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Yonghui Cao
Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China

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Journal article
Published: 22 March 2021 in Global Ecology and Conservation
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The stoichiometric characteristics of plant tissue (living or dead) can influence carbon (C) and nutrient dynamics in forest ecosystems. Numerous investigations have focused on green leaves in site or regional areas, but few on leaf litter, especially for tree species with a wide distribution. Here, we collected 57 leaf litter samples of Chinese fir from 19 sites across subtropical China and determined the C, N and P concentrations and stoichiometric ratios, and related these leaf litter variables with geographical and climatic variables, as well as with soil chemistry, which were assessed through soil sampling at the 19 sites. The results showed that the mean leaf litter C, N and P concentrations (namely nutrient resorption proficiency, NuRP) were 458.3 ± 4.0 mg g−1, 8.9 ± 0.3 mg g−1, and 0.46 ± 0.02 mg g−1, respectively. The mean C:N, C:P, and N:P ratios were 52.9 ± 1.9, 1049.8 ± 43.8, and 19.8 ± 0.6, respectively. Concentrations of leaf litter N and P were strongly positively correlated with each other (p < 0.001), while no significant correlation was found between the C and N, or C and P concentrations (p>0.05). The leaf litter stoichiometry showed linear or nonlinear relationships with the geographical, climatic and soil chemical variables. Hierarchical partitioning (HP) analysis showed that the geographical and climatic variables explained most of the variation in leaf litter C and N concentrations and in the N:P ratio. Variation in the leaf litter P concentration was mainly regulated by soil chemical variables. Overall, our findings indicated that the resorption proficiency of the leaf litter was at intermediate level for both N and P. The leaf litter stoichiometry of Chinese fir was driven by the geographical location, mean temperature and precipitation conditions and soil nutrient status at a regional scale. Our results provided new insights into the ability of Chinese fir to adapt to future climate conditions, and also increased our understandings of drivers of the elemental biogeochemical cycle.

ACS Style

Ran Tong; Benzhi Zhou; Lina Jiang; Xiaogai Ge; Yonghui Cao; Jiuxi Shi. Leaf litter carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) across China. Global Ecology and Conservation 2021, 27, e01542 .

AMA Style

Ran Tong, Benzhi Zhou, Lina Jiang, Xiaogai Ge, Yonghui Cao, Jiuxi Shi. Leaf litter carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) across China. Global Ecology and Conservation. 2021; 27 ():e01542.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ran Tong; Benzhi Zhou; Lina Jiang; Xiaogai Ge; Yonghui Cao; Jiuxi Shi. 2021. "Leaf litter carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) across China." Global Ecology and Conservation 27, no. : e01542.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2020 in Forests
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The root of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J. Houz.) develops extremely rapidly at seedling phase and is highly sensitive to water content in soil, but its response patterns and adaptation strategies of its root to drought are little known. The aim of this study was to investigate the response of root morphology and architecture of Moso bamboo to drought at seedling phase and then to explore the drought adaptation strategies of its root. One-year-old potted seedlings of Moso bamboo were planted under three drought treatments (control, moderate drought and severe drought) for three months. Seedling growth, specific root length (SRL), root architecture (fractal dimension (FD), root branching angle (RBA) and root topological index (TI)) and non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations in roots were measured every month. The results are as follows: (i) The dry weight of root and shoot decreased significantly under drought stress. (ii) The SRL decreased under drought stress in the early duration (the first month), and then increased in the late duration (the third month). Both FD and RBA decreased, while TI and the concentrations of NSCs increased under drought stress. (iii) The NSC concentrations were positively correlated with SRL and TI, but exhibited an inverse relationship to FD and RBA. Our results indicated that Moso bamboo seedlings formed a “steeper, simpler, expensive (low SRL and high TI)” root architecture to adapt to a short-term drought (one month), and formed a “cheaper (high SRL)” root to adapt to a long-term drought (three months). Increase of NSC concentrations supported the root architecture plasticity to some extent.

ACS Style

Zhenya Yang; Yonghui Cao; Jiancheng Zhao; Benzhi Zhou; Xiaogai Ge; Qin Li; Maihe Li. Root Response of Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J. Houz.) Seedlings to Drought with Different Intensities and Durations. Forests 2020, 12, 50 .

AMA Style

Zhenya Yang, Yonghui Cao, Jiancheng Zhao, Benzhi Zhou, Xiaogai Ge, Qin Li, Maihe Li. Root Response of Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J. Houz.) Seedlings to Drought with Different Intensities and Durations. Forests. 2020; 12 (1):50.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhenya Yang; Yonghui Cao; Jiancheng Zhao; Benzhi Zhou; Xiaogai Ge; Qin Li; Maihe Li. 2020. "Root Response of Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J. Houz.) Seedlings to Drought with Different Intensities and Durations." Forests 12, no. 1: 50.

