This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
Dr Sarmila Md Sum is a senior lecturer at Social Science and Humanities Faculty under Development Science Program, National University of Malaysia. Her research areas are on Community Development, Corporate Social Responsibility, Social Business and Entrepreneurship.
Sustainability certification schemes were introduced to the palm oil industry as a response to address the negative environmental and social impacts associated with the development of this industry. The first certification scheme for palm oil, the Roundtable of Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), was established in 2004, followed by other non-governmental initiatives to ensure the sustainable production of palm oil. Indonesia and Malaysia, the two largest palm oil producers in the world, established Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) and Malaysia Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) in 2011 and 2015, respectively. This article aims to analyze the existing literature related to studies on the RSPO, MSPO and ISPO on the basis of articles identified from the SCOPUS (scopus.com) and Web of Science (clavirate.com) databases. Results showed that research on the RSPO has been widely conducted compared with that on MSPO and ISPO. Thus, further research on MSPO and ISPO is needed to understand the dynamics of the implementation of sustainability certification. This article also provides an insight on how sustainable certification in the palm oil industry, particularly MSPO, could contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Norhana Abdul Majid; Zaimah Ramli; Sarmila Md Sum; Abd Awang. Sustainable Palm Oil Certification Scheme Frameworks and Impacts: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3263 .
AMA StyleNorhana Abdul Majid, Zaimah Ramli, Sarmila Md Sum, Abd Awang. Sustainable Palm Oil Certification Scheme Frameworks and Impacts: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (6):3263.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNorhana Abdul Majid; Zaimah Ramli; Sarmila Md Sum; Abd Awang. 2021. "Sustainable Palm Oil Certification Scheme Frameworks and Impacts: A Systematic Literature Review." Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3263.
Mining is an important industry in Indonesia. A nickel mining company has operated for almost 45 years. It has managed corporate social responsibility (CSR) programmes in the neighbouring local community. In addition to the environmental conservation and mitigation, as well as socioeconomic enhancement, the CSR is expected to nurture resilience in the local communities. This study’s goal is to examine the effect of CSR on community resilience (COM-R) in the surrounding community. To analyse the effect of CSR practise on COM-R, Partial Least Squares -Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) is used. Results show that CSR has a positive effect on and a significant relationship with COM-R. Results also indicate that CSR’s contribution to COM-R enhances community collective efficacy, community action, and adaptation. Thus, the verified CSR and COM-R model benefits other researchers, companies, and governments to be further explored.
Iskandar Zainuddin Rela; Abd Hair Awang; Zaimah Ramli; Yani Taufik; Sarmila Md Sum; Mahazan Muhammad. Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Community Resilience: Empirical Evidence in the Nickel Mining Industry in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1395 .
AMA StyleIskandar Zainuddin Rela, Abd Hair Awang, Zaimah Ramli, Yani Taufik, Sarmila Md Sum, Mahazan Muhammad. Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Community Resilience: Empirical Evidence in the Nickel Mining Industry in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (4):1395.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIskandar Zainuddin Rela; Abd Hair Awang; Zaimah Ramli; Yani Taufik; Sarmila Md Sum; Mahazan Muhammad. 2020. "Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Community Resilience: Empirical Evidence in the Nickel Mining Industry in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia." Sustainability 12, no. 4: 1395.
Sarmila Et Al.. Corporate social responsibility initiative for the community. International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2020, 7, 36 -43.
AMA StyleSarmila Et Al.. Corporate social responsibility initiative for the community. International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES. 2020; 7 (2):36-43.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSarmila Et Al.. 2020. "Corporate social responsibility initiative for the community." International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES 7, no. 2: 36-43.
Entrepreneurship education plays a crucial role in higher education to increase student’s interests and capability of having an entrepreneurial mindset. This study aims to evaluate student’s perception of their institution, instructors and themselves towards entrepreneurship education to inform gamification design of entrepreneurship education in the 4IR era. Through knowledge transfer programs, a self-reported questionnaire was distributed to 3 participating universities in 3 ASEAN countries namely Malaysia, Indonesia and Vietnam measuring their perception of the current entrepreneurship education at their respective institutions. In total, 209 responses were received, comprising students from Malaysia (27.3%), Indonesia (42.6%) and Vietnam (30.1%). The results suggest that the combination of student’s perception of the institutions that provide necessary supports, the instructors’ abilities to deliver teaching materials in an engaging way and students’ openness to learn entrepreneurship influence the student’s openness to entrepreneurial education in higher education. These results imply useful inputs to design gamification strategies where the gamified teaching and learning within the institution, instructors and the students would influence better acceptance of entrepreneurial education courses.
