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Prof. Paolo Gaiardelli
Università degli Studi di Bergamo

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0 Lean Culture
0 Lean Manufacturing
0 SMED
0 Industry 4.0
0 product-service system

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product-service system
Industry 4.0
Lean Manufacturing

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Earlycite article
Published: 25 February 2021 in Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyse the effect of different forms of service supplier involvement on the service business dimensions necessary for servitisation and on the resulting servitisation performance. Design/methodology/approach Three different configurations of service supplier involvement are considered in this study: black box (service design and execution driven by the service supplier), grey box (joint service design) and white box (service design driven by the product firm). The study analyses their contribution by means of a cross-sectional quantitative survey with 104 Brazilian and Italian firms using multivariate analysis of variance. Findings Companies that adopted the grey box configuration presented the best results in servitisation. White and black box may offer different benefits depending on the service business dimension that the company chooses to emphasise. Originality/value The results show which type of service supplier involvement is more effective for servitisation. The empirical data demonstrate that a joint service design (grey box involvement) is the best approach, but the paper discusses limitations for its implementation and alternatives regarding the two other types of service supplier involvement. The findings contribute to the discussion on the role of service suppliers in servitisation and provide empirical evidence to support operations managers in deciding on how to organise their service supply chain when aiming for servitisation.

ACS Style

Néstor F. Ayala; Paolo Gaiardelli; Giuditta Pezzotta; Marie Anne Le Dain; Alejandro G. Frank. Adopting service suppliers for servitisation: which type of supplier involvement is more effective? Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 2021, 32, 977 -993.

AMA Style

Néstor F. Ayala, Paolo Gaiardelli, Giuditta Pezzotta, Marie Anne Le Dain, Alejandro G. Frank. Adopting service suppliers for servitisation: which type of supplier involvement is more effective? Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management. 2021; 32 (5):977-993.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Néstor F. Ayala; Paolo Gaiardelli; Giuditta Pezzotta; Marie Anne Le Dain; Alejandro G. Frank. 2021. "Adopting service suppliers for servitisation: which type of supplier involvement is more effective?" Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 32, no. 5: 977-993.

Theoretical article
Published: 12 February 2021 in Service Business
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Recent economic transformations have forced companies to redefine their value propositions, increasing traditional product offerings with supplementary services—the so-called Product-Service System (PSS). Among them, the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies is very common. However, the directions that companies are undertaking to offer new value to their customers in the Industry 4.0 have not yet been investigated in detail. Based on a focus group, this paper contributes to this understanding by identifying the main trajectories that would shape a future scenario in which PSS and Industry 4.0 would merge. In addition, future research directions addressing (a) the transformation of the PSS value chain into a PSS ecosystem, (b) the transformation inside a single company towards becoming a PSS provider, and (c) the digital transformation of the traditional PSS business model are identified.

ACS Style

Paolo Gaiardelli; Giuditta Pezzotta; Alice Rondini; David Romero; Farnaz Jarrahi; Marco Bertoni; Stefan Wiesner; Thorsten Wuest; Tobias Larsson; Mohamed Zaki; Philipp Jussen; Xavier Boucher; Ali Z. Bigdeli; Sergio Cavalieri. Product-service systems evolution in the era of Industry 4.0. Service Business 2021, 15, 177 -207.

AMA Style

Paolo Gaiardelli, Giuditta Pezzotta, Alice Rondini, David Romero, Farnaz Jarrahi, Marco Bertoni, Stefan Wiesner, Thorsten Wuest, Tobias Larsson, Mohamed Zaki, Philipp Jussen, Xavier Boucher, Ali Z. Bigdeli, Sergio Cavalieri. Product-service systems evolution in the era of Industry 4.0. Service Business. 2021; 15 (1):177-207.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolo Gaiardelli; Giuditta Pezzotta; Alice Rondini; David Romero; Farnaz Jarrahi; Marco Bertoni; Stefan Wiesner; Thorsten Wuest; Tobias Larsson; Mohamed Zaki; Philipp Jussen; Xavier Boucher; Ali Z. Bigdeli; Sergio Cavalieri. 2021. "Product-service systems evolution in the era of Industry 4.0." Service Business 15, no. 1: 177-207.

