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Sara Bosi graduated in Agricultural and Vegetable Biotechnology at the University of Bologna (Italy) in 2005. In 2011, she earned a PhD degree in Vegetable crops, Agricultural genetics, Agro-territorial systems at the University of Bologna. Currently, she works as junior assistant professor at the Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (University of Bologna). The main activities of research include the identification of optimized agronomic management for growing cereals and pulses under organic or low-input farming, with valorization of qualitative characteristics of final products.
The most commercialized Bt maize plants in Europe were transformed with genes which express a truncated form of the insecticidal delta-endotoxin (Cry1Ab) from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) specifically against Lepidoptera. Studies on the effect of transgenic maize on non-target arthropods have mainly converged on beneficial insects. However, considering the worldwide extensive cultivation of Bt maize, an increased availability of information on their possible impact on non-target pests is also required. In this study, the impact of Bt-maize on the non-target corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis, was examined by comparing biological traits and demographic parameters of two generations of aphids reared on transgenic maize with those on untransformed near-isogenic plants. Furthermore, free and bound phenolics content on transgenic and near-isogenic plants were measured. Here we show an increased performance of the second generation of R. maidis on Bt-maize that could be attributable to indirect effects, such as the reduction of defense against pests due to unintended changes in plant characteristics caused by the insertion of the transgene. Indeed, the comparison of Bt-maize with its corresponding near-isogenic line strongly suggests that the transformation could have induced adverse effects on the biosynthesis and accumulation of free phenolic compounds. In conclusion, even though there is adequate evidence that aphids performed better on Bt-maize than on non-Bt plants, aphid economic damage has not been reported in commercial Bt corn fields in comparison to non-Bt corn fields. Nevertheless, Bt-maize plants can be more easily exploited by R. maidis, possibly due to a lower level of secondary metabolites present in their leaves. The recognition of this mechanism increases our knowledge concerning how insect-resistant genetically modified plants impact on non-target arthropods communities, including tritrophic web interactions, and can help support a sustainable use of genetically modified crops.
Alberto Lanzoni; Sara Bosi; Valeria Bregola; Francesco Camastra; Angelo Ciaramella; Antonino Staiano; Giovanni Dinelli; Giovanni Burgio. Assessing the effects of Bt maize on the non-target pest Rhopalosiphum maidis by demographic and life-history measurement endpoints. Bulletin of Entomological Research 2021, 1 -15.
AMA StyleAlberto Lanzoni, Sara Bosi, Valeria Bregola, Francesco Camastra, Angelo Ciaramella, Antonino Staiano, Giovanni Dinelli, Giovanni Burgio. Assessing the effects of Bt maize on the non-target pest Rhopalosiphum maidis by demographic and life-history measurement endpoints. Bulletin of Entomological Research. 2021; ():1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlberto Lanzoni; Sara Bosi; Valeria Bregola; Francesco Camastra; Angelo Ciaramella; Antonino Staiano; Giovanni Dinelli; Giovanni Burgio. 2021. "Assessing the effects of Bt maize on the non-target pest Rhopalosiphum maidis by demographic and life-history measurement endpoints." Bulletin of Entomological Research , no. : 1-15.
The efficacy of empirical rheological methodology for modern Triticum aestivum L. in predicting bread‐making quality in Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum is warranting of attention. The present study was aimed at providing a comparative evaluation of an array of standard rheological tests in predicting bread quality in three modern cultivars (Core, Sant’Agata and Simeto) and three durum wheat landraces (Ruscìa, Timilìa and Tumminia SG3). Gluten strength, alveograph dough strength and tenacity/extensibility ratio, farinograph stability and mixograph peak dough height and overall score, were significantly higher in the modern cultivars, and distinctive in accounting for the variance between modern and old genotypes, using principal component analysis. Quality bread‐making parameters, including bread volume, height and specific volume, were significantly higher in the durum wheat landraces. Standard rheological parameters were ineffective in predicting bread quality, necessitating the requisite in redefining rheological parameters to meet the increasing interest in heritage durum wheat genotypes for bread‐making.
Alfio Spina; Giovanni Dinelli; Massimo Palumbo; Anne Whittaker; Michele Cambrea; Lorenzo Negri; Sara Bosi. Evaluation of standard physico‐chemical and rheological parameters in predicting bread‐making quality of durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum [Desf.] Husn.). International Journal of Food Science & Technology 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleAlfio Spina, Giovanni Dinelli, Massimo Palumbo, Anne Whittaker, Michele Cambrea, Lorenzo Negri, Sara Bosi. Evaluation of standard physico‐chemical and rheological parameters in predicting bread‐making quality of durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum [Desf.] Husn.). International Journal of Food Science & Technology. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlfio Spina; Giovanni Dinelli; Massimo Palumbo; Anne Whittaker; Michele Cambrea; Lorenzo Negri; Sara Bosi. 2021. "Evaluation of standard physico‐chemical and rheological parameters in predicting bread‐making quality of durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum [Desf.] Husn.)." International Journal of Food Science & Technology , no. : 1.
Effective pathogen management, as an aspect of agroecological crop protection (ACP) necessitates the replacement of copper (Cu) fungicides, but there is little knowledge relating to the performance of potentially suitable alternatives in large-scale, open-field agricultural settings. The present study was aimed at investigating the potential of Equisetum arvense (horsetail macerate) compared to Cu-based treatments for the control of Solanum lycopersicum. and Triticum turgidum ssp. durum fungal pathogens in established organic commercial farms located in Emilia Romagna (Italy) over a three-year period (2017–2019). Both the Cu-based and horsetail foliar sprays were routinely applied as preventative treatments and in the event of pathogen establishment as curative treatments. The Cu-based and horsetail macerate treatments were both equally effective at significantly reducing Phytophthora infestans (late blight) and increasing yield in tomato compared to the untreated control. For durum wheat, the horsetail macerate and Cu-based treatments were successful at significantly reducing Puccinia triticina (brown rust) infection and increasing yield under moderate infection, but unsuccessful under unfavorable meteorological conditions resulting in the combined and severe spread of Puccinia triticina, Fusarium graminearum, and Zymoseptoria tritici. From the present results, horsetail macerate is a promising and suitable Cu-free ACP alternative for late blight management of tomato.
