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Comfort temperature and sleep quality involving 20 participants were determined in two cases: Case A (arbitrary, controlled air-conditioner setting) and Case B (adjustment of 3 °C higher than the setting of Case A with cool bed linen). Data of indoor thermal comfort and electricity consumption were collected every night throughout the measurement period. Questionnaires on thermal comfort and sleep quality were distributed twice a night for a duration of three nights for each case; the first night was for respondents’ adaptation and the following two nights were for measurement. The sleep quality of the respondents was objectively measured using a commercially available activity tracker. Results found that most respondents were thermally comfortable in both cases, with 39% lower energy consumption reported for Case B compared to Case A. The thermal conditions of Case B were found to be more tolerable than those of Case A. Most respondents reported to have a calm and satisfied sleep for both cases. Comfort temperature and Sleep Efficiency Index (SEI) were found to be maintained in both cases.
Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Mohamad Faizal Rosli; Hom Bahadur Rijal; Farah Nurhanis Hassan Sadzli; Aya Hagishima; Fitri Yakub. Effectiveness of a Cool Bed Linen for Thermal Comfort and Sleep Quality in Air-Conditioned Bedroom under Hot-Humid Climate. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9099 .
AMA StyleSheikh Ahmad Zaki, Mohamad Faizal Rosli, Hom Bahadur Rijal, Farah Nurhanis Hassan Sadzli, Aya Hagishima, Fitri Yakub. Effectiveness of a Cool Bed Linen for Thermal Comfort and Sleep Quality in Air-Conditioned Bedroom under Hot-Humid Climate. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9099.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSheikh Ahmad Zaki; Mohamad Faizal Rosli; Hom Bahadur Rijal; Farah Nurhanis Hassan Sadzli; Aya Hagishima; Fitri Yakub. 2021. "Effectiveness of a Cool Bed Linen for Thermal Comfort and Sleep Quality in Air-Conditioned Bedroom under Hot-Humid Climate." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9099.
Electricity-saving strategies are an essential solution to overcoming increasing global CO2 emission and electricity consumption problems; therefore, the determinant factors of electricity consumption in households need to be assessed. Most previous studies were conducted in developed countries of subtropical regions that had different household characteristic factors from those in developing countries of tropical regions. A field survey was conducted on electricity consumption for Malaysian households to investigate the factors affecting electricity consumption that focused on technology perspective (building and appliance characteristics) and socio-economic perspective (socio-demographics and occupant behaviour). To analyse the determinant factors of electricity consumption, direct and indirect questionnaire surveys were conducted from November 2017 to January 2018 among 214 university students. Direct questionnaire surveys were performed in order to obtain general information that is easily answered by respondents. On the other hand, some questions such as electricity consumption and detailed information of appliances must be confirmed by the respondents’ parents or other household members through an indirect questionnaire survey. The results from multiple linear regression analyses of the survey responses showed that appliance characteristic factors were the main variables influencing electricity consumption and house characteristics were the least significant. Specifically, air conditioners, fluorescent lamps, and flat-screen TVs emerged as appliances with the most significant effect on electricity consumption. Occupant behaviour factors had a more significant influence than socio-demographic factors. The findings in this study can be used by policymakers to develop electricity-saving strategies in Malaysia.
Boni Sena; Sheikh Zaki; Hom Rijal; Jorge Ardila-Rey; Nelidya Yusoff; Fitri Yakub; Mohammad Ridwan; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. Determinant Factors of Electricity Consumption for a Malaysian Household Based on a Field Survey. Sustainability 2021, 13, 818 .
AMA StyleBoni Sena, Sheikh Zaki, Hom Rijal, Jorge Ardila-Rey, Nelidya Yusoff, Fitri Yakub, Mohammad Ridwan, Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. Determinant Factors of Electricity Consumption for a Malaysian Household Based on a Field Survey. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (2):818.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBoni Sena; Sheikh Zaki; Hom Rijal; Jorge Ardila-Rey; Nelidya Yusoff; Fitri Yakub; Mohammad Ridwan; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. 2021. "Determinant Factors of Electricity Consumption for a Malaysian Household Based on a Field Survey." Sustainability 13, no. 2: 818.
As a Malay Agricultural Settlement established in 1900, Kampung Baru which is located in Kuala Lumpur, has become a subject of prolonged national interests in terms of economic, social, environment, and political issues along with the pressure of modern and future development. This study investigated the urban morphological impact of Kampung Baru on the intensity of urban heat island (UHI) by developing a smart geodatabase for urban climatic mapping. The database provided baseline data which was crucial to unveil the spatiotemporal characteristics of UHI in Kampung Baru. Determination of the urban heat island intensity (UHII) in Kampung Baru was carried out through two approaches, mobile and fixed measurements. In a period of six days, the mobile measurement was conducted within the target area at night using a motorcycle equipped with the temperature and relative humidity data logger while the fixed measurement was conducted using the similar equipment installed at a school building in the area. Building height data were also collected while building footprints were digitized using a topographical map and the satellite image was used as the base map. To estimate the UHII, the reference data for rural temperature was obtained from the Malaysian Meteorological Department (MMD). All of the data were analyzed using ArcGIS to portray the temperature pattern in the study area. The analysis revealed the presence of UHI effect in Kampung Baru at the average building height of six to ten metres. The results of the fixed measurement showed an island-like local maximum in the study area with the average and maximum UHII values of 4.4 °C and 6.0 °C, respectively. The results from the mobile measurement also showed that the highest temperature was recorded in Kampung Baru rather than in the surrounding areas of different land-use types throughout the observation days. The spatial temperature distribution in the study area also showed that the most affected part was the south-west of Kampung Baru which is surrounded by tall buildings. The findings of this study could be utilized in the planning of new development in the city of Kuala Lumpur.