Conference paper
Published: 25 August 2020 in Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World
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The reshoring phenomenon has been explored mainly in the context of manufacturing, while research on business service still appears lacking behind. To address this gap, the article explores the reshoring phenomenon relevance in the context of business services. The research applies a Delphi method developed along three rounds involving a panel of 18 experts. The results show that, although still being in its infancy, the reshoring phenomenon will impact significantly business services in the next future, but with its own specificity, thus deserving dedicated future research streams. Particularly the experts highlight that the main drivers leading to business service reshoring are quite different with respect to ones identified in manufacturing reshoring literature. Moreover, this study indicates that service reshoring will be fundamental in all the business services in which the technology cannot be considered as the main driver for service delivery and that requires a strong human relationship.

ACS Style

Paolo Gaiardelli; Albachiara Boffelli; Matteo Kalchschmidt; Daniel Bellazzi; Simone Orom Samorani. Reshoring of Service Operations: Evidence from a Delphi Study. Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World 2020, 617 -624.

AMA Style

Paolo Gaiardelli, Albachiara Boffelli, Matteo Kalchschmidt, Daniel Bellazzi, Simone Orom Samorani. Reshoring of Service Operations: Evidence from a Delphi Study. Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World. 2020; ():617-624.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolo Gaiardelli; Albachiara Boffelli; Matteo Kalchschmidt; Daniel Bellazzi; Simone Orom Samorani. 2020. "Reshoring of Service Operations: Evidence from a Delphi Study." Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World , no. : 617-624.

Conference paper
Published: 25 August 2020 in Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World
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This paper describes the design, development and commercialization of a digital twin in an industrial product service system (industrial PSS). The twin was one of a number developed as part of a Smart Twin project in Switzerland with multiple industrial partners. The case here follows a commercialization process for digital twin-enabled services and will highlight some of the critical success factors. The service provided with the support of the digital twin was based on the reliable and predictable operation of a server room. Equipment in the room comes from several original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), and a system integrator manages the system. The approach is to apply action research as the methodology on a single case and then to identify and assess the aspects where Service Dominant (S-D) logic supported or hindered the development of the new digital technology-based service that was being co-created between the supplier and the customer. The analysis of the case confirmed that S-D logic supported the development of Smart Service offerings and showed that value co-creation can be developed.

ACS Style

Oliver Stoll; Shaun West; Paolo Gaiardelli; David Harrison; Fintan J. Corcoran. The Successful Commercialization of a Digital Twin in an Industrial Product Service System. Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World 2020, 275 -282.

AMA Style

Oliver Stoll, Shaun West, Paolo Gaiardelli, David Harrison, Fintan J. Corcoran. The Successful Commercialization of a Digital Twin in an Industrial Product Service System. Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World. 2020; ():275-282.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Oliver Stoll; Shaun West; Paolo Gaiardelli; David Harrison; Fintan J. Corcoran. 2020. "The Successful Commercialization of a Digital Twin in an Industrial Product Service System." Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World , no. : 275-282.

Earlycite article
Published: 02 June 2020 in International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the fit between the strategy of service centres and their business model (BM) and to identify the BM components' characteristics and links that allow it to stand out in terms of service delivery and business performance. Design/methodology/approach This study applies an inductive qualitative multiple case study approach through the empirical analysis of top-performing Italian service centres operating in the Medium–Heavy Commercial Vehicle sector. Findings Research findings underline that the BM components of top performers are consistent amongst each other and with the adopted strategy and make a positive impact on the firm's performance. In particular, top performers are characterised by a solid financial structure based on equity, formalised and flexible organisational structures and processes, clarity in strategic direction and long-term orientation, grounded capabilities, competences and skills, trustful relationships with main service partners and a comprehensive set of managerial mechanisms. Research limitations/implications This paper presents some limitations, typical of qualitative research based on case studies. Future works may include other dimensions of performance for identifying top performers, and extend the empirical analysis to different sectors and national contexts. Originality/value This paper supports the relevance of contingency theory – particularly the strategy-structure-performance paradigm – in the analysis of the role of a BM in successful servitization strategies of service centres. It highlights that the BMs of the top-performing companies are characterised by some common elements. From a practical perspective, the authors provide insights that can be useful for designing successful service-based BMs for service networks.

