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Prof. Xiaolin Wang
School of Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS7001, Australia

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Heat Pumps
0 Heat Transfer
0 Thermodynamics
0 Air-conditioning and refrigeration
0 Energy conversion and energy storage

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Review
Published: 31 July 2021 in Energies
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Magnetic refrigeration is a fascinating superior choice technology as compared with traditional refrigeration that relies on a unique property of particular materials, known as the magnetocaloric effect (MCE). This paper provides a thorough understanding of different magnetic refrigeration technologies using a variety of models to evaluate the coefficient of performance (COP) and specific cooling capacity outputs. Accordingly, magnetic refrigeration models are divided into four categories: rotating, reciprocating, C-shaped magnetic refrigeration, and active magnetic regenerator. The working principles of these models were described, and their outputs were extracted and compared. Furthermore, the influence of the magnetocaloric effect, the magnetization area, and the thermodynamic processes and cycles on the efficiency of magnetic refrigeration was investigated and discussed to achieve a maximum cooling capacity. The classes of magnetocaloric magnetic materials were summarized from previous studies and their potential magnetic characteristics are emphasized. The essential characteristics of magnetic refrigeration systems are highlighted to determine the significant advantages, difficulties, drawbacks, and feasibility analyses of these systems. Moreover, a cost analysis was provided in order to judge the feasibility of these systems for commercial use.

ACS Style

Ali Alahmer; Malik Al-Amayreh; Ahmad Mostafa; Mohammad Al-Dabbas; Hegazy Rezk. Magnetic Refrigeration Design Technologies: State of the Art and General Perspectives. Energies 2021, 14, 4662 .

AMA Style

Ali Alahmer, Malik Al-Amayreh, Ahmad Mostafa, Mohammad Al-Dabbas, Hegazy Rezk. Magnetic Refrigeration Design Technologies: State of the Art and General Perspectives. Energies. 2021; 14 (15):4662.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali Alahmer; Malik Al-Amayreh; Ahmad Mostafa; Mohammad Al-Dabbas; Hegazy Rezk. 2021. "Magnetic Refrigeration Design Technologies: State of the Art and General Perspectives." Energies 14, no. 15: 4662.

Journal article
Published: 23 July 2021 in Energies
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Given the large demand nowadays for domestic hot water, and its impact on modern building energy consumption, air source transcritical CO2 heat pumps have been extensively adopted for hot water production. Since their system efficiency is limited by significant irreversibility, a CO2-based mixture could offer a promising drop-in technology to overcome this deficiency without increasing system complexity. Although many CO2 blends have been studied in previously published literature, little has been presented about the CO2/R32 mixture. Therefore, a proposed mixture for use in transcritical CO2 heat pumps was analyzed using energy and exergy analysis. Results showed that the coefficient of performance and exergy efficiency variation displayed an “M” shape trend, and the optimal CO2/R32 mixture concentration was determined as 0.9/0.1 with regard to flammability and efficiency. The irreversibility of the throttling valve was reduced from 0.031 to 0.009 kW⋅kW−1 and the total irreversibility reduction was more notable with ambient temperature variation. A case study was also conducted to examine domestic hot water demand during the year. Pure CO2 and the proposed CO2 blend were compared with regard to annual performance factor and annual exergy efficiency, and the findings could provide guidance for practical applications in the future.

ACS Style

Yikai Wang; Yifan He; Yulong Song; Xiang Yin; Feng Cao; Xiaolin Wang. Energy and Exergy Analysis of the Air Source Transcritical CO2 Heat Pump Water Heater Using CO2-Based Mixture as Working Fluid. Energies 2021, 14, 4470 .

AMA Style

Yikai Wang, Yifan He, Yulong Song, Xiang Yin, Feng Cao, Xiaolin Wang. Energy and Exergy Analysis of the Air Source Transcritical CO2 Heat Pump Water Heater Using CO2-Based Mixture as Working Fluid. Energies. 2021; 14 (15):4470.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yikai Wang; Yifan He; Yulong Song; Xiang Yin; Feng Cao; Xiaolin Wang. 2021. "Energy and Exergy Analysis of the Air Source Transcritical CO2 Heat Pump Water Heater Using CO2-Based Mixture as Working Fluid." Energies 14, no. 15: 4470.