Grazia Trebbi; Lorenzo Negri; Sara Bosi; Giovanni Dinelli; Riccardo Cozzo; Ilaria Marotti. Evaluation of Equisetum arvense (Horsetail Macerate) as a Copper Substitute for Pathogen Management in Field-Grown Organic Tomato and Durum Wheat Cultivations. Agriculture 2020, 11, 5 .
AMA StyleGrazia Trebbi, Lorenzo Negri, Sara Bosi, Giovanni Dinelli, Riccardo Cozzo, Ilaria Marotti. Evaluation of Equisetum arvense (Horsetail Macerate) as a Copper Substitute for Pathogen Management in Field-Grown Organic Tomato and Durum Wheat Cultivations. Agriculture. 2020; 11 (1):5.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGrazia Trebbi; Lorenzo Negri; Sara Bosi; Giovanni Dinelli; Riccardo Cozzo; Ilaria Marotti. 2020. "Evaluation of Equisetum arvense (Horsetail Macerate) as a Copper Substitute for Pathogen Management in Field-Grown Organic Tomato and Durum Wheat Cultivations." Agriculture 11, no. 1: 5.
Combining the need to increase local Phaseolus vulgaris L. production, with the objective of identifying which abiotic inductors (irrigation and temperature) and/or elicitors (nitrogen fertilizer treatment) can be used as potential strategies to improve flavonol content, open-field experiments were conducted in Pisa and Bologna (Italy) over two years, using the local landrace of interest “Zolfino del Pratomagno”, and a commercial variety, Verdone. Full-irrigation and nitrogen treatment, individually, and in combination, increased yield and decreased flavonols, respectively, in both genotypes and locations. Yield, under all treatments, was significantly higher in Pisa (17.5–21.9 °C) than Bologna (21.4–24.8 °C) for Verdone, but was the equivalent for Zolfino. An inverse correlation between average mean temperature and flavonol content was evident only in Zolfino. The feasibility of increasing dietary flavonol production using decreasing temperature as a strategy with some degree of control was then tested by cultivating Zolfino at different altitudes (108 (24 °C) to 800 m a.s.l. (18 °C)) in Pratomagno. Increasing the altitude induced a significant 3-fold increase in seed-coat kaempferol glycosides, comprising more than 95% of the total flavonols. Temperature-associated effects on flavonol synthesis warrants consideration when selecting a cultivation environment to augment the kaempferol-based, anticarcinogenic benefits of Zolfino.
Ilaria Marotti; Anne Whittaker; Stefano Benvenuti; Stefano Benedettelli; Lisetta Ghiselli; Giovanni Dinelli; Sara Bosi. Temperature-Associated Effects on Flavonol Content in Field-Grown Phaseolus vulgaris L. Zolfino del Pratomagno. Agronomy 2020, 10, 682 .
AMA StyleIlaria Marotti, Anne Whittaker, Stefano Benvenuti, Stefano Benedettelli, Lisetta Ghiselli, Giovanni Dinelli, Sara Bosi. Temperature-Associated Effects on Flavonol Content in Field-Grown Phaseolus vulgaris L. Zolfino del Pratomagno. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (5):682.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIlaria Marotti; Anne Whittaker; Stefano Benvenuti; Stefano Benedettelli; Lisetta Ghiselli; Giovanni Dinelli; Sara Bosi. 2020. "Temperature-Associated Effects on Flavonol Content in Field-Grown Phaseolus vulgaris L. Zolfino del Pratomagno." Agronomy 10, no. 5: 682.
Modern agriculture depends on the production of very few crop species, which provide lower nutritive value for consumers. The present work summarizes the results of a three-year experiment on hulled wheat varieties as potential candidates for food system diversification. The organic field cultivation tests with 10 emmer and five einkorn landraces and varieties were conducted on ~10m2 plots on sandy soil, and from 2017, under on-farm conditions in eastern Hungary. Most accessions adapted well to the marginal conditions, with some landraces even yielding higher than registered varieties—over 3 t per ha on average over three years. Compared to emmer, einkorn had higher maximum grain yields, but its yield performance varied more than that of emmer. Grain protein and the total phenolic content were high in both species. Compared to emmer, einkorn seeds exhibited a 3.8 times higher content of bound flavonoids and had 3.4 times higher antioxidant activity. Four einkorn accessions were resistant to leaf spot, as well as yellow and leaf rusts. Fusarium infected both species similarly. Our findings indicate that not only registered varieties of ancient wheat species but also their landraces can provide sustainable alternatives both for organic farmers and also for the diversification of agriculture.
Szilvia Bencze; Marianna Makádi; Tibor J. Aranyos; Mihály Földi; Péter Hertelendy; Péter Mikó; Sara Bosi; Lorenzo Negri; Dóra Drexler. Re-Introduction of Ancient Wheat Cultivars into Organic Agriculture—Emmer and Einkorn Cultivation Experiences under Marginal Conditions. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1584 .
