Barberoi; Pamela C. Köster; David Carmena. Blastocystis sp. Subtype Diversity in Wild Carnivore Species from Spain. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 2019, 67, 273 -278.

AMA Style

Rafael Calero Bernal, Mónica Santín, Jenny G. Maloney, Manuel Martín‐Pérez, Miguel A. Habela, José L. Fernández‐García, Ana Figueiredo, Fernando Nájera, María J. Palacios, Marta Mateo, Ana Balseiro, Marta Barral, José F. Lima‐Barberoi, Pamela C. Köster, David Carmena. Blastocystis sp. Subtype Diversity in Wild Carnivore Species from Spain. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 2019; 67 (2):273-278.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rafael Calero Bernal; Mónica Santín; Jenny G. Maloney; Manuel Martín‐Pérez; Miguel A. Habela; José L. Fernández‐García; Ana Figueiredo; Fernando Nájera; María J. Palacios; Marta Mateo; Ana Balseiro; Marta Barral; José F. Lima‐Barberoi; Pamela C. Köster; David Carmena. 2019. "Blastocystis sp. Subtype Diversity in Wild Carnivore Species from Spain." Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 67, no. 2: 273-278.

Journal article
Published: 16 October 2019 in Scientific Reports
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Paratuberculosis is chronic granulomatous enteritis of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Whole RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) is a promising source of novel biomarkers for early MAP infection and disease progression in cattle. Since the blood transcriptome is widely used as a source of biomarkers, we analyzed whether it recapitulates, at least in part, the transcriptome of the ileocecal valve (ICV), the primary site of MAP colonization. Total RNA was prepared from peripheral blood (PB) and ICV samples, and RNA-Seq was used to compare gene expression between animals with focal or diffuse histopathological lesions in gut tissues versus control animals with no detectable signs of infection. Our results demonstrated both shared, and PB and ICV-specific gene expression in response to a natural MAP infection. As expected, the number of differentially expressed (DE) genes was larger in the ICV than in the PB samples. Among the DE genes in the PB and ICV samples, there were some common genes irrespective of the type of lesion including the C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8/IL8), apolipoprotein L (APOLD1), and the interferon inducible protein 27 (IFI27). The biological processes (BP) enriched in the PB gene expression profiles from the cows with diffuse lesions included the killing of cells of other organism, defense response, immune response and the regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis. Two of these BP, the defense and immune response, were also enriched in the ICV from the cows with diffuse lesions. Metabolic analysis of the DE genes revealed that the N-glycan biosynthesis, bile secretion, one-carbon pool by folate and purine metabolism were significantly enriched in the ICV from the cows with focal lesions. In the ICV from cows with diffuse lesions; the valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation route, purine metabolism, vitamin digestion and absorption and the cholesterol routes were enriched. Some of the identified DE genes, BP and metabolic pathways will be studied further to develop novel diagnostic tools, vaccines and immunotherapeutics.

ACS Style

Marta Alonso-Hearn; Maria Canive; Cristina Blanco-Vazquez; Rosana Torremocha; Ana Balseiro; Javier Amado; Endika Varela; Ricardo Ramos; Begoña M. Jugo; Rosa Casais. RNA-Seq analysis of ileocecal valve and peripheral blood from Holstein cattle infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis revealed dysregulation of the CXCL8/IL8 signaling pathway. Scientific Reports 2019, 9, 14845 -17.

AMA Style

Marta Alonso-Hearn, Maria Canive, Cristina Blanco-Vazquez, Rosana Torremocha, Ana Balseiro, Javier Amado, Endika Varela, Ricardo Ramos, Begoña M. Jugo, Rosa Casais. RNA-Seq analysis of ileocecal valve and peripheral blood from Holstein cattle infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis revealed dysregulation of the CXCL8/IL8 signaling pathway. Scientific Reports. 2019; 9 (1):14845-17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marta Alonso-Hearn; Maria Canive; Cristina Blanco-Vazquez; Rosana Torremocha; Ana Balseiro; Javier Amado; Endika Varela; Ricardo Ramos; Begoña M. Jugo; Rosa Casais. 2019. "RNA-Seq analysis of ileocecal valve and peripheral blood from Holstein cattle infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis revealed dysregulation of the CXCL8/IL8 signaling pathway." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1: 14845-17.

Journal article
Published: 28 May 2019 in Scientific Reports
Reads 0
Downloads 0

We combine model results with field data for a system of wolves (Canis lupus) that prey on wild boar (Sus scrofa), a wildlife reservoir of tuberculosis, to examine how predation may contribute to disease control in multi-host systems. Results show that predation can lead to a marked reduction in the prevalence of infection without leading to a reduction in host population density since mortality due to predation can be compensated by a reduction in disease induced mortality. A key finding therefore is that a population that harbours a virulent infection can be regulated at a similar density by disease at high prevalence or by predation at low prevalence. Predators may therefore provide a key ecosystem service which should be recognised when considering human-carnivore conflicts and the conservation and re-establishment of carnivore populations.

ACS Style

E. Tanner; A. White; P. Acevedo; A. Balseiro; J. Marcos; C. Gortázar. Wolves contribute to disease control in a multi-host system. Scientific Reports 2019, 9, 7940 .

AMA Style

E. Tanner, A. White, P. Acevedo, A. Balseiro, J. Marcos, C. Gortázar. Wolves contribute to disease control in a multi-host system. Scientific Reports. 2019; 9 (1):7940.

Chicago/Turabian Style

E. Tanner; A. White; P. Acevedo; A. Balseiro; J. Marcos; C. Gortázar. 2019. "Wolves contribute to disease control in a multi-host system." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1: 7940.