Sum Sarmila; Shamshubaridah Ramlee; Akmal Sabarudin; Norhana Arsad; Murshida Marizan Nor; Zainebbeevi Kamal Batcha; Nurul Asmaa Ramli; A. Imran Nordin. Student’s Perception on Entrepreneurial Education Programs for Graduate Startups in Selected ASEAN Universities. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 2019, 550 -559.
AMA StyleSum Sarmila, Shamshubaridah Ramlee, Akmal Sabarudin, Norhana Arsad, Murshida Marizan Nor, Zainebbeevi Kamal Batcha, Nurul Asmaa Ramli, A. Imran Nordin. Student’s Perception on Entrepreneurial Education Programs for Graduate Startups in Selected ASEAN Universities. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV. 2019; ():550-559.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSum Sarmila; Shamshubaridah Ramlee; Akmal Sabarudin; Norhana Arsad; Murshida Marizan Nor; Zainebbeevi Kamal Batcha; Nurul Asmaa Ramli; A. Imran Nordin. 2019. "Student’s Perception on Entrepreneurial Education Programs for Graduate Startups in Selected ASEAN Universities." Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV , no. : 550-559.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine potential determinants of halal perception and to validate the mediating model of halal perception on purchasing decision of Malaysian consumers. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a survey to obtain the relevant data. The survey involved self-administration of questionnaires to 420 consumers and 96 per cent responded. The questionnaire consists of four sections designed to obtain information on demography, halal perception, determinants of halal perception and purchase decision. Findings The main finding reiterates the role of credible signals in credence items purchased as suggested by the signaling theory. Halal perception has association with respondents’ purchase decision. Thus, it highlights that halal perception is the mediating variable that intervenes in the relationship of a few independent variables and the purchase decision trends. The independent variables such as manufacturer identity, product label, physical product and packaging as well country of origin are considered to be important extrinsic cues that deliver messages regarding the halal of certain food products. The association of the four variables with halal perception is also found to be significant. Originality/value The originality of this study lies in its attempt to explore the role of halal perception in the marketing of food products especially within the scope of a Muslim’s market. Besides, this study attempts to investigate the halal issue based on a specific model that includes potential variables and the intervening role of halal perception.
Suraiya Ishak; Abd Hair Awang; Mohd Yusof Hussain; Zaimah Ramli; Sarmila Md Sum; Suhana Saad; Azima Abd Manaf. A study on the mediating role of halal perception: determinants and consequence reflections. Journal of Islamic Marketing 2016, 7, 288 -302.
AMA StyleSuraiya Ishak, Abd Hair Awang, Mohd Yusof Hussain, Zaimah Ramli, Sarmila Md Sum, Suhana Saad, Azima Abd Manaf. A study on the mediating role of halal perception: determinants and consequence reflections. Journal of Islamic Marketing. 2016; 7 (3):288-302.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSuraiya Ishak; Abd Hair Awang; Mohd Yusof Hussain; Zaimah Ramli; Sarmila Md Sum; Suhana Saad; Azima Abd Manaf. 2016. "A study on the mediating role of halal perception: determinants and consequence reflections." Journal of Islamic Marketing 7, no. 3: 288-302.
Through the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives, companies are expected to contribute towards community development, particularly in enhancing the economic well being of the local community. This paper will discuss on the experience of local farmers community that has been involved in a CSR project by a multinasional company in collaboration will local farmers association to have an understanding on the extend of the project’s contribution towards the community . A total of 45 farmers were interviewed for this purpose. The interview data is transcribed and coded into themes that reflect the experiences of the farmers’ involvement with the CSR project. The study identifies 15 basic themes (BT) from the thematic analysis. These basic themes are clustered into three categories of main themes (MT) that are employment opportunity, sources of income and asset generation. The three themes reflect the contribution of the CSR project on the economic well-being of the community from the perspective of the community that involved with the project. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s3p79
Sum Sarmila; R. Zaimah; Novel Lyndon; Mohd Yusof Hussain; Abd Hair Awang. Local Community Economic Wellbeing through CSR Project. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 2015, 6, 79 .
