Single phase cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) with nanoparticles of similar sizes (15.7-19 nm) was obtained by different synthesis methods: coprecipitation, ultrasonically assisted coprecipitation, coprecipitation followed by mechanochemical treatment, microemulsion and microwave assisted hydrothermal synthesis. The obtained CoFe2O4 samples have been studied using a variety of characterization techniques: X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, far infrared (FIR) reflectivity and attenuated total reflectance (ATR) in combination with Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in mid IR spectra. Different methods of synthesis produced nanoparticles with different lattice constants, internal stresses and different cation inversion values. This is confirmed in the subtle changes in the Raman and IR spectra of different CoFe2O4 nano-powders. The Raman spectra of CoFe2O4 were compared with the spectra of other ferrites and some cubic oxide spinels in an attempt to evaluate the contribution of tetrahedral and octahedral oscillations in certain Raman modes.

Background/Objectives: Barium titanate (BaTiO₃)-based nanocarriers have emerged as versatile and promising platforms for targeted drug delivery, owing to their unique combination of biocompatibility, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties, as well as responsiveness to external stimuli. These multifunctional ceramic nanoparticles can be precisely engineered to enable spatiotemporally controlled release of therapeutic agents, triggered by physical stimuli such as ultrasound, light, magnetic fields, temperature changes, and pH variations. Such an approach enhances treatment efficacy while reducing systemic side effects. Methods: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in the development and biomedical application of BaTiO₃-based nanocarriers. Special emphasis is placed on modern synthesis strategies, surface functionalization methods, and the integration of BaTiO₃ with other functional nanomaterials to create hybrid systems with improved therapeutic performance. Key challenges in clinical translation are also discussed, including biocompatibility assessment, biodistribution, and regulatory requirements. Conclusions: BaTiO₃-based nanocarriers show promise as materials well suited for advanced biomedical applications. The paper concludes with an outline of future research directions aimed at optimizing these advanced nanosystems for precision and personalized medicine, with applications in oncology, anti-infective therapy, and regenerative medicine.