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Ana Filipa Silva; Ludovic Seifert; Ricardo Fernandes; João Paulo Vilas-Boas; Pedro Figueiredo. Front crawl swimming coordination: a systematic review. Front crawl swimming coordination: a systematic review 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleAna Filipa Silva, Ludovic Seifert, Ricardo Fernandes, João Paulo Vilas-Boas, Pedro Figueiredo. Front crawl swimming coordination: a systematic review. Front crawl swimming coordination: a systematic review. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Filipa Silva; Ludovic Seifert; Ricardo Fernandes; João Paulo Vilas-Boas; Pedro Figueiredo. 2021. "Front crawl swimming coordination: a systematic review." Front crawl swimming coordination: a systematic review , no. : 1.
This case study explored how spatiotemporal data can develop key metrics to evaluate and understand elite soccer referees’ performance during one elite soccer match. The dynamic position of players from both teams, the ball and three elite referees allowed to capture the following performance metrics: (i) assistant referees: alignment with the second last defender; (ii) referee: referee diagonal movement—a position density was computed and a principal component analysis was carried to identify the directions of greatest variability; and (iii) referee: assessing the distance from the referee to the ball. All computations were processed when the ball was in-play and separated by 1st and 2nd halves. The first metric showed an alignment lower than 1 m between the assistant referee and the second last defender. The second metric showed that in the 1st half, the referee position ellipsis area was 548 m2, which increased during the 2nd half (671 m2). The third metric showed an increase in the distance from the referee to the ball and >80% of the distance between 5–30 m during the 2nd half. The findings may be used as a starting point to elaborate normative behavior models from the referee’s movement performance in soccer.
Bruno Gonçalves; Diogo Coutinho; Bruno Travassos; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo. Match Analysis of Soccer Refereeing Using Spatiotemporal Data: A Case Study. Sensors 2021, 21, 2541 .
AMA StyleBruno Gonçalves, Diogo Coutinho, Bruno Travassos, João Brito, Pedro Figueiredo. Match Analysis of Soccer Refereeing Using Spatiotemporal Data: A Case Study. Sensors. 2021; 21 (7):2541.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBruno Gonçalves; Diogo Coutinho; Bruno Travassos; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo. 2021. "Match Analysis of Soccer Refereeing Using Spatiotemporal Data: A Case Study." Sensors 21, no. 7: 2541.
This study aimed to investigate how skeletal muscle attenuation and adipose tissue (AT) attenuation of the quadriceps, hamstrings, paraspinal muscle groups and the psoas muscle vary according to the targeted muscles, sex, and age. Population-based cross-sectional study. Community-dwelling old population in Reykjavik, Iceland. A total of 5331 older adults (42.8% women), aged 66–96 years from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)- Reykjavik Study, who participated in the baseline visit (between 2002 and 2006) and had valid thigh and abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans were studied. Muscle attenuation and AT attenuation of the quadriceps, hamstrings, paraspinal muscle groups and the psoas muscle were determined using CT. Linear mixed model analysis of variance was performed for each sex, with skeletal muscle or AT attenuation as the dependent variable. Muscle attenuation decreased, and AT attenuation increased with age in both sexes, and these differences were specific for each muscle, although not in all age groups. Age-related differences in muscle and AT attenuation varied with specific muscle. In general, for both sexes, skeletal muscle attenuation of the hamstrings declined more than average with age. Men and women displayed a different pattern in the age differences in AT attenuation for each muscle. Our data support the hypotheses that skeletal muscle attenuation decreases, and AT attenuation increases with aging. In addition, our data add new evidence, supporting that age-related differences in skeletal muscle and AT attenuation vary between muscles.
Pedro Figueiredo; Elisa A. Marques; Vilmundur Gudnason; Thomas Lang; Sigurdur Sigurdsson; Palmi V. Jonsson; Thor Aspelund; Kristin Siggeirsdottir; Lenore Launer; Gudny Eiriksdottir; Tamara B. Harris. Computed tomography-based skeletal muscle and adipose tissue attenuation: Variations by age, sex, and muscle. Experimental Gerontology 2021, 149, 111306 .
AMA StylePedro Figueiredo, Elisa A. Marques, Vilmundur Gudnason, Thomas Lang, Sigurdur Sigurdsson, Palmi V. Jonsson, Thor Aspelund, Kristin Siggeirsdottir, Lenore Launer, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Tamara B. Harris. Computed tomography-based skeletal muscle and adipose tissue attenuation: Variations by age, sex, and muscle. Experimental Gerontology. 2021; 149 ():111306.
