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Prof. Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw
West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Department of Renewable Energy Engineering

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0 Bioenergy
0 Bioremediation
0 Phytoremediation
0 Renewable Energy
0 microorganisms

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Journal article
Published: 14 August 2021 in Sustainability
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Microalgae are one of the most promising sources of renewable substrates used for energy purposes. Biomass and components accumulated in their cells can be used to produce a wide range of biofuels, but the profitability of their production is still not at a sufficient level. Significant costs are generated, i.a., during the cultivation of microalgae, and are connected with providing suitable culture conditions. This study aims to evaluate the possibility of using sodium bicarbonate as an inexpensive alternative CO2 source in the culture of Chlorella vulgaris, promoting not only the increase of microalgae biomass production but also lipid accumulation. The study was carried out at technical scale using 100 L photobioreactors. Gravimetric and spectrophotometric methods were used to evaluate biomass growth. Lipid content was determined using a mixture of chloroform and methanol according to the Blight and Dyer method, while the carbon content and CO2 fixation rate were measured according to the Walkley and Black method. In batch culture, even a small addition of bicarbonate resulted in a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in the amount of biomass, productivity and optical density compared to non-bicarbonate cultures. At 2.0 g∙L–1, biomass content was 572 ± 4 mg·L−1, the maximum productivity was 7.0 ± 1.0 mg·L–1·d–1, and the optical density was 0.181 ± 0.00. There was also an increase in the lipid content (26 ± 4%) and the carbon content in the biomass (1322 ± 0.062 g∙dw–1), as well as a higher rate of carbon dioxide fixation (0.925 ± 0.073 g·L–1·d–1). The cultivation of microalgae in enlarged scale photobioreactors provides a significant technological challenge. The obtained results can be useful to evaluate the efficiency of biomass and valuable cellular components production in closed systems realized at industrial scale.

ACS Style

Patryk Ratomski; Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Adam Koniuszy. Utilisation of CO2 from Sodium Bicarbonate to Produce Chlorella vulgaris Biomass in Tubular Photobioreactors for Biofuel Purposes. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9118 .

AMA Style

Patryk Ratomski, Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw, Adam Koniuszy. Utilisation of CO2 from Sodium Bicarbonate to Produce Chlorella vulgaris Biomass in Tubular Photobioreactors for Biofuel Purposes. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9118.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Patryk Ratomski; Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Adam Koniuszy. 2021. "Utilisation of CO2 from Sodium Bicarbonate to Produce Chlorella vulgaris Biomass in Tubular Photobioreactors for Biofuel Purposes." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9118.

Journal article
Published: 29 April 2021 in Catalysts
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Microalgal biomass and its cellular components are used as substrates for the production of fuels. A valuable group among the components of microalgal biomass is lipids, which act as a precursor for the production of biodiesel in the transesterification process. Some methods, including the creation of stressful conditions, are applied to increase the accumulation of lipids. This study aimed to determine the effect of limited nutrient access on the growth and development of the microalga Chlorella vulgaris and the amount of lipids stored in its cells. Aquaculture wastewater (AWW) was used in the study as a source of nutrients at doses of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%. The amount of microalgal biomass, optical density, lipid content after extraction of the biomass in Soxhlet apparatus and chlorophyll a content were determined. It was observed that the microalgae efficiently used the nutrients contained in the AWW. The largest amount of biomass was obtained in AWW80 (727 ± 19.64 mg·L−1). The OD680 (0.492 ± 0.00) determined under the same conditions was almost five times higher in AWW than in the synthetic medium. Under nutrient-stress conditions, the content of lipids in biomass ranged from 5.75% (AWW80) to 11.81% (AWW20). The highest content of chlorophyll a in microalgal cells was obtained in AWW20 (206 ± 11.33 mg∙m−3).

ACS Style

Patryk Ratomski; Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. Influence of Nutrient-Stress Conditions on Chlorella vulgaris Biomass Production and Lipid Content. Catalysts 2021, 11, 573 .

