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The interaction between fluids and tectonic structures such as fault systems is a much-discussed issue. Many scientific works are aimed at understanding what the role of fault systems in the displacement of deep fluids is, by investigating the interaction between the upper mantle, the lower crustal portion and the upraising of gasses carried by liquids. Many other scientific works try to explore the interaction between the recharge processes, i.e., precipitation, and the fault zones, aiming to recognize the function of the abovementioned structures and their capability to direct groundwater flow towards preferential drainage areas. Understanding the role of faults in the recharge processes of punctual and linear springs, meant as gaining streams, is a key point in hydrogeology, as it is known that faults can act either as flow barriers or as preferential flow paths. In this work an investigation of a fault system located in the Nera River catchment (Italy), based on geo-structural investigations, tracer tests, geochemical and isotopic recharge modelling, allows to identify the role of the normal fault system before and after the 2016–2017 central Italy seismic sequence (Mmax = 6.5). The outcome was achieved by an integrated approach consisting of a structural geology field work, combined with GIS-based analysis, and of a hydrogeological investigation based on artificial tracer tests and geochemical and isotopic analyses.
Davide Fronzi; Francesco Mirabella; Carlo Cardellini; Stefano Caliro; Stefano Palpacelli; Costanza Cambi; Daniela Valigi; Alberto Tazioli. The Role of Faults in Groundwater Circulation before and after Seismic Events: Insights from Tracers, Water Isotopes and Geochemistry. Water 2021, 13, 1499 .
AMA StyleDavide Fronzi, Francesco Mirabella, Carlo Cardellini, Stefano Caliro, Stefano Palpacelli, Costanza Cambi, Daniela Valigi, Alberto Tazioli. The Role of Faults in Groundwater Circulation before and after Seismic Events: Insights from Tracers, Water Isotopes and Geochemistry. Water. 2021; 13 (11):1499.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavide Fronzi; Francesco Mirabella; Carlo Cardellini; Stefano Caliro; Stefano Palpacelli; Costanza Cambi; Daniela Valigi; Alberto Tazioli. 2021. "The Role of Faults in Groundwater Circulation before and after Seismic Events: Insights from Tracers, Water Isotopes and Geochemistry." Water 13, no. 11: 1499.
A multi-methodic analysis was performed on five samples of fly ashes coming from different biomasses. The aim of the study was to evaluate their possible re-use and their dangerousness to people and the environment. Optical granulometric analyses indicated that the average diameter of the studied fly ashes was around 20 µm, whereas only ~1 vol% had diameters lower that 2.5 µm. The chemical composition, investigated with electron probe microanalysis, indicated that all the samples had a composition in which Ca was prevalent, followed by Si and Al. Large contents of K and P were observed in some samples, whereas the amount of potentially toxic elements was always below the Italian law thresholds. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were completely absent in all the samples coming from combustion plants, whereas they were present in the fly ashes from the gasification center. Quantitative mineralogical content, determined by Rietveld analysis of X-ray powder diffraction data, indicated that all the samples had high amorphous content, likely enriched in Ca, and several K and P minerals, such as sylvite and apatite. The results obtained from the chemo-mineralogical study performed make it possible to point out that biomass fly ashes could be interesting materials (1) for amendments in clayey soils, as a substitution for lime, to stimulate pozzolanic reactions and improve their geotechnical properties, thus, on the one hand, avoiding the need to mine raw materials and, on the other hand, re-cycling waste; and (2) as agricultural fertilizers made by a new and ecological source of K and P.
Paola Comodi; Azzurra Zucchini; Umberto Susta; Costanza Cambi; Riccardo Vivani; Gianluca Cavalaglio; Franco Cotana. Multi-Scale Minero-Chemical Analysis of Biomass Ashes: A Key to Evaluating Their Dangers vs. Benefits. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6052 .