Research article
Published: 05 July 2021 in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering
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Single-screw compressor has attracted attentions from the scientific community due to its excellent performance. However, thermal deformations of the star wheel, screw, and casing substantially affect the clearance between the components, and hence reduce the performance of the single-screw compressor. In this study, the thermal deformation of a meshing pair of the single-screw compressor was investigated using a finite-element-based thermo-mechanical coupled model. This model was developed based on measured thermal boundary conditions during compressor operation. The effect of thermal deformation on the compressor sealing clearance was then studied. The results showed that the thermal deformation of the casing, screw, screw shaft, and star wheel significantly affected the clearance between the tooth tip and the groove bottom as well as the meshing pair clearance distribution. The change of clearance between the casing and screw is up to 0.03 mm while the change of the clearance between the star wheel tooth tip and screw groove is up to 0.05 mm. Furthermore, it was found that the spatial position meshing error caused by the thermal deformation was one of the major reasons for the wear of the meshing pair of the single-screw compressor. The simulated thermal deformation results agreed well with the experimental data. The clearances of the compressor were modified based on the thermal deformation in a single-screw compressor with a capacity of 6 m3/min and the results showed that the modified compressor can operate reliably. This indicated that the developed model could be used in the design of the single-screw compressor. It provides guidance for the design and optimization of large single-screw compressors.

ACS Style

Xin Meng; Zhao Zhang; Xuwang Li; Weifeng Wu; Xiaolin Wang; Gang Wu; Subiao Wang; Zhongqing Zhu. Study of the thermo-mechanical couple deformation of the meshing pairs of a single-screw compressor. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 2021, 235, 1175 -1187.

AMA Style

Xin Meng, Zhao Zhang, Xuwang Li, Weifeng Wu, Xiaolin Wang, Gang Wu, Subiao Wang, Zhongqing Zhu. Study of the thermo-mechanical couple deformation of the meshing pairs of a single-screw compressor. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering. 2021; 235 (4):1175-1187.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xin Meng; Zhao Zhang; Xuwang Li; Weifeng Wu; Xiaolin Wang; Gang Wu; Subiao Wang; Zhongqing Zhu. 2021. "Study of the thermo-mechanical couple deformation of the meshing pairs of a single-screw compressor." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 235, no. 4: 1175-1187.

Journal article
Published: 22 May 2021 in Energy
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The effect of different Ca-based additives in lignite on the sulfur removal during combustion has been examined using two Polish lignites. After demineralization, the lignite was loaded with Ca using different Ca-based compounds namely: calcium carbonate (CaCO3), calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 and calcium acetate Ca(CH3COO)2. Depending on the calcium compound used, the addition of Ca was by mechanical mixing or impregnation. The experiment was carried out in a laboratory scale drop-tube furnace reactor, under different O2 concentration and temperature range of 800–1100 °C. The results showed that Ca added to the lignite strongly suppressed the emission of SO2 under experimental conditions studied. The sulfur capture efficiency appeared to be independent of the calcium compound used and it increased along with the temperature rising up to 1100 °C. This may indicate that poorly dispersed Ca, prepared by mechanical mixing, offers as high efficiency in sulfur removal as Ca in ion-exchangeable form inserted by impregnation. The influence of mineral matter on the retention of SO2 during combustion was also investigated. It was found that some inorganic species inherently present in lignite, particularly calcium in natural form, reduce SO2 pollution.

ACS Style

Wojciech Zacharczuk; Artur Andruszkiewicz; Andrzej Tatarek; Ali Alahmer; Sameh Alsaqoor. Effect of Ca-based additives on the capture of SO2 during combustion of pulverized lignite. Energy 2021, 231, 120988 .

AMA Style

Wojciech Zacharczuk, Artur Andruszkiewicz, Andrzej Tatarek, Ali Alahmer, Sameh Alsaqoor. Effect of Ca-based additives on the capture of SO2 during combustion of pulverized lignite. Energy. 2021; 231 ():120988.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wojciech Zacharczuk; Artur Andruszkiewicz; Andrzej Tatarek; Ali Alahmer; Sameh Alsaqoor. 2021. "Effect of Ca-based additives on the capture of SO2 during combustion of pulverized lignite." Energy 231, no. : 120988.

Review
Published: 21 May 2021 in Processes
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Operating condition detection and fault diagnosis are very important for reliable operation of reciprocating compressors. Machine learning is one of the most powerful tools in this field. However, there are very few comprehensive reviews which summarize the current research of machine learning in monitoring reciprocating compressor operating condition and fault diagnosis. In this paper, the recent application of machine learning techniques in reciprocating compressor fault diagnosis is reviewed. The advantages and challenges in the detection process, based on three main monitoring parameters in practical applications, are discussed. Future research direction and development are proposed.