Sheikh Zaki; Nor Azid; Mohd Shahidan; Mohamad Hassan; Mohd Md Daud; Nor Abu Bakar; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim; Fitri Yakub. Analysis of Urban Morphological Effect on the Microclimate of the Urban Residential Area of Kampung Baru in Kuala Lumpur Using a Geospatial Approach. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7301 .
AMA StyleSheikh Zaki, Nor Azid, Mohd Shahidan, Mohamad Hassan, Mohd Md Daud, Nor Abu Bakar, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim, Fitri Yakub. Analysis of Urban Morphological Effect on the Microclimate of the Urban Residential Area of Kampung Baru in Kuala Lumpur Using a Geospatial Approach. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7301.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSheikh Zaki; Nor Azid; Mohd Shahidan; Mohamad Hassan; Mohd Md Daud; Nor Abu Bakar; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim; Fitri Yakub. 2020. "Analysis of Urban Morphological Effect on the Microclimate of the Urban Residential Area of Kampung Baru in Kuala Lumpur Using a Geospatial Approach." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7301.
This study investigated the variation of outdoor air temperature in the shaded area covered by buildings in an urban university campus in Malaysia. In-situ field measurements were conducted to measure the distribution of outdoor air temperature at eight different locations for seven days. Meanwhile, the building-induced shadows were generated using the AutoCAD Revit software to investigate the air temperature change. The study used four urban morphological parameters namely building to greenery ratio, sky view factor (SVF), and height-to-street width (H/W) ratio. The relationship between building-induced shadow and outdoor air temperature (Tout) obtained from the in-situ measurement was investigated. The results showed that the building-induced shadows could lower air temperature. It can be noted that a high ratio of building to greenery resulted in a higher air temperature. In contrast, the area with a low SVF value due to the combination of prolonged shading by buildings and trees had a lower air temperature. Thus, the area with a high building ratio, low greenery ratio, higher SVF value, and low H/W ratio potentially has a higher outdoor air temperature. Conclusively, combination of building shading created by appropriate ratio of building morphology and sufficient greenery able to improve the microclimate of a campus area.
Sheikh Zaki; Siti Syahidah; Mohd Shahidan; Mardiana Ahmad; Fitri Yakub; Mohamad Hassan; Mohd Md Daud. Assessment of Outdoor Air Temperature with Different Shaded Area within an Urban University Campus in Hot-Humid Climate. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5741 .
AMA StyleSheikh Zaki, Siti Syahidah, Mohd Shahidan, Mardiana Ahmad, Fitri Yakub, Mohamad Hassan, Mohd Md Daud. Assessment of Outdoor Air Temperature with Different Shaded Area within an Urban University Campus in Hot-Humid Climate. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (14):5741.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSheikh Zaki; Siti Syahidah; Mohd Shahidan; Mardiana Ahmad; Fitri Yakub; Mohamad Hassan; Mohd Md Daud. 2020. "Assessment of Outdoor Air Temperature with Different Shaded Area within an Urban University Campus in Hot-Humid Climate." Sustainability 12, no. 14: 5741.
This study investigated the effects of urban morphology on microclimate parameters in an urban university campus in Malaysia. Outdoor air temperatures (Tout) were recorded at eight different locations inside the campus for seven days. The study used three urban morphological parameters such as green cover ratio, height-to-width (H/W) ratio, and sky view factor (SVF). The relationship between urban morphological parameters and Tout obtained from in situ measurements was investigated. The results showed that, at a dense green cover ratio of 22% in a 7833 m2 area where the H/W ratio was 0.2, Tout was reduced by about 1% due to a long building shadow cover (12 h) and a high range of SVF (from 0.61 to 0.68). The use of geographic information system (GIS) to generate the spatial data of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Campus (UTMKL), morphological features and in situ Tout distributions provided useful information of Tout variations, and proved the applicability of GIS as a useful tool in smart city urban planning.
Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Nurnida Elmira Othman; Siti Wan Syahidah; Fitri Yakub; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki; Jorge Alfredo Ardila-Rey; Mohd Fairuz Shahidan; Ahmad Shakir Mohd Saudi. Effects of Urban Morphology on Microclimate Parameters in an Urban University Campus. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2962 .