AMA StylePaola Comodi, Azzurra Zucchini, Umberto Susta, Costanza Cambi, Riccardo Vivani, Gianluca Cavalaglio, Franco Cotana. Multi-Scale Minero-Chemical Analysis of Biomass Ashes: A Key to Evaluating Their Dangers vs. Benefits. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6052.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaola Comodi; Azzurra Zucchini; Umberto Susta; Costanza Cambi; Riccardo Vivani; Gianluca Cavalaglio; Franco Cotana. 2021. "Multi-Scale Minero-Chemical Analysis of Biomass Ashes: A Key to Evaluating Their Dangers vs. Benefits." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6052.
Transmissivity estimates can be obtained by different approaches, mainly analytical and empirical. The application of analytical methods requires checking non-linear well losses due to turbulence and vertical flow related to partial penetration. The empirical approach relates transmissivity values to specific capacity data measured in the same well. The interpretation of available pumping tests highlights porous media solutions’ applicability in most of the step-drawdown curves analyzed. Double or triple porosity approaches are more appropriate only for wells located close to fault systems. In this work, a new relationship to estimate transmissivity by specific capacity data in some Italian carbonate aquifers is proposed. The comparison with other relationships available in the literature for similar aquifers worldwide confirms the validity of a general equation for carbonate aquifers, helping the spatial characterization of aquifer transmissivity in scarce data regions. Nonetheless, the use of equations of the same kind with different coefficients allows good results on our set of data. Results can improve the knowledge of fractured–karst aquifers by also including data from Central Italy.
Daniela Valigi; Costanza Cambi; Roberto Checcucci; Lucio Di Matteo. Transmissivity Estimates by Specific Capacity Data of Some Fractured Italian Carbonate Aquifers. Water 2021, 13, 1374 .
AMA StyleDaniela Valigi, Costanza Cambi, Roberto Checcucci, Lucio Di Matteo. Transmissivity Estimates by Specific Capacity Data of Some Fractured Italian Carbonate Aquifers. Water. 2021; 13 (10):1374.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniela Valigi; Costanza Cambi; Roberto Checcucci; Lucio Di Matteo. 2021. "Transmissivity Estimates by Specific Capacity Data of Some Fractured Italian Carbonate Aquifers." Water 13, no. 10: 1374.
A multi-methodic analysis was performed on 5 samples of fly ashes coming from different biomasses. The aim of the study was to evaluate their possible re-use and their dangerousness for men and environment. Optical granulometric analyses indicate that the average diameter of the studied fly ashes is around 20 µm, whereas only ~1 vol% has diameter lower that 2.5 µm. The chemical composition, investigated with electron probe microanalysis, indicates that all the samples have a prevalent Ca composition, followed by Si and Al. A large content in K and P was observed in some samples, whereas the content in potentially toxic elements is always below the Italian law thresholds. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are completely absent in all the samples coming from combustion plants, whereas they are present in the fly ashes from the gasification center. Quantitative mineralogical content, determined by Rietveld analysis of X-ray powder diffraction data, indicates that all the samples have a large amorphous content, likely enriched in Ca, and several K and P minerals, such as sylvite and apatite. The results obtained from the performed chemo-mineralogical study allowed to point out that the biomass fly ashes could be interesting materials (1) as amending in clayey soils, in substitution to lime, to stimulating pozzolanic reaction and improve their geotechnical properties, on the one hand, avoiding to mine raw materials and, on the other hand, re-cycling wastes; (2) as agricultural fertilizes made by a new and ecological source of K and P.
Paola Comodi; Azzurra Zucchini; Umberto Susta; Costanza Cambi; Riccardo Vivani; Gianluca Cavalaglio; Franco Cotana. A Multi Scale Minero-chemical Analyses of Biomass Ashes: A Key to Evaluate their Danger vs Benefit. 2021, 1 .
