Machine learning is a subset of Artificial Intelligence when combined with Data Mining techniques plays a promising role in the field of prediction. We live in an era where data generation is exponential with time but if the generated data is not put to work or not converted to knowledge data, its generation is of no use. Similarly, in Healthcare also, data availability is high, so is the need to extract the information from it for better prognosis, diagnosis, treatment, drug development, and overall healthcare. In this research, we have tried to focus more on diagnosis of Diabetes disease, which is one of the fastest growing chronic diseases all over the world as declared by World Health Organization in the year 2014. We have also tried to show the different techniques like Gradient Boosting, Logistic Regression and Naive Bayes, which can be used for the diagnosis of diabetes disease with attained accuracy as 86% for the Gradient Boosting, 79% for Logistic Regression and 77% for Naive Bayes.

Based on the preliminary screening of eight indigenous putative probioticLactobacilli,Lactobacillus fermentumLf1 was selected for assessing its antioxidative efficacy in DSS colitis mouse model based on its ability to enhance the expression of “Nrf2” by 6.43-fold and malondialdehyde (MDA) inhibition by 78.1 ± 0.24% in HT-29 cells under H₂O₂stress. The Disease Activity Index and histological scores of Lf1-treated mice were lower than the control group. However, expression of “Nrf2” was not observed in Lf1-treated mice. A significant increase in the expression of antioxidative enzymes such asSOD2 andTrxR-1 was recorded in both of the groups. The expression ofSOD2 was significantly downregulated in colitis-induced mice by −100.00-fold relative to control group, and the downregulation was considerably reduced to −37.04-fold in colitis Lf1 treatment group. Almost, a similar trend was recorded in case of “thioredoxin” expression, though “CAT” was refractile to expression. The Lf1-treated group had decreased malondialdehyde level as compared to colitis control (37.92 ± 6.31 versus 91.13 ± 5.76 μM/g). These results point towards Lf1-induced activation of the antioxidant enzyme system in the mouse model and its prospects to be explored as a new strategy for IBD management.

Smart wristbands and watches have become an important accessory to fitness, but their application to healthcare is still in a fledgling state. Their long-term wear facilitates extensive data collection and evolving sensitivity of smart wristbands allows them to read various body vitals. In this paper, we hypothesized the use of heart rate variability (HRV) measurements to drive an algorithm that can pre-empt the onset or worsening of an affliction. Due to its significance during the time of the study, SARS-Cov-2 was taken as the case study, and a hidden Markov model (HMM) was trained over its observed symptoms. The data used for the analysis was the outcome of a study hosted by Welltory. It involved the collection of SAR-Cov-2 symptoms and reading of body vitals using Apple Watch, Fitbit, and Garmin smart bands. The internal states of the HMM were made up of the absence and presence of a consistent decline in standard deviation of NN intervals (SSDN), the root mean square of the successive differences (rMSSD) in R-R intervals, and low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), and very low frequency (VLF) components of the HRV measurements. The emission probabilities of the trained HMM instance confirmed that the onset or worsening of the symptoms had a higher probability if the HRV components displayed a consistent decline state. The results were further confirmed through the generation of probable hidden states sequences using the Viterbi algorithm. The ability to pre-empt the exigent state of an affliction would not only lower the chances of complications and mortality but may also help in curbing its spread through intelligence-backed decisions.

Angiogenesis is a process involved in the formation of new blood capillaries from pre-existing ones. It is regulated by several anti-angiogenic molecules involved in tumor growth and metastasis. The endothelial angiopoietin Ang-Tie/PI3K/AKT growth receptor pathway is necessary for healthy vascular development. The activation of AKT is controlled by a multistep process involving phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). This article aims to provide an overview of the role and mechanism of the Ang-Tie/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways and the potential of flavonoids as anti-angiogenic drugs. Flavonoids have shown great potential in preventing angiogenesis by targeting signaling pathways and exhibit additional anti-cancer properties. Research studies have revealed that the currently available anti-angiogenic drugs do not meet the safety and efficacy standards for treating tumor growth. Phytocompounds have long been a valuable resource for the development of novel therapeutic drugs. This article explores recent findings explaining the role and mechanism of the Ang-Tie/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, as well as the interaction of flavonoids with angiogenic signaling pathways as a novel therapeutic approach. Several investigations have shown that synergistic studies of natural phytocompounds have great potential to target these pathways to inhibit tumor growth. Therefore, flavonoid-based medications may offer a more effective synergistic strategy to treat cancer.

Owing to its ever-growing range of pharmacological advantages, sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate from cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, is becoming increasingly popular. This review aims to provide a thorough understanding and a current update on the application of sulforaphane in cancer treatment. Sulforaphane interacts with many signaling molecules that control various pathways in malignant cells, including angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, metastasis, and inflammation pathways. This review examines the effects of this isothiocyanate on inflammatory mediators, caspases, MMPs, cytokines, and the proteins Bax and Bcl-2. Furthermore, the advantages of nanotechnology and synergistic effects in sulforaphane applications are also reviewed. As per evidence, sulforaphane is a shining example of how ethno-pharmacological expertise can be used to create modern medications.