The article presents the data on the morphofunctional state of the liver in the broodstock of the common carp (CYPRINUS CARPIO) during the spawning period. The research was carried out on one of the farms in the Voronezh region that specializes in the breeding and rearing of commercial fish. The broodstock under investigation was divided into two groups according to the age indicator. The first group (n=6) (the main stock) was formed by individuals weighing 4-7 kg, aged 4-7 years; the second (n=6) – individuals of 8-17 kg, aged 7 years and older. When studying the biochemical indicators, the following changes were revealed: direct bilirubin in the second group exceeded the normative values by 62.3%. In the first group the ALT level was 62% higher than the specified norm, and in the second group – 85.2%, respectively. The change in the alkaline phosphatase index in the first group was lower than the standard indicators by 74.3%, in the second group – by 59.6%. Glucose in the first group exceeded the norm by 87.3%, in the second group – by 71.2%, respectively. The histological and cytological studies carried out made it possible to confirm the presence of hepatosis in the liver of broodstock in all the studied groups.

This article presents the research aimed at studying the effect of mycotoxin DON on the structural organization of the liver of common carp. As a result of the studies of the food basis of aquatic organisms, the mycotoxin DON was identified in the feed, under the effect of which the protein-water-electrolyte metabolism was disturbed in the liver cells of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio), which led to hydropic degeneration. This indicates an adverse anthropogenic effect on commercial fish.

The level of expression of genes of proinflammatory (IL-1α and IL-1β) and antiinflammatory (IL-10) cytokines in the blood of cows was studied on 20 animals, divided according to the principle of analogues into two groups: the first group (n=10) - clinically healthy cows, the second one (n=10) - diagnosed with chronic endometritis. Diagnosis of chronic endometritis was carried out on the basis of the results of transrectal examination and echographic data obtained using a portable ultrasound scanner. The experiment included cows 60 or more days after calving. It has been found that the level of expression of IL-1α, IL-1β in cows with chronic endometritis is by 1.92 and 4.61 times higher, respectively, than in clinically healthy animals, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, on the contrary, is by 118.6 times lower. The dominance of proinflammatory cytokine gene expression over anti-inflammatory ones indicates the development of an inflammatory process in the uterus, which is confirmed by the results of histological studies of endometrial biopsy material. In clinically healthy animals, the integumentary epithelium is lined with cells of a prismatic or cubic shape, the endometrium is slightly infiltrated with neutrophils, lymphocytes and histiocytes. The uterine glands are presented in a significant amount, the glandular cells are integral, prismatic in shape. In the cows with chronic endometritis, desquamation of the integumentary epithelium was diagnosed, the cells of which in most cases are in a state of dystrophy and necrobiosis. The lumen of the uterine glands is narrowed, glandular cells are rejected into the lumen of the glands, which indicates a decrease in the functional activity of the organ. The endometrium looked edematous, abundantly infiltrated, predominantly with neutrophilic leukocytes and, to a lesser extent, with lymphoid cells, indicating the presence of inflammation in the uterine mucosa.

The article presents the material on studying the morphobiochemical blood status of cows in the complex therapy of chronic endometritis. It has been established that the use of general stimulant (biostimulgin subcutaneously with a 48-hour interval at a dose of 25.0 ml/animal), symptomatic (uteroton three times with a 24-hour interval at a dose of 10.0 ml/animal) drugs and a new antimicrobial drug (intrauterine 1-2 times with a 24-hour interval at a dose of 20.0 ml/animal) is accompanied by the normalization of inflammatory processes in the reproductive organs, lipid metabolism, liver function, activation of the cellular and humoral link of nonspecific resistance of the organism, the antioxidant system, a decrease in the intensity of lipid peroxidation processes, predominance of anti-inflammatory processes over pro-inflammatory ones.

The study presents the data on the cellular composition of the kidneys of the common carp against the background of the use of the probiotic Celloblacterin-T. The experiment was planned and carried out at a specialized fish farm in Voronezh region. Specimens of the common carp aged 1 year and weighing in the range of 250-300 grams were selected for the experiment. As part of the baseline study, kidneys were taken from fish (n=5) for cytological studies. After that, the fish were divided into 2 groups: carps from the control (n=8000) and experimental (n=8000) ponds. The fish from the control pond received the main diet, and the fish from the experimental pond received the probiotic drug Cellobacterin-T (with the main diet), calculated at a dose of 2 kg/t of feed. Then a test fishing was carried out, during which kidneys were taken from the specimens of both ponds (n=8 from each) for cytological studies. They were conducted 14 days after the beginning of using the probiotic and 42 days after the beginning (12 days after the end of using the probiotic). In the baseline study, we revealed inhibition of the lymphoid lineage of the anterior kidney, an inflammatory neutrophilic reaction caused by the effect of heavy metals, as evidenced by a low number of lymphocytes (16.5%) and a high number of neutrophils and their precursors (10.5%). Against the background of the use of Cellobacterin-T, activation of lymphocytes was observed, their number increased by 1.9 times relative to the baseline study. The number of neutrophils and their precursors was reduced by 3 times. After discontinuation of the drug, the results of the experimental group were close to the results of the baseline study.

The article presents the material on studying the relative expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes in the blood of cows during the therapy of chronic endometritis in cows. It has been established that during treatment there is a decrease in the relative expression level of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-2) with a simultaneous increase in anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10) cytokines. The greatest clinical efficacy of treatment of cows with chronic endometritis was established when using the antimicrobial drug "PK", biostimulgin and uteroton – 89.5%, accompanied by a decrease in the relative expression level of the TNFα genes in the blood by 2.1 times, IL-2 - by 2.18 times, with a simultaneous increase in IL-4 by 1.82 times, IL-10 – by 1.71 times. The dominance of the relative expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine genes over pro-inflammatory ones indicates the extinction of inflammatory processes in the uterus.