AMA Style

Patryk Ratomski, Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. Influence of Nutrient-Stress Conditions on Chlorella vulgaris Biomass Production and Lipid Content. Catalysts. 2021; 11 (5):573.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Patryk Ratomski; Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. 2021. "Influence of Nutrient-Stress Conditions on Chlorella vulgaris Biomass Production and Lipid Content." Catalysts 11, no. 5: 573.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Biomass of microalgae and the components contained in their cells can be used for the production of heat, electricity, and biofuels. The aim of the presented study was to determine the optimal conditions that will be the most favorable for the production of large amounts of microalgae biomass intended for energy purposes. The study analyzed the effect of the type of lighting, the time of lighting culture, and the pH of the culture medium on the growth of Chlorella vulgaris biomass. The experiment was carried out in vertical tube photobioreactors in three photoperiods: 12/12, 18/6, and 24/0 h (light/dark). Two types of lighting were used in the work: high-pressure sodium light and light-emitting diode. The increase in biomass was determined by the gravimetric method, by the spectrophotometric method on the basis of chlorophyll a contained in the microalgae cells. The number of microalgae cells was also determined with the use of a hemocytometer. The optimal conditions for the production of biomass were recorded at a neutral pH, illuminating the cultures for 18 h a day. The obtained results were 546 ± 7.88 mg·L−1 dry weight under sodium lighting and 543 ± 1.92 mg·L−1 dry weight under light-emitting diode, with maximum biomass productivity of 27.08 ± 7.80 and 25.00 ± 5.1 mg·L−1∙d−1, respectively. The maximum content of chlorophyll a in cells was determined in the 12/12 h cycle and pH 6 (136 ± 14.13 mg∙m−3) under light-emitting diode and 18/6 h, pH 7 (135 ± 6.17 mg∙m−3) under sodium light, with maximum productivity of 26.34 ± 2.01 mg·m−3∙d−1 (light-emitting diode) and 24.21 ± 8.89 mg·m−3∙d−1 (sodium light). The largest number of microalgae cells (2.1 × 106) was obtained at pH 7 and photoperiod of 18/6 h under sodium light, and 12/12 h under light-emitting diode. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the determination of the optimal parameters for the growth and development of microalgae determines the production of their biomass, and such research should be carried out before starting the large-scale production process. In quantifying the biomass during cultivation, it is advantageous to use direct measurement methods.

ACS Style

Patryk Ratomski; Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. Production of Chlorella vulgaris Biomass in Tubular Photobioreactors during Different Culture Conditions. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 3106 .

AMA Style

Patryk Ratomski, Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. Production of Chlorella vulgaris Biomass in Tubular Photobioreactors during Different Culture Conditions. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (7):3106.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Patryk Ratomski; Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. 2021. "Production of Chlorella vulgaris Biomass in Tubular Photobioreactors during Different Culture Conditions." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7: 3106.

Journal article
Published: 16 November 2020 in Energies
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Microalgae are a renewable source of unconventional biomass with potential application in the production of various biofuels. The production of carbon-neutral fuels is necessary for protecting the environment. This work determined the possibility of producing biomass of microalgae belonging to Monoraphidium genus using saline wastewater resulting from proecological salmon farming in the recirculating aquaculture system. The tests were carried out in tubular photobioreactors using LED light. As a part of the analyses, the growth and productivity of microalgal biomass, cell density in culture, and lipid concentration and ash content in biomass were determined. In addition, the concentration of selected phosphorus and nitrogen forms present in wastewater corresponding to the degree of their use by microalgae as a nutrient substrate was determined. The biomass concentration estimated in the tests was 3.79 g·L−1, while the maximum biomass productivity was 0.46 g·L−1·d−1. The cells’ optical density in culture measured at 680 nm was 0.648. The lipid content in biomass was 18.53% (dry basis), and the ash content was 32.34%. It was found that microalgae of the genus Monoraphidium effectively used the nitrogen as well as phosphorus forms present in the wastewater for their growth. The total nitrogen content in the sewage decreased by 82.62%, and total phosphorus content by over 99%. The analysis of the individual forms of nitrogen showed that N-NO3 was reduced by 85.37% and N-NO2 by 78.43%, while orthophosphate (V) dissolved in water was reduced by 99%. However, the content of N-NH4 in wastewater from the beginning till the end of the experiment remained −1.

ACS Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Adam Koniuszy; Małgorzata Gałczyńska. Sustainable Production of Monoraphidium Microalgae Biomass as a Source of Bioenergy. Energies 2020, 13, 5975 .

AMA Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw, Adam Koniuszy, Małgorzata Gałczyńska. Sustainable Production of Monoraphidium Microalgae Biomass as a Source of Bioenergy. Energies. 2020; 13 (22):5975.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Adam Koniuszy; Małgorzata Gałczyńska. 2020. "Sustainable Production of Monoraphidium Microalgae Biomass as a Source of Bioenergy." Energies 13, no. 22: 5975.

