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Frank Thonfeld
Department of Remote Sensing, University of Würzburg, Oswald-Külpe-Weg 86, 97074 Würzburg, Germany

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Journal article
Published: 27 April 2021 in Remote Sensing
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By 2050, two-third of the world’s population will live in cities. In this study, we develop a framework for analyzing urban growth-related imperviousness in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) from the 1980s to date using Landsat data. For the baseline 2017-time step, official geodata was extracted to generate labelled data for ten classes, including three classes representing low, middle, and high level of imperviousness. We used the output of the 2017 classification and information based on radiometric bi-temporal change detection for retrospective classification. Besides spectral bands, we calculated several indices and various temporal composites, which were used as an input for Random Forest classification. The results provide information on three imperviousness classes with accuracies exceeding 75%. According to our results, the imperviousness areas grew continuously from 1985 to 2017, with a high imperviousness area growth of more than 167,000 ha, comprising around 30% increase. The information on the expansion of urban areas was integrated with population dynamics data to estimate the progress towards SDG 11. With the intensity analysis and the integration of population data, the spatial heterogeneity of urban expansion and population growth was analysed, showing that the urban expansion rates considerably excelled population growth rates in some regions in NRW. The study highlights the applicability of earth observation data for accurately quantifying spatio-temporal urban dynamics for sustainable urbanization and targeted planning.

ACS Style

Gohar Ghazaryan; Andreas Rienow; Carsten Oldenburg; Frank Thonfeld; Birte Trampnau; Sarah Sticksel; Carsten Jürgens. Monitoring of Urban Sprawl and Densification Processes in Western Germany in the Light of SDG Indicator 11.3.1 Based on an Automated Retrospective Classification Approach. Remote Sensing 2021, 13, 1694 .

AMA Style

Gohar Ghazaryan, Andreas Rienow, Carsten Oldenburg, Frank Thonfeld, Birte Trampnau, Sarah Sticksel, Carsten Jürgens. Monitoring of Urban Sprawl and Densification Processes in Western Germany in the Light of SDG Indicator 11.3.1 Based on an Automated Retrospective Classification Approach. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13 (9):1694.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gohar Ghazaryan; Andreas Rienow; Carsten Oldenburg; Frank Thonfeld; Birte Trampnau; Sarah Sticksel; Carsten Jürgens. 2021. "Monitoring of Urban Sprawl and Densification Processes in Western Germany in the Light of SDG Indicator 11.3.1 Based on an Automated Retrospective Classification Approach." Remote Sensing 13, no. 9: 1694.

Review
Published: 31 October 2020 in Remote Sensing
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Forests in Germany cover around 11.4 million hectares and, thus, a share of 32% of Germany’s surface area. Therefore, forests shape the character of the country’s cultural landscape. Germany’s forests fulfil a variety of functions for nature and society, and also play an important role in the context of climate levelling. Climate change, manifested via rising temperatures and current weather extremes, has a negative impact on the health and development of forests. Within the last five years, severe storms, extreme drought, and heat waves, and the subsequent mass reproduction of bark beetles have all seriously affected Germany’s forests. Facing the current dramatic extent of forest damage and the emerging long-term consequences, the effort to preserve forests in Germany, along with their diversity and productivity, is an indispensable task for the government. Several German ministries have and plan to initiate measures supporting forest health. Quantitative data is one means for sound decision-making to ensure the monitoring of the forest and to improve the monitoring of forest damage. In addition to existing forest monitoring systems, such as the federal forest inventory, the national crown condition survey, and the national forest soil inventory, systematic surveys of forest condition and vulnerability at the national scale can be expanded with the help of a satellite-based earth observation. In this review, we analysed and categorized all research studies published in the last 20 years that focus on the remote sensing of forests in Germany. For this study, 166 citation indexed research publications have been thoroughly analysed with respect to publication frequency, location of studies undertaken, spatial and temporal scale, coverage of the studies, satellite sensors employed, thematic foci of the studies, and overall outcomes, allowing us to identify major research and geoinformation product gaps.

ACS Style

Stefanie Holzwarth; Frank Thonfeld; Sahra Abdullahi; Sarah Asam; Emmanuel Da Ponte Canova; Ursula Gessner; Juliane Huth; Tanja Kraus; Benjamin Leutner; Claudia Kuenzer. Earth Observation Based Monitoring of Forests in Germany: A Review. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 3570 .

AMA Style

Stefanie Holzwarth, Frank Thonfeld, Sahra Abdullahi, Sarah Asam, Emmanuel Da Ponte Canova, Ursula Gessner, Juliane Huth, Tanja Kraus, Benjamin Leutner, Claudia Kuenzer. Earth Observation Based Monitoring of Forests in Germany: A Review. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (21):3570.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefanie Holzwarth; Frank Thonfeld; Sahra Abdullahi; Sarah Asam; Emmanuel Da Ponte Canova; Ursula Gessner; Juliane Huth; Tanja Kraus; Benjamin Leutner; Claudia Kuenzer. 2020. "Earth Observation Based Monitoring of Forests in Germany: A Review." Remote Sensing 12, no. 21: 3570.

Journal article
Published: 10 August 2020 in ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
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The Kilombero floodplain in Tanzania is one of the largest wetlands in Africa and at the same time one of the focus regions for agricultural production of the Tanzanian government. Whereas the floodplain received a lot of attention from the scientific community over the past years, little is known about the state of the entire catchment, in particular of its protected areas. We have evaluated how human impact – expressed here as land with specific anthropogenic land use (e.g. settlements, agricultural areas, teak plantations) – varies across the different protection categories (e.g. national park, game reserve, wildlife management area etc.). For that, first we used long-term land use/land cover (LULC) change maps of the Kilombero catchment to assess the human impact per protected area category. Second, we calculated building density per square kilometer as an indicator of existing human pressure. Third, from the anthropogenic LULC area in 2014 we predicted those areas that show similar morphometric, edaphic and bio-climatic conditions in the study region using the maximum-entropy algorithm (maxEnt). Results of the analysis reveal that in 2014 almost half of the Kilombero Ramsar site was covered by anthropogenic land uses, resulting in a share of 17% for all protected areas. Protected areas with strict use regulations such as national parks and game reserves showed virtually no anthropogenic land use throughout the observation period of 40 years (1974–2014), whereas LULC change was higher in unprotected areas. The increase of agricultural land was mainly at the expense of open woodland, floodplain grassland and savanna grassland. Our results further demonstrate that approx. 670.000 ha of the Kilombero catchment comprise similar conditions as the currently used land within the catchment. However, two thirds of it is located in protected areas, causing challenges for conservation. This is the first study exploring the effect of protected areas of the Kilombero catchment from a LULC and modeling perspective.