Chicago/Turabian StylePedro Figueiredo; Elisa A. Marques; Vilmundur Gudnason; Thomas Lang; Sigurdur Sigurdsson; Palmi V. Jonsson; Thor Aspelund; Kristin Siggeirsdottir; Lenore Launer; Gudny Eiriksdottir; Tamara B. Harris. 2021. "Computed tomography-based skeletal muscle and adipose tissue attenuation: Variations by age, sex, and muscle." Experimental Gerontology 149, no. : 111306.
Pedro Brito; Júlio Costa; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo. Simulated Soccer Games Protocols: What we Know so far—A Systematic Review. Simulated Soccer Games Protocols: What we Know so far—A Systematic Review 2021, 1 .
AMA StylePedro Brito, Júlio Costa, João Brito, Pedro Figueiredo. Simulated Soccer Games Protocols: What we Know so far—A Systematic Review. Simulated Soccer Games Protocols: What we Know so far—A Systematic Review. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StylePedro Brito; Júlio Costa; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo. 2021. "Simulated Soccer Games Protocols: What we Know so far—A Systematic Review." Simulated Soccer Games Protocols: What we Know so far—A Systematic Review , no. : 1.
This study aimed to describe habitual sleep and nocturnal cardiac autonomic activity (CAA), and their relationship with training/match load in male youth soccer players during an international tournament. Eighteen elite male youth soccer players (aged 14.8 ± 0.3 years; mean ± SD) participated in the study. Sleep indices were measured using wrist actigraphy, and heart rate (HR) monitors were used to measure CAA during night-sleep throughout 5 consecutive days. Training and match loads were characterized using the session-rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE). During the five nights 8 to 17 players slept less than p = 0.003]. The present findings suggest that youth soccer players slept less than the recommended during the international tournament, and sleep duration was negatively associated with training/match load.
Pedro Figueiredo; Júlio Costa; Michele Lastella; João Morais; João Brito. Sleep Indices and Cardiac Autonomic Activity Responses during an International Tournament in a Youth National Soccer Team. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 2076 .
AMA StylePedro Figueiredo, Júlio Costa, Michele Lastella, João Morais, João Brito. Sleep Indices and Cardiac Autonomic Activity Responses during an International Tournament in a Youth National Soccer Team. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (4):2076.
Chicago/Turabian StylePedro Figueiredo; Júlio Costa; Michele Lastella; João Morais; João Brito. 2021. "Sleep Indices and Cardiac Autonomic Activity Responses during an International Tournament in a Youth National Soccer Team." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4: 2076.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the temporary closure of physical activity and sports facilities, and the generalized cancellation or postponement of sports events have a massive impact on social and economic development. In this study, we explored the feasibility of using tracking data from a football match to assess interpersonal contact between individuals by calculating two measures of respiratory exposure. The dynamic tracking positioning of all players and referees during one international football match was analyzed. For each individual, two measures of respiratory exposure were calculated, based on the 2 m interpersonal distance recommendations for contact tracing for COVID-19 control. Overall, individuals spent a median of 0.12 mm/ss (IQR = 0.45 mm/ss) exposed to interpersonal contact of fewer than 2 m from others. The highest value of exposure was observed between two players of opposing teams (6.35 mm/ss). The results suggest that tracking data can be used to assess respiratory exposure to interpersonal contact in team sports, such as football. The measures of exposure calculated can be used to the prompt identification of high-risk contacts of COVID-19 cases during a match or a training session, but also the risk stratification of different sports and physical activities.
Bruno Gonçalves; Romeu Mendes; Hugo Folgado; Pedro Figueiredo; Bruno Travassos; Henrique Barros; Adalberto Campos-Fernandes; Paulo Beckert; João Brito. Can Tracking Data Help in Assessing Interpersonal Contact Exposure in Team Sports during the COVID-19 Pandemic? Sensors 2020, 20, 6163 .