Journal article
Published: 28 October 2020 in Energies
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Biofuels used as biocomponents for transport fuels should meet quality requirements. Their properties have a significant impact on the proper functioning of the engine supply system and the wear of its components. Changes in the performance of biofuel functionality may already occur during storage. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate changes in selected rheological and tribological parameters of higher fatty acid esters depending on the time and method of their storage by considering different types of substrates used for their production. The presence of possible microbiological contamination, which may affect the examined parameters of biofuels, was also analyzed. The dynamic viscosity of the biofuels tested changed depending on the substrate used. The biofuel produced from waste oil had the highest viscosity. Tribological studies show that both the linear wear of samples and the friction moment were higher after the storage period. The acid number of the esters did not exceed the permissible value recommended by the standard. The type of raw material used for the production of biodiesel and the conditions of its storage affected biodeterioration, proved by the growth of microorganisms. The highest number of microorganisms was recorded in biofuels prepared from waste oil.

ACS Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Adam Koniuszy; Paweł Sędłak; Daria Seń. Functional Properties and Microbiological Stability of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) under Different Storage Conditions. Energies 2020, 13, 5632 .

AMA Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw, Adam Koniuszy, Paweł Sędłak, Daria Seń. Functional Properties and Microbiological Stability of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) under Different Storage Conditions. Energies. 2020; 13 (21):5632.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Adam Koniuszy; Paweł Sędłak; Daria Seń. 2020. "Functional Properties and Microbiological Stability of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) under Different Storage Conditions." Energies 13, no. 21: 5632.

Journal article
Published: 02 October 2020 in Scientific Reports
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Fuels and their components accumulate in soil, and many soil organisms are exposed to this pollution. Compared to intensive research on the effect of conventional fuel on soil, very few studies have been conducted on soil ecotoxicity of biofuels. Considering the limited information available, the present study evaluated the changes caused by the presence of biodiesel and diesel fuel in soil. The reaction of higher plants and soil organisms (microbial communities and invertebrates) was analysed. Conventional diesel oil and two types of biodiesel (commercial and laboratory-made) were introduced into the soil. Two levels of contamination were applied—5 and 15% (w/w per dry matter of soil). The plate method was used to enumerate microorganisms from soil contaminated with biodiesel and diesel fuel. Phytotoxicity tests were conducted by a 3-day bioassay based on the seed germination and root growth of higher plant species (Sorghum saccharatum and Sinapis alba). Fourteen-day ecotoxicity tests on earthworm were performed using Eisenia fetida. Based on the results of the conducted tests it was found out that the organisms reacted to the presence of fuels in a diverse manner. As to the microorganisms, both the growth and reduction of their number were noted. The reaction depended on the group of microorganisms, type of fuel and dose of contamination. The lipolytic and amylolytic microorganisms as well as Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria were particularly sensitive to the presence of fuels, especially biodiesel. Fuels, even at a high dose, stimulated the growth of fungi. Monocotyledonous sugar sorghum plants were more sensitive to the presence of fuels than dicotyledonous white mustard. There was also a significant negative impact of contamination level on plant growth and development. Biodiesel, to a greater extent than conventional fuel, adversely affected the survival and volume of earthworms.

ACS Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Adam Koniuszy; Grzegorz Zając; Joanna Szyszlak-Bargłowicz. Ecotoxicity of soil contaminated with diesel fuel and biodiesel. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw, Adam Koniuszy, Grzegorz Zając, Joanna Szyszlak-Bargłowicz. Ecotoxicity of soil contaminated with diesel fuel and biodiesel. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Adam Koniuszy; Grzegorz Zając; Joanna Szyszlak-Bargłowicz. 2020. "Ecotoxicity of soil contaminated with diesel fuel and biodiesel." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 1-9.

Journal article
Published: 22 September 2020 in Energies
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Biomass from cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) is considered a renewable energy source that can be converted into alternative fuel. Calorific syngas, a promising type of advanced fuel, can be produced through thermochemical biomass gasification. In this study, the suitability of cup plant biomass for gasification was assessed, including the process energy balance and environmental impacts of waste from syngas purification. Silphium perfoliatum L. was cultivated as a gasification feedstock in different conditions (irrigation, fertilization). The experiments were performed in a membrane gasifier. All obtained energy parameters were compared to the biomass yield per hectare. The toxic effects of liquid waste were assessed using tests analyzing germination/seed root elongation of Sinapsis alba. Leachates collected from condensation tanks of a gas generator were introduced to soil at the following doses: 100, 1000 and 10,000 mg kg−1 DM of soil. The usefulness of Silphium perfoliatum L. for gasification was confirmed. The factors of plant cultivation affected the biomass yield, the volume and calorific value of syngas and the amount of biochar. It was determined that the components found in condensates demonstrate a phytotoxic effect, restricting or inhibiting germination and root elongation of Sinapsis alba. Due to this potential hazard, the possibility of its release to the environment should be limited. Most of the biomass is only used for heating purposes, but the syngas obtained from the cup plant can be used to power cogeneration systems, which, apart from heat, also generate electricity.