AMA StyleSzilvia Bencze, Marianna Makádi, Tibor J. Aranyos, Mihály Földi, Péter Hertelendy, Péter Mikó, Sara Bosi, Lorenzo Negri, Dóra Drexler. Re-Introduction of Ancient Wheat Cultivars into Organic Agriculture—Emmer and Einkorn Cultivation Experiences under Marginal Conditions. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (4):1584.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSzilvia Bencze; Marianna Makádi; Tibor J. Aranyos; Mihály Földi; Péter Hertelendy; Péter Mikó; Sara Bosi; Lorenzo Negri; Dóra Drexler. 2020. "Re-Introduction of Ancient Wheat Cultivars into Organic Agriculture—Emmer and Einkorn Cultivation Experiences under Marginal Conditions." Sustainability 12, no. 4: 1584.
The present work aimed to assess flour properties and bread-making quality of “old” Italian wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ssp. aestivum.) cultivars (n = 7) by combining physicochemical evaluation and consumers’ perception. Old cultivars-flours and deriving bread had interesting physicochemical features when compared to a new one (Aquilante). Notably, bread derived from Abbondanza (old wheat cultivar) flour had the highest specific volume and bread made with Verna (old wheat cultivar) flour had comparable textural properties to Aquilante-based bread. These results suggested relevant impact of breeding on bread properties, but no trend was observed as function of the release year. For sensory evaluation, acceptability test revealed that bread made with Abbondanza cultivar gave the most appreciated bread similar to that made by the new cultivar. Check-all-that-apply test showed that none of the old cultivars-based breads directly matched the ideal product, but bread made with Abbondanza flour was the closest. Overall, physicochemical and sensory evaluations were aligned in their main outputs enabling the identification of some old cultivars with interesting bread-making quality that can be potentially used and further improved with an optimized breadmaking process for advanced breeding programs.
Fatma Boukid; Valentina Gentilucci; Elena Vittadini; Andrea De Montis; Roberta Rosta; Sara Bosi; Giovanni Dinelli; Eleonora Carini. Rediscovering bread quality of “old” Italian wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ssp. aestivum.) through an integrated approach: Physicochemical evaluation and consumers’ perception. LWT 2020, 122, 109043 .
AMA StyleFatma Boukid, Valentina Gentilucci, Elena Vittadini, Andrea De Montis, Roberta Rosta, Sara Bosi, Giovanni Dinelli, Eleonora Carini. Rediscovering bread quality of “old” Italian wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ssp. aestivum.) through an integrated approach: Physicochemical evaluation and consumers’ perception. LWT. 2020; 122 ():109043.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFatma Boukid; Valentina Gentilucci; Elena Vittadini; Andrea De Montis; Roberta Rosta; Sara Bosi; Giovanni Dinelli; Eleonora Carini. 2020. "Rediscovering bread quality of “old” Italian wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ssp. aestivum.) through an integrated approach: Physicochemical evaluation and consumers’ perception." LWT 122, no. : 109043.
Einkorn, emmer, and rivet are three species of wheat that have largely been neglected in modern agriculture. There is a revived interest in these species as potentially successful alternatives to mainstream wheat in organic and low-input cropping systems and as sources of highly nutritious food. However, the availability of literature studies concerning rotational positions and soil tillage management is still scarce. The aim of this study was to explore the field (cover, disease resistance, yield) and quality performance (protein, fats, fiber, polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity) of these species when organically grown in the United Kingdom. As part of the H2020 DIVERSIFOOD project, different cultivars of each species, including landraces, populations, old varieties, and where available, commercial varieties, were included in the experiment. Rotational position and tillage systems significantly affected the main agronomic performance of the minor cereals investigated, suggesting that low fertility and shallow-non-inversion tillage might be suitable options to manage tall species. Emmer showed the highest incidence of foliar diseases, whereas einkorn and rivet wheat appeared quasi-immune to the main fungal diseases (stripe rust, septoria). In addition, nutritional and nutraceutical investigation showed that the rotational position and soil management also affect metabolic pathways differently by species and within species, by genotype. Our results suggest a good potential to introduce these species in sustainable cropping systems. Furthermore, the interesting species and cultivar-by-management interactions observed can pave the way for future, better focused, research on these underutilized and underexplored species.
Ambrogio Costanzo; Dominic C. Amos; Giovanni Dinelli; Rocco E. Sferrazza; Giacomo Accorsi; Lorenzo Negri; Sara Bosi. Performance and Nutritional Properties of Einkorn, Emmer and Rivet Wheat in Response to Different Rotational Position and Soil Tillage. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6304 .
AMA StyleAmbrogio Costanzo, Dominic C. Amos, Giovanni Dinelli, Rocco E. Sferrazza, Giacomo Accorsi, Lorenzo Negri, Sara Bosi. Performance and Nutritional Properties of Einkorn, Emmer and Rivet Wheat in Response to Different Rotational Position and Soil Tillage. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (22):6304.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmbrogio Costanzo; Dominic C. Amos; Giovanni Dinelli; Rocco E. Sferrazza; Giacomo Accorsi; Lorenzo Negri; Sara Bosi. 2019. "Performance and Nutritional Properties of Einkorn, Emmer and Rivet Wheat in Response to Different Rotational Position and Soil Tillage." Sustainability 11, no. 22: 6304.