ACS Style

Qian Lv; Xiaoling Yu; Haihui Ma; Junchao Ye; Weifeng Wu; Xiaolin Wang. Applications of Machine Learning to Reciprocating Compressor Fault Diagnosis: A Review. Processes 2021, 9, 909 .

AMA Style

Qian Lv, Xiaoling Yu, Haihui Ma, Junchao Ye, Weifeng Wu, Xiaolin Wang. Applications of Machine Learning to Reciprocating Compressor Fault Diagnosis: A Review. Processes. 2021; 9 (6):909.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qian Lv; Xiaoling Yu; Haihui Ma; Junchao Ye; Weifeng Wu; Xiaolin Wang. 2021. "Applications of Machine Learning to Reciprocating Compressor Fault Diagnosis: A Review." Processes 9, no. 6: 909.

Review
Published: 12 May 2021 in Journal of Power Sources
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Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS) is critical to the battery performance, which is important to the overall performance of the powertrain system of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Hybrid Electric vehicles (HEVs). Due to its compact structure, high reliability, and safety characteristics, the air-cooling BTMS has been widely used in EVs and HEVs industry with cost-reduction demand or under severe and unpredictable working environments. This paper first reviews battery heat generation mechanisms and their impact (e.g. thermal aging, thermal runaway and fire accident) on the powertrain system in EVs and HEVs. Then the basic air-cooling BTMS design is reviewed, and a variety of novel design improvements is evaluated to explore the benefits and challenges of the use of the air-cooling BTMS. It is found that with the help of advanced computational numerical simulations and sophisticated experiments, the air-cooling efficiency is greatly improved by introducing new concepts of battery packs, innovative designs of the cooling channel, and novel thermally conductive materials. Based on the review, this paper suggests future research directions and potential solutions in a discussion for further development of the air-cooling BTMS in the EV and HEV industry.

ACS Style

Gang Zhao; Xiaolin Wang; Michael Negnevitsky; Hengyun Zhang. A review of air-cooling battery thermal management systems for electric and hybrid electric vehicles. Journal of Power Sources 2021, 501, 230001 .

AMA Style

Gang Zhao, Xiaolin Wang, Michael Negnevitsky, Hengyun Zhang. A review of air-cooling battery thermal management systems for electric and hybrid electric vehicles. Journal of Power Sources. 2021; 501 ():230001.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gang Zhao; Xiaolin Wang; Michael Negnevitsky; Hengyun Zhang. 2021. "A review of air-cooling battery thermal management systems for electric and hybrid electric vehicles." Journal of Power Sources 501, no. : 230001.

Journal article
Published: 02 May 2021 in Applied Thermal Engineering
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The integrated adsorption-absorption system is a novel technology to convert low-temperature waste thermal energy into useful cooling, which substantially improves energy utilization efficiency and lowers environmental pollution. This novel system incorporates the adsorption cycle into the absorption cycle so that the generation/adsorption pressure can be adjusted to enhance the system performance at low-temperature heat sources. In this paper, the thermal characteristics of the integrated system are theoretically evaluated. The optimization of the key parameters (e.g. cycle time, switching time, intermediate pressure and solution concentration) are conducted to achieve the best system performance. Furthermore, different configurations of the integrated system and the effect of the heating and cooling flow arrangements on the system performance are also investigated. The results showed that the coefficient of performance of the proposed system was as high as 0.4 at a heat source temperature of 50 °C. As the heat source temperature increased from 50 to 85 °C, an optimal intermediate (generation/adsorption) pressure varied gently from 2.36 to 2.16 kPa while the optimal solution concentration increased from 52.4 to 65% to achieve the best system coefficient of performance. The results also showed that the maximum specific cooling power is 193.7 W/kg when the heating and cooling water flow arrangement are both in parallel. In contrast, the lowest specific cooling power is 157.9 W/kg for both heating and cooling water flow arrangements in series. When compared the two different configurations, the cooling capacity and coefficient of performance of the configuration with absorption-cycle as the bottom cycle and adsorption-cycle as the top cycle were about 5 and 15% higher, respectively than those of the configuration with adsorption-cycle as the bottom cycle and absorption-cycle as the top cycle.

ACS Style

Rasoul Nikbakhti; Xiaolin Wang; Andrew Chan. Performance optimization of an integrated adsorption-absorption cooling system driven by low-grade thermal energy. Applied Thermal Engineering 2021, 193, 117035 .

AMA Style

Rasoul Nikbakhti, Xiaolin Wang, Andrew Chan. Performance optimization of an integrated adsorption-absorption cooling system driven by low-grade thermal energy. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2021; 193 ():117035.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rasoul Nikbakhti; Xiaolin Wang; Andrew Chan. 2021. "Performance optimization of an integrated adsorption-absorption cooling system driven by low-grade thermal energy." Applied Thermal Engineering 193, no. : 117035.

