Introduction/Objective Quality of life before and after mono and bimaxillary surgery may vary from patient to patient depending on psychological assessment score. The aim of this study was to compare the quality of life before and six months after orthognathic surgery in correlation with a presurgical psychological assessment of patients with class III skeletal deformity. Assuming that patients with low psychological assessment results might have a lower quality of life after surgery despite successful treatment results. Methods For this prospective study 30 patients (19 female,11 male) were included. Psychological assessment was obtained before, and quality of life before and after surgery in skeletal deformity class III patients. Statistical analysis was done with a statistical package for social science - SPSS. Results Overall quality of life after surgery significantly improved in all patients. Surgical correction of class III deformities provided a significant improvement independent of the type of surgery and the severity of the deformity, as well as gender and age. There were significant differences in post-surgical quality of life scores between patients with good and poor psychological assessment scores, related to social disability (p < 0.05). Conclusion Patients with lower preoperative psychological scores experienced a lesser improvement in quality of life, particularly in the domain of social disability. This suggests that additional psychological treatment of these patients could further improve the beneficial effects of orthognathic surgery on postoperative quality of life.

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common neoplasm of salivary glands and consists of epithelial and mesenchymal components. Although a benign lesion, it harbors a potential for recurrence and malignant transformation. Also, due to its histological diversity and unpredictive behavior PA can represent both diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are well known modifiers of extracellular matrix (ECM) PA component and in conjunction with their endogenous tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) may influence PA tumor biology. PLAG1 oncogene also has an important role in PA; however, neither the exact mechanisms of its influence nor its interactions with other genes are completely elucidated. The aims of this study were to assess the expression of PLAG1, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 genes in PAs, and find a possible association of gene expression levels with clinical/epidemiological parameters of PA patients. Relative mRNA levels were assessed using Quantitative real-time PCR analyses in 15 PAs of the parotid gland and 5 normal salivary glands (NSGs). A statistically significant overexpression of PLAG1 was observed in PA compared to NSG samples (P=0.010); PA had 5.48 times higher mRNA levels than NSG. Out of the three analyzed MMP genes, significantly lower levels of MMP-7 were found in PA patients (P=0.026). TIMP2 was also downregulated in PA samples, compared to NSGs (P=0.040). MMP-7 and TIMP-2 mRNA levels were decreased 2.95 and 2.85 times respectively, in PA samples. No association was found between gene expression and clinical/epidemiological PA parameters. Our results suggest that PLAG1 overexpression with concomitant MMP7 and TIMP2 downregulation may contribute to PA development.

Introduction/Objective. This study aimed to evaluate sex assessment using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images by analyzing the dimensions and volume of the maxillary sinus. Additionally, the study aimed to develop prediction formulas for sex assessment and assess their accuracy for the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods. A total of 150 CBCT images were analyzed, comprising 73 males and 77 females, aged 20? 69 years. The dimensions of the maxillary sinuses ? specifically, the mediolateral, superoinferior, and anteroposterior measurements ? along with their volumes, were assessed using Romexis software. Measurements were taken from both axial and coronal projections. To develop gender prediction formulas, multiple regression analysis was employed. The accuracy of sex prediction was evaluated using discriminant functional analysis. Results. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in sinus dimensions and volume were observed between sexes. Males had larger maxillary sinuses: left sinus volume was 27.60 ? 6.87 cm3 in males versus 22.10 ? 5.77 cm3 in females and right sinus volume was 27.48 ? 7.02 cm3 in males versus 21.65 ? 5.42 cm3 in females. The right maxillary sinus provided the highest accuracy for sex prediction (75%), followed by the left sinus (71%). Conclusion. The dimensions and volume of the maxillary sinus vary significantly between sexes, with males typically having larger sinuses. A gender prediction formula based on the right maxillary sinus offers the highest accuracy for sex prediction, achieving 75%. This formula could be a valuable tool in forensic applications specific to the Bosnian population when other methods are not available.

Introduction: Mucormycosis is a rare but serious infection caused by fungi called mucormycetes. It is life‐threatening, highly aggressive angioinvasive infection, which mainly affects immunocompromised people. Methods and Results: During 2021–early 2023, at the Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (the “Clinic”), medical team (the “Team”) treated five patients, with a rhino‐orbital‐cerebral form of mucormycosis. All five patients had recently recovered from COVID‐19 infection prior to detection of mucormycosis. All of them spent a considerable amount of time (on average 1 month of hospitalization) at COVID‐19 specialized hospitals. The Team treated these patients following the guidelines for screening diagnosis and management of mucormycosis at the time of the COVID‐19 pandemic (COVID‐19 patient guidelines/Indian Council of Medical Research, published in May 2021 approved by WHO). Treatment included several phases, out of which the Team was responsible for and carried out early diagnosis and surgical intervention phase, while colleagues from other clinics assisted in other phases of treatment/management of mucormycosis. Conclusion: The goal of this paper is to present five patients diagnosed with mucormycosis, with a special focus on two patients who, due to their condition, received surgical intervention as part of their antifungal treatment.