ACS Style

Adam Koniuszy; Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Cezary Podsiadło; Paweł Sędłak; Ewa Możdżer. Gasification of Cup Plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) Biomass–Energy Recovery and Environmental Impacts. Energies 2020, 13, 4960 .

AMA Style

Adam Koniuszy, Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw, Cezary Podsiadło, Paweł Sędłak, Ewa Możdżer. Gasification of Cup Plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) Biomass–Energy Recovery and Environmental Impacts. Energies. 2020; 13 (18):4960.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adam Koniuszy; Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Cezary Podsiadło; Paweł Sędłak; Ewa Możdżer. 2020. "Gasification of Cup Plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) Biomass–Energy Recovery and Environmental Impacts." Energies 13, no. 18: 4960.

Conference paper
Published: 09 June 2020 in E3S Web of Conferences
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The purpose of the research was to assess the quality of wood pellets available on the market. This assessment was made on the basis of the technical analysis and elemental composition: C, H, N, S. 14 different types of wood pellets available on the market were tested, each of them came from a different producer. In addition, an attempt was made to assess the content of organic matter in the tested pellets on the basis of methane fermentation. The innovation in the presented work is the use of biomethane production potential assessment for pellet fuel, which until now has been practised only in the case of substrates for biogas production. The parameters characterizing the tested pellets in energy terms did not differ significantly. The high calorific value and low ash and sulfur content indicated that the output biomass was of good quality. The differences in the production potential of biomethane of the tested pellets do not allow to state unequivocally that methane fermentation can be used to assess the quality of pellets and their contents of organic matter. However, the large BMP differences obtained for individual pellets suggest that some pellets may contain impurities inhibiting the methane fermentation process.

ACS Style

Joanna Szyszlak-Bargłowicz; Grzegorz Zając; Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Adam Koniuszy. Evaluation of the Quality of Wood Pellets Available on the Market. E3S Web of Conferences 2020, 171, 01015 .

AMA Style

Joanna Szyszlak-Bargłowicz, Grzegorz Zając, Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw, Adam Koniuszy. Evaluation of the Quality of Wood Pellets Available on the Market. E3S Web of Conferences. 2020; 171 ():01015.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joanna Szyszlak-Bargłowicz; Grzegorz Zając; Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Adam Koniuszy. 2020. "Evaluation of the Quality of Wood Pellets Available on the Market." E3S Web of Conferences 171, no. : 01015.

Journal article
Published: 29 December 2019 in Water
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Aquaculture wastewater contains a huge amount of substances that can cause environmental pollution. However, microalgae can absorb these compounds and convert them into useful biomass. In this study, Chlorella minutissima was grown in the wastewater resulting from saline aquaculture. The microalgae were found to effectively utilize nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater for its growth. During wastewater treatment, the cell density increased almost fivefold compared to the initial value (OD680 0.502). Moreover, batch culture resulted in the maximum biomass concentration and productivity of 4.77 g/L and 0.55 g/L/day, respectively. The contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in wastewater decreased by 88% and over 99%, respectively. In addition, the content of N-NO3 was reduced by 88.6%, N-NO2 by 74.3%, and dissolved orthophosphates (V) by 99%. At the beginning and throughout the experiment, the content of N-NH4 in wastewater remained below 0.05 mg/L. Furthermore, a high lipid content of 46.4% (w/w) was also obtained from the studied microalgae.

ACS Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Adam Koniuszy; Małgorzata Gałczyńska; Grzegorz Zając; Joanna Szyszlak-Bargłowicz. Production of Microalgal Biomass Using Aquaculture Wastewater as Growth Medium. Water 2019, 12, 106 .