Short communication
Published: 22 December 2020 in Energy Reports
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A concentrating solar power (CSP) unit was designed to work as a hybrid system to supply the required energy for heat water and high intensity light. The system consists of a parabolic solar dish that reflected light in a set of optical fiber light inside a receiver. In turn, this light was transmitted to an indoor photovoltaic (PV) panels to produce electrical energy or used directly as a source of light during the day. This study revealed the following points: (i) the increased number of fiber optics, the improved efficiency of solar panel and power generated; (ii) the efficiency of the hybrid solar system was 23.62%. (iii) when the separation distance between the fiber optics and the PV module was closed, the level of the power generated becomes higher; and finally; (v) this application is more suitable for a limited area in the roof of the building.

ACS Style

Malik I. Al-Amayreh; Ali Alahmer; Ahmad Manasrah. A novel parabolic solar dish design for a hybrid solar lighting-thermal applications. Energy Reports 2020, 6, 1136 -1143.

AMA Style

Malik I. Al-Amayreh, Ali Alahmer, Ahmad Manasrah. A novel parabolic solar dish design for a hybrid solar lighting-thermal applications. Energy Reports. 2020; 6 ():1136-1143.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Malik I. Al-Amayreh; Ali Alahmer; Ahmad Manasrah. 2020. "A novel parabolic solar dish design for a hybrid solar lighting-thermal applications." Energy Reports 6, no. : 1136-1143.

Journal article
Published: 14 October 2020 in Solar Energy
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This study aims to investigate the optimal shell-to-tube radius ratio in a vertical shell-and-tube latent heat thermal energy storage system with phase change material packed in the annulus and heat transfer fluid circulating in the central tube. A conjugate thermodynamic model is developed and validated, and then applied to investigate two series of system configurations: varying the phase change material shell radius at a fixed heat transfer fluid tube radius and varying the heat transfer fluid tube radius at a fixed shell radius. The numerical investigation compares and evaluates energy storage/retrieval density, energy storage/retrieval rate, and total stored/retrieved energy capacity under different shell-to-tube radius ratios. The results show that the thermal behaviour in both series of units is very similar. The optimal radius ratio slightly increases as the total charging/discharging time increases. The unit height has a gentle effect on the optimal radius ratio in the charging process and a negligible influence in the discharging process. By balancing the energy storage/retrieval density, energy storage/retrieval rate, and storage/retrieval capacity in both charging and discharging processes, the optimal shell-to-tube radius ratio is found to be around 5 for both series of configurations at the studied total charging/discharging times.

ACS Style

Gang Shen; Xiaolin Wang; Andrew Chan; Feng Cao; Xiang Yin. Investigation on optimal shell-to-tube radius ratio of a vertical shell-and-tube latent heat energy storage system. Solar Energy 2020, 211, 732 -743.

AMA Style

Gang Shen, Xiaolin Wang, Andrew Chan, Feng Cao, Xiang Yin. Investigation on optimal shell-to-tube radius ratio of a vertical shell-and-tube latent heat energy storage system. Solar Energy. 2020; 211 ():732-743.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gang Shen; Xiaolin Wang; Andrew Chan; Feng Cao; Xiang Yin. 2020. "Investigation on optimal shell-to-tube radius ratio of a vertical shell-and-tube latent heat energy storage system." Solar Energy 211, no. : 732-743.

Journal article
Published: 23 September 2020 in Applied Sciences
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The refrigerant mass flow rate of a refrigerator compressor can only be measured by a mass flow meter and heat balance method. This paper focuses on the expansion and compression phase in which the compressor cylinder is closed, and proposes a measurement method of instantaneous mass flow of the refrigerator compressor. The comparison of the experimental pressure variation in the p–V diagram and the theoretical adiabatic process implied that the expansion and compression process of the refrigerator compressor approximated the adiabatic process. Based on the approximations and the experimental p–V diagram, a calculation method for refrigerant mass in the cylinder during the expansion and compression phase is proposed. Subsequently, the mass flow of the refrigerator compressor can be obtained. Furthermore, compared with experimental data and based on the method proposed in this paper, the error of the mass flow rate obtained is less than 3.13%. Based on this calculation method and the experimental p–V diagram, the influence of suction pressure on compressor performance is investigated.