AMA StyleSheikh Ahmad Zaki, Nurnida Elmira Othman, Siti Wan Syahidah, Fitri Yakub, Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki, Jorge Alfredo Ardila-Rey, Mohd Fairuz Shahidan, Ahmad Shakir Mohd Saudi. Effects of Urban Morphology on Microclimate Parameters in an Urban University Campus. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (7):2962.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSheikh Ahmad Zaki; Nurnida Elmira Othman; Siti Wan Syahidah; Fitri Yakub; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki; Jorge Alfredo Ardila-Rey; Mohd Fairuz Shahidan; Ahmad Shakir Mohd Saudi. 2020. "Effects of Urban Morphology on Microclimate Parameters in an Urban University Campus." Sustainability 12, no. 7: 2962.
The in-pipe inspection robotic system is crucial in examining the inside of a pipe without compromising its structural safety. The in-pipe inspection robotic system is a promising alternative to conventional methods of x-ray inspection and visual inspection. Despite the ongoing investigation, the effectiveness of the in-pipe inspection robotic system, particularly regarding the mathematical modeling of the system design, still needs to be improved. The in-pipe inspection robot which is normally equipped with a camera or non-destructive testing (NDT) equipment moves inside the pipeline to conduct a pipe integrity assessment. The main problem during an inspection is the restricted maneuverability of the robot due to geometric changes in the pipe. This can be overcome by designing a proper mathematical model to develop an effective inspection robotic system. Therefore, this paper provides a systematic review of different modeling types of the in-pipe inspection robotic systems, including the assessment of the kinematic and dynamic mathematical models for the system. This review paper covers in-pipe inspection robotic systems with several driving mechanisms such as fluid-driven, wheeled mobile drive (WMD), screw or helical drive, legged and biomimetic drives.
Mohd Zamzuri Ab Rashid; Mohd Fitri Mohd Yakub; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Bin Shaikh Salim; Normaisharah Mamat; Sharifah Munawwarah Syed Mohd Putra; Shairatul Akma Roslan. Modeling of the in-pipe inspection robot: A comprehensive review. Ocean Engineering 2020, 203, 107206 .
AMA StyleMohd Zamzuri Ab Rashid, Mohd Fitri Mohd Yakub, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Bin Shaikh Salim, Normaisharah Mamat, Sharifah Munawwarah Syed Mohd Putra, Shairatul Akma Roslan. Modeling of the in-pipe inspection robot: A comprehensive review. Ocean Engineering. 2020; 203 ():107206.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohd Zamzuri Ab Rashid; Mohd Fitri Mohd Yakub; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Bin Shaikh Salim; Normaisharah Mamat; Sharifah Munawwarah Syed Mohd Putra; Shairatul Akma Roslan. 2020. "Modeling of the in-pipe inspection robot: A comprehensive review." Ocean Engineering 203, no. : 107206.
Emerging tropical cities are experiencing rapid population growth and development, which can greatly affect the thermal environments. The effects of roadside trees and road orientation on the outdoor thermal environment were investigated on four different roads in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Field measurements were conducted to assess outdoor thermal environments, where the selection of sites was based on different roadside tree morphological features and road orientations. Outdoor air temperature (Ta), relative humidity (RH), globe temperature (Tg), wind speed (WS), and wind direction (WD) were measured. Absolute humidity (AH) was estimated based on relative humidity and air temperature. Planting dense canopy trees with an average sky view factor (SVF) of 0.07 reduced the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) by 35% and the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) by 25%. East–West (E–W) and Northwest–Southeast (NW–SE) oriented roads had high PET values of 41 °C and 43 °C, respectively. North–South (N–S) and Northeast–Southwest (NE–SW) orientated roads had lower PET values (37 °C), providing improved outdoor microclimate. Roadside trees provided greater cooling potential in E–W and NW–SE oriented roads. The findings are useful for urban road design in tropical cities in order to improve the outdoor thermal environment and pedestrian comfort.
Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Hai Jian Toh; Fitri Yakub; Ahmad Shakir Mohd Saudi; Jorge Alfredo Ardila-Rey; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. Effects of Roadside Trees and Road Orientation on Thermal Environment in a Tropical City. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1053 .
AMA StyleSheikh Ahmad Zaki, Hai Jian Toh, Fitri Yakub, Ahmad Shakir Mohd Saudi, Jorge Alfredo Ardila-Rey, Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. Effects of Roadside Trees and Road Orientation on Thermal Environment in a Tropical City. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (3):1053.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSheikh Ahmad Zaki; Hai Jian Toh; Fitri Yakub; Ahmad Shakir Mohd Saudi; Jorge Alfredo Ardila-Rey; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. 2020. "Effects of Roadside Trees and Road Orientation on Thermal Environment in a Tropical City." Sustainability 12, no. 3: 1053.