ACS Style

Paolo Gaiardelli; Lucrezia Songini. Successful business models for service centres: an empirical analysis. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 2020, 70, 1187 -1212.

AMA Style

Paolo Gaiardelli, Lucrezia Songini. Successful business models for service centres: an empirical analysis. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management. 2020; 70 (5):1187-1212.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolo Gaiardelli; Lucrezia Songini. 2020. "Successful business models for service centres: an empirical analysis." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 70, no. 5: 1187-1212.

Journal article
Published: 25 December 2019 in IFAC-PapersOnLine
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This paper proposes Jidoka (automation with a human touch) as the main guiding principle for SMEs digital transformation; understood as the continuous increase of levels of automation and intelligence at their shopfloors in an economic, social and technological sustainable way. It stresses the forgotten dual nature of Jidoka as an ‘automation approach’ as well as a ‘learning system’, capable of simultaneously improving the efficiency of manufacturing processes and cultivating the workforce skills needed to develop and/or adopt advanced automation solutions. The paper aims to remind the developers of automatic control systems in the Industry 4.0 era that it is only through human-machine mutual learning, characterized by cyber-physical-social interactions (cf. Jidoka 4.0 Systems), that sustainable higher levels of automation and intelligence can be achieved. Human operators need to know the processes that are being automated, so that, at the same time, this knowledge can be continuously updated and processes improved as digital technologies evolve: “Incorporating human learning, gives automation its human touch”.

ACS Style

David Romero; Paolo Gaiardelli; Daryl Powell; Thorsten Wuest; Matthias Thürer. Rethinking Jidoka Systems under Automation & Learning Perspectives in the Digital Lean Manufacturing World. IFAC-PapersOnLine 2019, 52, 899 -903.

AMA Style

David Romero, Paolo Gaiardelli, Daryl Powell, Thorsten Wuest, Matthias Thürer. Rethinking Jidoka Systems under Automation & Learning Perspectives in the Digital Lean Manufacturing World. IFAC-PapersOnLine. 2019; 52 (13):899-903.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Romero; Paolo Gaiardelli; Daryl Powell; Thorsten Wuest; Matthias Thürer. 2019. "Rethinking Jidoka Systems under Automation & Learning Perspectives in the Digital Lean Manufacturing World." IFAC-PapersOnLine 52, no. 13: 899-903.

Journal article
Published: 26 November 2019 in Sustainability
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The increasing attention of stakeholders regarding environmental issues is pushing companies to question their own environmental strategies and to consequently adopt coherent practices. The textile industry appears to be particularly affected because of its heavy impact on the environment. Despite many companies in this industry having developed integrated environmental management systems to make their environmental strategies more effective, the alignment of environmental practices with these strategies is not yet completely evident. This paper aims to fill this gap through a three-step research process. First of all, a reference model built upon an in-depth analysis of the literature provides a summary of the main strategies and practices for corporate environmental management. The model is then used to support an online survey aimed at understanding the level of adoption of environmental management practices in the textile industry. Subsequently, a cluster analysis identifies three different types of companies characterized by three strategic configurations: “committed”, “prone”, and “subjected” to environmental sustainability. Then, each type of company is characterized in terms of practices. Finally, the achieved results are used to derive some considerations (e.g., engaging with stakeholders, looking back to align practice with strategy, looking forward to become environmental leaders) that companies can consider to move forward in their environmental sustainability journey.

ACS Style

Albachiara Boffelli; Stefano Dotti; Paolo Gaiardelli; Giorgia Carissimi; Barbara Resta. Corporate Environmental Management for the Textile Industry: Toward an Empirical Typology. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6688 .