Khorasan wheat is an ancient grain with widely acclaimed beneficial effects on human health. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of a Khorasan-based diet on the wellbeing and inflammatory profile of young athletes. We conducted a randomized, single-blinded crossover trial involving 20 male young athletes. The participants were randomly assigned to consume products (pasta, bread, biscuits and crackers) made either with Khorasan (KAMUT® brand) or modern semi-whole-grain wheat for 4-weeks with a 4-week washout period before the crossover. Laboratory analyses and fitness tests were performed both at the beginning and end of each diet period. The consumption of Khorasan products was associated with a significant reduction of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1; mean reduction: -36.15 pg/mL; -25.67%) while the consumption of modern wheat was not associated with significant differences in Interleukin-8 (IL-8) or Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). The consumption of the Khorasan-based diet also resulted in a significant improvement in self-rated health status. No statistically significant differences in any athletic performance parameter were observed between the two diets. The present results suggest that a Khorasan-based diet could be effective in reducing the inflammatory status in young athletes. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
Enzo Spisni; Maria Chiara Valerii; Luigia De Fazio; Enrica Rotondo; Marcella Di Natale; Elisabetta Giovanardi; Giovanni Posabella; Valeria Bregola; Verena Stenico; Rocco Enrico Sferrazza; Giovanni Dinelli; Sara Bosi. A Khorasan wheat‐based diet improves systemic inflammatory profile in semi‐professional basketball players: a randomized crossover pilot study. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2019, 100, 4101 -4107.
AMA StyleEnzo Spisni, Maria Chiara Valerii, Luigia De Fazio, Enrica Rotondo, Marcella Di Natale, Elisabetta Giovanardi, Giovanni Posabella, Valeria Bregola, Verena Stenico, Rocco Enrico Sferrazza, Giovanni Dinelli, Sara Bosi. A Khorasan wheat‐based diet improves systemic inflammatory profile in semi‐professional basketball players: a randomized crossover pilot study. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2019; 100 (11):4101-4107.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEnzo Spisni; Maria Chiara Valerii; Luigia De Fazio; Enrica Rotondo; Marcella Di Natale; Elisabetta Giovanardi; Giovanni Posabella; Valeria Bregola; Verena Stenico; Rocco Enrico Sferrazza; Giovanni Dinelli; Sara Bosi. 2019. "A Khorasan wheat‐based diet improves systemic inflammatory profile in semi‐professional basketball players: a randomized crossover pilot study." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 100, no. 11: 4101-4107.
Glyphosate, a widely used herbicide, has been classified as probably carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). In the present study a method based on Field-Amplified Sample Injection and Sweeping Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography (FASI sweep-MEKC) has been developed and validated for determination of glyphosate and its microbial metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in wheat flour. The method involved a preliminary solid phase extraction for cleanup of the aqueous extracts from wheat flour, based sequentially on C18 and strong anion exchange cartridges, followed by derivatization using 9-fluorenylmethylchloroformate. Optimization of sample cleanup and derivatization procedure was carried out by a HPLC-UV method, whereas FASI sweep-MEKC was applied for achieving the sensitivity necessary for analysis of real samples. To this regard, optimum conditions involved the use of an extended path fused-silica capillary (80 cm total length, 50 μm, i.d.) filled with a high concentration buffer (sodium phosphate 100 mM, pH 2.2). Electrokinetic sampling was carried out at −10 kV with injection time of 700 s and the separation of the loaded analytes was performed under MEKC conditions using sodium phosphate buffer 50 mM at pH 2.2, supplemented with sodium dodecyl sulfate, 100 mM. The method was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy and sensitivity, showing that using conventional UV detection (210 nm) the achieved limit of quantitation (LOQ) values for both the analytes were widely lower than those set by Authorities. In particular, LOQ for glyphosate and AMPA were found to be 5 and 2.5 ng/mL, respectively, corresponding to 0.1 and 0.05 mg/kg, in wheat flour. The method, applied to commercially available real samples (wheat flour from different manufacturers) and to an experimental sample obtained by cv. Svevo wheat, can be considered as a convenient alternative to the existing approaches in analysis of complex matrices.
Roberto Gotti; Jessica Fiori; Sara Bosi; Giovanni Dinelli. Field-amplified sample injection and sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography in analysis of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in wheat. Journal of Chromatography A 2019, 1601, 357 -364.
AMA StyleRoberto Gotti, Jessica Fiori, Sara Bosi, Giovanni Dinelli. Field-amplified sample injection and sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography in analysis of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in wheat. Journal of Chromatography A. 2019; 1601 ():357-364.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto Gotti; Jessica Fiori; Sara Bosi; Giovanni Dinelli. 2019. "Field-amplified sample injection and sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography in analysis of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in wheat." Journal of Chromatography A 1601, no. : 357-364.
BACKGROUND The gastrointestinal tract establishes a barrier between external and the internal compartment. When this barrier is disrupted, an inflammatory cascade promotes intestinal inflammation and the development of several intestinal diseases. Plant‐derived polyphenols are health‐promoting phytochemicals with a role in the regulation of the intestinal barrier and in the prevention of intestinal inflammatory diseases. Modern breeding programs have been primarily focused on yield improvement than in nutritional and functional wheat proprieties. Therefore, a research that aims at the characterization of the phytochemical profile of wheat varieties and on their healthy proprieties could be a new prospect for the genetic improvement of the genus Triticum. In the present work, the effects of phenolic compounds extracted from nine soft and seven durum wheat varieties were studied for their polyphenol contents and antioxidant activities. Moreover, a set of experiments were conducted to study their effects on cell proliferation and wound healing of three different cell lines: mouse fibroblasts (L929), intestinal human cells (Caco2) and human monocytes (U937). RESULTS The results obtained from all the analyses were gathered together and discriminant analysis evidenced differences between soft and durum wheat phenolic compounds. Among the soft varieties, it was possible to identify clusters, where ancient wheat varieties showed different properties compared to moderns, while no evident clusters where detected among durum varieties. CONCLUSION Taken together these results suggest that a specific selection of wheat grains based on their nutritional parameters will certainly help in designing diets with protective effects against chronic and inflammatory diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Francesca Truzzi; Giovanni Dinelli; Enzo Spisni; Emanuela Simonetti; Grazia Trebbi; Sara Bosi; Ilaria Marotti. Phenolic acids of modern and ancient grains: Effect on in vitro cell model. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2019, 100, 4075 -4082.