AMA StyleSum Sarmila, R. Zaimah, Novel Lyndon, Mohd Yusof Hussain, Abd Hair Awang. Local Community Economic Wellbeing through CSR Project. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. 2015; 6 ():79.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSum Sarmila; R. Zaimah; Novel Lyndon; Mohd Yusof Hussain; Abd Hair Awang. 2015. "Local Community Economic Wellbeing through CSR Project." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 6, no. : 79.
Customary land forms an important asset and are very valuable to the Bidayuh community. Hence, this article attempts to understand the cultural construct of customary land and its relationship to the economic and social dimension from the perspective of Bidayuh community. This study was undertaken in the District of Serian, Sarawak. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey supported by semi-structured interviews. A purposive sampling technique was utilized. A questionnaire survey was administered to 70 land owners who form the respondents of this study and an additional 10 persons from the Bidayuh community were interviewed. The findings reveal that the cultural construct of customary land to the Bidayuh community can be classified into three themes such as, land as cultural identity, land as sustaining heritage, and land as an economic resources. The study implies that the customary land has direct link with the economic and socio-cultural aspects of the Bidayuh community DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s3p26
R. Zaimah; A.M. Azima; Novel Lyndon; Sum Sarmila; S. Sivapalan. Cultural Construct of Customary Land from the Perspective of Bidayuh Community. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 2015, 6, 1 .
AMA StyleR. Zaimah, A.M. Azima, Novel Lyndon, Sum Sarmila, S. Sivapalan. Cultural Construct of Customary Land from the Perspective of Bidayuh Community. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. 2015; 6 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. Zaimah; A.M. Azima; Novel Lyndon; Sum Sarmila; S. Sivapalan. 2015. "Cultural Construct of Customary Land from the Perspective of Bidayuh Community." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 6, no. 4: 1.
Similar to the indigenous peoples in other countries, the Bidayuh community in Serian, Sarawak are relaying totally on the natural resources in practicing the traditional way of life. The relationship between the community and the customary land is a unique and complex relationship. This is because land is the heart and the identity of the Bidayuh community, it is very meaningful to their lives and it is not purely based on economy. Therefore, the rights of the customary land need to be protected in ensuring that all the needs related to their daily life is not denied. However, the absence of the customary land ownership rights has apparently affected the social, economic, cultural and political rights and consequently affected the well-being of the Bidayuh community. Accordingly, guided by the land change model with the driving force and actors, the approach has been able to unravel the communities needs on the recognition of the customary land ownership through the world view of the Bidayuh community. The data was collected using the qualitative methodology involving six villages in Serian, Sarawak. The primary data and information were obtained through the focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with the customary land owners and the highest administrators at the local level. The study results found that the need of the communities on the recognition of the customary land ownership is divided into four driving forces consisting of the social (pride, family values, symbols of hard work, community integration), economic (subsistence and commercial economy, competition for resources, development programme, economic conflicts, land acquisition), political (ownership, participation and empowerment, power holding) and ecological (survival, protection and the natural environment). The existence of various driving forces encouraged the communities to obtain a clearer customary land rights ownerships. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s3p94
A. K. Syafiq; A. M. Azima; Abd Hair Awang; Sum Sarmila; Mohd Fuad Mat Jali. Customary Land Ownership Rights Need: Land Change Model Application. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 2015, 6, 1 .
AMA StyleA. K. Syafiq, A. M. Azima, Abd Hair Awang, Sum Sarmila, Mohd Fuad Mat Jali. Customary Land Ownership Rights Need: Land Change Model Application. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. 2015; 6 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. K. Syafiq; A. M. Azima; Abd Hair Awang; Sum Sarmila; Mohd Fuad Mat Jali. 2015. "Customary Land Ownership Rights Need: Land Change Model Application." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 6, no. : 1.