AMA Style

Albachiara Boffelli, Stefano Dotti, Paolo Gaiardelli, Giorgia Carissimi, Barbara Resta. Corporate Environmental Management for the Textile Industry: Toward an Empirical Typology. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (23):6688.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Albachiara Boffelli; Stefano Dotti; Paolo Gaiardelli; Giorgia Carissimi; Barbara Resta. 2019. "Corporate Environmental Management for the Textile Industry: Toward an Empirical Typology." Sustainability 11, no. 23: 6688.

Conference paper
Published: 24 August 2019 in Security Education and Critical Infrastructures
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Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) have evolved to alleviate the drawbacks of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems by providing real-time information exploitation from the shop floor. In parallel with the increasing number of companies adopting MES, MES vendors have exponentially increased over the past two decades. While companies tend to focus merely on the technological aspects of the MES implementation, the adoption of MES implies an organizational transformation process that needs to be properly addressed by companies for implementation success. This is important because the new functions, services, and operability offered by the MES needs to be aligned with existing business processes and practices. Considering the human, technological, and organizational aspects holistically, this paper outlines critical success criteria and proposes an organizational readiness model for MES implementation.

ACS Style

Daniela Invernizzi; Paolo Gaiardelli; Emrah Arica; Daryl Powell. MES Implementation: Critical Success Factors and Organizational Readiness Model. Security Education and Critical Infrastructures 2019, 493 -501.

AMA Style

Daniela Invernizzi, Paolo Gaiardelli, Emrah Arica, Daryl Powell. MES Implementation: Critical Success Factors and Organizational Readiness Model. Security Education and Critical Infrastructures. 2019; ():493-501.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniela Invernizzi; Paolo Gaiardelli; Emrah Arica; Daryl Powell. 2019. "MES Implementation: Critical Success Factors and Organizational Readiness Model." Security Education and Critical Infrastructures , no. : 493-501.

Journal article
Published: 04 March 2019 in International Journal of Lean Six Sigma
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Purpose Although lean popularity is rapidly growing, its implementation is far from problem-free and companies may experience difficulties in sustaining long-term success. On this premises, the purpose of this paper is to understand to what extent human factors, affected by the implementation of both hard (defined as technical and analytical tools) and soft (concerning people and relations) lean practices, play a key role in achieving long-term superior performance. Design/methodology/approach The analysis of the relationships between lean practices implementation, human factors and operational performance is carried out in a single exploratory case study. A retrospective approach is adopted to trace the changes of human and operational performance before, during and after the introduction of lean management (LM) implementation. In particular, a mixed method concurrent design merging results of a qualitative analysis with data collected from a survey is selected to provide a more realistic benefit in the exploration of the proposed research questions. Findings The results show a short-term direct relationship between the implementation of lean practices (hard and soft) and physical work environment and job characteristics, directly connected to operational outcome. In the long term, operational performance is influenced by employee behaviour outcome and conditioned by physical work environment and job characteristics with the mediating effect of individual characteristics. Practical implications The proposed model supports the building of a roadmap for LM implementation, taking into account the role of the human factors to achieve superior operational performance. Moreover, it helps managers to implement a monitoring system to check how social and technical components of a LM system evolve over time. Finally, it supports the definition of specific training programs, tailored for specific workers’ types. Originality/value This paper extends theory in LM, highlighting how hard and soft lean practices have to interact to enable a successful LM implementation.

ACS Style

Paolo Gaiardelli; Barbara Resta; Stefano Dotti. Exploring the role of human factors in lean management. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma 2019, 10, 339 -366.

AMA Style

Paolo Gaiardelli, Barbara Resta, Stefano Dotti. Exploring the role of human factors in lean management. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma. 2019; 10 (1):339-366.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolo Gaiardelli; Barbara Resta; Stefano Dotti. 2019. "Exploring the role of human factors in lean management." International Journal of Lean Six Sigma 10, no. 1: 339-366.