AMA StyleBruno Gonçalves, Romeu Mendes, Hugo Folgado, Pedro Figueiredo, Bruno Travassos, Henrique Barros, Adalberto Campos-Fernandes, Paulo Beckert, João Brito. Can Tracking Data Help in Assessing Interpersonal Contact Exposure in Team Sports during the COVID-19 Pandemic? Sensors. 2020; 20 (21):6163.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBruno Gonçalves; Romeu Mendes; Hugo Folgado; Pedro Figueiredo; Bruno Travassos; Henrique Barros; Adalberto Campos-Fernandes; Paulo Beckert; João Brito. 2020. "Can Tracking Data Help in Assessing Interpersonal Contact Exposure in Team Sports during the COVID-19 Pandemic?" Sensors 20, no. 21: 6163.
The ecological dynamics approach to interpersonal relationships provides theoretical support to the use of kinematic data, obtained with sensor-based systems, in which players of a team are linked mainly by information from the performance environment. Our goal was to capture the properties of synergic behavior in football, using spatiotemporal data from one match of the 2018 FIFA WORLD CUP RUSSIA, to explore the application of player-ball-goal angles in cluster phase analysis. Linear mixed effects models were used to test the statistical significance of different effects, such as: team, half(-time), role and pitch zones. Results showed that the cluster phase values (synchronization) for the home team, had a 3.812×10−2±0.536×10−2 increase with respect to the away team (X2(41)=259.8, p<0.001) and that changing the role from with ball to without ball increased synchronization by 16.715×10−2±0.283×10−2 (X2(41)=12227.0, p<0.001). The interaction between effects was also significant. The player-team relative phase, the player-ball-goal angles relative frequency and the team configurations, showed that variations of synchronization might indicate critical performance changes (ball possession changes, goals scored, etc.). This study captured the ongoing player-environment link and the properties of team synergic behavior, supporting the use of sensor-based data computations in the development of relevant indicators for tactical analysis in sports.
Daniel Carrilho; Micael Santos Couceiro; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo; Rui J. Lopes; Duarte Araújo. Using Optical Tracking System Data to Measure Team Synergic Behavior: Synchronization of Player-Ball-Goal Angles in a Football Match. Sensors 2020, 20, 4990 .
AMA StyleDaniel Carrilho, Micael Santos Couceiro, João Brito, Pedro Figueiredo, Rui J. Lopes, Duarte Araújo. Using Optical Tracking System Data to Measure Team Synergic Behavior: Synchronization of Player-Ball-Goal Angles in a Football Match. Sensors. 2020; 20 (17):4990.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniel Carrilho; Micael Santos Couceiro; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo; Rui J. Lopes; Duarte Araújo. 2020. "Using Optical Tracking System Data to Measure Team Synergic Behavior: Synchronization of Player-Ball-Goal Angles in a Football Match." Sensors 20, no. 17: 4990.
This work aimed to summarize the health effects of recreational football practice in individuals with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D), through a systematic review. An electronic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS and list of references of the available reviews, until July 2019. Studies were eligible if they included any form of football practice, in patients diagnosed with prediabetes or T2D. After recreational football practice, participants with prediabetes or T2D improved fasting glucose, total and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, body mass, body fat percentage, waist circumference, blood pressure, and maximal oxygen uptake. Further benefits were found in fat-free mass and resting heart rate for participants with prediabetes, and in glycated haemoglobin, body mass index and fat mass in individuals with T2D. This systematic review showed promising benefits of recreational football practice on both the prevention and control of T2D and related cardiovascular risk.
Ana Barbosa; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo; André Seabra; Romeu Mendes. Football can tackle type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of the health effects of recreational football practice in individuals with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Research in Sports Medicine 2020, 1 -19.
AMA StyleAna Barbosa, João Brito, Pedro Figueiredo, André Seabra, Romeu Mendes. Football can tackle type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of the health effects of recreational football practice in individuals with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Research in Sports Medicine. 2020; ():1-19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Barbosa; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo; André Seabra; Romeu Mendes. 2020. "Football can tackle type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of the health effects of recreational football practice in individuals with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes." Research in Sports Medicine , no. : 1-19.
