Free radicals are chemicals that play roles in the etio-pathogenesis of ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Various antioxidants have been used in an attempt to mitigate the damage induced by these chemicals. In the present study, the antioxidative effects of grape seed extract (proanthocyanidin), tomato extract (lycopene), and vitamin C (ascorbic acid) on a composite re-established-flow inferior epigastric artery based rectus abdominis muscle-skin flap model on which experimental ischaemia was induced were investigated. The rats have been administered antioxidants for 2 weeks prior to the surgery and for 2 more weeks thereafter. Macroscopic, histopathological, and biochemical analyses were carried out at the decision of the experiment. It was found that flap skin island necrosis was significantly reduced in the proanthocyanidin, lycopene, vitamin C groups (p < 0.001). Statistical analyses showed significant decreases in inflammation, oedema, congestion, and granulation tissue in the proanthocyanidin and lycopene groups compared to the vitamin C and control groups (p < 0.001). When the viability rates of fat and muscle tissues were examined, significant improvements were found in the proanthocyanidin and lycopene groups in comparison to the other groups (p < 0.001). Serum antioxidant capacity measurements revealed significant differences in the lycopene group compared to all other groups (p < 0.001). It is concluded that lycopene and proanthocyanidin are protective antioxidants in rat composite muscle-skin flap ischaemia-reperfusion models.

Reconstruction of bone defects that occur because of certain reasons has an important place in plastic and reconstructive surgery. The objective of the treatments of these defects was to reinstate the continuity of tissues placed in the area in which the defect has occurred. In this experimental study, the effect of pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation on platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and bone marrow stromal cell, which propounded that they have positive impact on bone regeneration, was evaluated with the bone healing rate in the zygomatic bone defect model enwrapped with superficial temporal fascia. After creating a 4-mm defect on the zygomatic bone of the experiments, the defect was encompassed with a superficial temporal fascial flap and a nonunion model was created. After surgery, different combinations of the PRP, bone marrow stromal cell, and electromagnetic field applications were implemented on the defective area. All the experiments were subjected to bone density measurement. The result revealed that the PRP and pulsed electromagnetic field implementation were rather a beneficial and an effective combination in terms of bone regeneration. It was observed that the superficial temporal fascial flap used in the experiment was a good scaffold choice, providing an ideal bone regeneration area because of its autogenous, vascular, and 3-dimensional structures. As a result, it is presumed that this combination in the nonhealing bone defects is a rather useful treatment choice and can be used in a reliable way in clinical applications.

Background: Bronchiectasis is described as destruction and the irreversible dilatation of bronchial structure. We wanted to demonstrate our surgical practice and outcome of surgical treatment in bronchiectasis. Methods: We studied records of 60 pediatric patients who underwent surgical resection in our clinic between January 2000 and January 2013. The results were analyzed regarding factors influencing the outcome. Results: There were 32 boys and 28 girls with a mean age of 9.45 years (range 2–15). The most common cause was childhood infection in 25 (41.66%). The mean duration of the symptoms was 42.93 months. Patients underwent 64 operations including 2 staged thoracotomies and 2 re-thoracotomies. Atelectasis was the most frequent complication. Longer duration of symptoms related to postoperative complication. The morbidity and mortality rates were 20% and 3.33%, respectively. The outcome was optimal in 92%. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s less than 60% of the predicted value, hemoptysis and duration of symptoms were found prognostic variables for postoperative morbidity with high ratios of odds coefficients by using Binary Logistic Regression Method. Conclusions: Complete and early resection of bronchiectasis provides a successful outcome. Duration of symptoms and timely intervention have a major impact on the management and prognosis. Hintergrund: Bronchiektasen sind durch eine irreversible Dilatation und Strukturzerstörung der Bronchialwand definiert. Wir wollen unser chirurgisches Vorgehen und Langzeitergebnisse präsentieren. Patienten & Methodik: Wir untersuchten Datensätze von 60 pädiatrischen Patienten, die von Jänner 2000 bis 2013 einer chirurgische Resektion an unserer Klinik unterzogen worden waren. Wir evaluierten mehrere Variablen und deren Einfluss auf das postoperative Ergebnis. Ergebnisse: 32 Jungen und 28 Mädchen mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 9,45 Jahren (zwischen 2–15) wurden operiert. Die häufigste Ursache waren kindliche Infektionskrankheiten in 25 Fällen (42%). Die mittlere Dauer der Symptome betrug 43 Monate. Die Patienten wurden 64 Operationen, darunter 2 mehrzeitigen Thorakotomien und 2 Re-Thorakotomien unterzogen. Atelektasen waren die häufigste Komplikation. Die Symptomdauer korrelierte mit postoperativen Komplikationen. Die Morbidität und Mortalität waren 20% und 3,3%. Das Ergebnis wurde in 92% als optimal gewertet. Eine Einsekundenkapazität<60%, Hämoptysen und die Symptomdauer zeigten einen Zusammenhang zum postoperativen Ergebnis (erhöhte Odds Ratios in einer binären Regressionsanalyse). Schlussfolgerungen: Eine möglichst frühzeitige und komplette Bronchiektasenresektion führt zu guten Ergebnissen. Symptomdauer und zeitgerechte Intervention sind für Management und Prognose wichtig.

Background: One of the aims of endodontic treatment is to control preoperative and postoperative pain. The present study evaluated the effects of local and systemic ibuprofen on postoperative pain. It aimed to determine the most effective method for relieving postoperative pain due to chemomechanical preparation. Material/Methods: Ninety patients with symptomatic apical periodontitis were randomly assigned to local ibuprofen, systemic ibuprofen, and control groups (n=30 each). Chemomechanical preparations were performed using a ProTaper Universal Ni-Ti rotary file under 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid irrigation. After the root canals were dried with sterile paper points, while Odontocide paste was applied into the root canals of the patients in the local ibuprofen group, calcium hydroxide paste was applied into the root canals of the patients in the systemic ibuprofen and control groups. Following completion of the endodontic treat-ment procedure, 200 mg ibuprofen was prescribed to patients in the systemic ibuprofen group. Friedman and Wilcoxon tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Posttreatment pain scores were recorded at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h using a visual analogue scale. Although there were no significant differences between the local ibuprofen group (Odontocide) and the control group (Ultracal) (P > 0.05), pain scores in the systemic group (Ultracal+200 mg ibuprofen) were significantly lower than those in the other 2 groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: These results indicate that systemic administration of ibuprofen is effective for postoperative pain relief.