Journal article
Published: 04 March 2019 in The TQM Journal
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The purpose of this paper is to propose a methodology to support the Hoshin Kanri (HK) process taking into account the variance of senior managers’ perspective regarding the relationships among objectives, key performance indicators and continuous improvement (CI) projects. A four-step methodology incorporates the A3 report into the HK, whose deployment was weighted by the variability among managers’ perception about the importance of each decision. This methodology was applied in a market-leader Mexican auto parts manufacturing company that is undergoing a Lean Manufacturing (LM) implementation. The results indicate that the proposed methodology provides an easier approach to consolidate different perspectives and weight the importance of CI projects. Moreover, it minimizes the possibility of managerial conflicts or the influence of a determined senior manager on others’ opinions during the deployment and prioritization. This work may be of great interest to managers, consultants and professionals who deal with the implementation of LM and wish to prioritize the importance of CI projects within the perspective of HK. HK provides a systematic approach to integrate strategic management with daily routine management through an adequate deployment of organizational policies to all levels. However, companies usually struggle with several issues such as the style of senior managers and consensus establishment among different opinions, which emphasizes the relevance of the proposed methodology in this study.

ACS Style

Guilherme Tortorella; Paulo A. Cauchick-Miguel; Paolo Gaiardelli. Hoshin Kanri and A3: a proposal for integrating variability into the policy deployment process. The TQM Journal 2019, 31, 118 -135.

AMA Style

Guilherme Tortorella, Paulo A. Cauchick-Miguel, Paolo Gaiardelli. Hoshin Kanri and A3: a proposal for integrating variability into the policy deployment process. The TQM Journal. 2019; 31 (2):118-135.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guilherme Tortorella; Paulo A. Cauchick-Miguel; Paolo Gaiardelli. 2019. "Hoshin Kanri and A3: a proposal for integrating variability into the policy deployment process." The TQM Journal 31, no. 2: 118-135.

Journal article
Published: 06 September 2018 in IFAC-PapersOnLine
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This paper attempts to explore technology-driven service innovation in manufacturing firms. It addresses the characteristics and ‘smartness’ of services provided by manufacturing companies and large OEMs within the context of product service systems enabled by Industry 4.0/IoT technologies (i.e. digital servitization). The paper takes ten different IOT-based service systems, and through the lens of Service Dominant (SD) logic analyses the different approaches used in service innovation. The dimensions used for the analysis are ‘service ecosystem’, ‘service platform’ and ‘value co-creation’. It was found, in some cases, that the proposed innovations cannot be considered ‘smart’ through the lens of SD logic, since they contribute little to value co-creation and to the development of ecosystems. Nevertheless, this does not negate their usefulness. We further discriminate between the different approaches to digital servitization, respectively app-ization and system-thinking. Last, the paper highlights that enabling technologies are provided by players that differ in terms of service scope and capabilities to run the service operations.

ACS Style

Shaun West; Paolo Gaiardelli; Mario Rapaccini. Exploring technology-driven service innovation in manufacturing firms through the lens of Service Dominant logic. IFAC-PapersOnLine 2018, 51, 1317 -1322.

AMA Style

Shaun West, Paolo Gaiardelli, Mario Rapaccini. Exploring technology-driven service innovation in manufacturing firms through the lens of Service Dominant logic. IFAC-PapersOnLine. 2018; 51 (11):1317-1322.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shaun West; Paolo Gaiardelli; Mario Rapaccini. 2018. "Exploring technology-driven service innovation in manufacturing firms through the lens of Service Dominant logic." IFAC-PapersOnLine 51, no. 11: 1317-1322.

Journal article
Published: 06 September 2018 in IFAC-PapersOnLine
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Despite smart technologies playing a fundamental role in enabling the creation of Product Service System (PSS) value, understanding how to transform data into information and knowledge is still a critical issue. This paper adopts a mixed research methodology consisting of literature review, case studies, survey and interviews to analyse the main challenges that companies have to face when translating big data into actions in a PSS domain. Lessons learnt are used to develop a process to help companies understand the complexities of integrating smart technologies into their existing offerings, to provide the value the customer expects. The process is composed of five main phases and supports ecosystem engagement in PSS value creation.