This study examined the physical and technical demands of the 2010, 2014 and 2018 men’s FIFA World Cup editions with special reference on extra time. 3,238 individual player’ observations were collected from 69 FIFA’s open-access match reports and scaled by individual playing exposure. Time-motion variables showing uniformity among FIFA World Cups reports were considered. Players covered less total distance (TD) from the 1st half to the extra time period (r=0.17–0.27; P<0.05). Moreover, the number of sprints decreased from the 1st half to the extra time (r=0.13–0.25; P<0.01). However, substitutes who started on or came in on the match throughout the 2nd half covered higher TD in the extra time compared to the 2nd half (r=0.11–0.43; P<0.01), and compared to starters during the 2nd half and extra time (r=0.11–0.36; P<0.05). Additionally, substitutes who started on, or came in throughout the extra time covered higher TD and performed more sprints compared to starters during the extra time (r=0.12–0.23; P0.05). The occurrence of extra time appeared to be detrimental for the work rate during the match, which can be counteracted by substitute players.
Vincenzo Rago; Rodrigo Abreu; Fabrício Vasconcellos; Vitor Hugo Teixeira; António Rebelo; Pedro Figueiredo; João Brito. Physical and technical demands of the extra time: a multiple FIFA World Cups’ analysis. Science and Medicine in Football 2020, 4, 171 -177.
AMA StyleVincenzo Rago, Rodrigo Abreu, Fabrício Vasconcellos, Vitor Hugo Teixeira, António Rebelo, Pedro Figueiredo, João Brito. Physical and technical demands of the extra time: a multiple FIFA World Cups’ analysis. Science and Medicine in Football. 2020; 4 (3):171-177.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVincenzo Rago; Rodrigo Abreu; Fabrício Vasconcellos; Vitor Hugo Teixeira; António Rebelo; Pedro Figueiredo; João Brito. 2020. "Physical and technical demands of the extra time: a multiple FIFA World Cups’ analysis." Science and Medicine in Football 4, no. 3: 171-177.
This study aimed to examine the interchangeability of two external training load (ETL) monitoring methods: arbitrary vs. individualized speed zones. Thirteen male outfield players from a professional soccer team were monitored during training sessions using 10-Hz GPS units over an 8-week competitive period (n = 302 observations). Low-speed activities (LSA), moderate-speed running (MSR), high-speed running (HSR) and sprinting were defined using arbitrary speed zones as <14.4, 14.4–19.8, 19.8–25.1 and ≥25.2 km·h-1, and using individualized speed zones based on a combination of maximal aerobic speed (MAS, derived from the Yo-yo Intermittent recovery test level 1), maximal sprinting speed (MSS, derived from the maximal speed reached during training) and anaerobic speed reserve (ASR) as <80% MAS, 80–100% MAS, 100% MAS or 29% ASR and ≥30% ASR. Distance covered in both arbitrary and individualized methods was almost certainly correlated in all speed zones (p < 0.01; r = 0.67-0.78). However, significant differences between methods were observed in all speed zones (p < 0.01). LSA was almost certainly higher when using the arbitrary method than when using the individualized method (p < 0.01; ES = 5.47 [5.18; 5.76], respectively). Conversely, MSR, HSR and sprinting speed were higher in the individualized method than in the arbitrary method (p < 0.01; ES = 5.10 [4.82; 5.37], 0.86 [0.72; 1.00] and 1.22 [1.08; 1.37], respectively). Arbitrary and individualized methods for ETL quantification based on speed zones showed similar sensitivity in depicting player locomotor demands. However, since these methods significantly differ at absolute level (based on measurement bias), arbitrary and individualized speed zones should not be used interchangeably.
Vincenzo Rago; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo; Peter Krustrup; António Rebelo. Application of Individualized Speed Zones to Quantify External Training Load in Professional Soccer. Journal of Human Kinetics 2020, 72, 279 -289.
AMA StyleVincenzo Rago, João Brito, Pedro Figueiredo, Peter Krustrup, António Rebelo. Application of Individualized Speed Zones to Quantify External Training Load in Professional Soccer. Journal of Human Kinetics. 2020; 72 (1):279-289.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVincenzo Rago; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo; Peter Krustrup; António Rebelo. 2020. "Application of Individualized Speed Zones to Quantify External Training Load in Professional Soccer." Journal of Human Kinetics 72, no. 1: 279-289.
We studied how usability and playability of sport exergames affect future intentions of participation in physical activity or actual sport. We employed questionnaires to measure participants' enjoyment, usability, game-experience, and future intentions of physical activity and real sport. We compared the outcomes based on players' gender, previous real-swimming, and exergame experience. Psychological parameters were not different between groups but players without exergame experience enjoyed the game more. Physical activity intentions increased for all participants but not swimming intentions. The limitations of current gaming systems and their effects on players' gaming experience and intentions are discussed.
