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Most countries have developed green building rating tools that are based on social, environmental, and economic dimensions. Pakistan followed a similar approach and has developed a rating tool known as Sustainability in Energy and Environmental Development (SEED). However, SEED is built on developed western countries’ rating tool standards which do not address Pakistan’s unique local context, especially from the cultural and governmental perspectives. This research aims to fill this research gap by developing a holistic framework of building rating tools that incorporates cultural and governmental dimensions. Based on an extensive literature review, a hypothetical framework, incorporating Pakistan’s unique local contexts and adding cultural and governmental dimensions to the widely adopted social, environmental, and economic dimensions of sustainability, was proposed in this paper. This framework was further validated by in-depth interviews with multiple stakeholders in Pakistan. A qualitative analysis of the interview results was carried out, and the final framework was proposed with key indicators, reflecting all five dimensions of sustainability. The verified sustainability framework can be used to improve or develop green building rating tools for Pakistan, and it can also inform other developing countries’ rating tool development.
Muhammad Khan; Cynthia Wang; Chyi Lee. A Framework for Developing Green Building Rating Tools Based on Pakistan’s Local Context. Buildings 2021, 11, 202 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Khan, Cynthia Wang, Chyi Lee. A Framework for Developing Green Building Rating Tools Based on Pakistan’s Local Context. Buildings. 2021; 11 (5):202.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Khan; Cynthia Wang; Chyi Lee. 2021. "A Framework for Developing Green Building Rating Tools Based on Pakistan’s Local Context." Buildings 11, no. 5: 202.
Air pollution has received increasing attention in recent years, particularly in China, due to the rapid industrialisation that has wrought intense levels of air pollution. A number of studies, therefore, have been devoted to quantifying the impacts of air pollution on property value in China. However, the empirical results are somewhat mixed. This naturally raises questions of whether there is a significant relationship between air quality and housing prices and the plausible reasons for the mixed results in previous studies. This study aims to fill this gap by explaining the variations in the findings by a meta-regression analysis. To control for heterogeneity, a weighted least square model was used to explore the factors influencing the magnitude and significance of the air quality effect based on empirical estimates from 117 observations. This study confirms that air quality does have a discernible impact on housing prices beyond the publication bias. Besides, the types of air quality indicator and the air data source do significantly influence estimates through affecting both the magnitude of the elasticity and the partial correlation coefficient (PCC). Further, the selections of control variables and estimation approaches also have significant impacts on estimates. This study also finds that published papers tend to be biased towards more economically significant estimates. The implications of the findings have also been discussed.
Jianing Wang; Chyi Lee; Sara Shirowzhan. Macro-Impacts of Air Quality on Property Values in China—A Meta‐Regression Analysis of the Literature. Buildings 2021, 11, 48 .
AMA StyleJianing Wang, Chyi Lee, Sara Shirowzhan. Macro-Impacts of Air Quality on Property Values in China—A Meta‐Regression Analysis of the Literature. Buildings. 2021; 11 (2):48.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJianing Wang; Chyi Lee; Sara Shirowzhan. 2021. "Macro-Impacts of Air Quality on Property Values in China—A Meta‐Regression Analysis of the Literature." Buildings 11, no. 2: 48.
This paper studies the impact of removing the level crossing, which constitutes traffic hazard to the society, on house prices by conducting a quasi-natural experiment using the Level Crossing Removal Project (LXRP) implemented by the Victoria state government in Australia since 2015. Using a difference-in-differences method, we analyzed the changes in housing prices due to the improvement of transportation infrastructure, gauging the LXRP’s impact on house and unit submarkets separately. We found that the prices for house and unit markets increased significantly after the removal of level crossings, with the value uplift decreasing with distance from the removal site. This paper contributes to the existing literature by adding an empirical study related to the enhancement of infrastructure aiming to improve the traffic safety in the urban context. Unlike previous studies, this study examines the effect of improvement projects for existing infrastructure and provides relevant implications to improve the efficiency of investing public resources in infrastructure improvement.
Jian Liang; Kang Mo Koo; Chyi Lin Lee. Transportation infrastructure improvement and real estate value: impact of level crossing removal project on housing prices. Transportation 2021, 1 -43.
