A new “green” method for the synthesis of β-iodovinyl aryl and alkyl sulfones with high yield and selectivity has been developed. The reaction proceeds in ethanol at room temperature via irradiation with green light and with Rose Bengal as the photocatalyst. The product precipitates through addition of water and does not need any purification. The photocatalyst was recovered and reused several times after the removal of the solvent. It showed a slight decrease in activity only after the 4th cycle.
Palladium catalyzed Heck-type intramolecular cyclization of N-(2-bromoaryl)pyridinium salts gives pyrido[1,2-a]indoles. A one-pot two-step procedure from pyrylium salts has been developed. The reaction is scalable and affords high product yields.
Herein, we present a two-step approach for synthesizing 2,3-benzodiazepines from substituted indenes. This process involves oxidation of indenes to 1,5-diketones followed by their cyclocondensation with hydrazine hydrate. The optimized conditions for a wide range of substituted 2,3-benzodiazepines, including the well-known anxiolytic tofisopam, were investigated. A detailed mechanism for the cyclization of 1,5-diketones with hydrazine hydrate was established using 1H NMR kinetic experiments.
A series of novel functional polycarbonates, specifically poly(solketal glycidyl ether carbonate-co-propylene carbonate)s with varying compositions, were synthesized through the ring-opening copolymerization of solketal glycidyl ether, propylene oxide, and carbon dioxide. The reaction was catalyzed by rac-(salcy)CoIIIX complexes with bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium salts as co-catalysts, achieving high selectivity. The resulting terpolymers exhibited number-average molecular weights ranging from 2 × 104 to 1 × 105 and a narrow, bimodal molecular weight distribution, with dispersities of 1.02–1.07 for each mode. Interestingly, the addition of a small amount of water to the reaction mixture yielded a terpolymer with a unimodal molecular weight distribution and a dispersity of 1.11. Subsequent acidic hydrolysis of the solketal protective groups produced poly(glyceryl glycerol carbonate-co-propylene carbonate). All terpolymers were amorphous, with Tg near or below room temperature. The hydroxyl-functional polycarbonates underwent cyclodepolymerization under milder conditions compared to polycarbonates with protected hydroxyl groups.