Pooya Soltani; Pedro Figueiredo; João Paulo Vilas-Boas. Does exergaming drive future physical activity and sport intentions? Journal of Health Psychology 2020, 1 .
AMA StylePooya Soltani, Pedro Figueiredo, João Paulo Vilas-Boas. Does exergaming drive future physical activity and sport intentions? Journal of Health Psychology. 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StylePooya Soltani; Pedro Figueiredo; João Paulo Vilas-Boas. 2020. "Does exergaming drive future physical activity and sport intentions?" Journal of Health Psychology , no. : 1.
Rago, V, Brito, J, Figueiredo, P, Ermidis, G, Barreira, D, and Rebelo, A. The arrowhead agility test: Reliability, minimum detectable change, and practical applications in soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 34(2): 483–494, 2020—Four independent studies were conducted to examine the utility of the arrowhead agility test (AAT) to measure change of direction (COD) capacity in soccer players, specifically, (a) intersession reliability and minimum detectable change (n = 24); (b) power-dependent abilities associated with AAT performance (n = 56); and (c) fatigue sensitivity (n = 20); differences between competitive levels and age groups (n = 264). Irrespective of the AAT outcome measure (skillful side, less-skillful side, sum of both), intersession reliability and the ability to detect changes in performance were good (ICC = 0.80–0.83; CV = 1.25–2.21%; smallest worthwhile change, 0.06–0.12 >SEM, 0.01–0.03) except for the asymmetry index. A 15-m sprint explained a significant amount of variance in COD (p < 0.01; R2 = 0.42). Arrowhead agility test performance did not change from the prematch toward half time (p = 0.21). However, reduced COD performance was observed after an intense period in the second half and after the game, compared with prematch and half-time performance (p < 0.05; effect size [ES] = −0.85 to 0.42). Irrespective of age group, national players were more agile than regional players (p < 0.05; ES = −1.97 to −0.36). Moreover, independently of their competitive level, senior and U18 players had a better performance than U16 (p < 0.05; ES = −2.33 to −0.84), whereas no significant differences were observed between senior and U18. Percentiles were also reported in the results. The AAT is reliable to measure COD in soccer players. The test may simultaneously encompass 15-m sprint testing but should be implemented independently to countermovement jump. Furthermore, the test is sensitive to match-induced fatigue during the second half and discriminates players from different competitive levels.
Vincenzo Rago; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo; Georgios Ermidis; Daniel Barreira; António Rebelo. The Arrowhead Agility Test: Reliability, Minimum Detectable Change, and Practical Applications in Soccer Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 2020, 34, 483 -494.
AMA StyleVincenzo Rago, João Brito, Pedro Figueiredo, Georgios Ermidis, Daniel Barreira, António Rebelo. The Arrowhead Agility Test: Reliability, Minimum Detectable Change, and Practical Applications in Soccer Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2020; 34 (2):483-494.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVincenzo Rago; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo; Georgios Ermidis; Daniel Barreira; António Rebelo. 2020. "The Arrowhead Agility Test: Reliability, Minimum Detectable Change, and Practical Applications in Soccer Players." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 34, no. 2: 483-494.
Background: This study aimed at comparing bioenergetics and biomechanical parameters between athletes with tetraplegia and paraplegia riding race handbikes at submaximal speeds in ecological conditions. Methods: Five athletes with tetraplegia (C6-T1, 43 ± 6 yrs, 63 ± 14 kg) and 12 athletes with paraplegia (T4-S5, 44 ± 7 yrs, 72 ± 12 kg) rode their handbikes at submaximal speeds under metabolic measurements. A deceleration method (coasting down) was applied to calculate the rolling resistance and frontal picture of each participant was taken to calculate air resistance. The net overall Mechanical Efficiency (Eff) was calculated by dividing external mechanical work to the corresponding Metabolic Power. Results: Athletes with tetraplegia reached a lower aerobic speed (4.7 ± 0.6 m s−1 vs. 7.1 ± 0.9 m s−1, P = 0.001) and Mechanical Power (54 ± 15 W vs. 111 ± 25 W, P = 0.001) compared with athletes with paraplegia. The metabolic cost was around 1 J kg−1 m−1 for both groups. The Eff values (17 ± 2% vs. 19 ± 3%, P = 0.262) suggested that the handbike is an efficient assisted locomotion device. Conclusion: Handbikers with tetraplegia showed lower aerobic performances but a similar metabolic cost compared with handbikers with paraplegia at submaximal speeds in ecological conditions.