AMA StylePaola Comodi, Azzurra Zucchini, Umberto Susta, Costanza Cambi, Riccardo Vivani, Gianluca Cavalaglio, Franco Cotana. A Multi Scale Minero-chemical Analyses of Biomass Ashes: A Key to Evaluate their Danger vs Benefit. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaola Comodi; Azzurra Zucchini; Umberto Susta; Costanza Cambi; Riccardo Vivani; Gianluca Cavalaglio; Franco Cotana. 2021. "A Multi Scale Minero-chemical Analyses of Biomass Ashes: A Key to Evaluate their Danger vs Benefit." , no. : 1.
Co-seismic changes in groundwater regime are often observed after moderate to strong earthquakes. The 24 August 2016 Mw 6.0 extensional Amatrice earthquake, which was the first event of a long-lasting seismic sequence, including the 30 October 2016 Mw 6.5 Norcia event, triggered a significant discharge alteration to the Pescara di Arquata spring, located in the Umbria-Marche Apennines (Northern Apennines, Central Italy) and exploited for drinking purposes. During the first five months after the first mainshock, an extra flow of about 30% was recorded, while both water chemistry and temperature did not show significant changes. Thereafter, the spring discharge decreased significantly, and at the end of 2019 it was still lower than normal. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) indicates that these low mean monthly discharge values are not related to particularly dry conditions. The increase in post-seismic depletion coefficients indicates that the aquifer empties faster than it did during the inter-seismic period. The observed transient increase and subsequent decrease of discharge are consistent with a transient, earthquake-related increase in hydraulic conductivity.
Daniela Valigi; Davide Fronzi; Costanza Cambi; Giulio Beddini; Carlo Cardellini; Roberto Checcucci; Lucia Mastrorillo; Francesco Mirabella; Alberto Tazioli. Earthquake-Induced Spring Discharge Modifications: The Pescara di Arquata Spring Reaction to the August–October 2016 Central Italy Earthquakes. Water 2020, 12, 767 .
AMA StyleDaniela Valigi, Davide Fronzi, Costanza Cambi, Giulio Beddini, Carlo Cardellini, Roberto Checcucci, Lucia Mastrorillo, Francesco Mirabella, Alberto Tazioli. Earthquake-Induced Spring Discharge Modifications: The Pescara di Arquata Spring Reaction to the August–October 2016 Central Italy Earthquakes. Water. 2020; 12 (3):767.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniela Valigi; Davide Fronzi; Costanza Cambi; Giulio Beddini; Carlo Cardellini; Roberto Checcucci; Lucia Mastrorillo; Francesco Mirabella; Alberto Tazioli. 2020. "Earthquake-Induced Spring Discharge Modifications: The Pescara di Arquata Spring Reaction to the August–October 2016 Central Italy Earthquakes." Water 12, no. 3: 767.
Climate changes are inducing a modification of environmental loads on historical sites, requiring new actions towards their conservation. In the paper, the results of an experimental work on sustainable improvement of a pyroclastic soil belonging to the Orvieto cliff (Central Italy) have been investigated in the perspective of its preservation from degradation. The slightly coherent facies of Orvieto Ignimbrite (pozzolana) was treated with hydrated lime and the subsequent chemo-physical evolution was investigated by means of a multi-scale analysis. The beneficial effects obtained from the improvement in terms of mechanical behaviour were interpreted and correlated to the chemo-physical evolution of the system. Microstructural analyses, X-ray diffractometry, thermo-gravimetric analyses (DTG), SEM observations, mercury intrusion porosimetry performed on raw and treated samples, showed that the pozzolanic reactions develop since the very beginning in the system and that the observed mechanical improvement of the treated soil is mainly due to the formation of calcium silicate hydrates (CSH) and calcium aluminate hydrates (CAH). In the paper, the mechanical improvement is put in evidence by comparing the results of oedometer tests performed on both raw and treated samples.
Manuela Cecconi; Costanza Cambi; Stefano Carrisi; Dimitri Deneele; Enza Vitale; Giacomo Russo. Sustainable Improvement of Zeolitic Pyroclastic Soils for the Preservation of Historical Sites. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 899 .