ACS Style

Shaun West; Paolo Gaiardelli; Barbara Resta; Dominik Kujawski. Co-creation of value in Product-Service Systems through transforming data into knowledge. IFAC-PapersOnLine 2018, 51, 1323 -1328.

AMA Style

Shaun West, Paolo Gaiardelli, Barbara Resta, Dominik Kujawski. Co-creation of value in Product-Service Systems through transforming data into knowledge. IFAC-PapersOnLine. 2018; 51 (11):1323-1328.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shaun West; Paolo Gaiardelli; Barbara Resta; Dominik Kujawski. 2018. "Co-creation of value in Product-Service Systems through transforming data into knowledge." IFAC-PapersOnLine 51, no. 11: 1323-1328.

Conference paper
Published: 25 August 2018 in ICT Systems Security and Privacy Protection
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This paper explores the emergence of the next cyber/digital frontier for lean manufacturing practices. It focuses on (a) the new capabilities of information and operational technologies (ITs/OTs) for proactively detecting and eliminating potential ‘physical waste’ in production processes, preventing its manifestation in the real world through powerful virtual models and simulations as well as real-time performance monitoring systems based on advanced data analytics, and (b) on identifying and eliminating ‘digital waste’ that may come into existence in the cyber world due to the non-use (e.g. lost digital opportunities) and/or over-use (e.g. abused digital capabilities) of new digital/smart manufacturing technologies.

ACS Style

David Romero; Paolo Gaiardelli; Daryl Powell; Thorsten Wuest; Matthias Thürer. Digital Lean Cyber-Physical Production Systems: The Emergence of Digital Lean Manufacturing and the Significance of Digital Waste. ICT Systems Security and Privacy Protection 2018, 11 -20.

AMA Style

David Romero, Paolo Gaiardelli, Daryl Powell, Thorsten Wuest, Matthias Thürer. Digital Lean Cyber-Physical Production Systems: The Emergence of Digital Lean Manufacturing and the Significance of Digital Waste. ICT Systems Security and Privacy Protection. 2018; ():11-20.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Romero; Paolo Gaiardelli; Daryl Powell; Thorsten Wuest; Matthias Thürer. 2018. "Digital Lean Cyber-Physical Production Systems: The Emergence of Digital Lean Manufacturing and the Significance of Digital Waste." ICT Systems Security and Privacy Protection , no. : 11-20.

Conference paper
Published: 25 August 2018 in IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology
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Lean production emerged as an alternative way of organizing and managing manufacturing operations in the 1990s, following the close examination and promotion of the Toyota Production System as a better way of working. More recently, the advent of Industry 4.0 and its associated Cyber-Physical Production Systems has materialised novel ways of optimizing production operations. Though it is generally agreed that manufacturers should not neglect one of the aforementioned approaches in favour of the other, there remains uncertainty as to how Industry 4.0 technologies should be integrated with existing lean production programmes. This paper presents an overview of both approaches, and provides an exploratory study that examines the integration of Lean and Industry 4.0 in practice.

ACS Style

Daryl Powell; David Romero; Paolo Gaiardelli; Chiara Cimini; Sergio Cavalieri. Towards Digital Lean Cyber-Physical Production Systems: Industry 4.0 Technologies as Enablers of Leaner Production. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology 2018, 353 -362.

AMA Style

Daryl Powell, David Romero, Paolo Gaiardelli, Chiara Cimini, Sergio Cavalieri. Towards Digital Lean Cyber-Physical Production Systems: Industry 4.0 Technologies as Enablers of Leaner Production. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. 2018; ():353-362.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daryl Powell; David Romero; Paolo Gaiardelli; Chiara Cimini; Sergio Cavalieri. 2018. "Towards Digital Lean Cyber-Physical Production Systems: Industry 4.0 Technologies as Enablers of Leaner Production." IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology , no. : 353-362.