ACS Style

Frank Thonfeld; Stefanie Steinbach; Javier Muro; Konrad Hentze; Ian Games; Kristian Näschen; Pellage Francis Kauzeni. The impact of anthropogenic land use change on the protected areas of the Kilombero catchment, Tanzania. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2020, 168, 41 -55.

AMA Style

Frank Thonfeld, Stefanie Steinbach, Javier Muro, Konrad Hentze, Ian Games, Kristian Näschen, Pellage Francis Kauzeni. The impact of anthropogenic land use change on the protected areas of the Kilombero catchment, Tanzania. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 2020; 168 ():41-55.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Frank Thonfeld; Stefanie Steinbach; Javier Muro; Konrad Hentze; Ian Games; Kristian Näschen; Pellage Francis Kauzeni. 2020. "The impact of anthropogenic land use change on the protected areas of the Kilombero catchment, Tanzania." ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 168, no. : 41-55.

Review article
Published: 20 June 2020 in Remote Sensing of Environment
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Wetlands are the most fragile and threatened ecosystems worldwide, and also one of the most rapidly declining. At the same time wetlands are typically biodiversity hotspots and provide a range of valuable ecosystem services, such as water supply and purification, disaster risk reduction, climate change adaptation, and carbon sequestration. Pressures on wetlands are likely to further intensify in the coming decades due to increased global demand for land and water, and due to climate change. Stakeholders at all levels of governance have to be involved to slow, stop and reverse these processes. However, the information they need on wetland extent, their ecological character, and their ecosystem services is often scattered, sparse and difficult to find and access. The freely available Sentinel satellite data of the Copernicus Programme, as well as the Landsat archive, provide a comprehensive basis to map and inventory wetland areas (extent), to derive information on the ecological status, as well as long- and short-term trends in wetland characteristics. However, making use of these Earth Observation (EO) resources for robust and standardized wetland monitoring requires expert knowledge on often complex data processing techniques, which impedes practical implementation. In this respect, the Satellite-based Wetland Observation Service (SWOS), a Horizon 2020 funded project (www.swos-service.eu) has developed and made disseminated monitoring approaches based on EO data, specifically designed for less experienced satellite data users. The SWOS monitoring tools aim at assisting countries in conducting national wetland inventories for their Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) reporting and monitoring obligations, and additionally facilitates other monitoring obligations such as those required by the Ramsar Convention and supports decision-making in local conservation activities. The four main components of the SWOS approach are: map and indicator production; software development; capacity building; and initializing the GEO Wetlands Community Portal. Wetland managers and data analysists from more than fifty wetland sites and river basins across Europe, the Middle East, and Africa investigated the benefits and limitations of this EO-based wetland mapping and monitoring approach. We describe research that applies the SWOS tools to test their potential for the mapping of wetlands in a case study based in Albania, and show its effectiveness to derive metrics relevant to the monitoring of SDG indicator 6.6.1.

ACS Style

Kathrin Weise; Rene Höfer; Jonas Franke; Anis Guelmami; Will Simonson; Javier Muro; Brian O’Connor; Adrian Strauch; Stephan Flink; Jonas Eberle; Eric Mino; Susanne Thulin; Petra Philipson; Eric van Valkengoed; John Truckenbrodt; Franziska Zander; Antonio Sánchez; Christoph Schröder; Frank Thonfeld; Eleni Fitoka; Emma Scott; Matthew Ling; Michael Schwarz; Ina Kunz; Grit Thürmer; Anouska Plasmeijer; Lammert Hilarides. Wetland extent tools for SDG 6.6.1 reporting from the Satellite-based Wetland Observation Service (SWOS). Remote Sensing of Environment 2020, 247, 111892 .

AMA Style

Kathrin Weise, Rene Höfer, Jonas Franke, Anis Guelmami, Will Simonson, Javier Muro, Brian O’Connor, Adrian Strauch, Stephan Flink, Jonas Eberle, Eric Mino, Susanne Thulin, Petra Philipson, Eric van Valkengoed, John Truckenbrodt, Franziska Zander, Antonio Sánchez, Christoph Schröder, Frank Thonfeld, Eleni Fitoka, Emma Scott, Matthew Ling, Michael Schwarz, Ina Kunz, Grit Thürmer, Anouska Plasmeijer, Lammert Hilarides. Wetland extent tools for SDG 6.6.1 reporting from the Satellite-based Wetland Observation Service (SWOS). Remote Sensing of Environment. 2020; 247 ():111892.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kathrin Weise; Rene Höfer; Jonas Franke; Anis Guelmami; Will Simonson; Javier Muro; Brian O’Connor; Adrian Strauch; Stephan Flink; Jonas Eberle; Eric Mino; Susanne Thulin; Petra Philipson; Eric van Valkengoed; John Truckenbrodt; Franziska Zander; Antonio Sánchez; Christoph Schröder; Frank Thonfeld; Eleni Fitoka; Emma Scott; Matthew Ling; Michael Schwarz; Ina Kunz; Grit Thürmer; Anouska Plasmeijer; Lammert Hilarides. 2020. "Wetland extent tools for SDG 6.6.1 reporting from the Satellite-based Wetland Observation Service (SWOS)." Remote Sensing of Environment 247, no. : 111892.