Journal article
Published: 06 February 2020 in Forests
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In 2008, an unexpected and severe ice storm affected the forest of southern China. This storm caused damage in regeneration of an important dominant tree, Schima superba (Gugertree). To study this damage, we set up permanent monitoring plots in an ice-storm-damaged subtropical evergreen broad-leaved secondary forest dominated by S.superba in Jianglang Mountains, China. We surveyed the damage to all trees with a minimum basal diameter of 4 cm and monitored their growth for 6 consecutive years. We analyzed the degrees and types of damage for S.superba and their relationships with resprouting characteristics. The results revealed that the main damage types of S.superba were decapitation (45.45%) and uprooting (28.41%). The distribution percentage for both decapitated and uprooted trees were commonly highest in the range of 10–16 cm basal diameter (BD) size class. A great number of individuals sprouted vigorously after the storm. The mean total sprout number and sprout biomass per tree for S.superba varied by tree BD size class. During the first three years after the ice storm, decapitated trees of larger BD classes produced more sprouts per tree than trees of smaller BD classes. However, the opposite trend was seen in uprooted and leaning trees. There was a trade-off between the total number and length of the sprouts. The difference of mean sprouts number and biomass per tree with size class was mainly related to the damage types. As the recovery progressed since the ice storm, the number of sprouts and sprout biomass in uprooted trees was found mainly on the middle trunk sections of uprooted trees, but in the upper sections of decapitated trees. After six years, the mean number of sprouts per tree, on different parts of the tree and for the three types of damaged trees all declined; however, sprout biomass per tree all increased. The mean number of sprout and sprout biomass per tree on different sections for decapitated trees was always highest over time since the storm. Our study will help to provide data on resprouting ability to develop a predictive model for resprouting.

ACS Style

Yonghui Cao; Benzhi Zhou; XiaoMing Wang; Lianhong Gu. Resprouting Responses Dynamics of Schima superba Following a Severe Ice Storm in Early 2008 in Southern China: A Six-Year Study. Forests 2020, 11, 184 .

AMA Style

Yonghui Cao, Benzhi Zhou, XiaoMing Wang, Lianhong Gu. Resprouting Responses Dynamics of Schima superba Following a Severe Ice Storm in Early 2008 in Southern China: A Six-Year Study. Forests. 2020; 11 (2):184.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yonghui Cao; Benzhi Zhou; XiaoMing Wang; Lianhong Gu. 2020. "Resprouting Responses Dynamics of Schima superba Following a Severe Ice Storm in Early 2008 in Southern China: A Six-Year Study." Forests 11, no. 2: 184.

Review
Published: 24 October 2019 in Forests
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Leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) stoichiometry at a large geographical scale is the result of long-term adaptation to the environment. Therefore, the patterns of leaf N and P spatial distributions and their controlling factors represent an important issue in current ecological research. To explore the leaf stoichiometry of Chinese fir at a national level, we conducted a meta-analysis based on the dataset of the leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations and the N:P ratio from 28 study sites across China. For all of the age groups considered, the average concentrations of the leaf N and P concentrations and the N:P ratio were 11.94 mg g−1, 1.04 mg g−1, and 12.93, respectively. Significant differences were found in the leaf P concentration and N:P ratio between the five age groups, while the differences in the leaf N concentration between the groups were not significant. Linear fitting results indicated that the leaf P concentration decreased, and the leaf N:P ratio increased with the increase of the MAT (mean annual temperature) and soil N concentration. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that the first axis, with an explanatory quantity of 0.350, indicated that the MAT (mean annual temperature), soil nitrogen concentration and stand age had a good relationship with the leaf P concentration and N:P ratio, while the second axis, with an explanatory quantity of 0.058, indicated that the leaf N concentration was less affected by the environmental factors. These results demonstrate that the leaf P concentration and N:P ratio are affected by the stand age, an uneven distribution of the heat and soil nutrient concentration status, and N, as the limiting element, remaining relatively stable. Overall, our findings revealed the response of leaf stoichiometric traits to environment change, which benefits the management of Chinese fir plantations.

ACS Style

Ran Tong; Benzhi Zhou; Lina Jiang; Xiaogai Ge; Yonghui Cao; Zhenya Yang. Leaf Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stoichiometry of Chinese fir Plantations across China: A Meta-Analysis. Forests 2019, 10, 945 .

AMA Style

Ran Tong, Benzhi Zhou, Lina Jiang, Xiaogai Ge, Yonghui Cao, Zhenya Yang. Leaf Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stoichiometry of Chinese fir Plantations across China: A Meta-Analysis. Forests. 2019; 10 (11):945.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ran Tong; Benzhi Zhou; Lina Jiang; Xiaogai Ge; Yonghui Cao; Zhenya Yang. 2019. "Leaf Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stoichiometry of Chinese fir Plantations across China: A Meta-Analysis." Forests 10, no. 11: 945.