This paper focuses on design, analysis and fabrication of hydraulic ram pump, which uses the force of gravity to deliver water to higher altitudes. It does not depend on electrical and fossil energy and robust, inexpensive, easy to install and maintain. All these qualities make it suitable for use in remote areas where water and electricity supply, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study is to construct a low cost UTM hydraulic ram pump for water supply in remote areas, provided that it must have a reliable design and made of materials available locally in Malaysia. The design must also be easy to assemble and dismantle, easy to maintain and durable with a long service life. In order to achieve these objectives, existing ram pump designs by other researchers were studied to provide the basics in designing the UTM hydraulic ram pump. The ram pump efficiency is 62%, based on drive pipe diameter of 3” and air chamber volume of 33.3 L. Referring to the guidelines and experimental data these design specifications allow a total of 7000 L/day (4.86 L/min) of water to be delivered to the storage tank. The power required is about 23.9 kW which is enough to overcome head losses of about 54.52 m. Through a test stand, the value of circulations is 49 cycle/minute and thus the overall performance of the ram pump can be calculated before installation in remote areas. Other factors such as the proper material selection and safety considerations were also prioritized.
Shamsul Sarip; A. Q Mohd Radzi; T. S. Hong; R. Mohammad; Fitri Yakub; M. A. Suhot; H. M. Kaidi. Design, analysis and fabrication of utm hydraulic ram pump for water supply in remote areas. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 2020, 17, 213 -221.
AMA StyleShamsul Sarip, A. Q Mohd Radzi, T. S. Hong, R. Mohammad, Fitri Yakub, M. A. Suhot, H. M. Kaidi. Design, analysis and fabrication of utm hydraulic ram pump for water supply in remote areas. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. 2020; 17 (1):213-221.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShamsul Sarip; A. Q Mohd Radzi; T. S. Hong; R. Mohammad; Fitri Yakub; M. A. Suhot; H. M. Kaidi. 2020. "Design, analysis and fabrication of utm hydraulic ram pump for water supply in remote areas." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 17, no. 1: 213-221.
The reduction of vibrations in high speed rail system with pantograph mechanism is crucially important to ensure the best riding comfort for passengers. The objective of this study is to stimulate an active control of a pantograph mechanism in high speed rail system. This project presents an approach to increase the performance of high speed rail train in term of its stability, safety and riding comfort for passengers. An analysis of excessive transient motion that caused the loss of contact between the catenary and pantograph is made. Most high speed rail train is powered by electricity exerted from the catenary and the upward force generated from the lowest modeled mass should be enough to maintain the frictional motion between catenary and pantograph. The proposed method used proportional integral derivative (PID) and model predictive controller (MPC) controllers to increase the equilibrium condition of the system while coping with its transient response. The PID observed simulation is set as the benchmark and further improvements are made using MPC. An addition of notch filter is used to overcome the high frequency oscillations of the plant’s dynamic response by poles and zeros cancellation hence reducing the high vibrations. The results showed that the proposed method was able to reduce the vibration of the contact force and the desired controllers were adaptable for this type of system.
Nur Alyani Fakharulrazi Wind; Fitri Yakub; Mohamed Sukri Mat Ali Wind; Pauziah Muhamad; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Zul Hilmi Che Daud. Active Control of a Pantograph Mechanism for High Speed Rail System. 2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on System Engineering and Technology (ICSET) 2019, 195 -200.
AMA StyleNur Alyani Fakharulrazi Wind, Fitri Yakub, Mohamed Sukri Mat Ali Wind, Pauziah Muhamad, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki, Zul Hilmi Che Daud. Active Control of a Pantograph Mechanism for High Speed Rail System. 2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on System Engineering and Technology (ICSET). 2019; ():195-200.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNur Alyani Fakharulrazi Wind; Fitri Yakub; Mohamed Sukri Mat Ali Wind; Pauziah Muhamad; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Zul Hilmi Che Daud. 2019. "Active Control of a Pantograph Mechanism for High Speed Rail System." 2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on System Engineering and Technology (ICSET) , no. : 195-200.
The quadrotor is known for its mechanical simplicity. However, the control mechanism is complex due to six degree of freedom i.e. X, Y and Z axis that represent the motion control of altitude and the pitch, roll and yaw representing the motion control of the attitude of the quadrotor. In this paper, the issues pertaining to the complexity in controlling the whole quadrotor system is highlighted. Quadrotor is very sensitive towards disturbance and thus, causing it to not perform effectively especially in search and rescue missions, in which the quadrotor is required to access limited areas. Due to the six degree of freedom complexity, it is difficult to find a suitable controller that can continue to improve the accuracy and the performance of motion of the quadrotor. This paper focused on optimizing the previously obtained quadrotor system by implementing a controller that ensures motion stabilization. The multivariable Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller is the chosen controller and the performance of each of the different controllers will be compared to determine the best controller that should be implemented in order to improve the accuracy of the quadrotor motion especially the rotational motion. The rotational motion is chosen because the angle for the pitch, roll and yaw are dependent to the translational motion. This means that the rotational motion and the translational motion of the quadrotor system are connected to each other. The result for the simulation of the quadrotor performance is analyzed by using MATLAB and Simulink. Finally, after analyzing all of the controllers, results show that multivariable PID controllers are able to stabilize all the motion responses of the quadrotor.