Journal article
Published: 27 March 2020 in Remote Sensing
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Land surface temperature (LST) is a fundamental parameter within the system of the Earth’s surface and atmosphere, which can be used to describe the inherent physical processes of energy and water exchange. The need for LST has been increasingly recognised in agriculture, as it affects the growth phases of crops and crop yields. However, challenges in overcoming the large discrepancies between the retrieved LST and ground truth data still exist. Precise LST measurement depends mainly on accurately deriving the surface emissivity, which is very dynamic due to changing states of land cover and plant development. In this study, we present an LST retrieval algorithm for the combined use of multispectral optical and thermal UAV images, which has been optimised for operational applications in agriculture to map the heterogeneous and diverse agricultural crop systems of a research campus in Germany (April 2018). We constrain the emissivity using certain NDVI thresholds to distinguish different land surface types. The algorithm includes atmospheric corrections and environmental thermal emissions to minimise the uncertainties. In the analysis, we emphasise that the omission of crucial meteorological parameters and inaccurately determined emissivities can lead to a considerably underestimated LST; however, if the emissivity is underestimated, the LST can be overestimated. The retrieved LST is validated by reference temperatures from nearby ponds and weather stations. The validation of the thermal measurements indicates a mean absolute error of about 0.5 K. The novelty of the dual sensor system is that it simultaneously captures highly spatially resolved optical and thermal images, in order to construct the precise LST ortho-mosaics required to monitor plant diseases and drought stress and validate airborne and satellite data.

ACS Style

Sascha Heinemann; Bastian Siegmann; Frank Thonfeld; Javier Muro; Christoph Jedmowski; Andreas Kemna; Thorsten Kraska; Onno Muller; Johannes Schultz; Thomas Udelhoven; Norman Wilke; Uwe Rascher. Land Surface Temperature Retrieval for Agricultural Areas Using a Novel UAV Platform Equipped with a Thermal Infrared and Multispectral Sensor. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 1075 .

AMA Style

Sascha Heinemann, Bastian Siegmann, Frank Thonfeld, Javier Muro, Christoph Jedmowski, Andreas Kemna, Thorsten Kraska, Onno Muller, Johannes Schultz, Thomas Udelhoven, Norman Wilke, Uwe Rascher. Land Surface Temperature Retrieval for Agricultural Areas Using a Novel UAV Platform Equipped with a Thermal Infrared and Multispectral Sensor. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (7):1075.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sascha Heinemann; Bastian Siegmann; Frank Thonfeld; Javier Muro; Christoph Jedmowski; Andreas Kemna; Thorsten Kraska; Onno Muller; Johannes Schultz; Thomas Udelhoven; Norman Wilke; Uwe Rascher. 2020. "Land Surface Temperature Retrieval for Agricultural Areas Using a Novel UAV Platform Equipped with a Thermal Infrared and Multispectral Sensor." Remote Sensing 12, no. 7: 1075.

Journal article
Published: 25 March 2020 in Remote Sensing
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Information about land use/land cover (LULC) and their changes is useful for different stakeholders to assess future pathways of sustainable land use for food production as well as for nature conservation. In this study, we assess LULC changes in the Kilombero catchment in Tanzania, an important area of recent development in East Africa. LULC change is assessed in two ways: first, post-classification comparison (PCC) which allows us to directly assess changes from one LULC class to another, and second, spectral change detection. We perform LULC classification by applying random forests (RF) on sets of multitemporal metrics that account for seasonal within-class dynamics. For the spectral change detection, we make use of the robust change vector analysis (RCVA) and determine those changes that do not necessarily lead to another class. The combination of the two approaches enables us to distinguish areas that show (a) only PCC changes, (b) only spectral changes that do not affect the classification of a pixel, (c) both types of change, or (d) no changes at all. Our results reveal that only one-quarter of the catchment has not experienced any change. One-third shows both, spectral changes and LULC conversion. Changes detected with both methods predominantly occur in two major regions, one in the West of the catchment, one in the Kilombero floodplain. Both regions are important areas of food production and economic development in Tanzania. The Kilombero floodplain is a Ramsar protected area, half of which was converted to agricultural land in the past decades. Therefore, LULC monitoring is required to support sustainable land management. Relatively poor classification performances revealed several challenges during the classification process. The combined approach of PCC and RCVA allows us to detect spatial patterns of LULC change at distinct dimensions and intensities. With the assessment of additional classifier output, namely class-specific per-pixel classification probabilities and derived parameters, we account for classification uncertainty across space. We overlay the LULC change results and the spatial assessment of classification reliability to provide a thorough picture of the LULC changes taking place in the Kilombero catchment.

ACS Style

Frank Thonfeld; Stefanie Steinbach; Javier Muro; Fridah Kirimi. Long-Term Land Use/Land Cover Change Assessment of the Kilombero Catchment in Tanzania Using Random Forest Classification and Robust Change Vector Analysis. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 1057 .

AMA Style

Frank Thonfeld, Stefanie Steinbach, Javier Muro, Fridah Kirimi. Long-Term Land Use/Land Cover Change Assessment of the Kilombero Catchment in Tanzania Using Random Forest Classification and Robust Change Vector Analysis. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (7):1057.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Frank Thonfeld; Stefanie Steinbach; Javier Muro; Fridah Kirimi. 2020. "Long-Term Land Use/Land Cover Change Assessment of the Kilombero Catchment in Tanzania Using Random Forest Classification and Robust Change Vector Analysis." Remote Sensing 12, no. 7: 1057.

Preprint content
Published: 23 March 2020
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The Kilombero catchment is a meso-scale catchment of 40,240 km² in south central Tanzania and is characterized by overall data scarcity like many other African catchments. The catchment consists of a highly dynamic floodplain system at its centre which is sustained by water from the surrounding uplands. It also contains a Ramsar site giving evidence to its valuable ecosystem and importance concerning biodiversity conservation. However, in the last decades land use and land cover changes (LULCC) accelerated drastically towards an agriculturally-shaped landscape, especially at the fringes of the wetland. The wetland system provides fertile soils, water as well as other water-related ecosystem services. Nevertheless, the increasing pressure on natural resources jeopardizes the sustainability of the socio-ecological system, especially in the face of climate change.