The constructions of ethnic minority group identity are often overshadowed by the majority group. The main objective of this study is to understand the nature of language and cultural identity desired by the ethnic minority group. This study used the phenomenological research paradigm that focuses on understanding the Malay ethnic group of Southern Thailand in Thesaban Takbai, Narathiwat in respect of the formation of ethnic identity base on their world-view. The unit of analysis in this study consists of ten Malay ethnic individuals of Southern Thailand living in Thesaban Takbai, Narathiwat, Thailand. Ten informants consisting of five men and five women with the age ranging from 20 to 60 years old were selected based on the type of occupations and level of education to be interviewed in-depth in this study. The sample was selected using the non-probability sampling that is the purposive and snowball sampling. The findings show that the Malay ethnic of Thesaban Takbai in Southern Thailand still desire to maintain the Patani Malay culture in terms of clothing and name. The informants’ views towards the language identity show that they are very tolerant of the position of Thai Language as the National Language. The implications of this study is that the Thai government should take into consideration the interests of the minority groups and not to practice the integration policy in the form of top-down administrative through the assimilation approach that is considered as discriminating to the minority groups. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s3p11
Novel Lyndon; Hasni Zakaria; A.M. Azima; Aznie C.R. Rosniza; Sum Sarmila. Cultural and Language Identity of the Thesaban Takbai Malay Ethnic, Southern Thailand: A Phenomenological Analysis. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 2015, 6, 1 .
AMA StyleNovel Lyndon, Hasni Zakaria, A.M. Azima, Aznie C.R. Rosniza, Sum Sarmila. Cultural and Language Identity of the Thesaban Takbai Malay Ethnic, Southern Thailand: A Phenomenological Analysis. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. 2015; 6 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNovel Lyndon; Hasni Zakaria; A.M. Azima; Aznie C.R. Rosniza; Sum Sarmila. 2015. "Cultural and Language Identity of the Thesaban Takbai Malay Ethnic, Southern Thailand: A Phenomenological Analysis." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 6, no. 4: 1.
This paper is part of the Financial Well-Being Research among the Public Sector Workers in Malaysia, carried out in 2008. The paper seeks to identify the husbands’ and wives’ financial decision making in a dual-income families. The unit of analysis is the individual, either the husband or the wife. A total of 415 respondents was included in this analysis. Financial decision making is measured using a five scale, i.e. 1=husband; 2=wife; 3=child; 4=together; and 5=individuals. Three major financial decision making patterns obtained in the findings are similar to the findings obtained in the previous studies, namely decision-making by the husband, decision making by the wife, and financial decision making were made by both the husband and the wife. The financial decision making by the husband involved big expenditure with high commitment. Decision making by the wife was more focused on the needs of the family related expenses. While decision making by the husband and wife tends to relate to the children's needs. In addition, the findings also showed that the larger income contribution of the family provides greater opportunities in the decision making. However, decision-making in a dual-income family is also influenced by the religion and culture. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s3p70
R. Zaimah; Jariah Masud; Sharifah Azizah Haron; M.S. Sarmila; Abd Hair Awang. Financial Decision Making among the Dual-Income Families in Malaysia. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 2015, 6, 70 .
AMA StyleR. Zaimah, Jariah Masud, Sharifah Azizah Haron, M.S. Sarmila, Abd Hair Awang. Financial Decision Making among the Dual-Income Families in Malaysia. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. 2015; 6 (4):70.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. Zaimah; Jariah Masud; Sharifah Azizah Haron; M.S. Sarmila; Abd Hair Awang. 2015. "Financial Decision Making among the Dual-Income Families in Malaysia." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 6, no. 4: 70.
The purpose of this study is to explore the usefulness of two family financial ratio guidelines in assessing the financial well-being of married public sector workers in Malaysia. The ratios examined were savings and debt-payment. Data on 415 workers were gathered from the Financial Well-being of Workers of Dual-earner Family survey report in 2008. The findings showed most of the workers had a savings ratio of less than 10 percent. Meanwhile, more than half of the workers had debt-payments ratio of more than or equal to 20 percent. In addition, the workers fall into four categories, namely are A, B, C and D, of which level A is the best and level D the worst. Typically, most of the workers are in level D (42.2%) and level B (30.1%). In summary, the study revealed that the culture of saving among the workers was still at the unsatisfactorily level.
