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Dr. JOSÉ ALBERTO MARTÍNEZ
Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands- SPAIN

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Entrepreneurship
0 Higher Education
0 Leadership
0 Tourism
0 Consumer Behaviour

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Short Biography

For more than thirty years I have complimented the activity of consultant and coach with training in human resources and business management, for companies and public and private institutions in different sectors (CEOE, ASHOTEL, etc.), including tourism. Since 2010 I have been working as a professor and researcher in the Department of Business Management and Economic History at the University of La Laguna. At that university, I have been part of the management team and I have also held management positions at the university, the Faculty of Economics, Business and Tourism, and the department to which I belong. The degree in psycho-pedagogy and the doctorate in psychology, together with the degree in economics and business and the doctorate in tourism, have allowed me to develop various research projects, publish some articles, and present papers at various regional, national and international conferences. Particularly I have developed the activity in the field of education, human behavior in tourism, and entrepreneurship.

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Journal article
Published: 04 August 2021 in Mathematics
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This article studies the variables of entrepreneurship at the regional (countries) level proposed by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) in its periodic global reports. This response to the suggestions and concerns of various authors is related to the need to analyze the theoretical foundation of the variables used by GEM. The validity and reliability of GEM data for the scientific study of entrepreneurship are also analyzed. Finally, the potential of GEM data to manage entrepreneurship variables at the country level is studied. Data from the GEM global report and the fifty countries for which data are available on all variables are used in the study. The methodology used is the Rasch mathematical model, a valuable alternative to the Classical Theory of the Test. The results confirm the theoretical validity of GEM data, its validity and reliability for the development of scientific studies, and its potential for managing entrepreneurship variables at the country level. Both the methodology used and the conclusions obtained constitute novel contributions to this field.

ACS Style

José Martínez-González; Urszula Kobylinska; Desiderio Gutiérrez-Taño. Exploring Personal and Contextual Variables of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor through the Rasch Mathematical Model. Mathematics 2021, 9, 1838 .

AMA Style

José Martínez-González, Urszula Kobylinska, Desiderio Gutiérrez-Taño. Exploring Personal and Contextual Variables of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor through the Rasch Mathematical Model. Mathematics. 2021; 9 (16):1838.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Martínez-González; Urszula Kobylinska; Desiderio Gutiérrez-Taño. 2021. "Exploring Personal and Contextual Variables of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor through the Rasch Mathematical Model." Mathematics 9, no. 16: 1838.

Journal article
Published: 25 June 2021 in Sustainability
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In this paper, the potential of the World Economic Forum (WEF) model to analyze tourism competitiveness is studied. The study aims to analyze the WEF model’s validity, reliability and dimensionality. It attempts to determine the WEF model’s potential for studying tourism destinations’ competitiveness in an integrated context. Finally, using the WEF model, Portugal’s competitiveness is analyzed in an integrated and benchmarking context. The methodology used in this study is the Rasch mathematical model, a methodology that has been effectively demonstrated in social sciences. Competitiveness data from the latest available WEF Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report (TTCR-2019) has been used. The results show that the WEF model is statistically valid and reliable for studying competitiveness in tourism. Likewise, the WEF model’s high potential for the joint study of competitiveness and individual countries in an integrated and benchmarking context is confirmed. The study facilitates the development of policies to improve tourism competitiveness.

ACS Style

José Martínez-González; Vidina Díaz-Padilla; Eduardo Parra-López. Study of the Tourism Competitiveness Model of the World Economic Forum Using Rasch’s Mathematical Model: The Case of Portugal. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7169 .

AMA Style

José Martínez-González, Vidina Díaz-Padilla, Eduardo Parra-López. Study of the Tourism Competitiveness Model of the World Economic Forum Using Rasch’s Mathematical Model: The Case of Portugal. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7169.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Martínez-González; Vidina Díaz-Padilla; Eduardo Parra-López. 2021. "Study of the Tourism Competitiveness Model of the World Economic Forum Using Rasch’s Mathematical Model: The Case of Portugal." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7169.

Journal article
Published: 29 January 2021 in Sustainability
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This study analyzes the influence of site personalization, first impression, and design on young consumers’ loyalty to tourism websites. It is a new and necessary study, taking into account the multimedia profile and purchasing potential of the studied segment, the need for increasing online consumer loyalty, and the tourism websites’ relevance. Based on previous findings and using a sample of 609 young consumers, a causal model (PLS) is designed that is practical, novel, and significantly predicts online loyalty. The descriptive analysis results show young consumers’ positive attitudes toward e-commerce and their high online use and potential for making online purchases. The significant influence of site personalization on consumers’ first impression is also confirmed. In addition, first impression influence perceived website quality, and, in turn, this quality affects consumers’ online purchase intention and loyalty to the website. Finally, it is shown that online purchase intention has a direct and positive influence on website loyalty. Thus, this study provides tourism managers with the knowledge to encourage young consumers’ loyalty to their websites in a market orientation context. It can be achieved by acting on the site’s personalisation, the first impression, and the design of the site. The generational approach (Generation Z) also allows the conclusions and implications to be transferred to other regions and sectors.