AMA StyleFrancesca Truzzi, Giovanni Dinelli, Enzo Spisni, Emanuela Simonetti, Grazia Trebbi, Sara Bosi, Ilaria Marotti. Phenolic acids of modern and ancient grains: Effect on in vitro cell model. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2019; 100 (11):4075-4082.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesca Truzzi; Giovanni Dinelli; Enzo Spisni; Emanuela Simonetti; Grazia Trebbi; Sara Bosi; Ilaria Marotti. 2019. "Phenolic acids of modern and ancient grains: Effect on in vitro cell model." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 100, no. 11: 4075-4082.
Beyond the nutritional value, legumes and particularly common beans are found in several dietary supplements used to treat diabesity (diabetes and obesity). These products contain not only inhibitors of carbohydrate‐hydrolising enzymes (α‐amylase, α‐glucosidase), but also antinutritional factors that can cause adverse effects on human health. In the present research, twenty‐two accessions of grain legumes were screened for bioactive (α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibitors) and antinutritional (lectins, flatulence‐producing sugars, trypsin inhibitors) phytochemicals. Results showed that four accessions had high α‐amylase inhibiting activities (AI > 30%), and particularly the common bean ‘Great Northern’ resulted of interest for its high carbo‐blocker activity (AI = 42.6 ± 0.5%), absence of lectins, low amounts of flatulence‐producing oligosaccharides (2.5 ± 0.2 g/100 g DW) and low anti‐trypsin activity (22.5 ± 4.3 trypsin inhibiting unit/mg DW). The knowledge offered from this work provides leads to the ultimate goal of developing new, more effective and safer dietary supplements for diabesity management.
Sara Bosi; Valeria Bregola; Giovanni Dinelli; Grazia Trebbi; Francesca Truzzi; Ilaria Marotti. The nutraceutical value of grain legumes: characterisation of bioactives and antinutritionals related to diabesity management. International Journal of Food Science & Technology 2019, 54, 2863 -2871.
AMA StyleSara Bosi, Valeria Bregola, Giovanni Dinelli, Grazia Trebbi, Francesca Truzzi, Ilaria Marotti. The nutraceutical value of grain legumes: characterisation of bioactives and antinutritionals related to diabesity management. International Journal of Food Science & Technology. 2019; 54 (10):2863-2871.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSara Bosi; Valeria Bregola; Giovanni Dinelli; Grazia Trebbi; Francesca Truzzi; Ilaria Marotti. 2019. "The nutraceutical value of grain legumes: characterisation of bioactives and antinutritionals related to diabesity management." International Journal of Food Science & Technology 54, no. 10: 2863-2871.
Kombucha is usually obtained from the fermentation of black or green tea by a consortium of acetic acid bacteria and yeasts. In this study, kombucha was prepared from the same starter consortium using green and black teas as well as, for the first time, an infusion of rooibos leaves (Aspalathus linearis). Microbial diversity was analysed during fermentation both in the biofilm and in the corresponding kombuchas, using culture-dependent and -independent methods. Polyphenols, flavonoids, ethanol, and acids were quantified and anti-oxidant activities were monitored. All of the Kombuchas showed similarity in bacterial composition, with the dominance of Komagataeibacter spp. Beta diversity showed that the yeast community was significantly different among all tea substrates, between 7 and 14 days of fermentation and between biofilm and kombucha, indicating the influence of the substrate on the fermenting microbiota. Kombucha from rooibos has a low ethanol concentration (1.1 mg/mL), and a glucuronic acid amount that was comparable to black tea. Although antioxidant activity was higher in black and green kombucha compared to rooibos, the latter showed an important effect on the recovery of oxidative damage on fibroblast cell lines against oxidative stress. These results make rooibos leaves interesting for the preparation of a fermented beverage with health benefits.
Francesca Gaggìa; Loredana Baffoni; Michele Galiano; Dennis Sandris Nielsen; Rasmus Riemer Jakobsen; Josue Leonardo Castro-Mejía; Sara Bosi; Francesca Truzzi; Federica Musumeci; Giovanni Dinelli; Diana Di Gioia. Kombucha Beverage from Green, Black and Rooibos Teas: A Comparative Study Looking at Microbiology, Chemistry and Antioxidant Activity. Nutrients 2018, 11, 1 .
AMA StyleFrancesca Gaggìa, Loredana Baffoni, Michele Galiano, Dennis Sandris Nielsen, Rasmus Riemer Jakobsen, Josue Leonardo Castro-Mejía, Sara Bosi, Francesca Truzzi, Federica Musumeci, Giovanni Dinelli, Diana Di Gioia. Kombucha Beverage from Green, Black and Rooibos Teas: A Comparative Study Looking at Microbiology, Chemistry and Antioxidant Activity. Nutrients. 2018; 11 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesca Gaggìa; Loredana Baffoni; Michele Galiano; Dennis Sandris Nielsen; Rasmus Riemer Jakobsen; Josue Leonardo Castro-Mejía; Sara Bosi; Francesca Truzzi; Federica Musumeci; Giovanni Dinelli; Diana Di Gioia. 2018. "Kombucha Beverage from Green, Black and Rooibos Teas: A Comparative Study Looking at Microbiology, Chemistry and Antioxidant Activity." Nutrients 11, no. 1: 1.
