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The Belt and Road Initiative is the leading project in the regions along the ancient Silk Road. This aims to revive the New Silk Road (NSR) as a transnational space towards an era of new regional integration and globalization. Despite the potential economic effects on a global scale, local sustainability remains questionable. Building upon the central engagement in infrastructure improvements, this article aims to investigate the role of local sustainability in research along the New Silk Road. Starting with 597 scientific articles, this article conducts a systematic literature review on four levels of concretization to characterize the research field of the New Silk Road, and to develop in-depth insights systematically. The results reveal a research focus on economic growth, which is lacking in environmental considerations and especially the socio-cultural dimension of sustainability on a local scale. Future directions in local sustainability should therefore include local stakeholders to build a joint understanding of sustainability by recognizing the characteristics of regionalism upon which manifold local support of mega infrastructure can evolve. Given these findings, the New Silk Road emerges as a field of study that calls for interdisciplinary research on different spatial levels.
Hannes Thees. Towards Local Sustainability of Mega Infrastructure: Reviewing Research on the New Silk Road. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10612 .
AMA StyleHannes Thees. Towards Local Sustainability of Mega Infrastructure: Reviewing Research on the New Silk Road. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (24):10612.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHannes Thees. 2020. "Towards Local Sustainability of Mega Infrastructure: Reviewing Research on the New Silk Road." Sustainability 12, no. 24: 10612.
The increase in individual sports activities is stimulating the rise of sport-related forms of vacationing. This is further intensified by tourists seeking authentic experiences in host–guest relations, physical health and well-being, and the consumption of local products and services. Communities, especially those in developing countries, do not yet fully recognize the potential of local sports as a resource and competitive advantage in their destination development. In the same way, tourism research is lacking analyses regarding the role of the community and its specific sports identity. Given this, the present paper aims to systematically review the promising interface between community development and sports tourism. The research questions are based on the potential of identity-based sports and necessary local engagement. These efforts are pursued through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with 49 articles. The results reveal the thematic clusters, research features, and prevalent challenges and benefits that the community has to deal with. The discussion proposes the utilization of local sports identity in systematic product development and highlights increasing local engagement. In conclusion, we call for future research on non-event-related sports tourism, in-depth case studies, and multi-disciplinary concepts to foster local sustainability.
Valentin Herbold; Hannes Thees; Julian Philipp. The Host Community and Its Role in Sports Tourism—Exploring an Emerging Research Field. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10488 .
AMA StyleValentin Herbold, Hannes Thees, Julian Philipp. The Host Community and Its Role in Sports Tourism—Exploring an Emerging Research Field. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (24):10488.
Chicago/Turabian StyleValentin Herbold; Hannes Thees; Julian Philipp. 2020. "The Host Community and Its Role in Sports Tourism—Exploring an Emerging Research Field." Sustainability 12, no. 24: 10488.
Growing urban areas are facing an increased complexity of coordination and sustainable management whereby the handling of the interests of businesses, residents and tourists demands increased flexibility and openness. Such challenges are partly addressed by the concept of an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem. The idea of an Entrepreneurial Destination also adds the perspective of living and leisure and serves therefore as an overarching concept that defines economic roles and activities by highlighting urban attractiveness and the interplay of the abovementioned stakeholders. The conducted case study of Munich aims to explore the interconnectedness of work, life and leisure in an urban ecosystem. To do so, 17 semi-structured interviews are processed using the GABEK® method. Results indicate that residents, entrepreneurs and tourists in Munich benefit greatly from the high attractiveness caused by the interplay and interaction of those groups. Initiatives involving new concepts like coliving, coworking and coexperience have emerged in Munich with the main strength to extended networking and communication of stakeholders. This paper contributes to open the sector- and stakeholder-specific view and to regard urban development as a multidisciplinary approach, which combines entrepreneurship, changing social life concepts, participation and sustainability of regions.
Hannes Thees; Daniel Zacher; Christian Eckert. Work, life and leisure in an urban ecosystem - co-creating Munich as an Entrepreneurial Destination. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 2020, 44, 171 -183.