ACS Style

José Martínez-González; Carmen Álvarez-Albelo. Influence of Site Personalization and First Impression on Young Consumers’ Loyalty to Tourism Websites. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1425 .

AMA Style

José Martínez-González, Carmen Álvarez-Albelo. Influence of Site Personalization and First Impression on Young Consumers’ Loyalty to Tourism Websites. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1425.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Martínez-González; Carmen Álvarez-Albelo. 2021. "Influence of Site Personalization and First Impression on Young Consumers’ Loyalty to Tourism Websites." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1425.

Journal article
Published: 05 January 2021 in Sustainability
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This paper aims to analyze the external and internal drivers of young consumers’ intention to participate in the sharing economy in tourism. From previous findings, a causal model (PLS) is designed to generate an integrated, practical, and novel structural model that significantly predicts the intention to participate. The model, consisting of nine dimensions, includes consumers’ external and internal variables. Separately, these variables have all been considered relevant in the literature, though they have not been studied jointly before. The descriptive results show the excellent attitude and predisposition of young people toward the tourism sharing economy, which facilitates their participation. Through the model, the importance of all internal and external consumer variables in the formation of intention are proven; however, attitude and social norm are most notable among them. Trust is also a critical variable that serves as the link between internal and external variables. The study provides managers of sharing economy platforms with knowledge to encourage young consumers’ participation in a communication and market orientation context. The generational approach (Generation Z) used also allows the conclusions and implications to be transferred to other regions and sectors.

ACS Style

José Martínez-González; Eduardo Parra-López; Almudena Barrientos-Báez. Young Consumers’ Intention to Participate in the Sharing Economy: An Integrated Model. Sustainability 2021, 13, 430 .

AMA Style

José Martínez-González, Eduardo Parra-López, Almudena Barrientos-Báez. Young Consumers’ Intention to Participate in the Sharing Economy: An Integrated Model. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (1):430.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Martínez-González; Eduardo Parra-López; Almudena Barrientos-Báez. 2021. "Young Consumers’ Intention to Participate in the Sharing Economy: An Integrated Model." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 430.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2020 in aDResearch ESIC International Journal of Communication Research
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ACS Style

Almudena Barrientos-Báez; Eduardo Parra-Lopez; Jose Alberto Martínez González. La imagen y empoderamiento de la mujer en el sector turístico. aDResearch ESIC International Journal of Communication Research 2020, 22, 164 -175.

AMA Style

Almudena Barrientos-Báez, Eduardo Parra-Lopez, Jose Alberto Martínez González. La imagen y empoderamiento de la mujer en el sector turístico. aDResearch ESIC International Journal of Communication Research. 2020; 22 (22):164-175.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Almudena Barrientos-Báez; Eduardo Parra-Lopez; Jose Alberto Martínez González. 2020. "La imagen y empoderamiento de la mujer en el sector turístico." aDResearch ESIC International Journal of Communication Research 22, no. 22: 164-175.

Journal article
Published: 21 February 2020 in Journal of Destination Marketing & Management
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This study analyzes, in a generational context, the influence of young consumers' external and internal variables on their e-loyalty to tourism sites. Using a large sample and employing structural equations (PLS), a new model is generated that includes two external variables (site design and eWOM) and two internal variables (trust and satisfaction), to which the intention to purchase online is added. These variables are very important in e-commerce and tourism, and they have not previously been studied jointly. The results show that the impact of consumers’ internal variables is greater than the impact from external ones. Moreover, the proposed causal model is practical and can be easily applied by tourism companies to improve site e-loyalty in the context of market orientation. The Importance-Performance Analysis (IPMA) carried out shows the importance of satisfaction over other variables.

ACS Style

Dimitrios Buhalis; Eduardo Parra López; Jose Alberto Martinez-Gonzalez. Influence of young consumers’ external and internal variables on their e-loyalty to tourism sites. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 2020, 15, 100409 .