AMA StyleManuela Cecconi, Costanza Cambi, Stefano Carrisi, Dimitri Deneele, Enza Vitale, Giacomo Russo. Sustainable Improvement of Zeolitic Pyroclastic Soils for the Preservation of Historical Sites. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (3):899.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManuela Cecconi; Costanza Cambi; Stefano Carrisi; Dimitri Deneele; Enza Vitale; Giacomo Russo. 2020. "Sustainable Improvement of Zeolitic Pyroclastic Soils for the Preservation of Historical Sites." Applied Sciences 10, no. 3: 899.
An extensive experimental multi-scale analysis was developed on a pyroclastic soil, coming from Central Italy, to investigate the link between the mineralogical and microstructural evolution of the system and the mechanical improvements induced by lime treatment. Chemo-mineralogical and microstructural evolution of the hydrated lime-soil system was monitored by means of Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis, 29Si Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, X-Ray Diffraction, Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Rietvield analysis of X-Ray Diffraction results allowed a quantitative evaluation of amorphous phase and mineralogical components over time. Compressibility properties were measured by means of oedometer tests on raw and treated specimens. Amorphous phase plays a fundamental role in the development of pozzolanic reactions and in the formation of new cementitious compounds, whereas the contribution of zeolites, abundant in the raw soil, and other minerals is negligible. Formation of new phases induces microstructural modifications of the system, mainly detected within 28 days of curing. Chemo-mineralogical evolution of the system and the microstructural modifications affect the macroscopic behaviour of lime treated samples towards a structured behaviour, with a decrease of compressibility and an increase of yield stress.
Giulia Guidobaldi; Costanza Cambi; Manuela Cecconi; Paola Comodi; Dimitri Deneele; Michaël Paris; Giacomo Russo; Enza Vitale; Azzurra Zucchini. Chemo-mineralogical evolution and microstructural modifications of a lime treated pyroclastic soil. Engineering Geology 2018, 245, 333 -343.
AMA StyleGiulia Guidobaldi, Costanza Cambi, Manuela Cecconi, Paola Comodi, Dimitri Deneele, Michaël Paris, Giacomo Russo, Enza Vitale, Azzurra Zucchini. Chemo-mineralogical evolution and microstructural modifications of a lime treated pyroclastic soil. Engineering Geology. 2018; 245 ():333-343.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiulia Guidobaldi; Costanza Cambi; Manuela Cecconi; Paola Comodi; Dimitri Deneele; Michaël Paris; Giacomo Russo; Enza Vitale; Azzurra Zucchini. 2018. "Chemo-mineralogical evolution and microstructural modifications of a lime treated pyroclastic soil." Engineering Geology 245, no. : 333-343.