Gabriela Fischer; Pedro Figueiredo; Luca Paolo Ardigò. Bioenergetics and Biomechanics of Handcycling at Submaximal Speeds in Athletes with a Spinal Cord Injury. Sports 2020, 8, 16 .
AMA StyleGabriela Fischer, Pedro Figueiredo, Luca Paolo Ardigò. Bioenergetics and Biomechanics of Handcycling at Submaximal Speeds in Athletes with a Spinal Cord Injury. Sports. 2020; 8 (2):16.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriela Fischer; Pedro Figueiredo; Luca Paolo Ardigò. 2020. "Bioenergetics and Biomechanics of Handcycling at Submaximal Speeds in Athletes with a Spinal Cord Injury." Sports 8, no. 2: 16.
Ricardo de Assis Correia, Wellington Gomes Feitosa, Pedro Figueiredo, Marcelo Papoti, Flávio Antonio de Souza Castro The 400-m Front Crawl Test: Energetic and 3D Kinematical Analyses Int J Sports Med 2020; 41: 21–26 DOI: 10.1055/a-1023-4280 Published online: January 05, 2020 The article contains changes in the Affiliations.
Ricardo De Assis Correia; Wellington Gomes Feitosa; Pedro Figueiredo; Marcelo Papoti; Flávio Antônio De Souza Castro. The 400-m Front Crawl Test: Energetic and 3D Kinematical Analyses. Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie 2020, 41, e1 -e1.
AMA StyleRicardo De Assis Correia, Wellington Gomes Feitosa, Pedro Figueiredo, Marcelo Papoti, Flávio Antônio De Souza Castro. The 400-m Front Crawl Test: Energetic and 3D Kinematical Analyses. Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie. 2020; 41 (1):e1-e1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo De Assis Correia; Wellington Gomes Feitosa; Pedro Figueiredo; Marcelo Papoti; Flávio Antônio De Souza Castro. 2020. "The 400-m Front Crawl Test: Energetic and 3D Kinematical Analyses." Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie 41, no. 1: e1-e1.
The rate of perceived exertion (RPE) is widely adopted to quantify internal training load (ITL) in professional football. The aim of this study was to systematically review the use RPE-based methods in professional football. Observational studies conducted during training routines of professional football players over a minimum of one-week were selected based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses statement. Thirty-eight articles met the inclusion criteria (average qualitative score was 6.3 out of 10 [3 to 9]). The main deficiencies identified concerned the poor description of study design (~52% of the studies), and the non-quantification of match load (~44%). Ten studies complemented RPE-based ITL information with time-motion analysis (~26%) and seven studies added HR recordings (~18%). Nine studies collected RPE data after complementary training, separately to field sessions (~3%). Operational questions (e.g. How was your workout? ~71%) were preferred to instructions (e.g. Please rate the intensity of today's session; ~8%). Session-RPE (s-RPE; RPE multiplied by training duration) was more commonly adopted as measure of exercise intensity than isolated RPE (~76 vs. ~8%). RPE-derived variables calculated on weekly values included absolute week-to-week change, acute: chronic workload ratio, monotony and strain and were not frequently used (7 to 15%). Four studies (~11%) divided RPE in two components: respiratory and muscular. There is a lack of consensus for the use of RPE in professional football and "good practices" are warranted. This review might help practitioners regarding procedures to adopt in RPE data collection and interpretation.
Vincenzo Rago; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo; Júlio Costa; Peter Krustrup; António Rebelo. Internal training load monitoring in professional football: a systematic review of methods using rating of perceived exertion. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 2020, 60, 160 -171.
AMA StyleVincenzo Rago, João Brito, Pedro Figueiredo, Júlio Costa, Peter Krustrup, António Rebelo. Internal training load monitoring in professional football: a systematic review of methods using rating of perceived exertion. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 2020; 60 (1):160-171.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVincenzo Rago; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo; Júlio Costa; Peter Krustrup; António Rebelo. 2020. "Internal training load monitoring in professional football: a systematic review of methods using rating of perceived exertion." The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 60, no. 1: 160-171.