R. Zaimah; Jariah Masud; Sharifah Azizah Haron; Mumtazah Othman; Abd Hair Awang; Sum Sarmila. Financial Well-Being: Financial Ratio Analysis of Married Public Sector Workers in Malaysia. Asian Social Science 2013, 9, p1 .
AMA StyleR. Zaimah, Jariah Masud, Sharifah Azizah Haron, Mumtazah Othman, Abd Hair Awang, Sum Sarmila. Financial Well-Being: Financial Ratio Analysis of Married Public Sector Workers in Malaysia. Asian Social Science. 2013; 9 (14):p1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. Zaimah; Jariah Masud; Sharifah Azizah Haron; Mumtazah Othman; Abd Hair Awang; Sum Sarmila. 2013. "Financial Well-Being: Financial Ratio Analysis of Married Public Sector Workers in Malaysia." Asian Social Science 9, no. 14: p1.
Property market efficiency in terms of adequate supply of land for proper use will have a strong impact on the value of urban real estate. Land supply plays an important role in providing space for housing which also includes meeting the demands of the commercial and industrial sectors. Hence, the distribution of urban land for development will affect the structural development of a city. Meanwhile, the existence of vacant urban land can lead to an unbalanced real estate development. This paper therefore aims to examine property efficiency relationship between real estate ability and the development process. Literature review from previous studies suggests that it is possible to examine property market efficiency. The term ‘efficiency’ has been viewed from different perspectives of theories or approaches by various researchers. Interestingly, many researchers have tried to examine property efficiency issues from the conventional approach until the emergence of the need to provide an alternative economic institutional approach. Institutionalisms consider rules, policy and organisations and the way these may govern agents’ social relations and their attitudes in the society. It means the major role of institutions in a society is to reduce uncertainty by establishing a stable structure to human interaction.
Azima Abdul Manaf; A. C. Er; Ismail O.; N. Lyndon; S. Sivapalan; Mohd Yusof Hussain; Suhana Saad; R. Zaimah; Sum Sarmila; M. J. Fuad. Property Market Efficiency: Developed or Vacant Property. Asian Social Science 2013, 9, 1 .
AMA StyleAzima Abdul Manaf, A. C. Er, Ismail O., N. Lyndon, S. Sivapalan, Mohd Yusof Hussain, Suhana Saad, R. Zaimah, Sum Sarmila, M. J. Fuad. Property Market Efficiency: Developed or Vacant Property. Asian Social Science. 2013; 9 (14):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAzima Abdul Manaf; A. C. Er; Ismail O.; N. Lyndon; S. Sivapalan; Mohd Yusof Hussain; Suhana Saad; R. Zaimah; Sum Sarmila; M. J. Fuad. 2013. "Property Market Efficiency: Developed or Vacant Property." Asian Social Science 9, no. 14: 1.
Dual-career families in Malaysia began with the influx of women into the workplace. The involvement of women in the labor market became more apparent after independence. In 1985, the Government of Malaysia formulated the National Policy on Women as a guide for women’s participation in the development process. The stature of women became a primary objective of the 6th Malaysia Plan (1991-1995), where a special fund for the development of women became a significant and integral step towards empowering women in Malaysia. In fact, the number of dual-career families in Malaysia is expected to rise due to the increase in female labor force participation rate. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to understand the phenomenon of dual-career families in Malaysia. This paper will focus on the participation of women in the labor force before independence, after independence and an update of its current situation.
R. Zaimah; Sum Sarmila; Sivapalan Selvadurai; N. Lyndon; A. C. Er; Muhd Norizam Jamian. The History and Current Status of Dual-Career Families in Malaysia. Asian Social Science 2013, 9, 1 .