 

In this study, methods of hydrology, meteorology and remote sensing were used to overcome data-scarcity and gather a sound representation of natural processes in the catchment. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was applied to represent the hydrological processes in the catchment. We utilized Landsat images from several decades to simulate the impact of LULCC from the 1970s until today. Furthermore, we applied the Land Change Modeller (LCM) to simulate potential LULCC until 2030 and their impact on water resources. To account for climatic changes, a regional climate model ensemble of the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) Africa project was analysed and bias-corrected to investigate changes in climatic patterns until 2060, according to the RCP4.5 (representative concentration pathways) and RCP8.5 scenarios.

 

The climate change signal indicates rising temperatures, especially in the hot dry season, which reinforces the special features of this season. However, the changes in precipitation signals among the analysed RCMs vary between -8.3% and +22.5% of the annual mean values. The results of the hydrological modelling also show heterogeneous spatial patterns within the catchment area. LULCC simulation results show a 6-8% decrease in low flows for the LULCC scenarios, while high flows increase by up to 84% for combined LULCC and climate change scenarios. The effect of climate change is more pronounced compared to the effect of LULCC, but also contains higher uncertainties. This study exemplarily quantifies the impact of LULCC and climate change in a data-scarce catchment and therefore contributes to the sustainable management of the investigated catchment, as it shows the impact of environmental change on hydrological extremes and determines hot spots, which are crucial for more detailed analyses like hydrodynamic modelling. The information from this study are an essential part to assist local stakeholders protecting the wetlands integrity on the one hand and to ensure sustainable agricultural practices in order to guarantee food security on the other hand in a catchment that has already changed tremendously and is still target to manifold future plans.

ACS Style

Kristian Näschen; Bernd Diekkrüger; Mariele Evers; Britta Höllermann; Larisa S. Seregina; Stefanie Steinbach; Frank Thonfeld; Roderick Van Der Linden. The impact of climate change and land use/land cover change on water resources in a data-scarce catchment in Tanzania. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Kristian Näschen, Bernd Diekkrüger, Mariele Evers, Britta Höllermann, Larisa S. Seregina, Stefanie Steinbach, Frank Thonfeld, Roderick Van Der Linden. The impact of climate change and land use/land cover change on water resources in a data-scarce catchment in Tanzania. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kristian Näschen; Bernd Diekkrüger; Mariele Evers; Britta Höllermann; Larisa S. Seregina; Stefanie Steinbach; Frank Thonfeld; Roderick Van Der Linden. 2020. "The impact of climate change and land use/land cover change on water resources in a data-scarce catchment in Tanzania." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 11 December 2019 in Sustainability
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Many parts of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are prone to land use and land cover change (LULCC). In many cases, natural systems are converted into agricultural land to feed the growing population. However, despite climate change being a major focus nowadays, the impacts of these conversions on water resources, which are essential for agricultural production, is still often neglected, jeopardizing the sustainability of the socio-ecological system. This study investigates historic land use/land cover (LULC) patterns as well as potential future LULCC and its effect on water quantities in a complex tropical catchment in Tanzania. It then compares the results using two climate change scenarios. The Land Change Modeler (LCM) is used to analyze and to project LULC patterns until 2030 and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is utilized to simulate the water balance under various LULC conditions. Results show decreasing low flows by 6–8% for the LULC scenarios, whereas high flows increase by up to 84% for the combined LULC and climate change scenarios. The effect of climate change is stronger compared to the effect of LULCC, but also contains higher uncertainties. The effects of LULCC are more distinct, although crop specific effects show diverging effects on water balance components. This study develops a methodology for quantifying the impact of land use and climate change and therefore contributes to the sustainable management of the investigated catchment, as it shows the impact of environmental change on hydrological extremes (low flow and floods) and determines hot spots, which are critical for environmental development.

ACS Style

Kristian Näschen; Bernd Diekkrüger; Mariele Evers; Britta Höllermann; Stefanie Steinbach; Frank Thonfeld. The Impact of Land Use/Land Cover Change (LULCC) on Water Resources in a Tropical Catchment in Tanzania under Different Climate Change Scenarios. Sustainability 2019, 11, 7083 .

AMA Style

Kristian Näschen, Bernd Diekkrüger, Mariele Evers, Britta Höllermann, Stefanie Steinbach, Frank Thonfeld. The Impact of Land Use/Land Cover Change (LULCC) on Water Resources in a Tropical Catchment in Tanzania under Different Climate Change Scenarios. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (24):7083.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kristian Näschen; Bernd Diekkrüger; Mariele Evers; Britta Höllermann; Stefanie Steinbach; Frank Thonfeld. 2019. "The Impact of Land Use/Land Cover Change (LULCC) on Water Resources in a Tropical Catchment in Tanzania under Different Climate Change Scenarios." Sustainability 11, no. 24: 7083.

Earth observation supporting sustainability
Published: 06 December 2019 in European Journal of Remote Sensing
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Observations in thermal infrared (IR) contribute substantially to the understanding of the global fluxes of energy and matter between Earth’s surface, ocean and atmosphere. Key parameters derived from such observations are Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Land Surface Emissivity (LSE). These variables are important for weather forecasting and climate modelling. However, satellite systems currently in orbit provide only a small number of spectral bands in the thermal region, and consequently cannot be used for temperature emissivity separation (TES) to accurately derive LST and LSE. Hence, capacities to investigate processes or phenomena where LST in high temporal and high spatial resolution (<100 m) is required, such as agricultural applications or urban heat island monitoring, are limited. Additionally, the measurement of radiative energy released from active large and small fires, which contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, is still challenging with current IR systems. Here, we introduce the proposed multispectral sensor system DIEGO (Dynamic Infrared Earth Observation on the ISS Orbit) with 11 spectral bands and a ground sampling distance of less than 60 m, which aims to reduce the observation gap in the thermal infrared significantly.