Quantification of training and match load is an important method to personalize the training stimulus’ prescription to players according to their match demands. The present study used time-motion analysis and triaxial-accelerometer to quantify and compare: a) The most demanding passages of play in training sessions and matches (5-min peaks); b) and the accumulated load of typical microcycles and official matches, by playing position. Players performance data in 15 official home matches and 11 in-season microcycles were collected for analysis. Players were divided into four different playing positions: Centre-backs, wing-backs, centre midfielders, and centre forwards. The results show that match demands were overperformed for acceleration counts (acccounts) (131%–166%) and deceleration counts (deccounts) (108%–134%), by all positions. However, relative to match values, training values for sprint distance (sprintdist) and high-intensity run distance (HIRdist) were considerably lower (36%–61% and 57%–71%) than for accelerations and decelerations. The most pronounced difference on the 5-min peaks was observed in sprints (sprintpeak), with wing-backs achieving during the microcycle only 64% of the sprintpeak in matches, while centre backs, centre midfielders, and centre forwards levelled and overperformed the match values (107%, 100%, and 107%, respectively). Differences observed across playing positions in matches and microcycles underline the lack of position specificity of common training drills/sessions adopted by coaches in elite football.
Ivan Baptista; Dag Johansen; Pedro Figueiredo; António Rebelo; Svein A. Pettersen. Positional Differences in Peak- and Accumulated- Training Load Relative to Match Load in Elite Football. Sports 2019, 8, 1 .
AMA StyleIvan Baptista, Dag Johansen, Pedro Figueiredo, António Rebelo, Svein A. Pettersen. Positional Differences in Peak- and Accumulated- Training Load Relative to Match Load in Elite Football. Sports. 2019; 8 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIvan Baptista; Dag Johansen; Pedro Figueiredo; António Rebelo; Svein A. Pettersen. 2019. "Positional Differences in Peak- and Accumulated- Training Load Relative to Match Load in Elite Football." Sports 8, no. 1: 1.
The aim of this article was to systematically review the methods adopted to collect and interpret external training load (ETL) using microtechnology incorporating global positioning system (GPS). The main deficiencies identified concerned the non-collection of match ETL, and the non-consideration of potential confounders (e.g. playing position, fitness level, starting status or session content). Also, complementary training (individual/reconditioning) and pre-match warm-up were rarely quantified. To provide a full picture of the training demands, ETL was commonly complemented by internal training load monitoring with the rating of perceived exertion predominantly adopted instead of heart rate recordings. Continuous data collection and interpretation of ETL data in professional football vary widely between observational studies, possibly reflecting the actual procedures adopted in practical settings. Evidence about continuous ETL monitoring in female players, and female as well as male goalkeepers is lacking.
Vincenzo Rago; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo; Júlio Costa; Daniel Barreira; Peter Krustrup; António Rebelo. Methods to collect and interpret external training load using microtechnology incorporating GPS in professional football: a systematic review. Research in Sports Medicine 2019, 28, 437 -458.
AMA StyleVincenzo Rago, João Brito, Pedro Figueiredo, Júlio Costa, Daniel Barreira, Peter Krustrup, António Rebelo. Methods to collect and interpret external training load using microtechnology incorporating GPS in professional football: a systematic review. Research in Sports Medicine. 2019; 28 (3):437-458.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVincenzo Rago; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo; Júlio Costa; Daniel Barreira; Peter Krustrup; António Rebelo. 2019. "Methods to collect and interpret external training load using microtechnology incorporating GPS in professional football: a systematic review." Research in Sports Medicine 28, no. 3: 437-458.
The aim of the study was to verify the relative contributions of energetic and kinematic parameters to the performance in 400-m front crawl test. Fourteen middle-distance swimmers participated in the study. Oxygen consumption was measured directly and blood samples were collected to assay lactate concentration. Both oxygen consumption and lactate concentration were used to calculate the: (i) overall energy expenditure, (ii) anaerobic (alactic and lactic) and (iii) aerobic contributions. The mean centre of mass speed and intracycle velocity variation were determined through three-dimensional kinematic analysis. Mean completion time was 315.64±26.91s. Energetic contributions were as follows: 6.1±0.28% from alactic anaerobic metabolism, 5.9±0.63% from anaerobic lactic and 87.8±0.88% from aerobic. Mean intracycle velocity variation was 0.14±0.03. The results indicated that performance of 400-m test relies predominantly on aerobic power. Parameters such as lactate, mean speed, anaerobic lactic and alactic (kW) correlated with performance of 400-m test (p
Ricardo De Assis Correia; Wellington Feitosa; Pedro Figueiredo; Marcelo Papoti; Flávio Antônio De Souza Castro. The 400-m Front Crawl Test: Energetic and 3D Kinematical Analyses. Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie 2019, 41, 21 -26.