AMA Style

Dimitrios Buhalis, Eduardo Parra López, Jose Alberto Martinez-Gonzalez. Influence of young consumers’ external and internal variables on their e-loyalty to tourism sites. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. 2020; 15 ():100409.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dimitrios Buhalis; Eduardo Parra López; Jose Alberto Martinez-Gonzalez. 2020. "Influence of young consumers’ external and internal variables on their e-loyalty to tourism sites." Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 15, no. : 100409.

Journal article
Published: 07 December 2019 in Sustainability
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Entrepreneurial intentions determine to a large extent the entrepreneurial behavior; therefore, the study of those intentions and the factors that influence them constitute a valid research area. The purpose of this regional comparative study was to design a new causal model of the formation of the entrepreneurial intention among young adults in Spain and Poland. Using the Structural Equation Modeling (PLS) methodology, the results show that subjective variables (beliefs, social norms, values) initiate the chain of effects that influence the action variables (motivation, self-efficacy, intention). Attitude is the nexus variable between both groups of variables. It is verified that there are no significant differences in the responses to the items or in the causal relationships of the model between both countries. This confirms the relevance of a homogenizing generational approach at a global level that allows the application of policies to promote the entrepreneurial intention for the entire segment. The proposed model takes into account and complements the previous designs, and is practical because it can be used at different levels of the education sector and by institutions promoting entrepreneurship and sustainability.

ACS Style

José Alberto Martínez-González; Urszula Kobylinska; Francisco J. García-Rodríguez; Lukasz Nazarko. Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Intention among Young People: Model and Regional Evidence. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6993 .

AMA Style

José Alberto Martínez-González, Urszula Kobylinska, Francisco J. García-Rodríguez, Lukasz Nazarko. Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Intention among Young People: Model and Regional Evidence. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (24):6993.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Alberto Martínez-González; Urszula Kobylinska; Francisco J. García-Rodríguez; Lukasz Nazarko. 2019. "Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Intention among Young People: Model and Regional Evidence." Sustainability 11, no. 24: 6993.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2019 in Engineering Management in Production and Services
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This article analyses the influence of personal variables on entrepreneurial intentions of students from Poland and Spain. The article presents an integrated structural model that has been developed from a set of student perceptions from both countries. A small number of variables included in the model allows explaining and managing the formation of the intention in the context of higher education. This study provides answers to the following questions: What role do personal variables play as motivation in the formation of entrepreneurship in the case of young people? Is the motivation stronger than self-efficacy? What are the differences in the perceptions and ratings of students in Poland and Spain? How can these variables be enhanced? This work used a causal quantitative methodology based on structural equations (PLS) and the Smart PLS-3.0 program. The PLS model was chosen for its advantages in the study of human behaviour and its optimal predictive potential, and because it allows the use of reflective indicators. In the causal model generated with a sample of 721 respondents from Poland and Spain, it was found that personal values initiated the chain of effects that influenced the attitude and, through it, successively resulted in motivation, self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions. Therefore, the subjective variables (values and attitudes) have a positive and significant influence on the action variables (motivation and self-efficacy), and these affect entrepreneurial intentions. The absence of significant regional differences in the responses to the items and the causal relationships of the model suggests the possibility of developing integrated and homogeneous programmes for the entire segment, thereby achieving synergies. The results suppose a theoretical and practical contribution to the promotion of entrepreneur intentions of university students inside and outside the educational context, suggesting a possible effect of personal variables on entrepreneurial intentions.

ACS Style

Jose Alberto Martínez González; Urszula Kobylińska. Influence of personal variables on entrepreneurial intention: A comparative study between Poland and Spain. Engineering Management in Production and Services 2019, 11, 68 -79.

AMA Style

Jose Alberto Martínez González, Urszula Kobylińska. Influence of personal variables on entrepreneurial intention: A comparative study between Poland and Spain. Engineering Management in Production and Services. 2019; 11 (1):68-79.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jose Alberto Martínez González; Urszula Kobylińska. 2019. "Influence of personal variables on entrepreneurial intention: A comparative study between Poland and Spain." Engineering Management in Production and Services 11, no. 1: 68-79.