AMA StyleR. Zaimah, Sum Sarmila, Sivapalan Selvadurai, N. Lyndon, A. C. Er, Muhd Norizam Jamian. The History and Current Status of Dual-Career Families in Malaysia. Asian Social Science. 2013; 9 (6):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. Zaimah; Sum Sarmila; Sivapalan Selvadurai; N. Lyndon; A. C. Er; Muhd Norizam Jamian. 2013. "The History and Current Status of Dual-Career Families in Malaysia." Asian Social Science 9, no. 6: 1.
The main economic resources of customary community is farming, therefore it is not surprising if the soil is the most important thing to them. The lineage of Minangkabau’s mother system could work properly if there is land for farming. Thus, the customary community is encouraged to strive for the land because the community of ‘perpatih’ custom is known as a farming community. The ownership right that belongs to this community is particularly need a person who is responsible to work on it. Indeed, the person who is related by marriage play a crucial role in order to preserve his wife inherited land. So that, this person will be responsible to develop that inherited land even though it is not a large land, but the ‘pertitih’ proverb once said that "it has been given to you the four thresholds, which you should preserve, advocate it." Therefore, from the customary community point of view it was stated that for those who are related by marriage has a role in order to enhance the customary land. Therefore this article will focus on the role of a person who is related by marriage in order to address issues of customary land.
Azima A. M.; Mohd Yusof Hussain; Suhana Saad; Lyndon N.; Sivapalan Selvadurai; Ramli Z.; Sarmila Md Sum. The Minangkabau’s Customary Land: The Role of “Orang Semenda” in Malaysia and Indonesia. Asian Social Science 2013, 9, 1 .
AMA StyleAzima A. M., Mohd Yusof Hussain, Suhana Saad, Lyndon N., Sivapalan Selvadurai, Ramli Z., Sarmila Md Sum. The Minangkabau’s Customary Land: The Role of “Orang Semenda” in Malaysia and Indonesia. Asian Social Science. 2013; 9 (8):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAzima A. M.; Mohd Yusof Hussain; Suhana Saad; Lyndon N.; Sivapalan Selvadurai; Ramli Z.; Sarmila Md Sum. 2013. "The Minangkabau’s Customary Land: The Role of “Orang Semenda” in Malaysia and Indonesia." Asian Social Science 9, no. 8: 1.
Previous studies shows that the failure of community development in Malaysia always related with two aspects such as the emphasis on top-down approach which is the centralization of power without the active participation of community members and also a limited understanding of the needs and aspirations of the local people. Therefore the main objective of this study is to understand the meaning of empowerment from the world-view of Bidayuh community itself. This study using abductive research strategy and a phenomenology research paradigm which is based on idealist ontology and constructionist epistemology. This paradigm focuses on the lived experience of the Bidayuh Bukar community which are shaped by their own value and daily life experience. Data was gathered through in-depth interviews conducted with 50 informants. The Bidayuh understanding of empowerment was analysed from themes derived from the knowledge, experience, interpretation, action and the reaction of the Bidayuh Bukar community world view. The findings show that the Bidayuh understanding of empowerment is a process in which power is developed, promoted, obtained, shared, simplified or adapted by individual or groups in social interaction that would allow them the ability to use internal capability themselves to do something, to take effect and make a difference in the community as a product that has been strengthened. In short, it refers to a process in which a person or a group are at a point where they are able to use the skills, ability and capacity themselves in understanding, interpreting problems and then define the requirements and translate these requirements to the process definition action through participation in the organization itself.
N. Lyndon; A. C. Er; Sivapalan Selvadurai; Sum Sarmila; M. J. Fuad; R. Zaimah; Azimah A. M.; Suhana S.; A. Mohd Nor Shahizan; Ali Salman; Rose Amnah Abd Rauf. Revisiting Community Bidayuh Empowerment Using Abductive Research Strategy. Asian Social Science 2013, 9, p64 .
AMA StyleN. Lyndon, A. C. Er, Sivapalan Selvadurai, Sum Sarmila, M. J. Fuad, R. Zaimah, Azimah A. M., Suhana S., A. Mohd Nor Shahizan, Ali Salman, Rose Amnah Abd Rauf. Revisiting Community Bidayuh Empowerment Using Abductive Research Strategy. Asian Social Science. 2013; 9 (8):p64.
