The Government of the Indonesian Republic has targeted an increase in the value of shrimp exports and production until 250% by 2024. Thus, a special strategy is needed to develop whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture that can increase production but does not negatively impact the aquatic environment. For this reason, research was carried out to obtain a strategy for developing sustainable intensive/super-intensive technology of whiteleg shrimp culture in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The activity was conducted in South Sulawesi Province from March to July 2021. The data were collected from questionnaires submitted to respondents or actors, namely whiteleg shrimp brackishwater pond managers and other stakeholders and structured observations on whiteleg shrimp ponds. The validity of the questionnaire was tested using Corrected Item-Total Correlation method and the reliability was tested using Cronbach’s alpha method. Another primary data source was obtained through Focus Group Discussion. Data analysis was undertaken using the Analytical Hierarchy Process method. The research results show that, of the 18 intensive/super-intensive technology of whiteleg shrimp farming businesses operating in Bulukumba, Je’neponto, and Takalar Regencies, only one whitleg shrimp farming business applies super-intensive technology. The main problems in intensive/super-intensive whiteleg shrimp culture are disease attacks, namely acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease or early mortality syndrome and white feces disease and the inconsistent quality of seed. Among the four criteria studied, it was found that environmental factor criteria are the most influential in developing intensive/super-intensive technology of whiteleg shrimp culture. Among the seven alternative strategies, the order of priority of the alternative strategies is environmental protection of culture, management of culture areas, modern technological innovation, environmentally friendly culture technology, easy access to business and capital, improvement of human resources, and availability of pond facilities.

Most of brackish water ponds used for seaweed (Gracilaria verrucosa) culture in Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia are constructed on acid sulfate soil. Despite this inevitable condition, opportunities remain open to increase the seaweed production. The research was conducted to study the dominant factors that affect the seaweed production in ASS-affected ponds of Luwu Regency. As a dependent variable in this research is seaweed production. Independent variables were grouped into: (a) farmer status factor, consisting of 9 variables; (b) pond condition factor, consisting of 8 variables; (c) pond management factor, consisting of 29 variables; (d) soil quality factor, consisting of 17 variables and (e) water quality factor, consisting of 11 variables. Multiple regression with dummy variable was used to analyze the data in prediction dependent variable. Results show that the average of seaweed production in ASS-affected pond of Luwu Regency is 11,000 kg dry/ha/year. Seaweed production can be increased through: (a) decreasing dosage of urea and KCl and increasing dosage and frequency of fertilizer containing phosphate; (b) increasing water depth in the pond and decreasing percentage of water exchange,(c) conducting remediation to increase the soil pH and decreasing the concentration of Fe in the water, (d) increasing stocking density of milkfish to decrease the epiphyte population and (e) increasing the frequency of the farmer to attend trainings.

Toxic materials in waste generally contain several components of the global trending pollutant category, especially PAHs and heavy metals. Bioremediation technology for waste management that utilizes microorganisms (bacteria) has not been fully capable of breaking down these toxic materials into simple and environmentally friendly chemical products. This review paper examines the potential application of a consortium of marine sponge symbionts with high performance and efficiency in removing PAHs and heavy metal contaminants. The method was carried out through a review of several related research articles by the author and published by other researchers. The results of the study conclude that the development of global trending pollutant (GTP) bioremediation technology could be carried out to increase the efficiency of remediation. Several types of marine sponge symbiont bacteria, hydrocarbonoclastic (R-1), metalloclastic (R-2), and metallo-hydro-carbonoclastic (R-3), have the potential to be applied to improve waste removal performance. A consortium of crystalline bacterial preparations is required to mobilize into GTP-exposed sites rapidly. Bacterial symbionts of marine sponges can be traced mainly to sea sponges, whose body surface is covered with mucus.