Research article
Published: 23 April 2018 in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability
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Maintenance services of geographically dispersed industrial applications, such as oil transfer systems via pipelines and wastewater treatment plants, are affected by high logistics costs and risks of permanent downtimes. The increasing availability of smart technologies and devices has led to the introduction of advanced prognostic and diagnostic systems to support maintenance activities. In this context, artificial immune systems support the development of industrial applications, where machines and equipment are capable of self-repairing, healing and learning due to their ability to learn from experience. However, the applicability of artificial immune systems has a limited set of contexts along with a low incidence of real-word implementations in the literature, and thus, additional explorative studies are necessary. This article describes a proposed hybrid system conceived by integrating a multi-agent system–based architecture with the main features of artificial immune systems and evaluates its potential applications in two different industrial settings. The flexibility of the behaviour of artificial immune systems methodologies allows for the implementation of a reliable diagnostic and prognostic system, while the choice of multi-agent system architecture enables a mix of autonomy and distributed processing that overcomes the strong limitations of a reduced training dataset.

ACS Style

Luca Fasanotti; Sergio Cavalieri; Emanuele Dovere; Paolo Gaiardelli; Carlos Eduardo Pereira. An artificial immune intelligent maintenance system for distributed industrial environments. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability 2018, 232, 401 -414.

AMA Style

Luca Fasanotti, Sergio Cavalieri, Emanuele Dovere, Paolo Gaiardelli, Carlos Eduardo Pereira. An artificial immune intelligent maintenance system for distributed industrial environments. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability. 2018; 232 (4):401-414.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luca Fasanotti; Sergio Cavalieri; Emanuele Dovere; Paolo Gaiardelli; Carlos Eduardo Pereira. 2018. "An artificial immune intelligent maintenance system for distributed industrial environments." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability 232, no. 4: 401-414.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2017 in Service Science
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The proper design and management of product-service system (PSS) supply chains is a prerequisite for the successful implementation of servitised business models. As underlined by empirical evidence, research on how different types of PSS offerings affect the design and management of the upstream supply chain of PSS providers still appears to be lagging. Therefore, this paper introduces a theoretical explanatory conceptual framework derived from a literature analysis and further developed by four case studies from the automotive sector, which highlight the linkages between the value proposition and supply chain of PSS providers. The results are summarised into 11 propositions that underline the key roles and capabilities that bridge PSS offering features with distinctive characteristics of the PSS supply chain. They also show specific patterns of partners’ relationships and organisational configurations that can be identified during the servitisation transformation.

ACS Style

Barbara Resta; Paolo Gaiardelli; Sergio Cavalieri; Stefano Dotti. Enhancing the Design and Management of the Product-Service System Supply Chain: An Application to the Automotive Sector. Service Science 2017, 9, 302 -314.

AMA Style

Barbara Resta, Paolo Gaiardelli, Sergio Cavalieri, Stefano Dotti. Enhancing the Design and Management of the Product-Service System Supply Chain: An Application to the Automotive Sector. Service Science. 2017; 9 (4):302-314.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Barbara Resta; Paolo Gaiardelli; Sergio Cavalieri; Stefano Dotti. 2017. "Enhancing the Design and Management of the Product-Service System Supply Chain: An Application to the Automotive Sector." Service Science 9, no. 4: 302-314.

Book chapter
Published: 07 November 2017 in Performance Measurement and Management Control: Global Issues
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ACS Style

Anna Pistoni; Lucrezia Songini; Paolo Gaiardelli; Sara Pegoraro; Sara Pegorano. Case Studies. Performance Measurement and Management Control: Global Issues 2017, 32, 225 -310.

AMA Style

Anna Pistoni, Lucrezia Songini, Paolo Gaiardelli, Sara Pegoraro, Sara Pegorano. Case Studies. Performance Measurement and Management Control: Global Issues. 2017; 32 ():225-310.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anna Pistoni; Lucrezia Songini; Paolo Gaiardelli; Sara Pegoraro; Sara Pegorano. 2017. "Case Studies." Performance Measurement and Management Control: Global Issues 32, no. : 225-310.

Book review
Published: 31 August 2017 in Production Planning & Control
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ACS Style

Paolo Gaiardelli. ‘Faster, better, cheaper’ in the history of manufacturing: from the Stone Age to lean manufacturing and beyond. Production Planning & Control 2017, 29, 184 -184.