ACS Style

Johannes A. Schultz; Maik Hartmann; Sascha Heinemann; Jens Janke; Carsten Jürgens; Dieter Oertel; Gernot Rücker; Frank Thonfeld; Andreas Rienow. DIEGO: A Multispectral Thermal Mission for Earth Observation on the International Space Station. European Journal of Remote Sensing 2019, 53, 28 -38.

AMA Style

Johannes A. Schultz, Maik Hartmann, Sascha Heinemann, Jens Janke, Carsten Jürgens, Dieter Oertel, Gernot Rücker, Frank Thonfeld, Andreas Rienow. DIEGO: A Multispectral Thermal Mission for Earth Observation on the International Space Station. European Journal of Remote Sensing. 2019; 53 (sup2):28-38.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Johannes A. Schultz; Maik Hartmann; Sascha Heinemann; Jens Janke; Carsten Jürgens; Dieter Oertel; Gernot Rücker; Frank Thonfeld; Andreas Rienow. 2019. "DIEGO: A Multispectral Thermal Mission for Earth Observation on the International Space Station." European Journal of Remote Sensing 53, no. sup2: 28-38.

Journal article
Published: 27 March 2019 in IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters
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The wetlands are often coupled with anthropogenic systems. This makes them highly dynamic, and thus difficult to map and monitor from space. The Sentinel-1 constellation allows monitoring land changes regardless of cloud conditions and with a high frequency of pass. We use a time series of 33 Sentinel-1 dual-polarized images from 2016 to map seasonal changes at the artificial Lake of Kerkini, in Greece. The images are accessed and processed in Google Earth Engine via a Flask web application. Points of change within the time series and frequency of change were determined according to an omnibus-test statistic. The results were compared to an optical-based land cover map and gaging measurements. Frequency of change patterns matched different land cover types, indicating that frequency of change is related to the physical and structural properties of the land cover. This methodology can be used operationally to improve our understanding of ecosystems, enhance land cover maps, and to monitor wetland dynamics as well as cover changes caused by human activities.

ACS Style

Javier Muro; Adrian Strauch; Eleni Fitoka; Maria Tompoulidou; Frank Thonfeld. Mapping Wetland Dynamics With SAR-Based Change Detection in the Cloud. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 2019, 16, 1536 -1539.

AMA Style

Javier Muro, Adrian Strauch, Eleni Fitoka, Maria Tompoulidou, Frank Thonfeld. Mapping Wetland Dynamics With SAR-Based Change Detection in the Cloud. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. 2019; 16 (10):1536-1539.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Javier Muro; Adrian Strauch; Eleni Fitoka; Maria Tompoulidou; Frank Thonfeld. 2019. "Mapping Wetland Dynamics With SAR-Based Change Detection in the Cloud." IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 16, no. 10: 1536-1539.

Book chapter
Published: 28 November 2018 in Spatial Analysis, Modelling and Planning
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Land use and soil sealing are particularly high in metropolitan regions. They bring about conflicts of use: the demand for housing, business and economy is enormous, but at the same time, quality of life depends on a network of green spaces. With the aid of remote sensing, the change of urban areas can be observed and quantified over time. This study investigates the change dynamics of land cover and land use in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) with multispectral satellite data, focussing on imperviousness. Landsat data is used to monitor and analyse half a century of landscape development. In addition, recent trends in land surface temperature (LST) are estimated from MODIS data. Changes to the LST are caused by land cover and land use changes amongst other factors. Accordingly, a link can be shown between the medium-term LST changes and the hotspots of landscape transformation in NRW. Due to global climate change, land consumption is increasingly affecting the densely populated urban areas, which calls for measures to increase their resilience. The results of the study can be used by decision makers to assess the environmental impact of land use, the loss of agricultural land or the resulting effects of climate change.

ACS Style

Andreas Rienow; Nora Jennifer Schneevoigt; Frank Thonfeld. Quantification and Prediction of Land Consumption and Its Climate Effects in the Rhineland Metropolitan Area Based on Multispectral Satellite Data and Land-Use Modelling 1975–2030. Spatial Analysis, Modelling and Planning 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Andreas Rienow, Nora Jennifer Schneevoigt, Frank Thonfeld. Quantification and Prediction of Land Consumption and Its Climate Effects in the Rhineland Metropolitan Area Based on Multispectral Satellite Data and Land-Use Modelling 1975–2030. Spatial Analysis, Modelling and Planning. 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Rienow; Nora Jennifer Schneevoigt; Frank Thonfeld. 2018. "Quantification and Prediction of Land Consumption and Its Climate Effects in the Rhineland Metropolitan Area Based on Multispectral Satellite Data and Land-Use Modelling 1975–2030." Spatial Analysis, Modelling and Planning , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 05 November 2018 in Science of The Total Environment
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A combination of climate change, food demand, population growth, and other driving forces are causing land use and land cover change (LULC) in wetlands of Sub Saharan Africa (SSA). This has a profound effect on water resources, thus it is imperative that such consequences arising from these changes are predicted accurately to support land use management. For that, local scale studies are required to understand the system and to perform scenario analysis. The focus of this study was on small scale inland valleys which are common in SSA. The impact of LULC on the hydrological processes in a tropical inland valley was investigated. A hydrological response unit (HRU)-based (ArcSWAT2012) and a grid-based setup (SWATgrid) of the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model are applied. Good model performance was achieved after calibration and validation with daily discharge (R2 and NSE > 0.7 for both model setups). Annual water balance indicates that 849.5 mm representing 65% of precipitation is lost via evapotranspiration. Surface runoff (77.9 mm) and lateral flow (86.5 mm) are the highest contributors to stream flow in the inland valley. Four land use management options are developed in addition to the current land use system, with different water resources conservation levels (Conservation, Slope conservation, Protection of headwater catchment, and Exploitation). There is a strong relationship between the first three management options with decreasing surface runoff, annual discharge and water yield while the fourth option will increase annual discharge and total water yield. This suggests that if poor management and increasing exploitation of the inland valleys persist, the availability of water resources for human consumption and plant growth will decrease. This study contributes to improving the scientific knowledge on the impact of land use change on hydrological processes in the catchment-wetland nexus to support sustainable water resources management.