AMA StyleRicardo De Assis Correia, Wellington Feitosa, Pedro Figueiredo, Marcelo Papoti, Flávio Antônio De Souza Castro. The 400-m Front Crawl Test: Energetic and 3D Kinematical Analyses. Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie. 2019; 41 (1):21-26.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo De Assis Correia; Wellington Feitosa; Pedro Figueiredo; Marcelo Papoti; Flávio Antônio De Souza Castro. 2019. "The 400-m Front Crawl Test: Energetic and 3D Kinematical Analyses." Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie 41, no. 1: 21-26.
This study aimed to compare the acute effects of hypertrophic (HYP) and maximum strength (MAX) loadings on heart rate variability (HRV) and to compare possible loading-specific alterations with other markers of recovery. Ten young men with strength training experience performed two leg press loadings (HYP: five times 10 repetitions at 70% of one repetition maximum (1RM) with 2 minutes inter-set rest; MAX: 15 times one repetition at 100% of 1RM with 3 minutes inter-set rest) in a randomized order. The root mean square of successive differences statistically decreased after both protocols (HYP: 65.7 ± 26.6 ms to 23.9 ± 18.7 ms, p = 0.026; MAX: 77.7 ± 37.0 ms to 55.3 ± 22.3 ms, p = 0.049), while the frequency domains of HRV remained statistically unaltered. The low frequency (LF) band statistically increased at 48h post-MAX only (p = 0.033). Maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MVC) statistically decreased after HYP (p = 0.026) and returned to baseline after 24h of recovery. Creatine kinase (CK) statistically increased above baseline at 1h post-loadings (HYP p = 0.028; MAX p = 0.020), returning to baseline at 24h post. Our findings indicate no distinct associations between changes in HRV and MVC or CK.
Antonia Thamm; Nils Freitag; Pedro Figueiredo; Kenji Doma; Christoph Rottensteiner; Wilhelm Bloch; Moritz Schumann. Can Heart Rate Variability Determine Recovery Following Distinct Strength Loadings? A Randomized Cross-Over Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 4353 .
AMA StyleAntonia Thamm, Nils Freitag, Pedro Figueiredo, Kenji Doma, Christoph Rottensteiner, Wilhelm Bloch, Moritz Schumann. Can Heart Rate Variability Determine Recovery Following Distinct Strength Loadings? A Randomized Cross-Over Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (22):4353.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonia Thamm; Nils Freitag; Pedro Figueiredo; Kenji Doma; Christoph Rottensteiner; Wilhelm Bloch; Moritz Schumann. 2019. "Can Heart Rate Variability Determine Recovery Following Distinct Strength Loadings? A Randomized Cross-Over Trial." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22: 4353.
In recent years, virtual sports or ‘eSports’ have grown exponentially both recreationally and at the professional level. eSports comprise several regulated video games played competitively, using electronic platforms. Some eSports competitions present a structure comparable to traditional sports, and eSports players, even with major skills and mental focus, need preparation and training to thrive. However, little is known about the demands of eSports competitions and continuous training. As the popularity and stakes rise, concerns about the health and emerging risks of eSports participation might arise. Indeed, in the absence of proper descriptive data about the specific characteristics of the eSports population (including factors such as screen time, physical activity, overuse injuries or training environment), effective prevention and care cannot be developed nor provided. Therefore, quality healthcare and prevention strategies are needed. In the current viewpoint, we argue that those involved with Sports Science and Medicine should lead the discussion and reflect on the health effects of eSports participation, providing scientifically-based arguments to better answer to the current eSports professionalism.
Ana Monteiro Pereira; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo; Evert Verhagen. Virtual sports deserve real sports medical attention. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 2019, 5, e000606 .
AMA StyleAna Monteiro Pereira, João Brito, Pedro Figueiredo, Evert Verhagen. Virtual sports deserve real sports medical attention. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine. 2019; 5 (1):e000606.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Monteiro Pereira; João Brito; Pedro Figueiredo; Evert Verhagen. 2019. "Virtual sports deserve real sports medical attention." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 5, no. 1: e000606.