Numerous studies support the protective role of bioactive peptides against cardiovascular diseases. Cereals represent the primary source of carbohydrates, but they also contain substantial amounts of proteins, therefore representing a potential dietary source of bioactive peptides with nutraceutical activities. The analysis of wheat extracts purified by chromatographic techniques by means of HPLC‐UV/nanoLC‐nanoESI‐QTOF allowed the identification of a signal of about 7 kDa which, following data base searches, was ascribed to a nonspecific lipid‐transfer protein (nsLTP) type 2 from Triticum aestivum (sequence coverage of 92%). For the first time nsLTP2 biological activities have been investigated. In particular, in experiments with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), nsLTP2 displayed antioxidant and cytoprotective activities, being able to significantly decrease reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and to reduce lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, generated following oxidative (hydrogen peroxide) and inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin‐1β, and lipopolysaccharide) stimulation. The obtained promising results suggest potential protective role of nsLTP2 in vascular diseases prevention. Practical Application nsLTP 2 peptide is resistant to proteases throughout the gastrointestinal tract and exerts antioxidant and cytoprotective activities. These characteristics could be exploited in vascular diseases prevention.
Sara Bosi; Jessica Fiori; Giovanni Dinelli; Neil Rigby; Emanuela Leoncini; Cecilia Prata; Valeria Bregola; Ilaria Marotti; Roberto Gotti; Marina Naldi; Luca Massaccesi; Marco Malaguti; Paul Kroon; Silvana Hrelia. Isolation and Characterization of Wheat Derived Nonspecific Lipid Transfer Protein 2 (nsLTP2). Journal of Food Science 2018, 83, 1516 -1521.
AMA StyleSara Bosi, Jessica Fiori, Giovanni Dinelli, Neil Rigby, Emanuela Leoncini, Cecilia Prata, Valeria Bregola, Ilaria Marotti, Roberto Gotti, Marina Naldi, Luca Massaccesi, Marco Malaguti, Paul Kroon, Silvana Hrelia. Isolation and Characterization of Wheat Derived Nonspecific Lipid Transfer Protein 2 (nsLTP2). Journal of Food Science. 2018; 83 (6):1516-1521.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSara Bosi; Jessica Fiori; Giovanni Dinelli; Neil Rigby; Emanuela Leoncini; Cecilia Prata; Valeria Bregola; Ilaria Marotti; Roberto Gotti; Marina Naldi; Luca Massaccesi; Marco Malaguti; Paul Kroon; Silvana Hrelia. 2018. "Isolation and Characterization of Wheat Derived Nonspecific Lipid Transfer Protein 2 (nsLTP2)." Journal of Food Science 83, no. 6: 1516-1521.
Due to its significant amount of antioxidants, durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) could potentially contribute to the protection against a number of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer. The increasing interest towards healthy food among both consumers and scientists, has moved the focus towards the phytochemical content of whole wheat grains. The aim of this study was to identify the phytochemical composition of 22 cultivars belonging to old and modern durum wheat genotypes, including antioxidant capacity (DPPH and FRAP tests). In addition, five phenolic acids involved in the vanillin biosynthesis pathway and in the defence mechanism of plants were screened using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐MS/MS). Remarkable quantitative differences in the amount of the five phenolic acids analysed (p < 0.05) were detected among the wheat genotypes investigated. Results showed that among the investigated phenolic compounds, trans‐ferulic acid was the most abundant, ranging from 13.28 μg/g to 324.69 μg/g; all the other identified compounds were present at lower concentrations. Moreover, significant differences on the antioxidant activity were observed. Collected data suggested possible differences between biosynthetic pathway of secondary metabolites among durum wheat genotypes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Alessandro Di Loreto; Sara Bosi; Lidia Montero; Valeria Bregola; Ilaria Marotti; Giovanni Dinelli; Miguel Herrero; Alejandro Cifuentes; R.E. Sferrazza. Determination of phenolic compounds in ancient and modern durum wheat genotypes. ELECTROPHORESIS 2018, 39, 2001 -2010.
AMA StyleAlessandro Di Loreto, Sara Bosi, Lidia Montero, Valeria Bregola, Ilaria Marotti, Giovanni Dinelli, Miguel Herrero, Alejandro Cifuentes, R.E. Sferrazza. Determination of phenolic compounds in ancient and modern durum wheat genotypes. ELECTROPHORESIS. 2018; 39 (15):2001-2010.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlessandro Di Loreto; Sara Bosi; Lidia Montero; Valeria Bregola; Ilaria Marotti; Giovanni Dinelli; Miguel Herrero; Alejandro Cifuentes; R.E. Sferrazza. 2018. "Determination of phenolic compounds in ancient and modern durum wheat genotypes." ELECTROPHORESIS 39, no. 15: 2001-2010.
Environmental impacts of genetically modified crops are mandatorily assessed during their pre‐market phase. One of the areas of concern is the possible impact on non‐target organisms. Crops expressing Cry toxins might affect Lepidoptera larvae living outside cultivated fields, through pollen deposition on wild plants which constitute their food source. While pollen toxicity varies among different events, possible exposure of non‐target species depends on the agro‐environmental conditions. This study was conducted in two protected areas in Italy, characterized by different climatic conditions, where many Lepidoptera species thrive in proximity to maize cultivations. To estimate the possible exposure in absence of the actual stressor (e.g. Cry1‐expressing maize plants), we conducted a two‐year field survey of butterflies and weeds. Indicator species were selected ‐ Aglais (Inachis) io in the Northern site and Vanessa cardui in the Southern site ‐ and their phenology was investigated. Pollen dispersal from maize fields was measured by collection in Petri dishes. Duration and frequency of exposure was defined by the overlap between pollen emission and presence of larvae on host plants. Different risk scenarios are expected in the two regions: highest exposure is foreseen for A. io in the Northern site, while minimal exposure is estimated for V. cardui in the Southern site. In the latter case, locally grown maize cultivars flower in mid‐summer in coincidence with an aestivation period for several butterfly species due to hot and dry conditions. Moreover, host plants of V. cardui are at the end of their life cycle thus limiting food availability. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Salvatore Arpaia; Ferdinando Baldacchino; Sara Bosi; Giovanni Burgio; Simona Errico; Rosaria Alessandra Magarelli; Antonio Masetti; Salvatore Santorsola. Evaluation of the potential exposure of butterflies to genetically modified maize pollen in protected areas in Italy. Insect Science 2018, 25, 549 -561.
