With the evolution of Industry 4.0, some problems related to inefficient digitalization become clearer in organizations. To minimize these problems, implementation of the lean philosophy is needed in the digital environment. However, before Lean can start to solve the digitalization problems, there is a need to digitalize its tools so that they can comprehend the Industry 4.0 dynamics and become more effective. The aim of this study is to contribute to the theoretical development of Lean tools in the context of Industry 4.0, promoting directions for the industrial sector from the evolution, difficulties, benefits, implementation and trends of Lean 4.0 tools. To achieve this objective, this study performs a systematic literature review and content analysis of 53 papers from 35 journals. The main results of the research show: (i) the characterization of the Lean 4.0 tools; (ii) the evolution of the Lean tools after the integration with digital technologies; (iii) the main trends of Lean 4.0; (iv) the proposal of a Lean 4.0 theoretical framework. From these results, this paper seeks to promote insights for studies in the area of Lean 4.0, as well as for companies to implement and use the Lean 4.0 tools for better improvement in their digital processes and avoid the digital waste.

The Industry 4.0 concept inception definitively provided a disruptive glimpse in terms of possibilities in a multidisciplinary spectrum. The convergence and synergy from technologies generated quite high expectations. In terms of advancements, the efficiency increase is one of the key factors. Smart factories must be capable of producing more and in an ecologically cleaner manner, by benefiting from less environmentally impacting energy sources. The present moment is for digital transformation in the diverse enabling transverse areas. For that to be feasible, the next steps are towards standardization, which brings viability to expand and integrate the assorted devices and processes, bringing intelligence closer to all the involved equipment by capitalization. The gap that this research aims to explore is in the assessment of the ongoing industries, focusing on the current status of the operational plants technologically. In other words, by mapping the present, as-is, situation, the stakeholders obtain a valuable guidance resource to go through the journey upon permeating the Industry 4.0 status, the greater objective. Undoubtedly, a path of considerable length, but with well-proportioned outcomes. The solution’s ambition is to rate, grade, and calculate the readiness and maturity levels of the institution accordingly to that scope. To achieve that, methods will be developed and applied to gather information and subsequently threaten it. Finally, the results will be confronted versus the fourth industrial revolution preconized capabilities, as defined by the Rami 4.0 Reference Architecture Model. Having presented the information, there is a possibility to establish a road-map to achieve the desired level.

The current industrial revolution demands a revolution on teaching methodologies at all levels, particularly for higher education. Here, we present an efficient model to teach technologies associated with Industry 4.0 (I4.0) in undergraduate engineering courses. The first step was identifying the main skills required for an I4.0 practitioner and how those subjects are currently taught worldwide. Then, a multicriteria model is created to identify the appropriate teaching strategy. From this, a framework of a differentiated model for studying Industry 4.0-related subjects was created, which was labelled Educational Test Bed 4.0. Finally, this educational framework was applied at the Federal University of Technology – Paraná (UTFPR) undergraduate courses, with effective outcomes and improvement over previous methodologies, becoming part of the engineering curriculums.

After performing a systematic review of the literature, it was noticeable that the discussion regarding Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) along with Knowledge and Technology Transfer (KTT) and Innovation is scarce. To address this issue, the objective of this paper is to analyze the relationship between GSCM, KTT, and Innovation. To achieve this purpose, we developed a conceptual framework based on the literature review, which raised some hypotheses. In order to verify the hypotheses and validate the framework, we designed a multicriteria model called the KTT-GSCM Multicriteria Model, composed of two stages. The first stage describes factors that are relevant to GSCM, KTT, and Innovation, ascertaining which ones have influence over the others and which ones are influenced by the others, through the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method. The second stage of the model analyzes the level of each perspective in each company and in the supply chain as a whole, thus verifying the hypotheses. This model was applied in 13 firms of a supply chain that has a rotomolding firm as a focal company. Through the development and application of the model, it was possible to verify the hypotheses raised and conclude that the perspectives of GSCM, KTT, and Innovation are, in fact, influenced by one another and that both Innovation and KTT promote greater development in GSCM.

In recent years, the fourth industrial revolution has attracted increasing attention around the world. However, efforts are still lacking to systematically review the state of the art of this new wave of industrial revolution. In the second decade of the 21st century, the rapid proliferation of technology and the intensification of global competition created a sense of urgency for governments of developed and developing countries to engage in a major industrial revitalization, leading to the global emergence of something generically known as Industry 4.0. These critical government programs are expected to dramatically alter the global structures of major industrial sectors. The World Economic Forum took the lead in discussing the Fourth Industrial Revolution, adding the issue to its 2016 agenda, and found that many governments were concerned about how to support their country's participation in the Fourth Industrial Revolution and were pursuing programs to support these efforts. Based on this context, this literature review aims to analyze global government initiatives, making a comparison between industrial innovation policies of Industry 4.0. Prisma methodologies were used to compose the final portfolio, which made it possible to find the most relevant works for the research. This study contributes to the clarification of innovation policies for the development of Industry 4.0, presenting to emerging economies that it is essential to develop policies that guide the direction of revitalization of the development of industry using demand-side policies. Thus, the study presents how through good governance, the Fourth Industrial Revolution can better promote sustainable development that meets the needs of the present without compromising its capacity to meet the needs of future generations.Keywords: Fourth Industrial Revolution. Industry 4.0. Industrial innovation policies. Government initiatives. RESUMO:Nos últimos anos, a quarta revolução industrial atraiu cada vez mais atenção em todo o mundo. Entretanto, ainda faltam esforços para revisar sistematicamente o estado da arte dessa nova onda da revolução industrial. Na segunda década do século XXI, a rápida proliferação da tecnologia e a intensificação da concorrência global criaram um senso de urgência para que governos de países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento se engajem em uma grande revitalização industrial, levando ao surgimento global de algo genericamente conhecido como Indústria 4.0. Espera-se que esses programas críticos do governo alterem drasticamente as estruturas globais dos principais setores industriais. O Fórum Econômico Mundial assumiu a liderança na discussão da Quarta Revolução Industrial, acrescentando a questão a sua agenda de 2016, e constatou que muitos governos estavam preocupados em como apoiar a participação de seu país na Quarta Revolução Industrial e estavam perseguindo programas para apoiar esses esforços. Com base nesse contexto, esta revisão de literatura tem como objetivo analisar as iniciativas governamentais globais, realizando um comparativo entre as políticas de inovação industrial da Indústria 4.0. Para composição do portfólio final, foi utilizada a metodologia PRISMA, que possibilitou encontrar os trabalhos mais relevantes para a pesquisa em relação à temática. Este estudo contribui para o esclarecimento sobre as políticas de inovação para o desenvolvimento da Indústria 4.0, apresentando para as economias emergentes que é fundamental desenvolver políticas que orientem a direção da revitalização do desenvolvimento da indústria usando políticas do lado da demanda. Evidenciando assim a importância da assistência do Estado e considerar como por meio da boa governança, a Quarta Revolução Industrial pode promover melhor o desenvolvimento sustentável que atenda às necessidades do presente sem comprometer sua capacidade de atender às necessidades das gerações futuras.Palavras-chave: Quarta Revolução Industrial. Indústria 4.0. Políticas de inovação industrial. Iniciativas governamentais.