Journal article
Published: 24 July 2019 in Forests
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Previous studies have shown that biochar fertilization has profound effects on plant and fine root growth, but there is a lack of studies on how changes in plant and soil stoichiometry by biochar fertilization influence plant growth and root morphology. We investigated the effects of biochar fertilization on biomass, root morphology, plant nutrient concentrations, and the stoichiometry of plants and soil in a greenhouse experiment with Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) (PM) and Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. (CL) throughout the 2017 growing season immediately following biochar fertilization application. Four levels of biochar treatment were used, i.e., addition rates of 0 (control), 5 (low biochar), 10 (medium biochar), and 20 t ha−1 (high biochar). Biochar fertilization had no effect on biomass, fine root length, or fine root surface area. Biochar treatment, however, had significant effects on nutrient levels and their stoichiometry in both plants and soil. Detrended correspondence analysis suggested that increases in soil C:N, soil C:P, and soil N:P were associated with increases in plant nutrient levels, especially P concentration. Our results indicate that biochar fertilization prioritizes enhancing plant and soil nutrients over increasing height and diameter in the first growing season. A higher biochar fertilization dosage has a major influence on root morphology for PM and on P concentrations in the plant and soil for CL, probably through different growth characteristics and nutrient resorption rates. Further studies, particularly those considering long-term effects, are necessary before general recommendations regarding biochar application should be given.

ACS Style

Xiaogai Ge; Zhenya Yang; Benzhi Zhou; Yonghui Cao; Wenfa Xiao; XiaoMing Wang; Mai-He Li. Biochar Fertilization Significantly Increases Nutrient Levels in Plants and Soil but Has No Effect on Biomass of Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) and Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook Saplings During the First Growing Season. Forests 2019, 10, 612 .

AMA Style

Xiaogai Ge, Zhenya Yang, Benzhi Zhou, Yonghui Cao, Wenfa Xiao, XiaoMing Wang, Mai-He Li. Biochar Fertilization Significantly Increases Nutrient Levels in Plants and Soil but Has No Effect on Biomass of Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) and Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook Saplings During the First Growing Season. Forests. 2019; 10 (8):612.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaogai Ge; Zhenya Yang; Benzhi Zhou; Yonghui Cao; Wenfa Xiao; XiaoMing Wang; Mai-He Li. 2019. "Biochar Fertilization Significantly Increases Nutrient Levels in Plants and Soil but Has No Effect on Biomass of Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) and Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook Saplings During the First Growing Season." Forests 10, no. 8: 612.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2013 in Advanced Topics in Science and Technology in China
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Illicium lanceolatum is a unique plant in traditional Chinese medicine. The shikimic acid, extracted from I.lanceolatum, has functions of anti-inflammatory, analgesic and inhibiting platelet aggregation, arterial and venous thrombosis and cerebral thrombosis. It can also function as an intermediate for anti-virus and anti-cancer drugs. For example, it is a vital element of Oseltamivirphosphate for anti-Avian Influenza. Because of this, I.lanceolatum and other species in this genus have been given an unprecedented attention and have potential for further development and utilization. Previous studies have shown that photosynthetic efficiency restricted the biomass and limited the Shikimic acid content of I.lanceolatum seedlings. The primary objective of the study was to examine the physiological and biochemical foundation of growth and biomass accumulation of I.lanceolatum seedlings and to provide theoretical guidance for regular cultivation. The chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics technique was used in this study. The kinetics parameters of fast chlorophyll fluorescence were measured for 4-year-old I.lanceolatum seedlings in Zhejiang province of China, under different light shading treatments (0%, 50% and 80%) using a plant efficiency analyzer (PEA) and JIP-test. The results showed that the maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II(Fv/Fm) decreased as the shading level increased. The ratio of Fv/Fm for 50% and 80% shading treatments decreased by 1.34% and 2.79% respectively, comparing with the control (0% shading treatment). The density of reaction centers(RC/CS) decreased by 2.94% and 13.63% for 50% and 80% shading treatments respectively, comparing with the control, and the energy dissipation per RC (DIo /RC) increased by 2.2% and 62.9% respectively. ANOVA analysis showed that actual light use efficiency, the fraction of absorbed light in photochemistry (P), for I.lanceolatum leaf under 50% shading exhibited no significant difference from the control(P > 0.05). However, for I.lanceolatum leaf under 80% shading, there was a significant decrease of the fraction of absorbed light in photochemistry (P) (P < 0.01). We concluded that I.lanceolatum seedlings under 50% shading could enhance the actual light use efficiency. The results obtained have physiological and biochemical implications for ways to improve biomass accumulation and content of Shikimic acid of I.lanceolatum plants.

ACS Style

Yonghui Cao; Benzhi Zhou; Rumin Zhang; Lianhong Gu. Response of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Illicium Lanceolatum to Different Light Conditions. Advanced Topics in Science and Technology in China 2013, 702 -706.

AMA Style

Yonghui Cao, Benzhi Zhou, Rumin Zhang, Lianhong Gu. Response of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Illicium Lanceolatum to Different Light Conditions. Advanced Topics in Science and Technology in China. 2013; ():702-706.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yonghui Cao; Benzhi Zhou; Rumin Zhang; Lianhong Gu. 2013. "Response of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Illicium Lanceolatum to Different Light Conditions." Advanced Topics in Science and Technology in China , no. : 702-706.