Review
Published: 14 May 2018 in Tourism Review
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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to synthesize the published works about tourism in the island. Island destinations, especially smaller ones, suffer the negative effects of tourism more than other destinations. This is because of the characteristics of island destinations and the negative impacts arising from their inadequate management by different stakeholders. For these reasons, and conversely because tourism favors the social and economic development of islands, there has been a great deal of research published on insular tourism in the literature at a global level. Despite the number of studies carried out from different approaches, none have synthesized this scientific production. Thus, the main contribution of this paper is the use of a bibliometric and descriptive approach to carry out a thorough review of studies published on tourist development in island destinations.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a bibliometric and descriptive approach to carry out a comprehensive review of the published studies on tourism development in island destinations in the past decade with special emphasis on the items analyzed, places of analysis and scientific journals that have addressed this topic.FindingsThe results of the analysis of the literature show the interest of the study of tourism in island destinations. This interest is partly due to the attraction that tourists have for this type of destinations and the need to promote their sustainable management as tourism destinations (Cusick, 2009, Hall, 2011, Cave and Brown, 2012, López, Orgaz, Marmolejo and Alector, 2016). In addition, tourism in island destinations constitutes an opportunity for economic development and benefits both the local population and its visitors (Fabinyi, 2010; Porter et al., 2015).Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of this paper is the great diversity of tourist destinations made up of islands, the complex nature of these destinations and tourism and the quantity and diversity of research carried out into them. This aspect has already been highlighted by other authors and makes it complex to determine which research should be included or excluded in this review.Practical implicationsImportantly, the results allow researchers and decision-makers to identify the main areas of interest in the study of island tourism and the reasons for this interest. They also indicate new areas of interest and in-depth studies. Thus, professionals have a map that shows the most relevant factors in tourism development for this type of destination and the variables that, both from a positive and a negative point of view, influence its development.Social implicationsThis research shows that the main areas of interest is island destination are the quality of life of the local community, stakeholder collaboration, sustainability, diversification and seasonality, marketing, consumer behavior/perception and segmentation, planning of tourism activity, information and technology, competitiveness and efficiency.Originality/valueAs evidenced by the amount of research carried out, there is a great deal of interest in tourism in island destinations. This interest arises from the specific characteristics and the interest of tourists themselves in this type of destination, as well as from the negative impacts and opportunities generated by island tourism. Nevertheless, the number of references obtained for tourism in island destinations (N= 949) represents only 0.2 per cent of the total number of studies referring to only “island” in the SCOPUS consultation (339,607 studies). Thus, one of the contributions of this paper has been to highlight the need to continue studying and reviewing in greater depth research on insular tourism.

ACS Style

Eduardo Parra-López; Jose Alberto Martínez González. Tourism research on island destinations: a review. Tourism Review 2018, 73, 133 -155.

AMA Style

Eduardo Parra-López, Jose Alberto Martínez González. Tourism research on island destinations: a review. Tourism Review. 2018; 73 (2):133-155.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eduardo Parra-López; Jose Alberto Martínez González. 2018. "Tourism research on island destinations: a review." Tourism Review 73, no. 2: 133-155.

Book chapter
Published: 23 March 2018 in Strategic management in tourism
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This chapter highlights the importance of an international strategic approach in tourism and evaluates the strategic internationalization strategies...

ACS Style

E. Parra-López; V. Yanes-Estévez; M. Melchior-Navarro; Jose Alberto Martínez González. International strategies in tourism. Strategic management in tourism 2018, 248 -263.

AMA Style

E. Parra-López, V. Yanes-Estévez, M. Melchior-Navarro, Jose Alberto Martínez González. International strategies in tourism. Strategic management in tourism. 2018; ():248-263.

Chicago/Turabian Style

E. Parra-López; V. Yanes-Estévez; M. Melchior-Navarro; Jose Alberto Martínez González. 2018. "International strategies in tourism." Strategic management in tourism , no. : 248-263.

Journal article
Published: 25 January 2018 in European Journal of Management and Business Economics
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the drivers of the formation of e-loyalty in a tourist destination, providing a model composed of variables that are under the control of the firm along with others that are not fully controllable by professionals. Design/methodology/approach The study was carried out with a sample of 497 subjects, university students and online consumers, and with the use of structural equations (partial least squares). Findings Results show that young people give a high valuation to all the variables used in the research. These results contribute to the literature on e-loyalty in tourism destinations and improve tourism loyalty in this population segment. Research limitations/implications The main limitation of this research has been related to the number of variables and measurement indicators that, according to the literature review, influence e-loyalty. Finally, a balanced and statistically significant model has been developed that has practical utility and analyzes online purchase of tourism products from a process perspective that includes variables that are internal and external to the firm. Practical implications The study suggests that young people have a favourable attitude and predisposition towards e-commerce, which, in turn, favours firms’ efforts to promote consumption and loyalty within the framework of the model’s variables. Originality/value This research paper has important value by analysing the initiating variables to determine how e-loyalty can be managed in tourist destinations, in addition to analysing an important segment for future tourism development.

ACS Style

Eduardo Parra-Lopez; Jose Alberto Martínez González; Angel Chinea-Martin. Drivers of the formation of e-loyalty towards tourism destinations. European Journal of Management and Business Economics 2018, 27, 66 -82.