ACS Style

Zhilong He; Dantong Li; Lantian Ji; Xiaolin Wang; Tao Wang. Investigation on the Mass Flow Rate of a Refrigerator Compressor Based on the p–V Diagram. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 6650 .

AMA Style

Zhilong He, Dantong Li, Lantian Ji, Xiaolin Wang, Tao Wang. Investigation on the Mass Flow Rate of a Refrigerator Compressor Based on the p–V Diagram. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (19):6650.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhilong He; Dantong Li; Lantian Ji; Xiaolin Wang; Tao Wang. 2020. "Investigation on the Mass Flow Rate of a Refrigerator Compressor Based on the p–V Diagram." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19: 6650.

Journal article
Published: 21 September 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage (A-CAES) systems have received wide attention in the last decade. The variations of the air pressure and temperature in the storage cavern substantially affect the expander power output and overall system efficiency. In this paper, the dynamic performance of a low-temperature A-CAES system is studied under real-time operation. A comprehensive dynamic model is developed and validated using experimental data. The dynamic analysis shows that the predicted system efficiency agrees well with the experimental data and is about 10% lower than that obtained from the steady-state analysis. The effect of operating parameters (e.g. compression/expansion flow rate, cavern initial and storage pressure, and number of compression/expansion stages) on the A-CAES system performance is further investigated. High compressor flow rate leads to a cavern air temperature above 521 K and reduces the system efficiency relatively by 9.1%. This indicates that the compressor flow rate must be carefully selected to ensure the cavern safety and reliability and overall system performance. It is also found that increasing the expander flow rate reduces the system and heat recovery efficiencies by up to 8.8% and 40.3%, respectively under the studied flow rates. The results also show that the cavern storage and initial pressure have a large effect on the overall system efficiency. The practical cavern storage and initial pressure were around 66 and 25 bars, respectively, to achieve a good system performance.

ACS Style

Hamidreza Mozayeni; Xiaolin Wang; Michael Negnevitsky. Dynamic analysis of a low-temperature Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage system. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 276, 124323 .

AMA Style

Hamidreza Mozayeni, Xiaolin Wang, Michael Negnevitsky. Dynamic analysis of a low-temperature Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage system. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 276 ():124323.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hamidreza Mozayeni; Xiaolin Wang; Michael Negnevitsky. 2020. "Dynamic analysis of a low-temperature Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage system." Journal of Cleaner Production 276, no. : 124323.

Research article
Published: 08 September 2020 in Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering
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The main purpose of any vehicular climatic control in terms of heating and air conditioning (AC) systems is to achieve maximum thermal human comfort with energy efficient. Therefore, it is important to analyse the temperature distribution and air-flow field in the cabin compartment to achieve the highest and rapid human comfort. This paper adopted a Berkeley human comfort model to show the behaviour of a vehicular human sensation and comfort at different airflow velocity levels. A temporal history, local sensation (LS), and comfort (LC) were analysed for different body segments with the addition of the overall sensation (OS) and the overall comfort (OC) inside the passenger compartment under summer period weather conditions. This study revealed that: because of the air velocity plays crucial impacts on both convection and evaporation mechanisms which directly effects on the heat losses from the body and thermal human comfort, the controlling of air movement with the temperature helps the environmental cabin to achieve the comfort zone faster than the sole control of the temperature only. When activated the air conditioning systems, the vehicular environmental parameters will change dramatically and a rapid transient occurred especially in the first few minutes.

ACS Style

Ali Alahmer. Assessment of local and overall vehicular thermal human comfort and sensation states for transient, non- uniform conditions under variant air velocity levels. Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2020, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Ali Alahmer. Assessment of local and overall vehicular thermal human comfort and sensation states for transient, non- uniform conditions under variant air velocity levels. Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 2020; ():1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali Alahmer. 2020. "Assessment of local and overall vehicular thermal human comfort and sensation states for transient, non- uniform conditions under variant air velocity levels." Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering , no. : 1-9.

Journal article
Published: 15 August 2020 in Applied Sciences
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Frosting and fogging of automobile windshields is a common problem that emerges in daily driving. It is important and essential to quickly and completely defrost the windshield for safety purposes. In this study, a three-dimensional mathematical model was applied to investigate the flow distribution and flow characteristics on the windshield of a medium-size Model N800 truck. The simulation results were first compared with experimental data. The results showed that the simulation model could reliably predict the defrosting performance on the windshield. This model was then used to optimize the design of the defrosting duct that comprised the main part of the defroster. It was found that the guide plate and outlet position of the defrosting duct were the two major factors affecting the defrosting performance. Therefore, the guide plate was first optimized and the defrosting performance was analyzed. The results showed that the average pressure loss dropped by 21.56%, while the defrosting efficiency at the front white zone was improved to 89%. The position of the outlet of the airflow was further studied. The results showed that the defrosting efficiency at the front zone could be further improved to 99%.