AMA Style

Paolo Gaiardelli. ‘Faster, better, cheaper’ in the history of manufacturing: from the Stone Age to lean manufacturing and beyond. Production Planning & Control. 2017; 29 (2):184-184.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolo Gaiardelli. 2017. "‘Faster, better, cheaper’ in the history of manufacturing: from the Stone Age to lean manufacturing and beyond." Production Planning & Control 29, no. 2: 184-184.

Conference paper
Published: 31 August 2017 in Advances in Production Management Systems. The Path to Intelligent, Collaborative and Sustainable Manufacturing
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Lean Production has proven to be a valuable methodology to improve productivity while reducing costs. Notwithstanding the countless successful lean implementations in the extant literature, others highlight its limitations, especially in production environments characterized by demand volatility, high product mix and reduced lot sizes. Technology is seen by many as a potential solution to such limitations, especially in the last years, with Industry 4.0 becoming an emerging frontier for the smart factories of the future. However, studies about the relationship between lean and smart manufacturing are scarce and often anecdotal. Therefore, the proposed work aims to fill this gap by developing a comprehensive model that links these two perspectives and serves practitioners to achieve lean’s core goals in smart factories.

ACS Style

Elisa Mora; Paolo Gaiardelli; Barbara Resta; Daryl Powell. Exploiting Lean Benefits Through Smart Manufacturing: A Comprehensive Perspective. Advances in Production Management Systems. The Path to Intelligent, Collaborative and Sustainable Manufacturing 2017, 127 -134.

AMA Style

Elisa Mora, Paolo Gaiardelli, Barbara Resta, Daryl Powell. Exploiting Lean Benefits Through Smart Manufacturing: A Comprehensive Perspective. Advances in Production Management Systems. The Path to Intelligent, Collaborative and Sustainable Manufacturing. 2017; ():127-134.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisa Mora; Paolo Gaiardelli; Barbara Resta; Daryl Powell. 2017. "Exploiting Lean Benefits Through Smart Manufacturing: A Comprehensive Perspective." Advances in Production Management Systems. The Path to Intelligent, Collaborative and Sustainable Manufacturing , no. : 127-134.

Journal article
Published: 09 May 2017 in International Journal of Production Research
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The role of digital technologies in service business transformation is under-investigated. This paper contributes to filling\ud this gap by addressing how the Internet of things (IoT), cloud computing (CC) and predictive analytics (PA) facilitate\ud service transformation in industrial companies. Through the Data–Information–Knowledge–Wisdom (DIKW) model, we\ud discuss how the abovementioned technologies transform low-level entities such as data into information and knowledge\ud to support the service transformation of manufacturers. We propose a set of digital capabilities, based on the extant\ud literature and the findings from four case studies. Then, we discuss how these capabilities support the service transformation\ud trajectories of manufacturers. We find that IoT is foundational to any service transformation, although it is mostly\ud needed to become an availability provider. PA is essential for moving to the performance provider profile. Besides\ud providing scalability in all profiles, CC is specifically used to implement an industrialiser strategy, therefore leading to\ud standardised, repeatable and productised offering

ACS Style

Marco Ardolino; Mario Rapaccini; Nicola Saccani; Paolo Gaiardelli; Giovanni Crespi; Carlo Ruggeri. The role of digital technologies for the service transformation of industrial companies. International Journal of Production Research 2017, 56, 2116 -2132.

AMA Style

Marco Ardolino, Mario Rapaccini, Nicola Saccani, Paolo Gaiardelli, Giovanni Crespi, Carlo Ruggeri. The role of digital technologies for the service transformation of industrial companies. International Journal of Production Research. 2017; 56 (6):2116-2132.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Ardolino; Mario Rapaccini; Nicola Saccani; Paolo Gaiardelli; Giovanni Crespi; Carlo Ruggeri. 2017. "The role of digital technologies for the service transformation of industrial companies." International Journal of Production Research 56, no. 6: 2116-2132.