AMA StyleHannes Thees, Daniel Zacher, Christian Eckert. Work, life and leisure in an urban ecosystem - co-creating Munich as an Entrepreneurial Destination. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management. 2020; 44 ():171-183.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHannes Thees; Daniel Zacher; Christian Eckert. 2020. "Work, life and leisure in an urban ecosystem - co-creating Munich as an Entrepreneurial Destination." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 44, no. : 171-183.
The Belt and Road Initiative could increase the connectivity and the accessibility of destinations along the Ancient Silk Road. The success of a Silk Road tourism route, which passes between many countries within Asia and Europe, depends greatly on cross-border cooperation between neighboring countries. This book section aims to explore the factors of cross-border tourism via a qualitative research approach in the Southern Caucasus. The results reveal that a set of hard and soft factors—on a transnational scale, but also on a local scale—determine the development of cross-border projects and routes that support value creation within the participating countries.
Hannes Thees; Arne Schuhbert. Cross-Border Tourism in the Southern Caucasus—The Silk Road as a Facilitator for Joint Products. China and the New Silk Road 2020, 175 -186.
AMA StyleHannes Thees, Arne Schuhbert. Cross-Border Tourism in the Southern Caucasus—The Silk Road as a Facilitator for Joint Products. China and the New Silk Road. 2020; ():175-186.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHannes Thees; Arne Schuhbert. 2020. "Cross-Border Tourism in the Southern Caucasus—The Silk Road as a Facilitator for Joint Products." China and the New Silk Road , no. : 175-186.
Cultural routes are today a widespread phenomenon throughout the Industrialized Countries (IC) and have become more and more prominent as a tool for tourism development in recent years (Flognfeldt, 2005:37; Meyer, 2004:5). For countries in the Southern Caucasus, who profit from their bridging position between Europe and Asia, the planned revival of the Ancient Silk Road (ASR) in form of the New Silk Road (NSR) offers substantial potentials for economic diversification by means of tourism as a catalyzing industry. On the case of Azerbaijan, this study analyzes the potential to trigger regional economic diversification within the existing national destination-system in a framework of route development. To this end, the methodological approach builds upon a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods to diagnose the current degree of cluster maturity in the system, following the question of how Azerbaijan as a system of regional destination can access the transnational route system of the NSR.
Arne Schuhbert; Hannes Thees; Valentin Herbold; Johanna Weinreiter; Markus Kantsperger. Cultural Tourism Routes as Incubators for Innovation and Economic Diversification: A Potential Analysis in the Framework of the New Silk Road Initiative in Azerbaijan. Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsgeographie 2020, 64, 211 -232.
AMA StyleArne Schuhbert, Hannes Thees, Valentin Herbold, Johanna Weinreiter, Markus Kantsperger. Cultural Tourism Routes as Incubators for Innovation and Economic Diversification: A Potential Analysis in the Framework of the New Silk Road Initiative in Azerbaijan. Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsgeographie. 2020; 64 (4):211-232.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArne Schuhbert; Hannes Thees; Valentin Herbold; Johanna Weinreiter; Markus Kantsperger. 2020. "Cultural Tourism Routes as Incubators for Innovation and Economic Diversification: A Potential Analysis in the Framework of the New Silk Road Initiative in Azerbaijan." Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsgeographie 64, no. 4: 211-232.
Growing numbers of tourist arrivals, in combination with community-centered tourism products, have fueled the recent debate on overtourism and a redefining of local steering processes. This has also called for the participation of residents in governance processes. One tool to utilize residents’ participation and cross-stakeholder involvement is the Living Lab (LL), which also functions as a medium for self-organization. This article tackles the research gap that exists in the combination of the LL mechanisms and destination governance (DG). Therefore, the research questions address the characteristics and mechanisms of LLs and the potential for residents’ participation. These efforts are operationalized through a systematic literature review (SLR) on LLs, which involves 40 articles. The transfer of the LL characteristics towards DG reveals that certain drivers and barriers exist when implementing the LL in the governance process, such as the combination of destination and city planning or the redefining of hierarchical structures. The SLR recommendations for future research are based on the interface of LL and DG.