Nasyatul Hanani; Fazilah Syazwanadira; Nur Alyani Fakharulrazi; Fitri Yakub; Zainudin A. Rasid; Shamsul Sarip. Full Control of Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle using Multivariable Proportional Integral Derivative Controller. 2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on System Engineering and Technology (ICSET) 2019, 447 -452.
AMA StyleNasyatul Hanani, Fazilah Syazwanadira, Nur Alyani Fakharulrazi, Fitri Yakub, Zainudin A. Rasid, Shamsul Sarip. Full Control of Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle using Multivariable Proportional Integral Derivative Controller. 2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on System Engineering and Technology (ICSET). 2019; ():447-452.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNasyatul Hanani; Fazilah Syazwanadira; Nur Alyani Fakharulrazi; Fitri Yakub; Zainudin A. Rasid; Shamsul Sarip. 2019. "Full Control of Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle using Multivariable Proportional Integral Derivative Controller." 2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on System Engineering and Technology (ICSET) , no. : 447-452.
Demand for electricity has been rapidly increasing in the residential sector as it is one of the necessities proportional to the increase in human population. However, most of the occupants less aware on how to use energy efficiently. The major factors that contribute to the energy consumption in residential buildings consumption are due to occupant’s activities and their lifestyle. Some of the occupants also not realize that they have used the electrical energy inefficiently because they utilize inefficient household appliances. As a result, inefficient energy has caused waste of energy. Waste of electrical energy will not only impact the costs of processing energy resources; it also impacts our environment. In order to save the electricity, we have to improve the energy efficiency by conserving or improving the efficiency. By improving the efficiency, the consumer should be able to know the household appliances that use high power consumption via their electrical appliances. The main aim of this project is to implement the clustering techniques to the measured data and to determine the most energy usage in home appliances using MATLAB simulation. In order to determine the number of cluster data for household appliances, the measured data will go through certain techniques that usually being used in clustering.
Muhammad Aiman Razak; Fitri Yakub; Nur Najwa Izzati Sulaiman; Mohd Zamzuri Ab. Rashid; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim; Zainudin A. Rasid; Aminudin Abu. Energy Consumption Clustering Analysis in Residential Building. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020) 2019, 436 -450.
AMA StyleMuhammad Aiman Razak, Fitri Yakub, Nur Najwa Izzati Sulaiman, Mohd Zamzuri Ab. Rashid, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim, Zainudin A. Rasid, Aminudin Abu. Energy Consumption Clustering Analysis in Residential Building. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020). 2019; ():436-450.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Aiman Razak; Fitri Yakub; Nur Najwa Izzati Sulaiman; Mohd Zamzuri Ab. Rashid; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim; Zainudin A. Rasid; Aminudin Abu. 2019. "Energy Consumption Clustering Analysis in Residential Building." Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020) , no. : 436-450.
This paper addresses the issue of the impact of controllers in suppressing the vibration of structural building during seismic. It is important to implement an appropriate controller to avoid a huge impact to the building structure from damage and collapse while earthquake occur. Sliding mode controller (SMC) and proportional-integral-derivative (PID) are proposed to alleviate the vibration. SMC is selected as control strategy because of its robust control technique that can reject the disturbances while PID is known as simple control design. The simulation for two storey building equipped with structural control device which known as hybrid mass damper placed at the top floor of the structure that represent by mass, spring and damper are constructed by using Matlab/Simulink. The input excitation to the structure is taken from El Centro earthquake with magnitude of 6.9 Mw. The output response for the system generates displacement, velocity, control input, and frequency response. Based from the result, SMC has better performance compared to PID and overall SMC is success to suppress the building vibration according to the displacement performance obtained.
Normaisharah Mamat; Fitri Yakub; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim; Mohd Zamzuri Ab Rashid; Sharifah Munawarah; Shairatul Akma Roslan. Seismic Control of a Building Structure Equip with Hybrid Mass Damper Using Sliding Mode Control. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020) 2019, 146 -156.
AMA StyleNormaisharah Mamat, Fitri Yakub, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim, Mohd Zamzuri Ab Rashid, Sharifah Munawarah, Shairatul Akma Roslan. Seismic Control of a Building Structure Equip with Hybrid Mass Damper Using Sliding Mode Control. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020). 2019; ():146-156.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNormaisharah Mamat; Fitri Yakub; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim; Mohd Zamzuri Ab Rashid; Sharifah Munawarah; Shairatul Akma Roslan. 2019. "Seismic Control of a Building Structure Equip with Hybrid Mass Damper Using Sliding Mode Control." Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020) , no. : 146-156.