ACS Style

Zhilong He; Xide Qu; Lantian Ji; Weifeng Wu; Xiaolin Wang. Analysis and Optimization of Truck Windshield Defroster. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 5671 .

AMA Style

Zhilong He, Xide Qu, Lantian Ji, Weifeng Wu, Xiaolin Wang. Analysis and Optimization of Truck Windshield Defroster. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (16):5671.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhilong He; Xide Qu; Lantian Ji; Weifeng Wu; Xiaolin Wang. 2020. "Analysis and Optimization of Truck Windshield Defroster." Applied Sciences 10, no. 16: 5671.

Journal article
Published: 05 August 2020 in Energies
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Isolated communities are progressively integrating renewable generation to reduce the societal, economic and ecological cost of diesel generation. Unfortunately, as renewable penetration and load variability increase, systems require greater diesel generation reserves, constraining renewable utilisation. Improved diesel generator flexibility can reduce the requirement for diesel reserves, allowing increased renewable hosting. Regrettably, it is uncommon for utilities to modify diesel generator control during the integration of renewable source generation. Identifying diesel generator flexibility and co-ordination as an essential component to optimising system hosting capacity, this paper investigates improved diesel generator flexibility and coordination via low-load diesel application. Case study comparisons for both high- and low-penetration hybrid diesel power systems are presented in King Island, Australia, and Moloka`i, Hawai`i, respectively. For King Island, the approach details a 50% reduction in storage requirement, while for Moloka`i the application supports a 27% increase in renewable hosting capacity.

ACS Style

James Hamilton; Michael Negnevitsky; Xiaolin Wang; Evgenii Semshchikov. The Role of Low-Load Diesel in Improved Renewable Hosting Capacity within Isolated Power Systems. Energies 2020, 13, 4053 .

AMA Style

James Hamilton, Michael Negnevitsky, Xiaolin Wang, Evgenii Semshchikov. The Role of Low-Load Diesel in Improved Renewable Hosting Capacity within Isolated Power Systems. Energies. 2020; 13 (16):4053.

Chicago/Turabian Style

James Hamilton; Michael Negnevitsky; Xiaolin Wang; Evgenii Semshchikov. 2020. "The Role of Low-Load Diesel in Improved Renewable Hosting Capacity within Isolated Power Systems." Energies 13, no. 16: 4053.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2020 in Sustainability
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This work presents performance study of a concentrating photovoltaic/thermal (CPV/T) collector and its efficiency to produce electric and thermal power under different operating conditions. The study covers a detailed description of flat photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) and CPV/T systems using water as a cooling working fluid, numerical model analysis, and qualitative evaluation of thermal and electrical output. The aim of this study was to achieve higher efficiency of the photovoltaic (PV) system while reducing the cost of generating power. Concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) cells with low-cost reflectors were used to enhance the efficiency of the PV system and simultaneously reduce the cost of electricity generation. For this purpose, a linear Fresnel flat mirror (LFFM) integrated with a PV system was used for low-concentration PV cells (LCPV). To achieve the maximum benefit, water as a coolant fluid was used to study the ability of actively cooling PV cells, since the electrical power of the CPV system is significantly affected by the temperature of the PV cells. This system was characterized over the traditional PV systems via producing more electrical energy due to concentrating the solar radiation as well as cooling the PV modules and at the same time producing thermal energy that can be used in domestic applications. During the analysis of the results of the proposed system, it was found that the maximum electrical and thermal energy obtained were 170 W and 580 W, respectively, under solar concentration ratio 3 and the flow rate of the cooling water 1 kg/min. A good agreement between the theoretical and experimental results was confirmed.

ACS Style

Mohamed R. Gomaa; Mujahed Al-Dhaifallah; Ali Alahmer; Hegazy Rezk. Design, Modeling, and Experimental Investigation of Active Water Cooling Concentrating Photovoltaic System. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5392 .

AMA Style

Mohamed R. Gomaa, Mujahed Al-Dhaifallah, Ali Alahmer, Hegazy Rezk. Design, Modeling, and Experimental Investigation of Active Water Cooling Concentrating Photovoltaic System. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (13):5392.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed R. Gomaa; Mujahed Al-Dhaifallah; Ali Alahmer; Hegazy Rezk. 2020. "Design, Modeling, and Experimental Investigation of Active Water Cooling Concentrating Photovoltaic System." Sustainability 12, no. 13: 5392.