Budidaya tambak merupakan industri akuakultur terbesar di Indonesia yang sangat diharapkan menjadi andalan dalam mewujudkan visi: Indonesia penghasil produk kelautan dan perikanan terbesar 2015, serta misi: menyejahterakan masyarakat kelautan dan perikanan. Untuk mewujudkan visi dan misi tersebut, maka Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan telah mencanangkan program minapolitan dan industrialisasi kelautan dan perikanan. Komoditas yang menjadi andalan program minapolitan dan industrialisasi perikanan budidaya tambak adalah udang windu, udang vaname, ikan bandeng, dan ikan nila. Karena komoditas tersebut merupakan komoditas yang berbasis lahan, sehingga untuk dapat hidup, tumbuh, dan berproduksi membutuhkan persyaratan tertentu yang berbeda satu sama lainnya. Persyaratan tumbuh atau persyaratan penggunaan lahan yang diperlukan oleh masing-masing komoditas dapat dijadikan dasar dalam menyusun kriteria kesesuaian lahan. Pada evaluasi lahan yang didasarkan pada sumberdaya fisik, empat faktor/sub-model telah dipertimbangkan sebagai kriteria kesesuaian lahan untuk budidaya tambak yaitu: topografi dan hidrologi, kondisi tanah, kualitas air, dan iklim dengan masing-masing nilai kriteria peubah yang berbeda-beda pada kelas kesesuaian dan komoditas yang berbeda pula.

Daya dukung lahan termasuk lahan budidaya tambak merupakan salah satu konsep dasar yang perlu diketahui lebih awal agar dapat dilakukan pengelolaan sumberdaya alam dan lingkungan secara berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya dukung kawasan pertambakan di sekitar Kecamatan Balusu, Kabupaten Barru, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan yang didasarkan pada kapasitas alaminya untuk menampung limbah agar produktivitas tambak dapat meningkat dan berkelanjutan. Metoda penelitian yang diaplikasikan adalah metoda survei. Pengukuran langsung di lapangan dan pengambilan contoh air dilakukan di laut dan saluran tambak untuk dianalisis di Laboratorium Air Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau, Maros.  Data fisik lahan diperoleh dari hasil pengukuran di lapangan dan hasil ekstrak dari  citra beresolusi tinggi yaitu Quickbird akuisisi 28 Oktober 2006 dan 25 September 2007. Kuantitas air tersedia ditentukan dengan memanfaatkan fasilitas analisis 3-D dalam Sistem Informasi Geografis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air perairan di sekitar Kecamatan Balusu yang akan menerima limbah budidaya tambak tergolong sesuai untuk budidaya tambak dan dapat berfungsi sebagai pengencer limbah budidaya tambak. Kuantitas air perairan tersedia sebagai penerima limbah di sekitar pertambakan Kecamatan Balusu sebesar 2.025.647,94 m3 yang dapat  mendukung usaha tambak yang berkelanjutan seluas 236,40 ha (43,11% dari luas total tambak 548,33 ha) jika dikelola dengan teknologi tradisional dengan produksi maksimal 141,84 ton/musim. Kawasan mangrove yang tersisa hanya seluas 38,97 ha dan masih dibutuhkan lagi minimal seluas 93,39 ha, sehingga program rehabilitasi mangrove menjadi sangat penting. Carrying capacity of brackishwater pond in a specific location or land is a very important aspect to consider in order to determine the sustainability of the use of natural resources and environmental management of land-based aquaculture development. Therefore, it was conducted a research with the purpose of  knowing the carrying capacity of brackishwater pond areas in Balusu Sub-district, Barru Regency, South Sulawesi Province based on their natural capacity to assimilate different environmental waste as the basic information to support the sustainability of pond production. Survey method was applied in this research. In situ measurement of water quality was conducted on the seashore and pond canal and more depth analysis was done at the Water Laboratory of The Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture, Maros. Physical property of brackishwater land was analysed and interpreted from detailed field measurement and image classification output of Quickbird imagery with acquisition date of 28 October 2006 and 25 September 2007. The quantity of water available for the brackishwater aquaculture was determined by employing 3-D analysis extension in Geographic Information System. The result of research showed that the quality of waters in coastal areas of Balusu Sub-district is still able to accommodate or neutralize the waste from the existing brackishwater ponds and therefore it can still be classified as suitable for brackishwater pond. The quantity of water available in the sea to dilute waste from the existing brackishwater ponds in Balusu Sub-district was estimated about 2,025,647.94 m3 and is considered enough to support the sustainability of only 236.40 ha (43.11% of the total area of existing brackishwater ponds (548.33 ha). If farmers use a traditional or an extensive aquaculture method, this area can produce fish a maximum of 141,84 ton/season. Based on the environmental regulation this location must have a minimum of 93.39 ha of mangrove areas, however existing mangrove areas are only 38.97 ha, so that farmer awareness and political intervention are urgently needed to recover those areas.