The widespread use of air-conditioning to achieve indoor cooling of residential buildings has caused increased electricity consumption. Effective passive cooling strategies, such as natural ventilation, are important for reducing energy consumption. Field measurements of thermal performance for a corner terrace house in Kuala Lumpur were conducted to clarify the effectiveness of free running (FR) ventilation as a passive cooling strategy with configurations: without ventilation, full ventilation, day ventilation, and night ventilation. Measurements were conducted for all bedrooms and a family area on the first floor. For comparison, a mixed mode (MM) consisting of FR, ventilation with a ceiling fan, and cooling with an air-conditioner, which represents the actual conditions of this house, was measured in the living and dining area on the ground floor. Operative temperature was compared with the predicted temperature using an adaptive thermal comfort equation (ACE) under relevant international standards. The mean indoor temperature under FR was approximately 27 ºC–37 °C, and 27 ºC–33 °C in MM. Full ventilation and day ventilation recorded better correlation between outdoor and indoor temperature compared with no ventilation and night ventilation. Furthermore, compared with the ACE for a hot-humid climate, MM ventilation resulted in an operative temperature 58% less than the acceptable comfort temperature; thus, it performed better and was closer to international standards than was FR ventilation, which resulted in an operative temperature of 27% less than the acceptable comfort temperature. FR was not adequate to provide comfortable conditions without assistance from MM.
Ng Wai Tuck; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Aya Hagishima; Hom Bahadur Rijal; Mohd Azuan Zakaria; Fitri Yakub. Effectiveness of free running passive cooling strategies for indoor thermal environments: Example from a two-storey corner terrace house in Malaysia. Building and Environment 2019, 160, 106214 .
AMA StyleNg Wai Tuck, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki, Aya Hagishima, Hom Bahadur Rijal, Mohd Azuan Zakaria, Fitri Yakub. Effectiveness of free running passive cooling strategies for indoor thermal environments: Example from a two-storey corner terrace house in Malaysia. Building and Environment. 2019; 160 ():106214.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNg Wai Tuck; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Aya Hagishima; Hom Bahadur Rijal; Mohd Azuan Zakaria; Fitri Yakub. 2019. "Effectiveness of free running passive cooling strategies for indoor thermal environments: Example from a two-storey corner terrace house in Malaysia." Building and Environment 160, no. : 106214.
This paper extends the analysis of Yakub et. al [1], by suggesting an integrated control which includes an active aerodynamic control and differential braking control to enhance high speed vehicle dynamics stability. Two aerodynamic surfaces are attached to the roof of the vehicle and servo controlled separately in real time. A hierarchical control structure which is composed of an upper and a lower controller. In the upper controller, the additional yaw moment required for stability control is determined by sliding mode control with the consideration of driver inputs, vehicle dynamic and the limitation of road adhesion. In the lower controller, a control strategy is designed to coordinate differential brake and active aerodynamic control, and an optimal control allocation algorithm is adopted to distribute the brake pressure of each wheel. Two double lane change tests on dry and wet road performed to study the effectiveness of the control algorithm in Simulink simulation. The results show, the proposed control strategy can effectively improve the vehicle dynamics stability and tire workload usage.
Nur Alyani Nadhiya; Fitri Yakub; Hatta Ariff; Azizul Azizan; Zainuddin A. Rasit; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Abdul Yasser Abd Fattah; Yasuchika Mori. Vehicle High Speed Stability Analysis throughIntegrated Control. 2018 IEEE Conference on Systems, Process and Control (ICSPC) 2018, 72 -77.
AMA StyleNur Alyani Nadhiya, Fitri Yakub, Hatta Ariff, Azizul Azizan, Zainuddin A. Rasit, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki, Abdul Yasser Abd Fattah, Yasuchika Mori. Vehicle High Speed Stability Analysis throughIntegrated Control. 2018 IEEE Conference on Systems, Process and Control (ICSPC). 2018; ():72-77.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNur Alyani Nadhiya; Fitri Yakub; Hatta Ariff; Azizul Azizan; Zainuddin A. Rasit; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Abdul Yasser Abd Fattah; Yasuchika Mori. 2018. "Vehicle High Speed Stability Analysis throughIntegrated Control." 2018 IEEE Conference on Systems, Process and Control (ICSPC) , no. : 72-77.
The current indoor thermal comfort standards and guidelines for hospital wards in the tropics may be insufficient for maintaining thermal comfort for occupants and ensuring energy efficiency in hospitals. Therefore, field survey assessments of thermal comfort were conducted in three Malaysian hospitals with air conditioning capabilities for patient rooms. This study evaluated existing thermal conditions and thermal comfort preferences of patients and their visitors. A total of 389 responses were collected in hot and humid conditions. Indoor thermal measurements were collected in each hospital and compared to the local guidelines. The lower temperature results compared to the Malaysian standard MS1525 (2014) and the Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality (2010) by the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) in Malaysia indicated that specific thermal comfort guidelines were required for hospital wards in Malaysia. The mean comfort operative temperatures were estimated to be 25.3°C for patients and 25.5°C for visitors. The relationships between the indoor comfort temperature and running mean outdoor temperature (27.0 −31.0°C) in the three hospitals was also determined. These adaptive relationships can serve as a guide for building service engineers and researchers seeking to reduce energy use in hospitals.