AMA Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw, Adam Koniuszy, Małgorzata Gałczyńska, Grzegorz Zając, Joanna Szyszlak-Bargłowicz. Production of Microalgal Biomass Using Aquaculture Wastewater as Growth Medium. Water. 2019; 12 (1):106.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Adam Koniuszy; Małgorzata Gałczyńska; Grzegorz Zając; Joanna Szyszlak-Bargłowicz. 2019. "Production of Microalgal Biomass Using Aquaculture Wastewater as Growth Medium." Water 12, no. 1: 106.

Research article
Published: 24 October 2019 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Phytoremediation is a cost-effective and ecologically friendly process that involves the use of plants to uptake, accumulate, translocate, stabilize, or degrade pollutants. The present study was conducted to demonstrate the potential of pea (Pisum sativum L. spp. sativum) cultivar Blauwschokker to phytostimulate biodiesel degradation in an agricultural soil, considering the influence of biological remediation on selected physiological parameters of plants and the amount and activity of soil microflora. Biodiesel was spiked into soil in dose of 50 g kg−1 of dry mass soil. The results of the study showed that the rate of biodiesel degradation in the vegetated soil was higher than that occurring by natural attenuation. At the same time, biodiesel showed a positive effect on the growth, development, and activity of soil bacteria and fungi. Moreover, the obtained results showed an improvement in physiological parameters of plants, including an increase in chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll content and higher relative water content in leaves in the presence of biodiesel.

ACS Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Patryk Ratomski; Małgorzata Mikiciuk; Jacek Staniewski; Adam Koniuszy; Piotr Ptak; Wojciech Golimowski. Pea cultivar Blauwschokker for the phytostimulation of biodiesel degradation in agricultural soil. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2019, 26, 34594 -34602.

AMA Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw, Patryk Ratomski, Małgorzata Mikiciuk, Jacek Staniewski, Adam Koniuszy, Piotr Ptak, Wojciech Golimowski. Pea cultivar Blauwschokker for the phytostimulation of biodiesel degradation in agricultural soil. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2019; 26 (33):34594-34602.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Patryk Ratomski; Małgorzata Mikiciuk; Jacek Staniewski; Adam Koniuszy; Piotr Ptak; Wojciech Golimowski. 2019. "Pea cultivar Blauwschokker for the phytostimulation of biodiesel degradation in agricultural soil." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 26, no. 33: 34594-34602.

Journal article
Published: 05 July 2019 in PRZEMYSŁ CHEMICZNY
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ACS Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. Procesy termochemicznej konwersji biomasy i ich wpływ na środowisko. PRZEMYSŁ CHEMICZNY 2019, 1, 124 -127.

AMA Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. Procesy termochemicznej konwersji biomasy i ich wpływ na środowisko. PRZEMYSŁ CHEMICZNY. 2019; 1 (7):124-127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. 2019. "Procesy termochemicznej konwersji biomasy i ich wpływ na środowisko." PRZEMYSŁ CHEMICZNY 1, no. 7: 124-127.

Journal article
Published: 05 May 2018 in PRZEMYSŁ CHEMICZNY
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ACS Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. Stabilność mikrobiologiczna i energetyczna biomasy przeznaczonej do termochemicznej konwersji w procesie zgazowania. PRZEMYSŁ CHEMICZNY 2018, 1, 52 -54.

AMA Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. Stabilność mikrobiologiczna i energetyczna biomasy przeznaczonej do termochemicznej konwersji w procesie zgazowania. PRZEMYSŁ CHEMICZNY. 2018; 1 (5):52-54.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. 2018. "Stabilność mikrobiologiczna i energetyczna biomasy przeznaczonej do termochemicznej konwersji w procesie zgazowania." PRZEMYSŁ CHEMICZNY 1, no. 5: 52-54.

Research article
Published: 10 May 2017 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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The purpose of this research was evaluation of the effect of soil contamination with waste coming from biomass gasification on chosen indicators of its biological activity, growth and development of spring barley, and change of physiological parameters of the plant. Chromatographic content and basic rheological parameters of the substances under research were also analyzed. Liquid wastes, tar, and mixture of tar and engine oil were introduced to the soil in the amount of 100 mg kg-1 DM soil. Based on the conducted research, it was ascertained that the changes in the number and activity of soil microorganisms were determined by the type of waste and its dose. Individual groups of microorganisms showed different sensitivity to the presence of pollution; however, the impact of tar and engine oil mixture was generally more disadvantageous. Presence of contaminants in the soil limited the growth of roots and aboveground parts of spring barley, especially when the dose was 10,000 mg kg-1 DM soil. The unfavorable impact of waste on photosynthesis efficiency on assimilation pigment synthesis and water content in the plant was recorded.