AMA StyleSalvatore Arpaia, Ferdinando Baldacchino, Sara Bosi, Giovanni Burgio, Simona Errico, Rosaria Alessandra Magarelli, Antonio Masetti, Salvatore Santorsola. Evaluation of the potential exposure of butterflies to genetically modified maize pollen in protected areas in Italy. Insect Science. 2018; 25 (4):549-561.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvatore Arpaia; Ferdinando Baldacchino; Sara Bosi; Giovanni Burgio; Simona Errico; Rosaria Alessandra Magarelli; Antonio Masetti; Salvatore Santorsola. 2018. "Evaluation of the potential exposure of butterflies to genetically modified maize pollen in protected areas in Italy." Insect Science 25, no. 4: 549-561.
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of selected metal (Ag, Co, Ni) and metal oxide (CeO2, Fe3O4, SnO2, TiO2) engineered nanoparticles on basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Seedlings, grown in soil mixture (20% sandy soil, 80% peat), were exposed to nanoparticles once per week, for 4 weeks with solutions at 100 μg mL−1 of nanoparticle component metal, to simulate a chronic exposure to NPs supplied with irrigation. At the end of the experiment (4 weeks), (i) morphological and physiological parameters of basil (e.g. dry weight, gaseous exchange), (ii) nanoparticle component metal taken up by the basil plant (namely, Ag, Ce, Co, Fe, Ni, Sn and Ti) and (iii) the content of nutrients (Ca, Mg, K, Na, P and S) in different basil organs were evaluated. The results indicated that the nanoparticle component metal was mainly accumulated in the basil roots. However, despite the capability of plant to exclude potentially toxic elements, Ag, CeO2, Co and Ni NPs component metal translocate from the root to the shoot reaching the leaves, the edible part of the plant. Notably, also in the relative short exposure there was an accumulation of Ca in roots, suggesting that the modification of metabolic pathway in plants could be aimed at counteracting the membrane damage generated directly or indirectly by nanoparticles.
L. Vittori Antisari; S. Carbone; S. Bosi; A. Gatti; Giovanni Dinelli. Engineered nanoparticles effects in soil-plant system: Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) study case. Applied Soil Ecology 2018, 123, 551 -560.
AMA StyleL. Vittori Antisari, S. Carbone, S. Bosi, A. Gatti, Giovanni Dinelli. Engineered nanoparticles effects in soil-plant system: Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) study case. Applied Soil Ecology. 2018; 123 ():551-560.
Chicago/Turabian StyleL. Vittori Antisari; S. Carbone; S. Bosi; A. Gatti; Giovanni Dinelli. 2018. "Engineered nanoparticles effects in soil-plant system: Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) study case." Applied Soil Ecology 123, no. : 551-560.
Phenolic compounds have received great attention among the health promoting phytochemicals in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), mainly because of their strong antioxidant properties. In the present study a simple Capillary Zone Electrophoresis (CZE) method with UV detection was optimized and validated for the quantitation of six of the most important phenolic acids in whole grain i.e., sinapic, ferulic, syringic, p-coumaric, vanillic and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. The separation was achieved in a running buffer composed of sodium phosphate solution (50 mM) in water/methanol 80:20 (v/v) at pH 6.0 and using a fused-silica capillary at the temperature of 30 °C under application of 27 kV. By means of diode array detector, and made possible by the favorable characteristic UV spectra, the quantitation of the solutes was carried out at 200, 220 and 300 nm, in the complex matrices represented by the soluble and bound fractions of wheat flours. The validation parameters of the method i.e., linearity, sensitivity, precision, accuracy and robustness were in line with those obtained by consolidated separation techniques applied for the same purposes (e.g., HPLC-UV), with a significant advantage in term of analysis time (less than 12 min). Ten varieties of soft wheat (five modern Italian and five old Italian genotypes) were analysed and the data were subjected to Principal Components Analysis (PCA). Interestingly, significant differences of the quantitative phenolic acids profile were observed between the modern and the ancient genotypes, with the latter showing higher amount of the main represented phenolic acids.
Roberto Gotti; Elisa Amadesi; Jessica Fiori; Sara Bosi; Valeria Bregola; Ilaria Marotti; Giovanni Dinelli. Differentiation of modern and ancient varieties of common wheat by quantitative capillary electrophoretic profile of phenolic acids. Journal of Chromatography A 2018, 1532, 208 -215.
AMA StyleRoberto Gotti, Elisa Amadesi, Jessica Fiori, Sara Bosi, Valeria Bregola, Ilaria Marotti, Giovanni Dinelli. Differentiation of modern and ancient varieties of common wheat by quantitative capillary electrophoretic profile of phenolic acids. Journal of Chromatography A. 2018; 1532 ():208-215.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto Gotti; Elisa Amadesi; Jessica Fiori; Sara Bosi; Valeria Bregola; Ilaria Marotti; Giovanni Dinelli. 2018. "Differentiation of modern and ancient varieties of common wheat by quantitative capillary electrophoretic profile of phenolic acids." Journal of Chromatography A 1532, no. : 208-215.