Waqas Khalid; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Hom Bahadur Rijal; Fitri Yakub. Investigation of comfort temperature and thermal adaptation for patients and visitors in Malaysian hospitals. Energy and Buildings 2018, 183, 484 -499.
AMA StyleWaqas Khalid, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki, Hom Bahadur Rijal, Fitri Yakub. Investigation of comfort temperature and thermal adaptation for patients and visitors in Malaysian hospitals. Energy and Buildings. 2018; 183 ():484-499.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWaqas Khalid; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Hom Bahadur Rijal; Fitri Yakub. 2018. "Investigation of comfort temperature and thermal adaptation for patients and visitors in Malaysian hospitals." Energy and Buildings 183, no. : 484-499.
The movement of the aircraft pitch is very important to ensure the passengers and crews are in intrinsically safe and the aircraft achieves its maximum stability.The objective of this study is to provide a solution to the control system that features particularly on the pitch angle motion of aircraft systemin order to have a comfort boarding. Three controllers were developed in these projects which wereproportional integral derivative (PID), fuzzy logic controller (FLC), and linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controllers. These controllers will help improving the pitch angle and achievingthe target reference. By improving the pitch motion angle, the flight will be stabilized and in steady cruise (no jerking effect), hence provides all the passengers withthe comfort zone. Simulation results have been done and analyzed using Matlab software. The simulation results demonstrated LQR and FLC were better than PID in the pitch motion system due to the small error performance. In addition, withstrong external disturbances, a single controller is unable to control the system, thus, the combination of PID and LQR managed to stabilize the aircraft.
Aishah Johari; Fitri Yakub; Hatta Ariff; Zainudin A. Rasid; Shamsul Sarip; Rudzidatulm Akmam Dziyauddin; Mohd Zamzuri Ab Rashid; Azizul Azizan; Yasuchika Mori. Improvement of Pitch Motion Control of an Aircraft Systems. TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) 2018, 16, 2263 -2274.
AMA StyleAishah Johari, Fitri Yakub, Hatta Ariff, Zainudin A. Rasid, Shamsul Sarip, Rudzidatulm Akmam Dziyauddin, Mohd Zamzuri Ab Rashid, Azizul Azizan, Yasuchika Mori. Improvement of Pitch Motion Control of an Aircraft Systems. TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control). 2018; 16 (5):2263-2274.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAishah Johari; Fitri Yakub; Hatta Ariff; Zainudin A. Rasid; Shamsul Sarip; Rudzidatulm Akmam Dziyauddin; Mohd Zamzuri Ab Rashid; Azizul Azizan; Yasuchika Mori. 2018. "Improvement of Pitch Motion Control of an Aircraft Systems." TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) 16, no. 5: 2263-2274.
The paper present the implementation of control device to tenth storey building that refer to highrise building equipped with hybrid mass damper (HMD). Fuzzy logic control (FLC) is chosen as control strategy because of its robustness character and suitable to control nonlinearity and uncertainties system. The performance of FLC in suppressing the building vibration is proven by reduces the vibration compared to tuned mass damper and uncontrolled system. This paper also studies the placement of control device in influence the building vibration control that located at lowest, top and combines both control devices at lowest and top of the building floor. The input excitation is taken from El Centro earthquake occur in 1940. In the end, the analysis of implementation HMD on the building structure is analyzed, the design of control strategy is studied and conclusions are achieved.
Normaisharah Mamat; Fitri Yakub; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim; Mohamed Sukri Mat Ali; Sharifah Munawwarah Syed Mohd Putra. Analysis of Implementation Control Device in Hybrid Mass Damper System. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems (I2CACIS) 2018, 123 -127.
AMA StyleNormaisharah Mamat, Fitri Yakub, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim, Mohamed Sukri Mat Ali, Sharifah Munawwarah Syed Mohd Putra. Analysis of Implementation Control Device in Hybrid Mass Damper System. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems (I2CACIS). 2018; ():123-127.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNormaisharah Mamat; Fitri Yakub; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim; Mohamed Sukri Mat Ali; Sharifah Munawwarah Syed Mohd Putra. 2018. "Analysis of Implementation Control Device in Hybrid Mass Damper System." 2018 IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems (I2CACIS) , no. : 123-127.
This study’s aim was to enhance the maneuverability safety in the coordination of active rear steering and differential braking control for untripped rollover prevention, which performs a panic lane change maneuver to bypass the obstacle encountered in the path. In avoiding rollover accidents, there are several guidance preventions, such as to secure the vehicle from the intention of the driver and to position the vehicle in the actual lane. A crosswind effect is also found to be a crucial factor since this may cause other accidents. Therefore, there is a need to monitor the driver’s actual path and maintaining the stability of the vehicle along the desired path in order to avoid rollover accidents. We extended the analysis of Yakub and Mori (2015) [1], by suggesting an explicit model of predictive control, which includes an active rear steering and braking control for each wheel. Our main focus was on the general trade-off between rollover prevention and path tracking. The effectiveness of the explicit control model invented for this study was measured and validated by the simulation results for a heavy vehicle proposed in this research.