Chicago/Turabian StyleN. Lyndon; A. C. Er; Sivapalan Selvadurai; Sum Sarmila; M. J. Fuad; R. Zaimah; Azimah A. M.; Suhana S.; A. Mohd Nor Shahizan; Ali Salman; Rose Amnah Abd Rauf. 2013. "Revisiting Community Bidayuh Empowerment Using Abductive Research Strategy." Asian Social Science 9, no. 8: p64.
Modernization and capitalist penetration in developing countries have impacted rural communities differently. The Penan natives who are settled in the peripheral and isolated areas close to the forest are on the receiving end of development. Often authority-defined development discourse has been dominant but lay-defined discourse provides an alternative understanding and contestation to this discourse. This paper examines the development discourses of the Penan natives who have settled in the Belaga Area of Bintulu, Sarawak. The discourses entail the impact of development, as well as the natives’ view for and against development. A total of 25 heads of households from 6 villages were involved in this research that utilized the non-probability sampling technique. Data in this research was collected using the technique of in-depth interview and informal group discussion. The findings revealed that the Penan natives are displaced and excluded from mainstream market development and as such their exposure to the market ideals requires adaptation of skills, information, education and even welfare provision which are still distant to them. Findings also revealed that the Penans are for development that entails sustaining their existing ecological relationship, with adequate provision of amenities and infrastructural development such as long houses, schools, recreational areas, roads, and other utilities. However, they are against development that disrupts their livelihood and habitat, for example those involving activities such as logging, oil palm plantation and major infrastructural projects. Contrasting worldviews held by the Penan natives for a sufficiency and ecological model of development can provide alternative views to mainstream development discourse.
Sivapalan Selvadurai; A. C. Er; Novel Lyndon; Sarmila Md Sum; Suhana Saad; Azima Abd Manaf; Zaimah Ramli. Penan Natives’ Discourse for and against Development. Asian Social Science 2013, 9, p72 .
AMA StyleSivapalan Selvadurai, A. C. Er, Novel Lyndon, Sarmila Md Sum, Suhana Saad, Azima Abd Manaf, Zaimah Ramli. Penan Natives’ Discourse for and against Development. Asian Social Science. 2013; 9 (8):p72.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSivapalan Selvadurai; A. C. Er; Novel Lyndon; Sarmila Md Sum; Suhana Saad; Azima Abd Manaf; Zaimah Ramli. 2013. "Penan Natives’ Discourse for and against Development." Asian Social Science 9, no. 8: p72.
Malaysia is a multi-ethnic country comprising three main ethnics, namely Malay, Chinese and Indian. As one of the multi-ethnic countries, construction of nation state becomes the government’s crucial agenda. After Malaysia achieved independence, the first endeavor towards integrity was uniting political parties, explicitly United Malay National Organization (UMNO), Malaysia Chinese Association (MCA) and Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC). However, this latest advancement creates upheavals particularly in Malay political parties which are UMNO, PAS (Pan-Malaysia Islamic Party) and PKR. If Malay political parties are dispersed, then how about the attempt to construct nation state? This research is about the nation state’s challenges affected by the upheavals in Malay political parties. This research uses secondary sources and interview with Malaysia’s political leaders. In these most recent uproars, media play an important role by worsening the existing crisis. All those scenarios have shown that civil movements also claim for a more democratic ruling system and election which challenges the government on the issues of unity and nation state.
Suhana Saad; Lyndon N.; Sivapalan Selvadurai; Sum Sarmila; R. Zaimah; A. M. Azima. Malay Politics and Nation State in Malaysia. Asian Social Science 2013, 9, p96 .
AMA StyleSuhana Saad, Lyndon N., Sivapalan Selvadurai, Sum Sarmila, R. Zaimah, A. M. Azima. Malay Politics and Nation State in Malaysia. Asian Social Science. 2013; 9 (8):p96.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSuhana Saad; Lyndon N.; Sivapalan Selvadurai; Sum Sarmila; R. Zaimah; A. M. Azima. 2013. "Malay Politics and Nation State in Malaysia." Asian Social Science 9, no. 8: p96.