SUMMARYRecently, organic farming systems have attracted the attention of consumers because of their low environmental impact. Organic agriculture is a valid alternative to conventional farming and ancient wheat, such as KAMUT® khorasan wheat (T. turgidum ssp. turanicum), has emerged as an industry leader for its nutritional and functional properties (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and prebiotic).The aim of the present study was to evaluate environmental effects on the quality of KAMUT® khorasan grains harvested in the last two decades (1989–2012) on one farm in Montana (USA), through the evaluation of phytochemical accumulation. Results revealed high variability in the amounts of macronutrients and nutraceuticals. In particular, from 1989 to 2012, there was a decreasing trend in starch content (ranging from 70·87 to 50·54/100 g) and amylose (from 41·48 to 31·46% of total starch) with a slight increase of insoluble dietary fibre (from 12·14 to 17·75/100 g). The soluble dietary fibre content varied among the years of cultivation even if the general trend remained constant (4·57–2·82/100 g). High variability of total polyphenols content was observed with the free soluble fraction present at lower levels than bound polyphenols (BP). Moreover, an inverse correlation between free and BP was observed. The results obtained in the present study show that the influence of environmental conditions plays a fundamental role in the accumulation of primary and secondary metabolites in wheat kernels and strongly modulate the nutritional and nutraceutical value of flour.
A. Di Loreto; R. Di Silvestro; G. Dinelli; V. Bregola; V. Stenico; R. E. Sferrazza; I. Marotti; R. Quinn; Sara Bosi. Nutritional and nutraceutical aspects of KAMUT® khorasan wheat grown during the last two decades. The Journal of Agricultural Science 2017, 155, 954 -965.
AMA StyleA. Di Loreto, R. Di Silvestro, G. Dinelli, V. Bregola, V. Stenico, R. E. Sferrazza, I. Marotti, R. Quinn, Sara Bosi. Nutritional and nutraceutical aspects of KAMUT® khorasan wheat grown during the last two decades. The Journal of Agricultural Science. 2017; 155 (6):954-965.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Di Loreto; R. Di Silvestro; G. Dinelli; V. Bregola; V. Stenico; R. E. Sferrazza; I. Marotti; R. Quinn; Sara Bosi. 2017. "Nutritional and nutraceutical aspects of KAMUT® khorasan wheat grown during the last two decades." The Journal of Agricultural Science 155, no. 6: 954-965.
BACKGROUND Wheat grain (Triticum aestivum L.) possesses significant amounts of antioxidants that contribute to the dietary antiradical protection against a number of chronic diseases. Despite the increasing interest in organic food among both consumers and scientists, the availability of literature studies concerning the environment effect under organic management is still scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of wheat varieties by considering the genotype response to different environmental factors under biodynamic management. RESULTS The soluble fraction of phenolic compounds was mainly determined by the environment, whereas a major genotypic effect was observed for the bound forms, which were present at higher amounts in red grain varieties. Moreover, a predominant effect of genotype was observed for yellow pigment content and antioxidant activity determined by the FRAP method. Despite some changes induced by environment, most genotypes had stable antioxidant properties and different phenolic profiles as determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, except for the old variety Inallettabile, which was the most sensitive to environmental fluctuations. CONCLUSION The red grain varieties Andriolo, Gentil rosso and Verna were identified as the most promising breeding material for the development of varieties with high nutraceutical value under low‐input management. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Raffaella Di Silvestro; Alessandro Di Loreto; Sara Bosi; Valeria Bregola; Ilaria Marotti; Stefano Benedettelli; Antonio Segura Carretero; Giovanni Dinelli. Environment and genotype effects on antioxidant properties of organically grown wheat varieties: a 3-year study. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2016, 97, 641 -649.
AMA StyleRaffaella Di Silvestro, Alessandro Di Loreto, Sara Bosi, Valeria Bregola, Ilaria Marotti, Stefano Benedettelli, Antonio Segura Carretero, Giovanni Dinelli. Environment and genotype effects on antioxidant properties of organically grown wheat varieties: a 3-year study. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2016; 97 (2):641-649.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaffaella Di Silvestro; Alessandro Di Loreto; Sara Bosi; Valeria Bregola; Ilaria Marotti; Stefano Benedettelli; Antonio Segura Carretero; Giovanni Dinelli. 2016. "Environment and genotype effects on antioxidant properties of organically grown wheat varieties: a 3-year study." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 97, no. 2: 641-649.
Chiara Piovene; Francesco Orsini; Sara Bosi; Rabab Sanoubar; Valeria Bregola; Giovanni Dinelli; Giorgio Prosdocimi Gianquinto. Optimal red:blue ratio in led lighting for nutraceutical indoor horticulture. Scientia Horticulturae 2015, 193, 202 -208.
AMA StyleChiara Piovene, Francesco Orsini, Sara Bosi, Rabab Sanoubar, Valeria Bregola, Giovanni Dinelli, Giorgio Prosdocimi Gianquinto. Optimal red:blue ratio in led lighting for nutraceutical indoor horticulture. Scientia Horticulturae. 2015; 193 ():202-208.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChiara Piovene; Francesco Orsini; Sara Bosi; Rabab Sanoubar; Valeria Bregola; Giovanni Dinelli; Giorgio Prosdocimi Gianquinto. 2015. "Optimal red:blue ratio in led lighting for nutraceutical indoor horticulture." Scientia Horticulturae 193, no. : 202-208.