ACS Style

Geofrey Gabiri; Constanze Leemhuis; Bernd Diekkrüger; Kristian Näschen; Stefanie Steinbach; Frank Thonfeld. Modelling the impact of land use management on water resources in a tropical inland valley catchment of central Uganda, East Africa. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 653, 1052 -1066.

AMA Style

Geofrey Gabiri, Constanze Leemhuis, Bernd Diekkrüger, Kristian Näschen, Stefanie Steinbach, Frank Thonfeld. Modelling the impact of land use management on water resources in a tropical inland valley catchment of central Uganda, East Africa. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 653 ():1052-1066.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Geofrey Gabiri; Constanze Leemhuis; Bernd Diekkrüger; Kristian Näschen; Stefanie Steinbach; Frank Thonfeld. 2018. "Modelling the impact of land use management on water resources in a tropical inland valley catchment of central Uganda, East Africa." Science of The Total Environment 653, no. : 1052-1066.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2018 in International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
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Javier Muro; Adrian Strauch; Sascha Heinemann; Stefanie Steinbach; Frank Thonfeld; Björn Waske; Bernd Diekkrüger. Land surface temperature trends as indicator of land use changes in wetlands. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 2018, 70, 62 -71.

AMA Style

Javier Muro, Adrian Strauch, Sascha Heinemann, Stefanie Steinbach, Frank Thonfeld, Björn Waske, Bernd Diekkrüger. Land surface temperature trends as indicator of land use changes in wetlands. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. 2018; 70 ():62-71.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Javier Muro; Adrian Strauch; Sascha Heinemann; Stefanie Steinbach; Frank Thonfeld; Björn Waske; Bernd Diekkrüger. 2018. "Land surface temperature trends as indicator of land use changes in wetlands." International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 70, no. : 62-71.

Journal article
Published: 04 May 2018 in Water
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Deterioration of upland soils, demographic growth, and climate change all lead to an increased utilization of wetlands in East Africa. This considerable pressure on wetland resources results in trade-offs between those resources and their related ecosystem services. Furthermore, relationships between catchment attributes and available wetland water resources are one of the key drivers that might lead to wetland degradation. To investigate the impacts of these developments on catchment-wetland water resources, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was applied to the Kilombero Catchment in Tanzania, which is like many other East African catchments, as it is characterized by overall data scarcity. Due to the lack of recent discharge data, the model was calibrated for the period from 1958–1965 (R2 = 0.86, NSE = 0.85, KGE = 0.93) and validated from 1966–1970 (R2 = 0.80, NSE = 0.80, KGE = 0.89) with the sequential uncertainty fitting algorithm (SUFI-2) on a daily resolution. Results show the dependency of the wetland on baseflow contribution from the enclosing catchment, especially in dry season. Main contributions with regard to overall water yield arise from the northern mountains and the southeastern highlands, which are characterized by steep slopes and a high share of forest and savanna vegetation, respectively. Simulations of land use change effects, generated with Landsat images from the 1970s up to 2014, show severe shifts in the water balance components on the subcatchment scale due to anthropogenic activities. Sustainable management of the investigated catchment should therefore account for the catchment–wetland interaction concerning water resources, with a special emphasis on groundwater fluxes to ensure future food production as well as the preservation of the wetland ecosystem.

ACS Style

Kristian Näschen; Bernd Diekkrüger; Constanze Leemhuis; Stefanie Steinbach; Larisa S. Seregina; Frank Thonfeld; Roderick Van Der Linden. Hydrological Modeling in Data-Scarce Catchments: The Kilombero Floodplain in Tanzania. Water 2018, 10, 599 .

AMA Style

Kristian Näschen, Bernd Diekkrüger, Constanze Leemhuis, Stefanie Steinbach, Larisa S. Seregina, Frank Thonfeld, Roderick Van Der Linden. Hydrological Modeling in Data-Scarce Catchments: The Kilombero Floodplain in Tanzania. Water. 2018; 10 (5):599.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kristian Näschen; Bernd Diekkrüger; Constanze Leemhuis; Stefanie Steinbach; Larisa S. Seregina; Frank Thonfeld; Roderick Van Der Linden. 2018. "Hydrological Modeling in Data-Scarce Catchments: The Kilombero Floodplain in Tanzania." Water 10, no. 5: 599.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in Journal of Applied Remote Sensing
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Increasing demand for food in East Africa has created a shift to utilize wetlands for food production. Lack of spatial information hampers sustainable use of the Kilombero Valley floodplain. We take advantage of multispectral data from RapidEye, Landsat-8, and Sentinel-2 to derive high temporal resolution maps along three hydrological zones of the Kilombero Valley, assess seasonal land cover dynamics, and relate these dynamics to groundwater measurements. The depth of groundwater increases from June and declines from December, consistent with the end and the beginning of the rainy season, respectively. Bare land cover over the study area was 45% to 57% and increases to 62% to 69% as the season shifts from rainy to dry seasons while vegetation coverage, which was 34% to 47%, decreased to 25% to 27%. During the dry season, 68% to 81% of the total vegetation is within the riparian zone indicating the hydrological conditions favor plant growth. Vegetation growth in the fringe and middle zones mainly relies on precipitation whereas that in the riparian zone relies on saturation from the river. Our findings exemplify the relationship between seasonal land cover change and hydrological conditions and contribute to improved understanding of the spatial–temporal land cover dynamic in the Kilombero floodplain, required for planning sustained use of the wetland. Kirimi, Thiong’o, Gabiri, Diekkrüger, and Thonfeld: Assessing seasonal land cover dynamics in the tropical Kilombero floodplain of East Africa1.IntroductionSub-Saharan Africa is expected to account for 20% of the world population by 2050.1 Land therefore remains under increasing pressure driven by urbanization and population growth. Subsequently, the need for land to expand agricultural production has led to deforestation and encroachment in protected areas such as wetlands, negatively affecting the regulatory functions of the ecosystem. In addition, agricultural production systems are adversely affected by climate variability and climate change causing extreme weather events (increase of amount and variability of rainfall and increase of temperature) and changing seasons.23.–4 Low crop productivity due to water stress and degradation of soil fertility is among the consequences of the changing climate.Tanzania is an agricultural country with 80% of the population depending on subsistence agriculture.5 Kilombero Valley was identified as a potential agricultural area to enhance food security and meet the SDG 2.67.–8 A large seasonally flooded alluvial floodplain is within the Kilombero Valley. Expansion of agricultural land in the floodplain is restricted due to the existence of protected areas, i.e., the Kilombero Game Controlled Area, the Selous Game Reserve, and the Udzungwa National Park. Furthermore, changing climatic patterns affects agricultural production causing extreme periods of dryness, floods, and changes in seasonality.The increasing demand for food, shortage in arable...