Journal article
Published: 30 June 2020 in Transport Policy
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China has been at the global forefront of alternative fuel vehicle development, including methanol vehicles, in a bid to achieve economic benefits and improve environmental outcomes for the nation. Methanol vehicle pilot projects completed in ten Chinese cities have demonstrated that methanol vehicles can reduce costs and emissions. In considering whether methanol vehicles should be deployed more widely in China, there is a role for bespoke decision-making methods as an aid for assessing the prospects for such an expansion and developing the strategies needed for implementation. In this paper, a FANP (fuzzy analytic network process) - SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) method was proposed and applied to assess the prospects for methanol vehicles in China. Based on the proposed method, an evaluation criteria system that includes 12 criteria from social, technological, economic, environmental, and political fields was established. Each criterion was weighted based on interviews with 16 experts who have extensive experience and expertise related to policy development for methanol vehicles in China. As a result, 10 strategies for the further implementation of methanol vehicles in China were proposed and prioritized. The results form the basis for six proposed policy implications for the further deployment of methanol vehicles. Policies for developing core technologies for methanol vehicles to achieve socioeconomical and environmental benefits are given the highest priority.

ACS Style

Chengjiang Li; Michael Negnevitsky; Xiaolin Wang. Prospective assessment of methanol vehicles in China using FANP-SWOT analysis. Transport Policy 2020, 96, 60 -75.

AMA Style

Chengjiang Li, Michael Negnevitsky, Xiaolin Wang. Prospective assessment of methanol vehicles in China using FANP-SWOT analysis. Transport Policy. 2020; 96 ():60-75.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chengjiang Li; Michael Negnevitsky; Xiaolin Wang. 2020. "Prospective assessment of methanol vehicles in China using FANP-SWOT analysis." Transport Policy 96, no. : 60-75.

Journal article
Published: 11 May 2020 in International Journal of Refrigeration
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In this study, a completely new integrated adsorption-absorption (AD-AB) refrigeration system driven by low-grade heat sources was proposed. A lumped-parameter thermodynamic model was developed to evaluate the performance of this novel system. This model was first validated with data available in the literature and then used to compare the performance between the proposed system and a conventional adsorption refrigeration system. The effect of operating conditions (e.g. heat source and cooling source temperatures) on the Coefficient of Performance (COP) and cooling capacity (CC) was evaluated. The results showed that the CC and COP of the proposed system were as high as 13.7 kW and 0.4, respectively at a thermal source temperature of 60°C. The COP of the integrated system was significantly higher compared to the conventional adsorption system at heat source temperatures below 65°C. The cooling capacity of the integrated system was increased by up to 100% as compared with a conventional adsorption system under the same operating conditions. It was also found that the COP of the proposed system did not change significantly at heat source temperatures between 50 and 85°C. This indicated the integrated AD-AB system could work efficiently across a wide range of low-temperature heat sources. Furthermore, the results also indicated that the COP of the integrated system was largely affected by the cooling water inlet temperature if the heat source temperature was lower than 55°C.

ACS Style

Rasoul Nikbakhti; Xiaolin Wang; Andrew Chan. Performance analysis of an integrated adsorption and absorption refrigeration system. International Journal of Refrigeration 2020, 117, 269 -283.

AMA Style

Rasoul Nikbakhti, Xiaolin Wang, Andrew Chan. Performance analysis of an integrated adsorption and absorption refrigeration system. International Journal of Refrigeration. 2020; 117 ():269-283.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rasoul Nikbakhti; Xiaolin Wang; Andrew Chan. 2020. "Performance analysis of an integrated adsorption and absorption refrigeration system." International Journal of Refrigeration 117, no. : 269-283.

Journal article
Published: 04 May 2020 in Energy Conversion and Management
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The energy demand for cooling and air conditioning systems is increasing worldwide, especially in regions with high solar radiation intensity. One of the reasons for this is the increase of comfort demands worldwide. The most cooling and air conditioning systems are the conventional electrically driven one type such as compression refrigeration machines and air conditioning systems. Through the huge electricity consumption for cooling and air conditioning, the environmental problems get bigger and bigger, because of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other pollutant emissions. One of the possibilities to reduce the primary energy consumption is through the use of solar energy for driving the thermal driven absorption or adsorption refrigeration systems, or desiccant cooling. Another possibility is using solar energy to produce electrical energy and this can be used to drive the conventional refrigeration systems. Many research and developmental efforts in the last years have been done to enforce the spreading of solar-driven cooling systems. This paper will illustrate the state of the art about the energy consumption for cooling and air conditioning systems, available solar-driven cooling systems and the potential of the utilization of such systems in comparison to the conventional ones. Moreover, this paper highlights some different methods of optimization, which used to maximize the performance and minimize the cost.

