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Grain production is an important component of food security in Kenya but due to environmental conditions that favor rapid growth of insect populations, farmers and other agricultural stakeholders face ongoing and novel challenges from crop and stored product pest insects. To assist development of methods to reduce economic losses from stored product insect pests in Kenya, acoustic, visual, and pitfall trap surveys were conducted in five grain storage warehouses. Two commercially available acoustic systems successfully detected the pests of greatest economic importance, Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) and Prostephanus truncatus (Horn). Other insects of lesser economic importance also were observed in the visual surveys, including Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). This study demonstrated that the use of acoustic technology with visual surveys and pitfall traps can help managers to identify and target infestations within their warehouses, enabling them to reduce postharvest losses. With most warehouses being located in relatively noisy urban or peri-urban areas, background noise considerations are being incorporated into the design of future acoustic detectors for stored pest infestations. Kenya must import grain yearly to meet consumption needs; however, if the current yearly postharvest losses of 20–30% in warehouses decreased, import costs could be reduced considerably.
Anastasia Njoroge; Hippolyte Affognon; Uwe Richter; Oliver Hensel; Barukh Rohde; Davie Chen; Richard Mankin. Acoustic, Pitfall Trap, and Visual Surveys of Stored Product Insect Pests in Kenyan Warehouses. Insects 2019, 10, 105 .
AMA StyleAnastasia Njoroge, Hippolyte Affognon, Uwe Richter, Oliver Hensel, Barukh Rohde, Davie Chen, Richard Mankin. Acoustic, Pitfall Trap, and Visual Surveys of Stored Product Insect Pests in Kenyan Warehouses. Insects. 2019; 10 (4):105.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnastasia Njoroge; Hippolyte Affognon; Uwe Richter; Oliver Hensel; Barukh Rohde; Davie Chen; Richard Mankin. 2019. "Acoustic, Pitfall Trap, and Visual Surveys of Stored Product Insect Pests in Kenyan Warehouses." Insects 10, no. 4: 105.
Note: In lieu of an abstract, this is an excerpt from the first page.Excerpt The authors wish to add the following amendments and corrections to their paper published in Environments [1].
Michael Elias; Oliver Hensel; Uwe Richter; Christian Hülsebusch; Brigitte Kaufmann; Oliver Wasonga. Correction: Elias, M.; et al. 2015. Land Conversion Dynamics in the Borana Rangelands of Southern Ethiopia: An Integrated Assessment Using Remote Sensing Techniques and Field Survey Data. Environments 2015, 2, 1–31. Environments 2015, 2, 385 -387.
AMA StyleMichael Elias, Oliver Hensel, Uwe Richter, Christian Hülsebusch, Brigitte Kaufmann, Oliver Wasonga. Correction: Elias, M.; et al. 2015. Land Conversion Dynamics in the Borana Rangelands of Southern Ethiopia: An Integrated Assessment Using Remote Sensing Techniques and Field Survey Data. Environments 2015, 2, 1–31. Environments. 2015; 2 (4):385-387.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichael Elias; Oliver Hensel; Uwe Richter; Christian Hülsebusch; Brigitte Kaufmann; Oliver Wasonga. 2015. "Correction: Elias, M.; et al. 2015. Land Conversion Dynamics in the Borana Rangelands of Southern Ethiopia: An Integrated Assessment Using Remote Sensing Techniques and Field Survey Data. Environments 2015, 2, 1–31." Environments 2, no. 4: 385-387.
Conversion of rangelands into cultivated land is one of the main challenges affecting the management of rangelands in Ethiopia. In order to inform policy makers about trends in land-use conversion, this study examined the drivers, trends, and impacts of land conversions in five locations selected in the Borana rangelands of Southern Ethiopia. This study integrated survey interviews from agro-pastoralists, participatory appraisals, rainfall data, and remotely sensed satellite data from Landsat images taken in 1985 and 2011. Results indicate that there is a marked increase in cultivated land in some of the study sites while in the other sites there is a slight reduction. The bare lands increased in some parts of the study sites though there was slight recovery of grassland in some of the degraded areas. Settlement areas with permanent housing increased. Woodland vegetation decreased except on mountain escarpments where there were slight gains. The results further show that, during this period, bushland decreased while at the same time grassland increased. Shrub/grassland with seasonally flooded areas increased in the bottomlands. Inhabitants interviewed in the study areas perceived land use and land cover changes to be driven by interplay of recurrent drought, loss of pasture, food insecurity, and decline in income. Changes in policies that govern natural resources have influence the land use change in this area and the expansion of cultivation. Expansion of cultivation practices upon rangelands has resulting in significant loss of vegetation biomass and soil erosion, thereby precipitating rangeland degradation. The results provide comprehensive insights regarding the influence of internal and external drivers of land conversion that should be considered when making decisions for land use planning.
Michael Elias; Oliver Hensel; Uwe Richter; Christian Hülsebusch; Brigitte Kaufmann; Oliver Wasonga. Land Conversion Dynamics in the Borana Rangelands of Southern Ethiopia: An Integrated Assessment Using Remote Sensing Techniques and Field Survey Data. Environments 2015, 2, 1 -31.
AMA StyleMichael Elias, Oliver Hensel, Uwe Richter, Christian Hülsebusch, Brigitte Kaufmann, Oliver Wasonga. Land Conversion Dynamics in the Borana Rangelands of Southern Ethiopia: An Integrated Assessment Using Remote Sensing Techniques and Field Survey Data. Environments. 2015; 2 (4):1-31.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichael Elias; Oliver Hensel; Uwe Richter; Christian Hülsebusch; Brigitte Kaufmann; Oliver Wasonga. 2015. "Land Conversion Dynamics in the Borana Rangelands of Southern Ethiopia: An Integrated Assessment Using Remote Sensing Techniques and Field Survey Data." Environments 2, no. 4: 1-31.