A seismic sequence in central Italy from August 2016 to January 2017 affected groundwater dynamics in fractured carbonate aquifers. Changes in spring discharge, water-table position, and streamflow were recorded for several months following nine Mw 5.0–6.5 seismic events. Data from 22 measurement sites, located within 100 km of the epicentral zones, were analyzed. The intensity of the induced changes were correlated with seismic magnitude and distance to epicenters. The additional post-seismic discharge from rivers and springs was found to be higher than 9 m3/s, totaling more than 0.1 km3 of groundwater release over 6 months. This huge and unexpected contribution increased streamflow in narrow mountainous valleys to previously unmeasured peak values. Analogously to the L’Aquila 2009 post-earthquake phenomenon, these hydrogeological changes might reflect an increase of bulk hydraulic conductivity at the aquifer scale, which would increase hydraulic heads in the discharge zones and lower them in some recharge areas. The observed changes may also be partly due to other mechanisms, such as shaking and/or squeezing effects related to intense subsidence in the core of the affected area, where effects had maximum extent, or breaching of hydraulic barriers. Une séquence sismique en Italie centrale entre Août 2016 et Janvier 2017 affecte la dynamique des eaux souterraines dans des aquifères carbonatés fracturés. Des changements dans le débit des sources, la position du niveau piézométrique, et l’écoulement ont été enregistrées pour plusieurs mois à la suite des neuf événements sismiques d’intensité 5.0–6.5. Les données de 22 sites de mesures, situés à moins de 100 km des zones des épicentres, ont été analysées. L’intensité des changements induits a été corrélée avec la magnitude sismique et la distance des épicentres. On a constaté que les débits post-sismiques additionnels des rivières et des sources étaient supérieurs à 9 m3/s, totalisant plus de 0.1 km3 de libération d’eaux souterraines sur 6 mois. Cette contribution énorme et inattendue a augmenté les débits des cours d’eau dans les vallées étroites montagneuses jusqu’à des valeurs de pics non mesurées auparavant. De façon analogue au phénomène de l’Aquila 2009 après le séisme, ces changements hydrogéologiques pourraient refléter une augmentation de la conductivité hydraulique apparente à l’échelle de l’aquifère, ce qui augmenterait les charges hydrauliques dans les zones de décharge et les abaisserait dans certaines zones de recharge. Les changements observés peuvent aussi être dues en partie à d’autres mécanismes, tels que les effets de secousse et/ou de compression liés à une subsidence intense dans le noyau de la zone affectée, où les effets ont une portée maximale, ou à la rupture des barrières hydrauliques. Una secuencia sísmica en el centro de Italia desde agosto de 2016 a enero de 2017 afectó la dinámica del agua subterránea en los acuíferos de carbonato fracturados. Los cambios en la descarga de los manantiales, la posición de la capa freática y el caudal se registraron durante varios meses luego de nueve eventos sísmicos de Mw 5.0–6.5. Se analizaron datos de 22 sitios de medición, ubicados dentro de los 100 km de las zonas de los epicentros. La intensidad de los cambios inducidos se correlacionó con la magnitud sísmica y la distancia a los epicentros. Se encontró que la descarga postsísmica adicional de ríos y manantiales era superior a 9 m3/s, totalizando más de 0.1 km3 de descarga de agua subterránea durante 6 meses. Esta enorme e inesperada contribución aumentó el flujo de las corrientes en los estrechos valles montañosos a valores máximos previamente no medidos. Análogamente al fenómeno de L’Aquila 2009 después del terremoto, estos cambios hidrogeológicos podrían reflejar un aumento de la conductividad hidráulica global en la escala del acuífero, lo que aumentaría las cargas hidráulicas en las zonas de descarga y las reduciría en algunas áreas de recarga. Los cambios observados también pueden deberse en parte a otros mecanismos, como temblores y/o efectos de compresión relacionados con un hundimiento intenso en el núcleo del área afectada, donde los efectos tuvieron la máxima extensión, o la ruptura de barreras hidráulicas. 2016年8月至2017年1月意大利中部的地震序列影响了断裂碳酸盐含水层的地下水动态。在9次Mw 5.0–6.5地震事件之后的几个月内记录了春季排水量,地下水位和河流的流量的变化。分析了位于震中区100公里范围内的22个测量点的数据。诱发变化的强度与地震的震级和震中距有关。发现河流和泉水的额外震后排水量高于9立方米/秒,超过6个月的地下水排放总量超过0.1立方公里。这个巨大而意想不到的贡献增加了狭窄山谷中的水流量,达到以前未测量的峰值水平。类似于拉奎拉2009年的地震后现象,这些水文地质的变化可能反映出含水层规模的分散水力传导性的增加,这将增加排放区的水头,并在一些补给区域降低它们。观察到的变化还可能部分归因于其他机制,如受影响地区核心的强烈沉降引起的震动和/或挤压效应,其中影响最大,或者破坏水力屏障。 A sequência sísmica no centro da Itália de agosto de 2016 a janeiro de 2017 afetou a dinâmica das águas subterrâneas em aquíferos carbonáticos fraturados. Mudanças na descarga em nascentes, posição do nível freático e nos fluxos foram registrados por vários meses após nove eventos sísmicos com magnitude de 5.0 a 6.5. Dados de 22 locais de medição, localizados a 100 km das zonas de epicentro, foram analisados. A intensidade das mudanças induzidas foi correlacionada com a magnitude e distância dos epicentros. A descarga adicional pós-sísmica dos rios e nascentes foram encontradas acima de 9...
