To improve environmental quality in enclosed piggeries, a monitoring and control system was designed based on a track inspection robot. The system includes a track mobile monitoring platform, an environmental control system, and a monitor terminal. The track mobile monitoring platform consists of three main components: a single-track motion device, a main box containing electronic components, and an environmental sampling device. It is capable of detecting various environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, NH₃ concentration, CO₂ concentration, light intensity, H₂S concentration, dust concentration, and wind speed at different heights below the track. Additionally, it can control on-site environmental control equipment such as lighting systems, ventilation systems, temperature control systems, and manure cleaning systems. The networked terminal devices enable real-time monitoring of field equipment operating status. An adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm is embedded in the system to regulate the temperature of the piggery. Field tests conducted on a closed nursery piggery revealed that the system effectively controlled the maximum temperature range within 2 °C. The concentrations of CO₂, NH₃, and PM2.5 were maintained at a maximum of 1092 mg∙m⁻³, 16.8 mg∙m⁻³, and 35 μg∙m⁻³, respectively. The light intensity ranged from 51 to 57 Lux, while the wind speed remained stable at approximately 0.35 m∙s⁻¹. The H₂S concentration was significantly lower than the standard value, and the lowest relative humidity recorded was 18% RH at high temperatures. Regular humidification is required in closed piggeries and other breeding places when the system does not trigger the wet curtain humidification and cooling function, as the relative humidity is lower than the standard value. By controlling the temperature, the system combined with a humidification device can meet environmental requirements. The control method is simple and effective, with a wide range of applications, and holds great potential in the field of agricultural environmental control.

The preparation of activated carbon (AC) from agricultural and forestry wastes is one of the effective methods for resource utilization. In this study, AC was prepared from corn stalk (CS) by pyrolysis, one-step activation, and two-step activation to determine the optimum preparation method. Based on this, a single-factor design was used to investigate the influence of activating agents (KOH, NaOH, KOH/NaOH), activation temperatures (600, 700, 800 °C), and activation times (60, 90, 120 min) on the physicochemical properties of AC. The physicochemical properties of AC were characterized by Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Cyclic voltammetry (CV). The results showed that the AC obtained by the one-step activation method (KOH, 800 °C, 120 min) exhibited a rich pore structure and excellent electrochemical properties (I_pa = 159.8 μA, I_pc = −169.5 μA). However, for the two-step activation method, the AC exhibited a poor pore structure and electrochemical properties (I_pa = 130.8 μA, I_pc = −129.9 μA). In addition, one-step activation provides high-quality AC in a shorter activation time than two-step activation.

In this study, the effects of different Mn content and heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of CoCrFeNiTi coatings by laser cladding technology were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the structure and composition. The hardness and wear resistance were tested by a microhardness tester and a friction-wear tester. The results show that there are many intermetallic compounds rich in Ti and Ni between the grains. As the Mn content increases, the coating gradually transitions from a dual-phase structure of BCC and FCC to a single FCC structure. The hardness of the coating decreases gradually with the increase in Mn content due to the change in the phase structure, while the friction coefficient decreases slightly at first and then increases significantly. The main wear mechanisms of the coating are adhesive wear and abrasive wear. After heat treatment at 600 °C, petal-like Laves precipitates appear. The average microhardness of CoCrFeNiTi coatings after heat treatment is lower than before treatment, and the friction coefficient is higher than before treatment. The average microhardness of the coating increases slightly with the increase in the treatment temperature. The average friction coefficient of the coating obtained after heat treatment at 600 °C is only 0.5941 because of its uniform microstructure. Therefore, it is reduced by approximately 15% compared with the base metal.

Double-row spherical roller bearings are frequently employed as supporting components in mining machinery. In practice, these bearings are lubricated manually, and the bearing chamber is filled with grease, which can lead to issues such as grease wastage and increased bearing temperatures. Additionally, factors such as load and speed also influence the bearing temperature, collectively contributing to inadequate lubrication and potential bearing failure. Consequently, it is essential to investigate the temperature of the bearing under operating conditions. Utilizing tribology theory and the principles of bearing heat generation, a numerical model of fluid–structure interaction heat transmission within the bearing was developed, and finite element analysis was conducted through the ANSYS-Fluent module. The model was verified, and the temperature field of the bearing under varying operating conditions was studied. The findings of this research are as follows: (1) The numerical model demonstrates high accuracy, with a relative error of less than 5% when comparing the experimental temperature values of the jaw crusher bearing to the simulated values. (2) Under diverse operating conditions, the inner ring of the bearing has the highest temperature of all parts of the bearing, while the bearing cavity’s flow field has the lowest temperature. (3) The average temperature amplitude across different areas of the bearing system will rise as a result of increases in radial load or the bearing rotational speed. (4) When the grease filling volume increases from minimal to maximal, the average temperature in each bearing area initially decreases before subsequently rising, with the optimal grease filling amount identified as 60%. In operational scenarios, if the bearing temperature exceeds 70 °C, it is imperative to shut down the machine immediately to avert bearing failure. This study on bearing lubrication has practical guiding significance.

To effectively confront the acute challenge of global warming, at the present stage, the Chinese government has designated carbon reduction as the core objective to accomplish the coordinated control of greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions. As China is a major manufacturing country, with the continuous improvement of air emission standards, it is particularly necessary to carry out the design of more efficient volatile organic pollutant emission devices. This study takes a treatment system with a waste gas ventilation volume of 6 × 10⁴ m³·h⁻¹ as an example, adopts the end treatment approach of adsorption and catalytic combustion coupling, and designs a purification device composed of multistage oil-mist recovery, electrostatic adsorption, dry filtration, activated-carbon adsorption and desorption, catalytic combustion, etc. It also employs the fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative fine temperature control algorithm, and the temperature overshoot was decreased by 85%. The average emission concentration of volatile organic compounds at the equipment outlet is 6.56 mg·m⁻³, and the average removal rate is 93.99%, far surpassing the national emission standards. The device operates efficiently and stably, confirming that the end-coupled treatment system based on the adaptive fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative temperature control strategy can effectively handle volatile organic compounds with oil mist and holds significant promotion and research value.