AMA StyleJian Liang, Kang Mo Koo, Chyi Lin Lee. Transportation infrastructure improvement and real estate value: impact of level crossing removal project on housing prices. Transportation. 2021; ():1-43.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJian Liang; Kang Mo Koo; Chyi Lin Lee. 2021. "Transportation infrastructure improvement and real estate value: impact of level crossing removal project on housing prices." Transportation , no. : 1-43.
To offer a roadmap for companies to achieve best practices, a new green-ranking system has been launched by the CDP, formerly the Carbon Disclosure Project. This new system, which takes its data from firms’ disclosure of their own carbon-reduction efforts, classifies companies into four ranks, namely, A (leadership), B (management), C (awareness) and D (disclosure), where a higher ranking indicates a greener company. This system replaced the old carbon-disclosure scoring system. However, as participation in the survey that collects the data is voluntary, there is a concern that the carbon disclosure could be a green-washing activity, used for impression management. It is not clear whether this new system can resolve this issue. This study investigates whether corporate green rankings are more closely associated with carbon reduction than carbon-disclosure scoring. We use innovative methods to detect green-washing behaviour by examining the degree of correlation between carbon disclosure and performance versus between green rank and performance. Our empirical results show that there a significant positive link between green ranking and carbon performance, whereas a positive association between disclosure scoring and carbon performance is not found under the old carbon-reporting mechanism. This likely means that this new system has to a certain extent reduced green washing in our sample firms, among other implications.
Ting Guo; Guiliang Zha; Chyi Lin Lee; Qingliang Tang. Does corporate green ranking reflect carbon-mitigation performance? Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 277, 123601 .
AMA StyleTing Guo, Guiliang Zha, Chyi Lin Lee, Qingliang Tang. Does corporate green ranking reflect carbon-mitigation performance? Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 277 ():123601.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTing Guo; Guiliang Zha; Chyi Lin Lee; Qingliang Tang. 2020. "Does corporate green ranking reflect carbon-mitigation performance?" Journal of Cleaner Production 277, no. : 123601.
Digital tools and marketing have been widely adopted in various industries throughout the world. These tools have enabled companies to obtain real-time customer insights and create and communicate value to customers more effectively. This study aims at understanding the principles and practices of sustainable digital marketing in the Malaysian property development industry by investigating the extent to which digital marketing has been adopted, the impediments to its adoption, and the strategies to improve digital capabilities for the local context. Digital marketing theories, practices, and models from other industries are adopted and applied to the local property development industry to lay the foundation for making it smart and sustainable. This paper proposes a marketing technology acceptance model (MTAM) for digital marketing strategy and capability development. The key factors used in the model are ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived cost, higher return, efficiency, digital service quality, digital information quality, digital system quality, attitude towards use, and actual use. The model and hypothetical relationships of critical factors are tested using structural modeling, reliability, and validity techniques using a sample of 279 Malaysian property development sector representatives. A quantitative approach is adopted, using an online questionnaire tool to investigate the behavior of respondents on the current digital marketing practices and capabilities of Malaysian property development companies. The results show that the sample property development companies are driven by the benefit of easily obtaining real-time customer information for creating and communicating value to customers more effectively through the company brand. Further strategies, such as creating real-time interactions, creating key performance indicators to measure digital marketing, personalization, and encouraging innovation in digital marketing are most preferred by local professionals. An adoption framework is provided based on the reviewed models and results of the current study to help transform the Malaysian property development sector into a smart and sustainable property development sector by facilitating the adoption of digital technologies. The results, based on real-time data and pertinent strategies for improvement of the local property sector, are expected to pave the way for inducing sustainable digital marketing trends, enhancing capabilities, and uplifting the state of the property development sector in developing countries.
Sheen Low; Fahim Ullah; Sara Shirowzhan; Samad M.E. Sepasgozar; Chyi Lin Lee. Smart Digital Marketing Capabilities for Sustainable Property Development: A Case of Malaysia. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5402 .
AMA StyleSheen Low, Fahim Ullah, Sara Shirowzhan, Samad M.E. Sepasgozar, Chyi Lin Lee. Smart Digital Marketing Capabilities for Sustainable Property Development: A Case of Malaysia. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (13):5402.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSheen Low; Fahim Ullah; Sara Shirowzhan; Samad M.E. Sepasgozar; Chyi Lin Lee. 2020. "Smart Digital Marketing Capabilities for Sustainable Property Development: A Case of Malaysia." Sustainability 12, no. 13: 5402.