Marco Petitta; Lucia Mastrorillo; Elisabetta Preziosi; Francesca Banzato; Marino Domenico Barberio; Andrea Billi; Costanza Cambi; Gaetano DE Luca; Giuseppe Di Carlo; Diego Di Curzio; Cristina Di Salvo; Torquato Nanni; Stefano Palpacelli; Sergio Rusi; Michele Saroli; Marco Tallini; Alberto Tazioli; Daniela Valigi; Paola Vivalda; Carlo Doglioni. Water-table and discharge changes associated with the 2016–2017 seismic sequence in central Italy: hydrogeological data and a conceptual model for fractured carbonate aquifers. Hydrogeology Journal 2018, 26, 1009 -1026.
AMA StyleMarco Petitta, Lucia Mastrorillo, Elisabetta Preziosi, Francesca Banzato, Marino Domenico Barberio, Andrea Billi, Costanza Cambi, Gaetano DE Luca, Giuseppe Di Carlo, Diego Di Curzio, Cristina Di Salvo, Torquato Nanni, Stefano Palpacelli, Sergio Rusi, Michele Saroli, Marco Tallini, Alberto Tazioli, Daniela Valigi, Paola Vivalda, Carlo Doglioni. Water-table and discharge changes associated with the 2016–2017 seismic sequence in central Italy: hydrogeological data and a conceptual model for fractured carbonate aquifers. Hydrogeology Journal. 2018; 26 (4):1009-1026.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Petitta; Lucia Mastrorillo; Elisabetta Preziosi; Francesca Banzato; Marino Domenico Barberio; Andrea Billi; Costanza Cambi; Gaetano DE Luca; Giuseppe Di Carlo; Diego Di Curzio; Cristina Di Salvo; Torquato Nanni; Stefano Palpacelli; Sergio Rusi; Michele Saroli; Marco Tallini; Alberto Tazioli; Daniela Valigi; Paola Vivalda; Carlo Doglioni. 2018. "Water-table and discharge changes associated with the 2016–2017 seismic sequence in central Italy: hydrogeological data and a conceptual model for fractured carbonate aquifers." Hydrogeology Journal 26, no. 4: 1009-1026.
Giulia Guidobaldi; Costanza Cambi; Manuela Cecconi; Dimitri Deneele; Michaël Paris; Giacomo Russo; Enza Vitale. Multi-scale analysis of the mechanical improvement induced by lime addition on a pyroclastic soil. Engineering Geology 2017, 221, 193 -201.
AMA StyleGiulia Guidobaldi, Costanza Cambi, Manuela Cecconi, Dimitri Deneele, Michaël Paris, Giacomo Russo, Enza Vitale. Multi-scale analysis of the mechanical improvement induced by lime addition on a pyroclastic soil. Engineering Geology. 2017; 221 ():193-201.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiulia Guidobaldi; Costanza Cambi; Manuela Cecconi; Dimitri Deneele; Michaël Paris; Giacomo Russo; Enza Vitale. 2017. "Multi-scale analysis of the mechanical improvement induced by lime addition on a pyroclastic soil." Engineering Geology 221, no. : 193-201.