Fitri Yakub; Pauziah Muhammad; Hoong Thiam Toh; M. Sofian Abu Talip; Yasuchika Mori. Explicit controller of a single truck stability and rollover mitigation. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 2018, 32, 4373 -4381.
AMA StyleFitri Yakub, Pauziah Muhammad, Hoong Thiam Toh, M. Sofian Abu Talip, Yasuchika Mori. Explicit controller of a single truck stability and rollover mitigation. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology. 2018; 32 (9):4373-4381.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFitri Yakub; Pauziah Muhammad; Hoong Thiam Toh; M. Sofian Abu Talip; Yasuchika Mori. 2018. "Explicit controller of a single truck stability and rollover mitigation." Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 32, no. 9: 4373-4381.
In the new global economy, localization study has become a central attraction for tracking objects, such as children, pets or assets located either indoor or outdoor environment. The object environment somehow has a significant effect to the degree of the accuracy offered by the localization algorithms. This paper initially reviews localization techniques that are broadly categorized into two sub-categories, which are range-based and range-free techniques. In addition to that, three main algorithms used in localization, which are trilateration, multilateration and triangulation, and also the wireless technologies employed are also discussed. Referring to the previous literature, this paper proposes for the localization a design architecture of transmitter and receiver using long range (LoRa). The proposed system can be used to develop for a small low-cost low-power LoRa tracking device without global positioning satellite (GPS).
Nur Aisyah Azmi; Shafiqa Samsul; Yoshihide Yamada; Fitri Yakub; Mohd Ismifaizul Mohd Ismail; Rudzidatul Akmam Dziyauddin. A Survey of Localization using RSSI and TDoA Techniques in Wireless Sensor Network: System Architecture. 2018 2nd International Conference on Telematics and Future Generation Networks (TAFGEN) 2018, 131 -136.
AMA StyleNur Aisyah Azmi, Shafiqa Samsul, Yoshihide Yamada, Fitri Yakub, Mohd Ismifaizul Mohd Ismail, Rudzidatul Akmam Dziyauddin. A Survey of Localization using RSSI and TDoA Techniques in Wireless Sensor Network: System Architecture. 2018 2nd International Conference on Telematics and Future Generation Networks (TAFGEN). 2018; ():131-136.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNur Aisyah Azmi; Shafiqa Samsul; Yoshihide Yamada; Fitri Yakub; Mohd Ismifaizul Mohd Ismail; Rudzidatul Akmam Dziyauddin. 2018. "A Survey of Localization using RSSI and TDoA Techniques in Wireless Sensor Network: System Architecture." 2018 2nd International Conference on Telematics and Future Generation Networks (TAFGEN) , no. : 131-136.
The residential sector was one of the contributors to the increase in the world energy consumption and CO2 emission due to the increase population, economic development, and improved living standard. Developing a reliable model of electrical energy consumption based on techno-socio economic factors was challenging since many assumptions need to be considered. Over the past decade, bottom-up approaches such as multi-linear regression, artificial neural network (ANN), and conditional demand analysis were used for developing mathematical models to investigate interrelated characteristics among techno-socio economic factors. However, the existing models mostly were focused on countries that had different socio-economic level and cultures from the developing countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. Similar studies in that tropical region were very scarce and only limited for linear modelling under the conditions of techno-socio economic factors. In this study, we proposed ANN for developing a model of electrical energy consumption based on techno-socio economic factors for a tropical region, Malaysia. In order to develop the model, quantitative measurement and qualitative assessment were required. The quantitative measurement was based on the monitoring of total electrical energy consumption with a one-minute interval. In contrast, the qualitative assessment utilized a questionnaire survey to assess household characteristics based on techno-socio economic parameters. The objective of this paper was to propose a conceptual framework of the estimation model for household electrical energy consumption with the consideration of techno-socio economic factors using ANN.
Boni Sena; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Fitri Yakub; Nelidya Md Yusoff; Mohammad Kholid Ridwan. Conceptual Framework of Modelling for Malaysian Household Electrical Energy Consumption using Artificial Neural Network based on Techno-Socio Economic Approach. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 2018, 8, 1844 -1853.
AMA StyleBoni Sena, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki, Fitri Yakub, Nelidya Md Yusoff, Mohammad Kholid Ridwan. Conceptual Framework of Modelling for Malaysian Household Electrical Energy Consumption using Artificial Neural Network based on Techno-Socio Economic Approach. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE). 2018; 8 (3):1844-1853.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBoni Sena; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki; Fitri Yakub; Nelidya Md Yusoff; Mohammad Kholid Ridwan. 2018. "Conceptual Framework of Modelling for Malaysian Household Electrical Energy Consumption using Artificial Neural Network based on Techno-Socio Economic Approach." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 3: 1844-1853.