Cordia rothii Roem. & Schult. possesses various beneficial effects and is traditionally used in folk medicine against liver diseases but its molecular mechanism remains unclear. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Cordia rothii methanolic fraction (CRMF) were investigated in CCl₄-induced liver injury. Antioxidant effects were evaluated using DPPH assay, ferric thiocyanate (FTC) assay, and HepG2 cells. A qualitative analysis of phytochemicals was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The hepatoprotective effects of CRMF were assessed against CCl₄-induced liver damage in rats. Our results showed that CRMF significantly increased cell viability against CCl₄-induced HepG2 cells. The in vivo results showed that CRMF significantly reduced the level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, hepatic antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and increased glutathione level. Normal hepatocyte integrity and microstructures were observed in histopathological results. Furthermore, the mRNA level of inflammatory mediators including interleukon (IL)-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-_KB), IL-10 and nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (NrF2) were reverted in CRMF pretreatment groups. Thus, CRMF exhibited strong antioxidant, and hepatoprotective activities, which may involve Nrf2-NFκB pathways.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of Indian olive seed extracts. Plant seeds were sequentially extracted with n-hexane, chloroform, methanol, and water. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and alpha-amylase inhibitory activities of extracts were carried out. Olea europaea methanolic extract (MEOE) and aqueous extract (AEOE) were orally administered to normoglycemic and alloxan-treated diabetic rats so as to determine their hypoglycemic effect. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed gallic acid, ferulic acid, quercetin, and vanillic acid in MEOE. It was found that the methanolic and aqueous extracts exhibited the maximum DPPH and alpha-amylase inhibition activities, respectively. MEOE and AEOE exerted a significant decline in the fasting blood sugar in diabetic animals ( ); however, they did not cause hypoglycemia in nondiabetic animals. Treatment with MEOE and AEOE reduced the aggravated liver and kidney function biomarkers. Aggravated levels of oxidative stress biomarkers including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were restored by treatment with MEOE. Moreover, MEOE improved the count of islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, fatty changes, and enlarged sinusoidal spaces in the liver and necrosis of the glomerulus and tubular cells of the kidney in diabetic rats. This study showed that the African olive seed extract effectively managed experimental diabetes and restored the normal functions and histology of the liver and kidney in diabetic rats through the reduction of oxidative stress.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore patients’ experiences of palliative chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), how patients adapt to their new and challenging life after chemotherapy, their beliefs, and their quality of life. Patients and Methods: The study used an exploratory descriptive qualitative approach that was designed to explore the experiences and side effects of NSCLC patients on chemotherapy in Pakistan. The study was designed to obtain a deeper understanding of 22 NSCLC patients’ experiences, using a face-to-face approach and interviews were conducted. Patients who have completed chemotherapy agreed to participate in semi-structured interviews. Results: The data were arranged into five themes: hospital facilities and environment, patient’s beliefs in alternative treatments, presenting a positive/negative face, life is for living, and health insurance coverage. The major complaints related to bad experiences of chemotherapy-induced side effects, but these patients still managed to complete the full course of their respective chemotherapy. Additionally, the current study revealed the real experience of patients with NSCLC which had been less studied. The patient’s experience was summarized into four themes and several subthemes. Conclusion: This study aid healthcare providers when deciding on treatment options that will improve shared decision-making between clinicians and treatment outcomes.

Background: Drug-induced cardiotoxicity is a primary concern in clinical practice, especially in the context of oxidative stress induced by anti-cancer, antiviral, and antidiabetic drugs. Several strategies are devised to limit cardiotoxicity, which are supportive and provide symptomatic relief. This highlights the need to develop cardioprotective agents that circumvent the oxidative stress. Bassia indica is a cardiotonic plant with antioxidant properties traditionally used in Africa, South Asia, and China. We investigated its cardioprotective effects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). Methods: B. indica extract (BiE) was analyzed by GC-MS and HPLC. Several antioxidant assays, including DPPH, FRAP, CUPRAC, NO, and H₂O₂ scavenging, were performed. In vivo attenuation of DIC was assessed in a rat model. Results: BiE contained several bioactive flavonoids, including 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, ferulic acid, gallic acid, kaempferol, and coumaric acid. Antioxidant assays demonstrated potent free-radical scavenging and antioxidant activity of BiE, providing mechanistic evidence for its in vivo amelioration of DIC. BiE treatment reduced myocardial oxidative stress by increasing endogenous antioxidant levels (p < 0.01), including SOD, CAT, and GSH. It upregulated Nrf2 and lowered Keap1 levels. This was also reflected in the restoration of cardiac tissue architecture and modulation of inflammatory markers, including IL-1β and TNF-α (p < 0.01). Cardiac tissue biomarkers were also improved. Conclusions: These findings conclude that BiE exerts cardiac protection by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation through modulation of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway and decreasing the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α.