Hannes Thees; Harald Pechlaner; Natalie Olbrich; Arne Schuhbert. The Living Lab as a Tool to Promote Residents’ Participation in Destination Governance. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1120 .
AMA StyleHannes Thees, Harald Pechlaner, Natalie Olbrich, Arne Schuhbert. The Living Lab as a Tool to Promote Residents’ Participation in Destination Governance. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (3):1120.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHannes Thees; Harald Pechlaner; Natalie Olbrich; Arne Schuhbert. 2020. "The Living Lab as a Tool to Promote Residents’ Participation in Destination Governance." Sustainability 12, no. 3: 1120.
This study applies an adapted approach of the traditional view on local participation in tourism development. First, the study mainly focuses on exploring the patterns behind participation instead of the reasons for participation. Second, a case is chosen that transcends the interest in researching participation in developing countries. Third, the study focuses on non-tourism related residents, an under-researched group of stakeholders. It is thus investigated how non-tourism related residents face the process of participation in tourism development and what the main barriers and drivers are in this regard. To discuss this issue, the study takes a closer look at the case of Bad Reichenhall, an Alpine Destination in Germany. 15 qualitative interviews are conducted with non-tourism related residents and further evaluated through a qualitative content analysis. The results underline that tourism represents a public domain that concerns all stakeholders of a destination. The typology derived throughout the study reflects the heterogeneity of non-tourism related residents, coming up with four types of non-tourism related residents facing participation in tourism development rather differently. Various barriers and drivers are revealed that impact non-tourism related residents from both a personal and general point of view. Non-tourism related residents turn out as a promising and important target group in the discourse of stakeholder participation in tourism development.
Markus Kantsperger; Hannes Thees; Christian Eckert. Local Participation in Tourism Development—Roles of Non-Tourism Related Residents of the Alpine Destination Bad Reichenhall. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6947 .
AMA StyleMarkus Kantsperger, Hannes Thees, Christian Eckert. Local Participation in Tourism Development—Roles of Non-Tourism Related Residents of the Alpine Destination Bad Reichenhall. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (24):6947.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarkus Kantsperger; Hannes Thees; Christian Eckert. 2019. "Local Participation in Tourism Development—Roles of Non-Tourism Related Residents of the Alpine Destination Bad Reichenhall." Sustainability 11, no. 24: 6947.
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) of the Republic of China is a global infrastructure project with high trade ambitions, but uncertain regional outcomes. This exploratory analysis investigates the drivers and the processes enabling positive regional effects of the BRI in terms of local service industry development. Under the interpretation of the BRI as a global transport system, we identify and explore three levels of analysis: the global scale of the BRI, the regional scale of its corridors and the local scale of transit regions. Along the Trans-Caspian corridor, Georgia is analyzed as a unique example of transit region aiming deliberately to develop its tertiary sector around the BRI infrastructure. To assess the attitude of stakeholders towards the BRI and its impacts on local service development, a qualitative research strategy is applied. Nineteen semi-structured interviews are processed using the GABEK method. Results reveal uncertain positions towards the BRI initiative. However, a need for a national strategy and a transnational governance system clearly stands out to enforce transit countries and counterbalance the dependency on China’s foreign investments. The intervention of national governments is deemed as crucial also to facilitate knowledge transfer, business opportunities and to increase bottom-up participation of local inhabitants.
H. Pechlaner; H. Thees; W. Manske-Wang; Anna Scuttari. Local service industry and tourism development through the global trade and infrastructure project of the New Silk Road – the example of Georgia. The Service Industries Journal 2019, 41, 553 -579.
AMA StyleH. Pechlaner, H. Thees, W. Manske-Wang, Anna Scuttari. Local service industry and tourism development through the global trade and infrastructure project of the New Silk Road – the example of Georgia. The Service Industries Journal. 2019; 41 (7-8):553-579.
Chicago/Turabian StyleH. Pechlaner; H. Thees; W. Manske-Wang; Anna Scuttari. 2019. "Local service industry and tourism development through the global trade and infrastructure project of the New Silk Road – the example of Georgia." The Service Industries Journal 41, no. 7-8: 553-579.