An analysis of drought conditions on the Lake Trasimeno area (Umbria, Central Italy) and of their influence on the lake levels is presented. Lake Trasimeno is one of the largest Italian lakes, and its economic and environmental importance is very high. The analysis of temperature data (1963-2014) shows that annual temperature is increasing – in accordance with what is known for Central Italy and the Mediterranean area – with a significant gradient of about 0.023°C/ year. No significant annual and seasonal rainfall trends were observed over the Lake Trasimeno catchment. The power spectrum analysis of rainfall and lake level fluctuations shows that both periodograms have high statistical confidence levels (>99%) for annual and semi-annual cycles. The annual cycles of the periodogram of lake level fluctuations show a higher statistical confidence level than semi-annual cycles. Some other cycles such as the El-Niño Southern oscillation, North Atlantic oscillation, and solar activity are highlighted, with significance levels lower than that of annual and semi-annual cycles. The standardized precipitation (SPI) and standardized reconnaissance drought indices, at different time scales, show that frequency and duration of extreme and severe droughts have increased in the last 25 years. A significant relationship between 12-month SPI and 12-month standardized lake levels fluctuations was obtained for the 1989-2014 period, indicating that SPI12 can be a useful indicator to represent drought severity for systems such as the Lake Trasimeno by considering lake level fluctuations rather than lake levels.
Daniela Valigi; Juan Antonio Luque-Espinar; Lucio Di Matteo; Costanza Cambi; Eulogio Pardo-Igúzquiza; Mauro Rossi. Analysis of drought conditions and their effects on Lake Trasimeno (Central Italy) levels. Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater 2016, 5, 1 .
AMA StyleDaniela Valigi, Juan Antonio Luque-Espinar, Lucio Di Matteo, Costanza Cambi, Eulogio Pardo-Igúzquiza, Mauro Rossi. Analysis of drought conditions and their effects on Lake Trasimeno (Central Italy) levels. Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater. 2016; 5 (2):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniela Valigi; Juan Antonio Luque-Espinar; Lucio Di Matteo; Costanza Cambi; Eulogio Pardo-Igúzquiza; Mauro Rossi. 2016. "Analysis of drought conditions and their effects on Lake Trasimeno (Central Italy) levels." Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater 5, no. 2: 1.
G. Russo; E. Vitale; Manuela Cecconi; V. Pane; D. Deneele; Costanza Cambi; G. Guidobaldi; V Licata; A D'onofrio; L Olivares; V Bandini. Microstructure insights in mechanical improvement of a lime-stabilised pyroclastic soil. Volcanic Rocks and Soils 2015, 153 -154.
AMA StyleG. Russo, E. Vitale, Manuela Cecconi, V. Pane, D. Deneele, Costanza Cambi, G. Guidobaldi, V Licata, A D'onofrio, L Olivares, V Bandini. Microstructure insights in mechanical improvement of a lime-stabilised pyroclastic soil. Volcanic Rocks and Soils. 2015; ():153-154.
Chicago/Turabian StyleG. Russo; E. Vitale; Manuela Cecconi; V. Pane; D. Deneele; Costanza Cambi; G. Guidobaldi; V Licata; A D'onofrio; L Olivares; V Bandini. 2015. "Microstructure insights in mechanical improvement of a lime-stabilised pyroclastic soil." Volcanic Rocks and Soils , no. : 153-154.
This work analyzes the response of springs fed by karst/fractured limestone aquifers, which extensively outcrop in central Italy, to climatic variations. In the central Italy area, climatic variations are represented by a general decrease in annual and winter precipitation. It is shown how groundwater regime, the discharge of springs, and their response to climate change depend to a great extent on the geologic and structural setting of the system. Some mountain springs of central Italy are local systems representing the overflow of a deeper regional flow feeding larger base springs, often of poor quality. A dynamic groundwater divide separates the recharge areas of base springs from those of local springs: if, due to low recharge, the piezometric surface lowers, the watershed moves toward systems located at higher altitudes, reducing their recharge areas. Therefore, local springs connected to a base flow are more vulnerable to climate change than those which are not. The Bagnara and Lupa springs, taken as examples, have similar mean discharges (approximately 120 L/s) and recharge areas with comparable lithological, topographical, and climate characteristics. Nevertheless, only the discharge of Bagnara, which is connected to a regional flow, fell dramatically during recent prolonged drought periods (e.g., 2001–2003 and 2006–2007).