AMA Style

Eduardo Parra-Lopez, Jose Alberto Martínez González, Angel Chinea-Martin. Drivers of the formation of e-loyalty towards tourism destinations. European Journal of Management and Business Economics. 2018; 27 (1):66-82.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eduardo Parra-Lopez; Jose Alberto Martínez González; Angel Chinea-Martin. 2018. "Drivers of the formation of e-loyalty towards tourism destinations." European Journal of Management and Business Economics 27, no. 1: 66-82.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2017 in Journal of Destination Marketing & Management
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ACS Style

Jose Alberto Martínez González; Eduardo Parra-Lopez; Dimitrios Buhalis. The loyalty of young residents in an island destination: An integrated model. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 2017, 6, 444 -455.

AMA Style

Jose Alberto Martínez González, Eduardo Parra-Lopez, Dimitrios Buhalis. The loyalty of young residents in an island destination: An integrated model. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. 2017; 6 (4):444-455.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jose Alberto Martínez González; Eduardo Parra-Lopez; Dimitrios Buhalis. 2017. "The loyalty of young residents in an island destination: An integrated model." Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 6, no. 4: 444-455.

Journal article
Published: 29 May 2017 in Cuadernos de Turismo
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En un contexto de turismo doméstico responsable y sostenible este trabajo tiene el objetivo de analizar el papel del apego al lugar, la familiaridad y la identidad de lugar en la formación de la lealtad del joven residente. La lealtad se define como la intención de visitar nuevamente el propio destino de residencia o de recomendarlo a otras personas. En el estudio no se incluyen aquellas variables de la empresa o del producto que son tradicionalmente tenidas en cuenta en el estudio de la formación de la lealtad en el sector turístico. Se constata que los niveles de todas las variables son altos y se genera un modelo causal que explica la formación de la lealtad exclusivamente a partir de las variables mencionadas. Aunque el análisis discriminante demuestra que no existen diferencias significativas en las respuestas de los jóvenes residentes en función del sexo, de la isla de residencia o de la cantidad de viajes realizados en el propio destino, en el trabajo se pone de manifiesto que sí existen algunas diferencias por razones de sexo en determinadas relaciones causales del modelo estructural propuesto.

ACS Style

Eduardo Parra López; Jose Alberto Martínez González. La lealtad del joven residente a través de las variables que le vinculan con su destino turístico. Cuadernos de Turismo 2017, 455 -480.

AMA Style

Eduardo Parra López, Jose Alberto Martínez González. La lealtad del joven residente a través de las variables que le vinculan con su destino turístico. Cuadernos de Turismo. 2017; (39):455-480.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eduardo Parra López; Jose Alberto Martínez González. 2017. "La lealtad del joven residente a través de las variables que le vinculan con su destino turístico." Cuadernos de Turismo , no. 39: 455-480.

Journal article
Published: 07 April 2017 in Innovar
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El objetivo de este estudio es determinar las variables estratégicas que intervienen en la formación de la lealtad del joven residente en un destino formado por islas y en un contexto de turismo doméstico1. Utilizando una muestra de 678 jóvenes residentes en las Islas Canarias (España), se ha generado un modelo estructural significativo en el que se incluyen variables relacionadas con la empresa, con el producto turístico y con el residente. Los resultados demuestran que la orientación al mercado constituye el primer eslabón de una cadena de efectos que conducen a la lealtad, y que la satisfacción es la única variable que determina directamente la lealtad. Los resultados también constatan que no existen diferencias significativas en dichas percepciones por razones de sexo, isla de residencia o cantidad de viajes realizados. Este hallazgo pone de manifiesto el carácter generacional del estudio y la posibilidad de generalizar las conclusiones sobre dicho segmento a otros destinos.

ACS Style

José Alberto Martínez González; Noemi Padrón-Fumero; Eduardo Parra-Lopez. Determinantes estratégicos en la formación de la lealtad del joven residente: el caso de las Islas Canarias. Innovar 2017, 27, 75 -90.

AMA Style

José Alberto Martínez González, Noemi Padrón-Fumero, Eduardo Parra-Lopez. Determinantes estratégicos en la formación de la lealtad del joven residente: el caso de las Islas Canarias. Innovar. 2017; 27 (64):75-90.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Alberto Martínez González; Noemi Padrón-Fumero; Eduardo Parra-Lopez. 2017. "Determinantes estratégicos en la formación de la lealtad del joven residente: el caso de las Islas Canarias." Innovar 27, no. 64: 75-90.