ACS Style

Fridah Kirimi; Kuria Thiong’O; Geofrey Gabiri; Bernd Diekkrüger; Frank Thonfeld. Assessing seasonal land cover dynamics in the tropical Kilombero floodplain of East Africa. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing 2018, 12, 026027 .

AMA Style

Fridah Kirimi, Kuria Thiong’O, Geofrey Gabiri, Bernd Diekkrüger, Frank Thonfeld. Assessing seasonal land cover dynamics in the tropical Kilombero floodplain of East Africa. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing. 2018; 12 (2):026027.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fridah Kirimi; Kuria Thiong’O; Geofrey Gabiri; Bernd Diekkrüger; Frank Thonfeld. 2018. "Assessing seasonal land cover dynamics in the tropical Kilombero floodplain of East Africa." Journal of Applied Remote Sensing 12, no. 2: 026027.

Book
Published: 01 January 2018 in essentials
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Die Autoren schaffen mit der Entwicklung kleinräumiger Lösungen zum Umgang mit dem Landnutzungs- und Klimawandel Verständnis und Bewusstsein beim Leser und bieten auf diese Weise eine gute Basis für politisches Handeln. Sie zeigen, dass zunächst die Bauleitplanung in der Pflicht ist, wie es in vielen lokalen Klimaanpassungskonzepten nachzuvollziehen ist. Aber auch die Zivilbevölkerung kann ihren Beitrag zu einer klimaangepassten Gestaltung unserer Umwelt leisten. Politik und Verwaltung können Vorgaben für neu geplante Gebäude geben, die sich an den Erkenntnissen orientieren, die über Fernerkundungsdaten und Klimamodelle erzielt werden. Gerade die nach außen orientierte Siedlungsentwicklung der letzten Jahrzehnte wird über den Blick auf die klassifizierten Satellitenbilder erschreckend gut sichtbar. Der InhaltDreißig Hektar täglich? Ein Blick in die Vergangenheit und Status quoEine Zukunft, drei Perspektiven – räumlich explizite Prognose des Flächenverbrauchs für die Metropolregion Rheinland 2030Landschaftsverbrauch und Klimaanpassung: lokale Antworten auf globale FragenDie ZielgruppenAkteure der Stadtplanung in Verwaltung, Politik und WohnungsbauForschende und Studierende der Geographie und des VermessungswesensDie AutorenDr. Andreas Rienow lehrt und forscht am Geographischen Institut der Ruhr-Universität Bochum. Dr. Frank Thonfeld lehrt und forscht am Geographischen Institut der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn. Dr. Anke Valentin arbeitet im Wissenschaftsladen Bonn e.V.

ACS Style

Andreas Rienow; Frank Thonfeld; Anke Valentin. Flächenverbrauch in der Metropolregion Rheinland 1975–2030. essentials 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Andreas Rienow, Frank Thonfeld, Anke Valentin. Flächenverbrauch in der Metropolregion Rheinland 1975–2030. essentials. 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Rienow; Frank Thonfeld; Anke Valentin. 2018. "Flächenverbrauch in der Metropolregion Rheinland 1975–2030." essentials , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2017 in International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
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Konrad Hentze; Frank Thonfeld; Gunter Menz. Beyond trend analysis: How a modified breakpoint analysis enhances knowledge of agricultural production after Zimbabwe's fast track land reform. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 2017, 62, 78 -87.

AMA Style

Konrad Hentze, Frank Thonfeld, Gunter Menz. Beyond trend analysis: How a modified breakpoint analysis enhances knowledge of agricultural production after Zimbabwe's fast track land reform. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. 2017; 62 ():78-87.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Konrad Hentze; Frank Thonfeld; Gunter Menz. 2017. "Beyond trend analysis: How a modified breakpoint analysis enhances knowledge of agricultural production after Zimbabwe's fast track land reform." International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 62, no. : 78-87.

Journal article
Published: 24 August 2017 in Sustainability
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Land Use Land Cover Change (LULCC) has a significant impact on water resources and ecosystems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). On the basis of three research projects we aim to describe and discuss the potential, uncertainties, synergies and science-policy interfaces of satellite-based integrated research for the Kilombero catchment, comprising one of the major agricultural utilized floodplains in Tanzania. LULCC was quantified at the floodplain and catchment scale analyzing Landsat 5 and Sentinel 2 satellite imagery applying different adapted classification methodologies. LULC maps at the catchment scale serve as spatial input for the distributed, process-based ecohydrological model SWAT (Soil Water Assessment Tool) simulating the changes in the spatial and temporal water balance in runoff components caused by LULCC. The results reveal that over the past 26 years LULCC has significantly altered the floodplain and already shows an impact on the ecosystem by degrading the existing wildlife corridors. On the catchment scale the anomalies of the water balance are still marginal, but with the expected structural changes of the catchment there is an urgent need to increase the public awareness and knowledge of decision makers regarding the effect of the relationship between LULCC, water resources and environmental degradation.