Lucio Di Matteo; Daniela Valigi; Costanza Cambi. Climatic Characterization and Response of Water Resources to Climate Change in Limestone Areas: Considerations on the Importance of Geological Setting. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering 2013, 18, 773 -779.
AMA StyleLucio Di Matteo, Daniela Valigi, Costanza Cambi. Climatic Characterization and Response of Water Resources to Climate Change in Limestone Areas: Considerations on the Importance of Geological Setting. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering. 2013; 18 (7):773-779.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLucio Di Matteo; Daniela Valigi; Costanza Cambi. 2013. "Climatic Characterization and Response of Water Resources to Climate Change in Limestone Areas: Considerations on the Importance of Geological Setting." Journal of Hydrologic Engineering 18, no. 7: 773-779.
W. Dragoni; A. Mottola; Costanza Cambi. Modeling the effects of pumping wells in spring management: The case of Scirca spring (central Apennines, Italy). Journal of Hydrology 2013, 493, 115 -123.
AMA StyleW. Dragoni, A. Mottola, Costanza Cambi. Modeling the effects of pumping wells in spring management: The case of Scirca spring (central Apennines, Italy). Journal of Hydrology. 2013; 493 ():115-123.
Chicago/Turabian StyleW. Dragoni; A. Mottola; Costanza Cambi. 2013. "Modeling the effects of pumping wells in spring management: The case of Scirca spring (central Apennines, Italy)." Journal of Hydrology 493, no. : 115-123.
The methylene blue (MB) stain test was used to determine the efficiency of lime modification of clay soils and to define the percentage of lime required to reach the stabilization field. Montmorillonite and kaolinite, mixed in variable proportions with quartz sand, were treated with differing percentages of lime, and the MB test was performed on both untreated and treated soils. Results show that the test can determine whether a soil is prone to efficient modification, follows the evolution of clay minerals in the lime modification field, and it also determines the quantity of lime necessary to enter the stabilization field. X-ray powder diffraction, thermal analyses, and electron microscopy observations of the montmorillonite-richer sample showed its crystal chemical evolution in the modification field. Mineralogical results match the outcome of the MB test, defining the same lime percentage for best modification (4%) and confirming that the test can be used for preliminary and ongoing analyses of lime treatment.
Costanza Cambi; S. Carrisi; Paola Comodi. Use of the Methylene Blue Stain Test to Evaluate the Efficiency of Lime Treatment on Selected Clayey Soils. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 2012, 138, 1147 -1150.
AMA StyleCostanza Cambi, S. Carrisi, Paola Comodi. Use of the Methylene Blue Stain Test to Evaluate the Efficiency of Lime Treatment on Selected Clayey Soils. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. 2012; 138 (9):1147-1150.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCostanza Cambi; S. Carrisi; Paola Comodi. 2012. "Use of the Methylene Blue Stain Test to Evaluate the Efficiency of Lime Treatment on Selected Clayey Soils." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 138, no. 9: 1147-1150.
Costanza Cambi; W. Dragoni; Daniela Valigi. Water management in low permeability catchments and in times of climatic change: the case of the Nestore River (Western Central Italy). Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 2003, 28, 201 -208.
AMA StyleCostanza Cambi, W. Dragoni, Daniela Valigi. Water management in low permeability catchments and in times of climatic change: the case of the Nestore River (Western Central Italy). Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C. 2003; 28 (4-5):201-208.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCostanza Cambi; W. Dragoni; Daniela Valigi. 2003. "Water management in low permeability catchments and in times of climatic change: the case of the Nestore River (Western Central Italy)." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 28, no. 4-5: 201-208.