The aim of this research was to separate the over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), ibuprofen, from an aqueous solution using the adsorption method, as this NSAID is one of the most globally consumed. An adsorbent was crafted from the Agave angustifolia bagasse, a byproduct of the bacanora industry (a representative alcoholic beverage of the state of Sonora, in northwestern Mexico). Three bioadsorbents (BCT1, BCT2, and BCT3) were produced via pyrolysis at a temperature of 550 °C, with slight variations in each process for every bioadsorbent. The bioadsorbents achieved material yields of 25.65%, 31.20%, and 38.28% on dry basis respectively. Characterization of the bagasse and adsorbents involved scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The biomass morphology exhibited a cracked surface with holes induced via the bacanora production process, while the surface of the bioadsorbents before ibuprofen adsorption was highly porous, with a substantial surface area. After adsorption, the surface of the bioadsorbents was transformed into a smoother grayish layer. The macromolecules of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were present in the biomass. According to functional groups, cellulose and hemicellulose degraded to form the resulting bioadsorbents, although traces of lignin persisted after the pyrolysis process was applied to the biomass. In an adsorption study, BCT1 and BCT2 bioadsorbents successfully removed 100% of ibuprofen from aqueous solutions with an initial concentration of 62.6 mg/L. In conclusion, the biocarbon derived from Agave angustifolia bagasse exhibited significant potential for removing ibuprofen via adsorption from aqueous solutions.

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is an emerging trend for producing nerve guidance conduits (NGCs). This technique allows distinct designs and dimensions to mimic peripheral nerve architecture and promote nerve regeneration. In this study, commercially available TPU 90A and 95A filaments were used for the fabrication of hollow simple wall (non-porous), grooved and gyroid multichannel conduits. The segmented polyurethanes were identified as PBA-MDI-BO-based polyurethanes by ¹H NMR, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. Thermal analyses, such as DSC and TGA, demonstrated that both TPUs possess sufficient thermal stability to be processed safely under the printing conditions employed. Tensile mechanical tests accounted for their differences in hard segment content in agreement with the Shore A hardness. The measured elastic modulus, in particular, was within a range that may be advantageous for peripheral nerve repair. The gyroid multichannel design showed enhanced resistance to radial compression and highly interconnected internal structure that supported primary neural cell viability and preserved cellular functionality. Therefore, polyurethane-based nerve guidance conduits can be manufactured by FDM, rendering high printability, favorable mechanical performance without compromising biocompatibility.

Infections, limited biocompatibility, and material degradation remain major challenges for metallic implants in biomedical applications. To address these issues, this study presents a multifunctional coating strategy for Grade 2 titanium using a base layer of segmented polyurethane (Tecoflex SG‐80A), followed by the co‐deposition of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and gentamicin sulfate. Corrosion polarization tests revealed enhanced passivation of polyurethane‐coated surfaces with no signs of pitting corrosion. Coatings showed porous microstructures with both nanoparticles and antibiotics distributed within and along pore edges. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed the surface presence of both components. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated loadings of 0.17 ± 0.02 mg of gentamicin and 0.30 ± 0.04 mg of TiO ₂ per specimen. SEM and AFM analyses showed that over 86% of the surface was covered with gentamicin and nanoparticles. Contact angle measurements revealed a hydrophilic character (35°) for coatings containing both gentamicin and TiO ₂ nanoparticles, favorable for biological interactions. Cytotoxicity assays using dental pulp mesenchymal cells and fibroblasts demonstrated no cytotoxic effects after 72 h, whereas antibacterial tests against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli indicated inhibitory effects. Gentamicin release from the coatings followed the Korsmeyer–Peppas model, suggesting a diffusion‐driven profile. These results support the development of durable, biocompatible, and antibacterial coatings for titanium implants that can reduce infection risk, enhance corrosion resistance, and support tissue integration.