ACS Style

Ali Alahmer; Salman Ajib. Solar cooling technologies: State of art and perspectives. Energy Conversion and Management 2020, 214, 112896 .

AMA Style

Ali Alahmer, Salman Ajib. Solar cooling technologies: State of art and perspectives. Energy Conversion and Management. 2020; 214 ():112896.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali Alahmer; Salman Ajib. 2020. "Solar cooling technologies: State of art and perspectives." Energy Conversion and Management 214, no. : 112896.

Articles
Published: 19 April 2020 in Science and Technology for the Built Environment
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In recent years, severe and persistent winter haze appears more frequently due to coal-combustion heating for residential buildings in winter in Northern China. To solve the problem, the Chinese government proposes to replace coal-combustion heating with electricity-driven air-source heat pump heating. In this paper, the performance of an air-source heat pump was studied for suburban residential building heating in the winter in Beijing, China. Heating load of a typical suburban residential building was evaluated using a building energy simulation program according to real weather data. The performance of the heat pump was then evaluated, and the electrical load for such building heating was analysed based on an hourly ambient temperature and heating load of the studied building. Results showed that the highest electrical load occurred between 3:00 and 7:00 and the lowest electrical load appeared between 13:00 and 15:00. The results are beneficial to guide electrical load transfer in the power grid. Compared with the coal-combustion heating, the heat pump heating could save 59% of annual operating cost and reduce the emission of CO2, SO2, and NOx by 54%, 78% and 74%, respectively. This study is significant for wide applications of air-source heat pump heating for suburban residential buildings in cities with weather like Beijing, China.

ACS Style

Xiaoling Yu; Qian Lv; Lu Zhang; Xiaolin Wang; Xiangzhao Meng; Zhenghua Zong. Study of thermal performance of air-source heat-pump heating for suburban residential buildings in Beijing. Science and Technology for the Built Environment 2020, 26, 975 -986.

AMA Style

Xiaoling Yu, Qian Lv, Lu Zhang, Xiaolin Wang, Xiangzhao Meng, Zhenghua Zong. Study of thermal performance of air-source heat-pump heating for suburban residential buildings in Beijing. Science and Technology for the Built Environment. 2020; 26 (7):975-986.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaoling Yu; Qian Lv; Lu Zhang; Xiaolin Wang; Xiangzhao Meng; Zhenghua Zong. 2020. "Study of thermal performance of air-source heat-pump heating for suburban residential buildings in Beijing." Science and Technology for the Built Environment 26, no. 7: 975-986.

Journal article
Published: 13 April 2020 in International Journal of Refrigeration
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The return sample of the reciprocating compressor revealed that the failure of a few suction valves was detected in a transitory time. To deal with this unconventional failure problem, microscopy and failure analysis were conducted and compared with the conventional failure type. The failure assumptions were proposed due to this, and a mathematical model using Fluid-Structure-Interaction (FSI) method was developed to investigate the stress performance and the failure mechanism. Moreover, an accelerated experimental facility was set up to validate the theoretical and numerical results. Results showed that the shear stress was the main reason for the short-time failure, and the head part of the suction valve experienced stress concentration. The failure started from the center of the suction valve's head part and resulted in its fracture at last. The thicker suction valve had the less stress concentration, and the valve head with a less hydraulic diameter had a minor failure possibility during the compression process. It provides reference for the unconventional failure probelme during the practical engineering.

ACS Style

Xiang Yin; Jianmin Fang; Feng Cao; Zhonghua Chen; Xiaolin Wang. Numerical and experimental investigations on the failure mechanism of the suction valve in the refrigerator compressor under unconventional conditions. International Journal of Refrigeration 2020, 117, 44 -51.

AMA Style

Xiang Yin, Jianmin Fang, Feng Cao, Zhonghua Chen, Xiaolin Wang. Numerical and experimental investigations on the failure mechanism of the suction valve in the refrigerator compressor under unconventional conditions. International Journal of Refrigeration. 2020; 117 ():44-51.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiang Yin; Jianmin Fang; Feng Cao; Zhonghua Chen; Xiaolin Wang. 2020. "Numerical and experimental investigations on the failure mechanism of the suction valve in the refrigerator compressor under unconventional conditions." International Journal of Refrigeration 117, no. : 44-51.