ACS Style

Constanze Leemhuis; Frank Thonfeld; Kristian Näschen; Stefanie Steinbach; Javier Muro; Adrian Strauch; Ander López; Giuseppe Daconto; Ian Games; Bernd Diekkrüger. Sustainability in the Food-Water-Ecosystem Nexus: The Role of Land Use and Land Cover Change for Water Resources and Ecosystems in the Kilombero Wetland, Tanzania. Sustainability 2017, 9, 1513 .

AMA Style

Constanze Leemhuis, Frank Thonfeld, Kristian Näschen, Stefanie Steinbach, Javier Muro, Adrian Strauch, Ander López, Giuseppe Daconto, Ian Games, Bernd Diekkrüger. Sustainability in the Food-Water-Ecosystem Nexus: The Role of Land Use and Land Cover Change for Water Resources and Ecosystems in the Kilombero Wetland, Tanzania. Sustainability. 2017; 9 (9):1513.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Constanze Leemhuis; Frank Thonfeld; Kristian Näschen; Stefanie Steinbach; Javier Muro; Adrian Strauch; Ander López; Giuseppe Daconto; Ian Games; Bernd Diekkrüger. 2017. "Sustainability in the Food-Water-Ecosystem Nexus: The Role of Land Use and Land Cover Change for Water Resources and Ecosystems in the Kilombero Wetland, Tanzania." Sustainability 9, no. 9: 1513.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2017 in Ecological Indicators
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Karla E. Locher-Krause; Martin Volk; Björn Waske; Frank Thonfeld; Sven Lautenbach. Expanding temporal resolution in landscape transformations: Insights from a landsat-based case study in Southern Chile. Ecological Indicators 2017, 75, 132 -144.

AMA Style

Karla E. Locher-Krause, Martin Volk, Björn Waske, Frank Thonfeld, Sven Lautenbach. Expanding temporal resolution in landscape transformations: Insights from a landsat-based case study in Southern Chile. Ecological Indicators. 2017; 75 ():132-144.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Karla E. Locher-Krause; Martin Volk; Björn Waske; Frank Thonfeld; Sven Lautenbach. 2017. "Expanding temporal resolution in landscape transformations: Insights from a landsat-based case study in Southern Chile." Ecological Indicators 75, no. : 132-144.

Obituary
Published: 16 March 2017 in Remote Sensing
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Note: In lieu of an abstract, this is an excerpt from the first page. Prof. Dr. Gunter Menz passed away on 9 August 2016 following a dramatic accident.

ACS Style

Frank Thonfeld; Andreas Rienow; Olena Dubovyk; Ayman Abdel-Hamid; Agatha Akpeokhai; Esther Amler; Georg Bareth; Amit Kumar Basukala; Morton Canty; Manfred Denich; Tomasz Dobrzeniecki; Jessica Ferner; Hendrik Flügel; Gohar Ghazaryan; Ellen Götz; Valerie Graw; Klaus Greve; Reginald Guuroh; Sascha Heinemann; Tobias Henning; Konrad Hentze; Jens L. Hollberg; Fridah Kirimi; Sophie Kocherscheidt; Bärbel Konermann-Krüger; Di Liu; Javier Muro; Carsten Oldenburg; Annette Ortwein; Ruben Piroska; Fabián Santos; Jürgen Schellberg; Johannes Schultz; Ulrich Schurr; Fabian Selg; Kilian Staar; Stefanie Steinbach; Adrian Strauch; Jörg Szarzynski; Andreas Tewes; Kuria Bartholomew Thiong’O; Anna Vetter; Lars Wirkus; Uwe Rascher. In Memoriam: Gunter Menz. Remote Sensing 2017, 9, 274 .

AMA Style

Frank Thonfeld, Andreas Rienow, Olena Dubovyk, Ayman Abdel-Hamid, Agatha Akpeokhai, Esther Amler, Georg Bareth, Amit Kumar Basukala, Morton Canty, Manfred Denich, Tomasz Dobrzeniecki, Jessica Ferner, Hendrik Flügel, Gohar Ghazaryan, Ellen Götz, Valerie Graw, Klaus Greve, Reginald Guuroh, Sascha Heinemann, Tobias Henning, Konrad Hentze, Jens L. Hollberg, Fridah Kirimi, Sophie Kocherscheidt, Bärbel Konermann-Krüger, Di Liu, Javier Muro, Carsten Oldenburg, Annette Ortwein, Ruben Piroska, Fabián Santos, Jürgen Schellberg, Johannes Schultz, Ulrich Schurr, Fabian Selg, Kilian Staar, Stefanie Steinbach, Adrian Strauch, Jörg Szarzynski, Andreas Tewes, Kuria Bartholomew Thiong’O, Anna Vetter, Lars Wirkus, Uwe Rascher. In Memoriam: Gunter Menz. Remote Sensing. 2017; 9 (3):274.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Frank Thonfeld; Andreas Rienow; Olena Dubovyk; Ayman Abdel-Hamid; Agatha Akpeokhai; Esther Amler; Georg Bareth; Amit Kumar Basukala; Morton Canty; Manfred Denich; Tomasz Dobrzeniecki; Jessica Ferner; Hendrik Flügel; Gohar Ghazaryan; Ellen Götz; Valerie Graw; Klaus Greve; Reginald Guuroh; Sascha Heinemann; Tobias Henning; Konrad Hentze; Jens L. Hollberg; Fridah Kirimi; Sophie Kocherscheidt; Bärbel Konermann-Krüger; Di Liu; Javier Muro; Carsten Oldenburg; Annette Ortwein; Ruben Piroska; Fabián Santos; Jürgen Schellberg; Johannes Schultz; Ulrich Schurr; Fabian Selg; Kilian Staar; Stefanie Steinbach; Adrian Strauch; Jörg Szarzynski; Andreas Tewes; Kuria Bartholomew Thiong’O; Anna Vetter; Lars Wirkus; Uwe Rascher. 2017. "In Memoriam: Gunter Menz." Remote Sensing 9, no. 3: 274.