ACS Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Adam Koniuszy; Małgorzata Mikiciuk; Monika Izwikow; Tomasz Stawicki; Paweł Sędłak. Analysis of ecotoxic influence of waste from the biomass gasification process. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2017, 24, 15022 -15030.

AMA Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw, Adam Koniuszy, Małgorzata Mikiciuk, Monika Izwikow, Tomasz Stawicki, Paweł Sędłak. Analysis of ecotoxic influence of waste from the biomass gasification process. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2017; 24 (17):15022-15030.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Adam Koniuszy; Małgorzata Mikiciuk; Monika Izwikow; Tomasz Stawicki; Paweł Sędłak. 2017. "Analysis of ecotoxic influence of waste from the biomass gasification process." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 24, no. 17: 15022-15030.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Journal of Ecological Engineering
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The aim of the study was to assess the cellulolytic activity of a strain of Trichoderma viride in the presence of three lignocellulosic substrates, i.e. wheat, barley, and maize straw, in different temperatures (25 °C, 30 °C and 35 °C). Research related to the biosynthesis of enzymes was...

ACS Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Monika Izwikow. CELLULOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF TRICHODERMA VIRIDE WITH REGARD TO SELECTED LIGNOCELLULOSIC WASTE MATERIALS. Journal of Ecological Engineering 2016, 17, 119 -122.

AMA Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw, Monika Izwikow. CELLULOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF TRICHODERMA VIRIDE WITH REGARD TO SELECTED LIGNOCELLULOSIC WASTE MATERIALS. Journal of Ecological Engineering. 2016; 17 (1):119-122.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Monika Izwikow. 2016. "CELLULOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF TRICHODERMA VIRIDE WITH REGARD TO SELECTED LIGNOCELLULOSIC WASTE MATERIALS." Journal of Ecological Engineering 17, no. 1: 119-122.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Journal of Ecological Engineering
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ACS Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Grzegorz Mikiciuk; Małgorzata Mikiciuk; Monika Izwikow; Joanna Kiniorska. NUMBER AND ACTIVITY OF MICROORGANISMS IN SOIL INOCULATED WITH THE RHIZOCELL C BIOPREPARATION IN STRAWBERRY CULTIVATION (FRAGARIA × ANANASA DUCH.). Journal of Ecological Engineering 2016, 17, 135 -140.

AMA Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw, Grzegorz Mikiciuk, Małgorzata Mikiciuk, Monika Izwikow, Joanna Kiniorska. NUMBER AND ACTIVITY OF MICROORGANISMS IN SOIL INOCULATED WITH THE RHIZOCELL C BIOPREPARATION IN STRAWBERRY CULTIVATION (FRAGARIA × ANANASA DUCH.). Journal of Ecological Engineering. 2016; 17 (2):135-140.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Grzegorz Mikiciuk; Małgorzata Mikiciuk; Monika Izwikow; Joanna Kiniorska. 2016. "NUMBER AND ACTIVITY OF MICROORGANISMS IN SOIL INOCULATED WITH THE RHIZOCELL C BIOPREPARATION IN STRAWBERRY CULTIVATION (FRAGARIA × ANANASA DUCH.)." Journal of Ecological Engineering 17, no. 2: 135-140.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2015 in Journal of Ecological Engineering
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The paper analysed the toxic effect of the presence of biodiesel in the soil. The study involved tests with microorganisms that evaluated changes in their number and activity, and phytotoxicity tests with garden cress ( Lepidium sativum ) and spring barley ( Hordeum vulgare ). Biodiesel produced...

ACS Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Monika Izwikow. ECOTOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF BIODIESEL IN THE SOIL. Journal of Ecological Engineering 2015, 16, 34 -39.

AMA Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw, Monika Izwikow. ECOTOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF BIODIESEL IN THE SOIL. Journal of Ecological Engineering. 2015; 16 ():34-39.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw; Monika Izwikow. 2015. "ECOTOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF BIODIESEL IN THE SOIL." Journal of Ecological Engineering 16, no. : 34-39.

English abstract
Published: 01 January 2012 in Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
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ACS Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. [Influence of diesel fuel on the number of selected soil microorganisms group]. Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny 2012, 63, 1 .

AMA Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. [Influence of diesel fuel on the number of selected soil microorganisms group]. Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny. 2012; 63 (3):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. 2012. "[Influence of diesel fuel on the number of selected soil microorganisms group]." Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny 63, no. 3: 1.